CN114574542A - 瘤胃球菌微生物群评估生物年龄的用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出一种瘤胃球菌微生物群评估生物年龄或生物老化的用途,所述瘤胃球菌微生物群包括Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的R.flavefaciens种、R.albus种、和R.bromii种;以及Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种;以及Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris种、和R.obeum种,从生物学角度为评估生物年龄或衰弱提供了途径。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及衰老及“生物老化(衰弱)”相关的多种瘤胃球菌微生物群,从菌种水平聚焦瘤胃菌科及瘤胃球菌属的多种微生物,提出多种瘤胃球菌微生物群联合可以预测生物年龄,具体涉及瘤胃球菌微生物群评估生物年龄的用途。
背景技术
由于性别、遗传、疾病状态、生活方式、经济状况等因素存在,老龄化结局存在较大的异质性。相较于生理年龄,用来衡量“生物年龄”的衰弱(frailty)得到了越来越多的关注。
衰弱(frailty)是指由于多系统累积损伤导致生理储备功能减退、对应激源易感性增加、抗应激能力减退的一种非健康加速衰老状态。衰弱显著增加老年人跌倒、失能、残疾、谵妄和住院的风险,对老年人预期寿命构成重大威胁。相同年龄的人出现不良后果或预期寿命缩短的风险并不相同,衰弱可以帮助衡量同龄人死亡及不良后果风险的异质性,关注衰弱对促进高危人群的健康老龄化具有重要意义。衰弱具有动态性、可逆性、异质性、复杂性、长期性等特点,早期识别、正确评估衰弱对其诊断和护理具有重要意义。
衰弱具有动态性、可逆性、异质性、复杂性、长期性等特点,早期识别、正确评估衰弱对其诊断和护理具有重要意义。肠道微生物是存在于人体肠道中的微生物群落,是人体的“第二基因组”。微生物群落与宿主及环境之间存在着相互依存和相互制约的复杂调控网络关系。菌群及其代谢物可能会导致粘膜通透性增加、微生物产物易位、先天性和适应性免疫失调以及全身炎症状态加剧,影响炎症及免疫稳态,其组成及功能的变化与“生物年龄”密切相关,肠道菌群有望成为生物年龄评估的非侵入式检测手段。
人体肠道微生物分布主要以厚壁菌、拟杆菌、变形菌和梭杆菌为主,并受遗传、饮食、环境等因素调控。根据肠道优势菌种类的不同,可划分为三种肠型,瘤胃球菌(Ruminococcus),是肠道微生物群落的核心菌种,瘤胃球菌型(Ruminococcus)也被认为是第三大肠型,多见于全谷物、水果、蔬菜等植物性饮食人群。瘤胃球菌科是在哺乳动物肠道环境中发现的梭菌目中最丰富的家族之一,是肠道环境中最丰富的厚壁菌科,占系统发育30%-50%,并与维持肠道健康有关。发明人通过动物模型发现,瘤胃球菌的丰度与小鼠的生物老化(衰弱)密切相关,有望成为区分“生物老化”的微生物群,但目前国内外尚未见报道,且缺乏从生物信息学数据的角度对菌群-生物老化影响的探讨。
发明内容
针对上述发现,本发明提出瘤胃球菌微生物群评估生物年龄或生物老化的用途。
进一步的,所述瘤胃球菌微生物群包括:
瘤胃球菌科瘤胃球菌属R.flavefaciens,R.albus R.bromii;
以及,瘤胃球菌科粪杆菌属F.prausnitzii;
以及;毛螺菌科瘤胃球菌属R.obeum,R.gnavus,R.lactaris菌群。
具体的,所述瘤胃球菌微生物群包括:
Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的R.flavefaciens种、R.albus 种,和R.bromii种;
以及Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris 种、和R.obeum种;
以及Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种。
进一步的,本发明还提出,Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的R.flavefaciens种、R.albus种、和R.bromii种;以及Lachnospiraceae 科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris种、和R.obeum种,以及Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种,与性别、有无疾病、疾病种类、是否抗生素使用、是否吸烟、地域分布因子共同用于预测、评估生物年龄或生物老化。
具体的,Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的R.flavefaciens 种、R.albus种、和R.bromii种;
及Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种;
及Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris 种、和R.obeum种与性别、有无疾病、疾病种类、是否抗生素使用、是否吸烟、地域分布因子共同用于预测、评估生物年龄或生物老化。
