CN114574644A - Method for prolonging service life of blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for prolonging service life of blast furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114574644A CN114574644A CN202210334159.1A CN202210334159A CN114574644A CN 114574644 A CN114574644 A CN 114574644A CN 202210334159 A CN202210334159 A CN 202210334159A CN 114574644 A CN114574644 A CN 114574644A
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- taphole
- mud
- stemming
- blast furnace
- machine
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/12—Opening or sealing the tap holes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for prolonging the service life of a blast furnace, which comprises the following steps of S100, providing stemming and a mud-beating machine, preheating the stemming, and putting the preheated stemming into the mud-beating machine to bake the mud-beating machine; s200, opening a second taphole at the later stage of tapping of the first taphole, and driving stemming in a stemming machine into the second taphole to block the taphole; s300, after the stemming is sintered, withdrawing the mud-making machine, and baking the mud-making machine; and S400, repeating S100 to S300 until the depth of the second iron notch reaches a preset value. According to the method for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace, the second taphole is subjected to opening plugging and mud beating for multiple times at the later stage of tapping of the first taphole, so that a complete mud bag is favorably formed, the mud bag can be formed in the second taphole area by the mud gun, and meanwhile, a protective layer can be formed on the side wall between the second taphole and the first taphole under the driving of the circular flow of the furnace cylinder, so that the side wall of the taphole area is protected, and the service life of the blast furnace is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, in particular to a method for prolonging the service life of a blast furnace.
Background
At present, a blast furnace is provided with 3-4 tapholes, and the blast furnace taphole generally adopts a tapping mode of dual-purpose one-standby or dual-purpose two-standby to complete the blast furnace slag iron discharge work. After a certain period, the blast furnace is turned to the field to alternately use different tapholes.
The side wall of the blast furnace taphole area is one of the weakest parts in the blast furnace hearth, the depth of the taphole becomes thin due to hot metal circulation scouring, slag iron erosion and the like during the taphole resting period, and after the mud ladle of the taphole is completely eroded, the hot metal and the slag iron can directly scour and erode the side wall of the taphole area, so that the refractory material of the side wall of the taphole area is quickly eroded and thinned, and the service life of the blast furnace is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to: provided is a method for prolonging the life of a blast furnace, which is simple in operation, can effectively prevent molten iron from scouring and eroding a taphole area, and prolongs the life of the blast furnace.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace comprises the following steps:
step S100, providing stemming and a mud-beating machine, preheating the stemming, loading the stemming into the mud-beating machine after preheating, and preheating the mud-beating machine to ensure the softness of the stemming;
step S200, opening a second taphole at the later stage of tapping of a first taphole, and driving the stemming in the stemming machine into the second taphole for plugging, wherein the first taphole is a tapping taphole, and the second taphole is a stopping taphole;
step S300, after the stemming is sintered, withdrawing the mud making machine;
and S400, repeating the step S100 and the step S300 until the depth of the second iron notch reaches a preset value.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for prolonging the life of the blast furnace, before the step S100, the method further includes:
step S101, when the blast furnace is turned down, blocking the second taphole by the stemming according to the maximum stemming amount to increase the depth of the second taphole and convert the second taphole into a rest taphole;
and S102, after a preset time interval, starting the step S100, wherein the preset time is the time for completely eroding the bale of the second taphole.
As a preferable scheme of the method for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace, in the step S101, if mud pumping occurs after the second taphole is pumped, mud pumping needs to be performed again to seal the second taphole.
As a preferable scheme of the method for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace, after the step S400, the method further comprises a step S401 of repeating the steps S100 to S400 every preset time after the second taphole is in the rest period, so as to restore the depth of the second taphole to the preset value.
As a preferable mode of the method for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace, the depth of the second taphole after being increased is 3.4m to 3.6 m.
As a preferable scheme of the method for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace, when the second taphole is subjected to plugging and mud-removing for multiple times, the mud-removing amount of the mud-removing machine is gradually increased.
