CN114576016A

CN114576016A - Turbojet engine and starting device thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114576016A
Application number: CN202210320207.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何家祥; 董琨; 尹法辉; 赵学松
Original assignee: Qinghang Aerospace Beijing Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Qinghang Aerospace Beijing Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-29
Filing date: 2022-03-29
Publication date: 2022-06-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a turbojet engine and a starting device thereof, wherein the starting device comprises a starting motor, an output shaft of the starting motor is connected with a clutch, and the clutch can slide along the axial direction of the output shaft so as to be connected with or disconnected from a main shaft of the engine; still include first magnet and second magnet, first magnet with starter motor's position relatively fixed, the second magnet install in the clutch just is close to first magnet sets up, first magnet with magnetic attraction has between the second magnet. This starting drive's clutch adopts magnetism to inhale formula pretension structure, has avoided the contact design of traditional spring pretension, has avoidd the jamming problem, has improved the reliability and the life of structure.

Description

Turbojet engine and starting device thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of turbojet engines, in particular to a turbojet engine and a starting device thereof.

Background

At the start of a turbojet engine, the turbine power is lower than the compressor power, so that the turbojet engine must be started by means of an auxiliary device.

For a micro turbojet engine, high-pressure gas is generally adopted for blowing rotation, or gunpowder impacts a turbine, or a starting motor drives rotation; the starting motor is driven to rotate, so that the starting motor can be repeatedly used and is frequently used; usually, the starting motor is used in cooperation with the clutch, the clutch is thrown out by the motor and keeps connected with the engine in a low-speed state, and after the rotating speed of the engine rises, the starting motor is closed, and the clutch is automatically disengaged.

In the existing starting device utilizing the starting motor to rotate, a clutch mostly adopts a spring or a disc spring to ensure disengagement, the clamping risk exists in practical application, and the spring or the disc spring has service life limitation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a turbojet engine and a starting device thereof, wherein a clutch of the starting device adopts a magnetic type pre-tightening structure through structural optimization, so that the contact design of the traditional spring pre-tightening is avoided, the clamping stagnation problem is avoided, and the reliability and the service life of the structure are improved.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a starting device of a turbojet engine, which comprises a starting motor, wherein an output shaft of the starting motor is connected with a clutch, and the clutch can slide along the axial direction of the output shaft so as to be connected with or disconnected from a main shaft of the engine; still include first magnet and second magnet, first magnet with starter motor's position relatively fixed, the second magnet install in the clutch just is close to first magnet sets up, first magnet with magnetic attraction has between the second magnet.

In the starting device of the turbojet engine, the second magnet is mounted on the clutch and is in attraction fit with the first magnet fixed relative to the starting motor, namely the clutch is pre-tightened by utilizing the magnetic attraction of the first magnet and the second magnet, and the clutch is helped to be disengaged from the main shaft of the engine.

The starting device of the turbojet engine comprises a motor mounting seat, the starting motor is mounted on the motor mounting seat, and the first magnet is mounted on the motor mounting seat.

According to the starting device of the turbojet engine, the motor mounting seat comprises a base, and the base is provided with a through hole for the output shaft of the starting motor to pass through; the base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the first magnet is embedded in each mounting hole.

According to the starting device of the turbojet engine, the mounting holes are uniformly distributed around the circumferential direction of the through hole.

According to the starting device of the turbojet engine, the end part, close to the base, of the clutch is provided with the annular groove, and the second magnet is embedded in the annular groove.

In the starting device of the turbojet engine, the motor mounting seat further comprises a cylindrical peripheral wall extending from the outer periphery of the base to the engine, the output shaft of the starting motor passes through the through hole and is located in the inner cavity of the cylindrical peripheral wall, and the clutch is also located in the inner cavity of the cylindrical peripheral wall.

According to the starting device of the turbojet engine, the cylindrical peripheral wall is fixedly connected with the support plates along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical peripheral wall, the support plates are further fixedly connected with the air inlet part of the engine, and the cross sections of the support plates are arc-shaped.

The starting device of the turbojet engine comprises a fairing, the fairing is fixedly connected with the base, a main body of the starting motor is positioned in the fairing, and one end, far away from the base, of the fairing is in a hemispherical shape; and a plurality of cooling through holes are formed in the wall of the fairing.

According to the starting device of the turbojet engine, the output shaft of the starting motor is fixedly sleeved with the bushing, the bushing is fixedly connected with the pin body, the axial direction of the pin body is perpendicular to the axial direction of the output shaft, the clutch is sleeved outside the bushing, the clutch is provided with the spiral groove, the pin body penetrates through the spiral groove, and the spiral groove and the pin body can slide relatively.