有益效果:
1、解决了无法客观评估生物年龄(衰弱)或生物老化的难题,从生物学角度为评估生物年龄或衰弱或老化提供了途径。
2、本发明选取ExperimentHub R库中MetagenomicData存储库数据,下载来自不同研究的10199个人类微生物组丰度信息及实验方案、疾病状态、年龄、性别、抗生素使用情况、地区(或国家)、吸烟情况等多种样本信息,首次考虑在大样本及不同疾病状态等条件下生物年龄与瘤胃球菌的关系,提出瘤胃球菌微生物群评估生物年龄的用途,具有较强的推广及应用性。
3、目前对菌群的研究多将同一个分类单元例如“属”或者“科”里的细菌的序列全部合并在一起,用分类单元的丰度与疾病进行相关分析。然而同一个分类单元里面的细菌生态学行为异质性极大。本发明首次聚焦瘤胃球菌微生物群菌种,不仅为关键功能菌的分离和机制验证等提供依据,更是提出了Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的R.flavefaciens种、R.albus种、和R.bromii种;以及Ruminococcaceae 科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种;以及Lachnospiraceae科 Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris种、和R.obeum种;用于评估生物年龄的用途,具有较大临床意义。
附图说明
图1为构建生物老化时钟瘤胃球菌微生物群流程示意图;
图2为衰弱个体(小鼠)和健康对照个体(小鼠)的粪便样本中的微生物的丰度的差异图。
具体实施方式
本发明提出瘤胃球菌微生物群评估生物年龄的用途。
进一步的,所述瘤胃球菌微生物群包括所述瘤胃球菌微生物群包括瘤胃菌科瘤胃球菌属R.flavefaciens,R.albus R.bromii,R.albus;瘤胃球菌科粪杆菌属F.prausnitzii,及毛螺菌科瘤胃球菌属R.obeum, R.gnavus,R.lactaris菌群。
具体的,所述瘤胃球菌微生物群包括Ruminococcaceae科 Ruminococcus属的R.flavefaciens种、R.albus种、和R.bromii种;
以及,Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、 R.lactaris种,和R.obeum种;
以及,Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种。
进一步的,本发明还提出,瘤胃菌科瘤胃球菌属R.flavefaciens, R.albusR.bromii,R.albus;瘤胃球菌科粪杆菌属F.prausnitzii,及毛螺菌科瘤胃球菌属R.obeum,R.gnavus,R.lactaris菌群,与性别、有无疾病、疾病种类、是否抗生素使用、是否吸烟、地域分布因子共同用于预测、评估生物年龄(衰弱)或生物老化。
具体的,Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的R.flavefaciens 种、R.albus种、和R.bromii种;
以及Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris 种、和R.obeum种;
以及Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种;
与性别、有无疾病、疾病种类、是否抗生素使用、是否吸烟、地域分布因子共同用于预测、评估生物年龄(衰弱)或生物老化。
实施例1:对于瘤胃球菌微生物群是否能够用于评估生物年龄,申请人进行了验证,如图1所示:
S1,逐步线性回归构建瘤胃球菌-生物年龄模型。
所述瘤胃球菌-生物年龄模型,使用分步线性回归等多种统计方法识别最相关影响因素,通过公式:
Y=β0+β1X1+β2X2+……+βiXi+e
拟合相关变量,其中预测变量选取了公共数据库中全部瘤胃球菌微生物群及全部样本信息;其中,
Y是年龄(因变量);
Xi表示K个相关影响因素如瘤胃球菌菌群丰度等(自变量)(其中1≤i≤k);
βi为计算的自变量的回归系数;
β0是偏移值的预测变量;
e是残差项;
在每个拟合步骤中,根据某个预先确定的统计标准(包括调整后的R2,标准差(standard error(SE)),平均调整偏差(MAPE),预计残差平方和(PRESS)等)采取一系列F检验或t检验的形式,将变量添加到一组解释变量中或从一组解释变量中减去(包括正向和反向逐步回归)。
将自变量逐个引人,引入的条件是其偏回归平方和经检验后是显著的。同时,每引入一个新的自变量后,要对旧的自变量逐个检验,剔除偏回归平方和不显著的自变量,这样一直边引入边剔除,直到既无新变量引人也无旧变量删除为止,它的实质是建立“最优”的多元线性回归方程。
构建的瘤胃球菌-生物年龄模型是一种拟合回归模型,该拟合回归模型是一种现有技术,本实施例只是将该模型应用在瘤胃球菌-生物年龄模型上,用于验证瘤胃球菌微生物群是否能够用于评估生物年龄,本发明并未对拟合回归模型进行创新,关于拟合回归模型的原理参见CN111967689A号专利。
S2,筛选出瘤胃球菌作为生物年龄相关微生物群。
所述瘤胃球菌包括表1中的科、属、种。
表1菌群数据集中所包含的瘤胃球菌系统发育树