As a preferable scheme of the method for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace, before the step S100, the method further comprises a step S103 of testing the taphole equipment, ensuring the taphole equipment to operate normally, and arranging a safety tank below the second taphole.
As a preferable method for prolonging the life of the blast furnace, when the slag iron in the hearth is discharged completely and the first taphole is blown, the step S200 is restarted.
As a preferable method of extending the life of the blast furnace, in the step S100, the stemming is preheated to 35 to 60 ℃.
As a preferable method of extending the life of the blast furnace, in the step S100, the pugmill is preheated to 50 to 150 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) during the period that the second iron notch is in rest, the stemming is not baked and is easy to block, so that the stemming can not be beaten out by the stemming machine, and the stemming can keep softness and fluidity under certain heat through preheating the stemming and baking the machine body of the stemming machine, and the stemming machine is favorable for smoothly blocking the notch and beating the mud.
(2) Carry out the stifled mouth and beat mud to the second taphole in first taphole tapping later stage, the cinder iron in the furnace hearth discharges and forms the mud package more easily as the protective layer after clean, and through carrying out the stifled mouth and beat mud many times to the second taphole, the mud package can be attached to and build the height to improve the intensity of mud package.
(3) The mud bag is convexly arranged towards the inner center of the furnace hearth, so that the circular current at the edge of the furnace hearth can be blocked and weakened, the airflow fluctuation at the edge of the furnace hearth is reduced, the scouring of the circular current of the furnace hearth on the side wall of the taphole area of the blast furnace is effectively reduced, the taphole convection is increased, the activation of the center of the furnace hearth is facilitated, and the blast furnace can stably run forwards for a long time; and partial flushed and eroded mud bags can flow to the first iron notch from the second iron notch under the driving of the circular current of the furnace hearth, and a protective layer is formed on the side wall between the second iron notch and the first iron notch, so that the side wall between the iron notches is protected, and the service life of the blast furnace is prolonged.
Drawings
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for extending the life of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a first taphole; 2. a second taphole; 3. mud bagging; 4. a main trench.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a method for extending the life of a blast furnace, comprising the steps of:
and S100, providing stemming and a mud-beating machine, preheating the stemming, loading the preheated stemming into the mud-beating machine, and preheating the mud-beating machine to ensure the softness of the stemming, wherein the stemming is titanium-containing stemming.
Step S200, opening a second taphole 2 at the later tapping stage of a first taphole 1, and driving the stemming in the stemming machine into the second taphole 2 for plugging, wherein the first taphole 1 is a tapping taphole, and the second taphole 2 is a rest taphole;
step S300, after the stemming is sintered, withdrawing the mud-making machine from the second iron notch 2, and simultaneously baking the mud-making machine to prevent the stemming in the mud-making machine from being cooled and hardened;
and S400, repeating the step S100 and the step S200 until the depth of the second iron notch 2 reaches a preset value.
Wherein, during second iron notch 2 is in the pause, the stemming is not toasted and appears blocking phenomenon easily to make the mud beating machine beat the stemming, through preheating the stemming to and toast the fuselage of mud beating machine, can make the stemming keep compliance and mobility under certain heat, be favorable to the mud beating machine to block up a mouthful mud beating smoothly.
Carry out the closure and beat mud to second taphole 2 in first taphole 1 tapping later stage, be favorable to the stemming to form complete mud package 3 as the protective layer, in addition through carrying out the closure to second taphole 2 many times and beat mud, mud package 3 can be attached to and build the height to improve mud package 3's intensity.
The use of titanium-containing stemming is advantageous for forming a protective layer in the taphole area during the taphole rest period. Most of the titanium-containing stemming thrown into the iron tap hole during tapping is brought out of the iron furnace along with the washing and erosion of molten iron from inside to outside, and part of the titanium-containing stemming can be deposited on the periphery of the iron tap hole; under the condition of no tapping, part of corroded or flushed titanium-containing stemming flows to the tapping slow taphole from rest under the driving of the circular current of the furnace cylinder, and a titanium-containing protective layer can be well formed in the side wall area between the rest taphole and the tapping taphole, so that the side wall protection between the tapholes is enhanced, and the service life of the blast furnace is prolonged.