In the starting device of the turbojet engine, the starting motor is an outer rotor brushless motor.

The invention also provides a turbojet engine which comprises an engine main shaft and a starting device, wherein the starting device is any one of the starting devices, and the clutch can slide relative to the output shaft of the starting motor to be in transmission connection with or disconnected from the engine main shaft.

Since the starting device has the technical effects, the turbojet engine comprising the starting device also has the same technical effects, and the discussion is not repeated here.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a starting apparatus of a turbojet engine according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the actuating device shown in FIG. 1 from another perspective;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the actuator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the fairing of the starting apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a motor mounting base of the starting apparatus of FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a clutch of the starting apparatus of fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals:

the cowling 11, the cooling through hole 111, the first connection hole 112;

the motor mounting seat 12, a base 121, a first mounting hole 121a, a second mounting hole 121b, a second connecting hole 121c, a cylindrical peripheral wall 122, a support plate connecting hole 122a, a lead wire through hole 122b and an annular wall 123;

a stay 13, a connecting screw 14, an intake member 15;

the starter motor 16, the output shaft 161, the countersunk screw 162;

bushing 17, set screw 171;

the pin 18, the clutch 19, the spiral groove 191, the friction ring 20, the first magnet 21, the second magnet 22 and the screw 23.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

For the sake of understanding and simplicity of description, the following description is taken in conjunction with the turbojet engine and its starting device, and the beneficial effects will not be repeated.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a starting device of a turbojet engine according to an embodiment; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the actuating device shown in FIG. 1 from another perspective;

fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the starting apparatus shown in fig. 1.

The turbojet engine needs to be started by the aid of the starting device during starting, the starting device is improved, and other structures of the turbojet engine can be designed by reference to the prior art and are not taken as core improvement points of the turbojet engine, and detailed description is omitted.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the starting device of the turbojet engine includes a starter motor 16, a clutch 19 is connected to an output shaft 161 of the starter motor 16, the clutch 19 can slide axially along the output shaft 161 of the starter motor 16 to be connected with or disconnected from the engine main shaft, specifically, when starting, the starter motor 16 is started, the clutch 19 can slide rightwards along the output shaft 161 to be connected with the engine main shaft to transmit power to the engine, after the engine speed rises to a set value, the starter motor 16 stops rotating, and the clutch 19 can slide leftwards along the output shaft 161 to be disconnected from the engine main shaft. The left and right directions are defined based on the orientation shown in fig. 3, the starter motor 16 is arranged on the left side, and the engine main shaft (not shown) is arranged on the right side, that is, at the time of starting, the clutch 19 needs to move in a direction close to the engine main shaft to establish the transmission between the starter motor 16 and the engine main shaft, and after the engine speed is increased, the clutch 19 needs to move in a direction away from the engine main shaft to disconnect the transmission between the starter motor 16 and the engine main shaft.

The starting device is provided with a first magnet 21 and a second magnet 22, wherein the first magnet 21 and the starting motor 16 are relatively fixed in position, the second magnet 22 is installed on the clutch 19 and is arranged close to the first magnet 21, and magnetic attraction force is provided between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22, namely the first magnet 21 and the second magnet are installed in a mode that magnetic poles of the first magnet and the second magnet are attracted.

So, utilize the magnetic attraction of magnet to carry out the pretension to clutch 19 to and supplementary clutch 19 and engine spindle disengage, the mode of using current spring has been avoided to this mode, has avoided the jamming risk because of the spring leads to, and this mode does not have wearing and tearing to clutch 19, can improve the reliability and the life of whole structure.

In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the assembly of the starter motor 16 in the turbojet engine, the starter device is provided with a motor mounting base 12, the starter motor 16 is mounted on the motor mounting base 12, and the first magnet 21 is also mounted on the motor mounting base 12 for convenient arrangement.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5 together, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fairing of the starting apparatus of fig. 1; fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a motor mounting base of the starting apparatus in fig. 1.

In this embodiment, the starting apparatus is provided with a cowling 11, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the cowling 11 covers the main body of a starting motor 16, the cowling 11 is fixedly connected to a motor mount 12, and the motor mount 12 is connected to an air inlet member 15 of the turbojet engine through a stay 13. Wherein, the end of the fairing 11 far away from the motor mounting base 12 is in a hemispherical shape. Thus, the intake flow resistance is favorably reduced.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the side of the air inlet part 15 close to the starter motor 16 is in the form of a trumpet opening, and the specific structure form can be set according to the actual requirements of the product.

In a specific scheme, a plurality of cooling through holes 111 are formed in the wall of the fairing 11 to release heat generated by the starter motor 16 during operation, so as to ensure the operating environment and the operating reliability of the starter motor 16. The specific shape, number, arrangement, etc. of the cooling through holes 111 are not limited herein.

In this embodiment, the motor mount 12 includes a base 121, the base 121 has a through hole for passing the output shaft 161 of the starter motor 16, an annular wall 123 is connected to one end of the base 121 facing the cowling 11, a boss protruding inward in the radial direction is provided on the inner wall of the annular wall 123, a second connection hole 121c for connecting with the cowling 11 is provided on the boss, a first connection hole 112 corresponding to the second connection hole 121c is provided on one side of the cowling 11 facing the annular wall 123, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the illustrated example, three sets of first connection holes 112 and second connection holes 121c are provided to be matched with each other, and are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the cowling 11, and the cowling 11 and the motor mount 12 can be connected by a screw 23 passing through the first connection hole 112 and the second connection hole 121 c.

It is understood that in other embodiments, the number of the first connection holes 112 and the second connection holes 121c which are matched with each other may be set according to the requirement, generally, three groups of the first connection holes and the second connection holes are capable of achieving stable and reliable connection, and of course, the fairing 11 and the motor mounting base 12 may be connected by other connection methods, not limited to those shown in the drawings.

The motor mounting base 12 further includes a cylindrical peripheral wall 122 extending from the outer periphery of the base 121 in the direction of the engine, an output shaft 161 of the starter motor 16 is positioned in an inner cavity of the cylindrical peripheral wall 122 after passing through the through hole of the base 121, and the clutch 19 connected to the output shaft 161 is also positioned in the cylindrical peripheral wall 122.

In this embodiment, a plurality of first mounting holes 121a are provided on a side of the base 121 facing the cowl 11, and the first magnet 21 is embedded in each of the first mounting holes 121a, that is, a plurality of first magnets 21 are provided.

Specifically, the first magnet 21 may be a columnar magnet. The plurality of first magnets 21 are uniformly arranged around the circumference of the through hole of the base 121, that is, the plurality of first magnets 21 are uniformly arranged around the circumference of the output shaft 161 of the starter motor 16.

The tip that is close to base 121 at clutch 19 is equipped with the annular, and it has second magnet 22 to inlay in this annular, and second magnet 22 specifically can be the loop configuration, and after so setting up, the circumference evenly distributed around output shaft 161 is inhaled to the magnetism between first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 for clutch 19's atress is even, can avoid clutch 19 eccentric.

Referring to fig. 5, which illustrates a structure provided with four first mounting holes 121a, it is understood that the first mounting holes 121a may be provided in other numbers when actually provided.

In another embodiment, a ring groove may be formed in the base 121, and the first magnet having a ring structure may be embedded in the ring groove, but the first magnet and the second magnet 22 may be concentrically arranged to ensure uniform force applied to the clutch 19.

Referring to fig. 5, the base 121 is further provided with a plurality of second mounting holes 121b for mounting the starter motor 16, and in conjunction with fig. 2 and 3, the starter motor 16 may be fixed to the base 121 by countersunk screws 162 passing through the second mounting holes 121 b. Fig. 5 also illustrates a structure showing four second mounting holes 121b, and the number of the second mounting holes 121b may be adjusted as needed when actually disposed.

In addition, when the mounting

holes

121a and 121b are arranged, the first mounting hole 121a and the second mounting hole 121b are preferably staggered, so that uneven stress on the base 121 is avoided, and the stability and reliability of the whole structure are improved.

In this embodiment, the stay attachment hole 122a is provided in the cylindrical peripheral wall 122 of the motor mount 12, so that the stay 13 can be easily attached between the cylindrical peripheral wall 122 and the air inlet member 15, specifically, the stay 13 can be attached to the cylindrical peripheral wall 122 and the air inlet member 15 by the attachment screw 14, and the attachment screw 14 is in the form of a long screw.

Specifically, a hole structure for passing the screw 14 may be formed inside the support plate 13, and a through hole for passing a lead of the starting motor 16 may also be formed.

The cross section of the support plate 13 is arc-shaped, which means that the blade profile of the support plate 13 is designed into a circular arc shape, which is beneficial to reducing the flow resistance of the intake air.

In the illustrated embodiment, three brackets 13 are provided between the motor mount 12 and the air intake member 15, and generally three-point support is fixed, which basically satisfies the requirement, but the number of brackets 13 may be adjusted as needed.

A lead wire passing hole 122b is provided in the cylindrical peripheral wall 122 of the motor mount 12 to facilitate the lead wire of the starter motor 16 to pass therethrough.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a clutch of the starting apparatus of fig. 1.