Specifically, the stemming is preheated to 35-60 ℃.
Specifically, the machine body of the mud beater is preheated to 50-150 ℃ by using small fire.
Preferably, when the slag iron in the hearth is discharged completely and the first taphole 1 is blown, the step S200 is started again, and the mud plugging and mud beating are performed at this time to facilitate the formation of the mud bag 3.
Preferably, before the step S100, the method further includes a step S103 of performing a machine test on the taphole equipment to ensure that the taphole equipment normally operates, and setting a safety tank behind the main channel below the second taphole 2. Through setting up the safety can, can accept the molten iron that flows when the shutoff is beaten the mud in-process and is unusual to improve the security of operation.
Specifically, the number of the safety tanks is 1-2.
In the example, when the second taphole 2 is subjected to plugging and mud beating for multiple times, the mud beating amount of the mud beating machine is sequentially increased.
In this embodiment, the specific steps of multiple plugging and mud-beating include:
and S101, testing the iron notch equipment to ensure the normal operation of the iron notch equipment, and arranging a safety tank below the first iron notch 1.
Step S102, providing stemming and a mud-beating machine, preheating the stemming to keep the stemming at 35-60 ℃, loading the stemming into the mud-beating machine after preheating, and baking the mud-beating machine to soften the stemming;
step S103, in the later stage of tapping of the first taphole 1, when slag iron in the furnace hearth is completely discharged and the second taphole 2 is blown by wind, opening the second taphole 2 for the first time, and driving the stemming in the stemming machine into the second taphole 2 for plugging, wherein the stemming amount is 1/3 of the preset stemming amount, and the preset stemming amount is 600 kg.
S104, preheating and baking the stemming for 0.5h by using a blast furnace, withdrawing the stemming machine from a second iron notch after the stemming is sintered, and simultaneously preheating the body of the stemming machine to 50-150 ℃ by using small fire;
s105, loading mud for the second time after the mud-ramming machine is withdrawn, and preheating the body of the mud-ramming machine by using small fire again to keep the mud-ramming machine soft all the time so as to facilitate mud-ramming;
step S106, in the later period of next tapping of the first taphole 1, when slag iron in the hearth is completely discharged and the first taphole 1 is blown by wind, opening the second taphole 2 for the second time, and driving the stemming in the stemming machine into the second taphole 2 for plugging, wherein the stemming amount is 2/3 of the preset stemming amount;
s107, preheating and baking the stemming for 0.5h by using a blast furnace, withdrawing the stemming machine from the second iron notch 2 after the stemming is sintered, and simultaneously preheating the body of the stemming machine to 50-150 ℃ by using small fire;
step S108, mud loading is carried out for the third time after the mud-beater is withdrawn, and the machine body of the mud-beater is preheated by using soft fire again;
and S109, in the later period of next tapping of the first taphole 1, when slag iron in the hearth is completely discharged and the first taphole 1 is blown by wind, opening the second taphole 2 for the third time, and driving stemming in the stemming machine into the second taphole for plugging, wherein the stemming amount is the same as the preset stemming amount.
And S110, measuring the depth of the second iron notch 2, stopping the blocking and mud-beating when the depth of the second iron notch 2 reaches a preset value, and continuing the blocking and mud-beating operation if the depth of the second iron notch 2 does not reach the preset value.
Specifically, the normal depth of the second taphole 2 is 3.4m to 3.6m, and the preset value exceeds 80% of the normal depth of the second taphole 2.
For example, before the step S100, the method further includes:
s101, when the blast furnace is turned down, namely after the main runner 4 finishes one round of tapping and the main runner 4 needs to be replaced, a stemming machine is used for plugging the taphole according to the maximum stemming amount so as to increase the depth of the taphole, so that the taphole is converted into a rest taphole, and the deep repair operation of the taphole is facilitated;
and step S102, after a preset time interval, starting step S100, wherein the preset time is the time for the mud drum 3 of the second taphole 2 to be completely eroded. After the mud bag 3 of second iron notch 2 is corroded completely, in time carry out the stifled mouthful mud operation of beating to second iron notch 2 again, can avoid frequently carrying out stifled mouthful mud operation of beating, reduce cost.