In this embodiment, the clutch 19 is axially slidably connected to the output shaft 161 of the starter motor 16 through a bushing 17, specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the bushing 17 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft 161, and the bushing 17 is relatively fixed to the output shaft 161 through a set screw 171. The bush 17 is further fixed with a pin 18, the axial direction of the pin 18 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the output shaft 161, and the pin 18 can be connected with the bush 17 by a screw connection.

The clutch 19 is specifically sleeved on the bushing 17, and the clutch 19 is provided with a spiral groove 191, as shown in fig. 6, the pin 18 connected with the bushing 17 passes through the spiral groove 191 and can slide relative to the spiral groove 191, that is, the size of the spiral groove 191 is larger than that of the pin 18.

A friction ring 20 is embedded in one end, close to the main shaft of the engine, of the clutch 19, and specifically, a ring groove structure can be arranged at one end, close to the main shaft of the engine, of the clutch 19, and the friction ring 20 is embedded in the ring groove structure.

When the starting motor 16 is started, the output shaft 161 rotates, the bushing 17 and the pin 18 rotate along with the output shaft 161 because the bushing 17 and the pin 18 are relatively fixed with the output shaft 161, and the clutch 19 can move along the direction of the output shaft 161 to the main shaft of the engine through the matching of the pin 18 and the spiral groove 191, so that the friction ring 20 is abutted against the main shaft of the engine, and the main shaft of the engine is driven to rotate.

After the rotating speed of the engine is increased to the set rotating speed, the starting motor 16 can be turned off, the output shaft 161 stops rotating, the pin body 18 stops moving, and the clutch 19 moves along the output shaft 161 to the direction of the starting motor 16 under the action of the cooperation of the pin body 18 and the spiral groove 191 and the attraction force of the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 so as to be disconnected with the main shaft of the engine.

In this embodiment, the starter motor 16 may be an external rotor brushless motor having a high power-to-weight ratio, which can simplify the complexity of the starter and reduce the weight of the entire structure.

The starting device is particularly suitable for a miniature turbojet engine, and can reduce the complexity, the weight and the reliability of the miniature turbojet engine. In general, a turbojet engine having a thrust of 100 kg or less is called a micro engine, and a turbojet engine having a thrust of 1000 kg or less is called a small engine.

The turbojet engine and the starting device thereof provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A starting device of a turbojet engine comprises a starting motor and is characterized in that an output shaft of the starting motor is connected with a clutch, and the clutch can slide along the axial direction of the output shaft to be connected with or disconnected from a main shaft of the engine; still include first magnet and second magnet, first magnet with starter motor's position relatively fixed, the second magnet install in the clutch just is close to first magnet sets up, first magnet with magnetic attraction has between the second magnet.

2. The turbojet engine starting device of claim 1 including a motor mount, the starter motor being mounted to the motor mount, the first magnet being mounted to the motor mount.

3. The turbojet engine starting device of claim 2 wherein the motor mount includes a base having a through hole for the output shaft of the starter motor to pass through; the base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and each mounting hole is inlaid with the first magnet.

4. The turbojet engine starting device of claim 3, wherein the plurality of mounting holes are evenly arranged around the circumference of the through hole.

5. The turbojet engine starting device of claim 4 wherein the end of the clutch adjacent the base has a ring groove, the second magnet being embedded in the ring groove.

6. The turbojet engine starting device of claim 3 wherein the motor mount further includes a cylindrical peripheral wall extending from the outer periphery of the base in the direction of the engine, the output shaft of the starter motor passing through the through-hole and being located in an inner cavity of the cylindrical peripheral wall, the clutch also being located in the inner cavity of the cylindrical peripheral wall.

7. The turbojet engine starting device of claim 6 wherein the cylindrical peripheral wall has a plurality of brackets secured around its circumference, the brackets also being secured to the engine inlet member, the brackets having an arcuate cross-section.

8. The turbojet engine starting device of claim 3, including a fairing fixedly connected to the base, the starter motor body being located within the fairing, the fairing being hemispherical in shape at an end remote from the base; and a plurality of cooling through holes are formed in the wall of the fairing.

9. The turbojet engine starting device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a bushing is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the starter motor, a pin body is fixedly connected to the bushing, the axial direction of the pin body is perpendicular to the axial direction of the output shaft, the clutch is sleeved on the bushing, the clutch has a spiral groove, the pin body penetrates through the spiral groove, and the spiral groove and the pin body can slide relatively.

10. The turbojet engine starting device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the starter motor is an outer rotor brushless motor.

11. Turbojet engine, including engine main shaft and starting drive, characterized in that, the starting drive is the starting drive of any one of claims 1-10, and the clutch can slip with respect to the output shaft of starter motor in order to be connected with engine main shaft transmission or disconnect with engine main shaft transmission.