In the present embodiment, the maximum amount of sludge is 800kg, so that the increased depth of the second taphole 2 reaches the normal depth; the preset time is 7 days.
In other embodiments, the preset time is specifically set according to the time when the baglets 3 of different blast furnaces are completely eroded.
Further, after the mud-removing machine withdraws from the taphole, the second taphole 2 generates a bubbling phenomenon, and the second taphole 2 needs to be opened to carry out the plugging mud-removing operation again.
Illustratively, after the step S400, the method further includes the step S401, after the second taphole 2 is in the quiescent period, and after the mud pack of the second taphole 2 is completely eroded every preset time interval, repeating the operations from the step S100 to the step S400 for plugging and mud-removing for a plurality of times, so as to restore the depth of the second taphole 2 to the preset value, and avoid that the molten iron directly erodes and erodes the side wall of the blast furnace taphole area after the mud pack 3 of the second taphole 2 is completely eroded.
Specifically, before the second taphole 2 is converted from the rest taphole to the tapping taphole, the plugging and mud-beating operations from step S100 to step S400 are performed to ensure that the tapping operation is performed after the depth of the second taphole 2 reaches a preset value. The design can effectively avoid the protection that the taphole with smaller depth does not have the mud bag 3, and the high-temperature slag iron directly erodes the side wall of the taphole area to cause the temperature of the side wall of the taphole area to rise rapidly, thereby being beneficial to prolonging the service life of the blast furnace.
In the description herein, it is to be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for convenience in description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have any special meaning.
In the description herein, references to the description of "an embodiment," "an example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, and these embodiments will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of extending the life of a blast furnace, comprising the steps of:
step S100, providing stemming and a mud-beating machine, preheating the stemming, loading the stemming into the mud-beating machine after preheating, and preheating the mud-beating machine to ensure the softness of the stemming;
step S200, opening a second taphole at the later stage of tapping of a first taphole, and driving the stemming in the stemming machine into the second taphole for plugging, wherein the first taphole is a tapping taphole, and the second taphole is a stopping taphole;
step S300, after the stemming is sintered, withdrawing the mud making machine;
and S400, repeating the step S100 to the step S300 until the depth of the second iron notch reaches a preset value.
2. The method for extending the life of a blast furnace according to claim 1, further comprising, before said step S100:
step S101, when the blast furnace is turned down, the stemming is used for plugging the second taphole according to the maximum stemming amount so as to increase the depth of the second taphole and enable the second taphole to be converted into a rest taphole from a taphole;
and S102, after the preset time interval, starting the step S100, wherein the preset time is the time for completely eroding the bale of the second taphole.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in step S101, if mud bleeding occurs after the second taphole is tapped, mud needs to be tapped again to plug the second taphole.
4. The method for prolonging the life of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein after the step S400, the method further comprises a step S401 of repeating the steps S100 to S400 every preset time after the second taphole is in a rest period, so as to restore the depth of the second taphole to a preset value.
5. The method for extending the life of a blast furnace according to claim 2, wherein the increased depth of the second taphole is 3.4m to 3.6 m.
6. The method for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mud-pumping amount of the mud-pumping machine is increased gradually when the second taphole is subjected to plugging and mud-pumping for a plurality of times.
7. The method for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein before the step S100, the method further comprises a step S103 of testing the taphole equipment, ensuring the taphole equipment to operate normally, and arranging a safety tank below the second taphole.
8. The method for extending the life of a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein said step S200 is restarted when the slag iron in the hearth is discharged cleanly and the first taphole is blown.
9. The method for extending the life of a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the stemming is preheated to 35-60 ℃ in the step S100.
10. The method for extending the life of a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the pugmill is preheated to 50-150 ℃ in the step S100.
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| CN116254378A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-06-13 | 湖南华菱涟源钢铁有限公司 | Method for switching blast furnace iron notch |
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