S3,选取ExperimentHub R库中MetagenomicData存储库数据,下载来自不同研究的10199个人类微生物组丰度信息及实验方案、疾病状态、年龄、性别、抗生素使用情况、地区(或国家)、吸烟情况、饮酒情况等多种样本信息。
S4,对数据进行合并和预处理。
通过数据合并、变量处理、异常值处理,获得瘤胃球菌各菌种的相对丰度及样本信息。
S5,将步骤S4获得的瘤胃球菌各菌种的相对丰度及样本信息,作为分步线性回归(Stepwise Regression)输入变量,输入S1建立的瘤胃球菌-生物年龄模型,瘤胃球菌-生物年龄模型给出模型摘要、模型显著性、输出变量及模型系数;
所述分步线性回归输入变量见表2
表2分步线性回归输入变量
瘤胃球菌-生物年龄模型给出的模型摘要见表3
表3模型摘要
从表3模型摘要可以看出:表中的R为相关系数,R2为决定系数,Adjusted R2(即调整后R2)为校正决定系数,用来评估回归模型对因变量的解释度。如表3所示,R2=0.576,表示回归模型可以解释因变量(年龄)的方差的57.6%,拟合性良好。
瘤胃球菌-生物年龄模型给出的模型显著性见表4
表4模型显著性
如表4所示,显著性为0.000,说明回归模型有统计学意义。
瘤胃球菌-生物年龄模型给出的输出变量及模型系数见表5
表5输出变量及模型系数
从表5中可以看出:
瘤胃球菌微生物群中的Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的 R.flavefaciens种、R.albus种、和R.bromii种;
以及,Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、 R.lactaris种、和R.obeum种;
以及Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种;
与生物年龄相关。
从表5中还可以看出:
Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的R.flavefaciens种、 R.albus种,和R.bromii种;
以及,Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、 R.lactaris种、和R.obeum种;
以及,Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种;
与性别、有无疾病、疾病种类、是否抗生素使用、是否吸烟、地域分布因子与生物年龄相关。
为了更清楚地揭示Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的 R.flavefaciens种、R.albus种和R.bromii种;
以及,Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris种、和R.obeum种;
以及,Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种与生物年龄相关,课题组对表5进行了整理,整理出瘤胃球菌微生物分类及模型纳入信息,见表6
表6瘤胃球菌微生物分类及模型纳入信息
从表6标准化β和显著性中可以看出:
Ruminococcaceae科Ruminococcus属的R.flavefaciens种、 R.albus种,和R.bromii种;
以及Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris 种、和R.obeum种;
以及Ruminococcaceae科Faecalibacterium属的F.prausnitzii种;
与生物年龄相关。
实施例2:
课题组在衰弱的评估和干预上取得了一定成果:利用动物模型筛选出衰弱的生物标记物瘤胃球菌。
前期构建衰弱小鼠模型;
首先,计算衰弱个体(小鼠)和健康对照个体(小鼠)的粪便样本中的微生物的丰度的差异,发现衰弱小鼠菌群中瘤胃球菌显著变化 (见图2)。
但由于使用了16sRNA测序方法,和目前对菌群的多数研究一样,并未聚焦到菌种,而是将同一个分类单元例如“属”或者“科”里的细菌的序列全部合并在一起,然而同一个分类单元里面的细菌生态学行为会异质性较大,因此本发明选取公共数据库中使用IlluminaHiSeq 测序的菌群数据集,首次聚焦瘤胃球菌微生物群菌种,可为关键功能菌的分离和机制验证等提供依据,具有较大临床意义。
Claims (3)
1.瘤胃球菌微生物群评估生物年龄或生物老化的用途。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于所述瘤胃球菌微生物群包括:
Ruminococcaceae 科Ruminococcus 属的R.flavefaciens种、R.albus种、和R.bromii种;以及Ruminococcaceae 科Faecalibacterium 属的F.prausnitzii种;以及Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris种、和R.obeum种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于:Ruminococcaceae 科Ruminococcus 属的R.flavefaciens种、R.albus种、和R.bromii种;以及Ruminococcaceae 科Faecalibacterium 属的F.prausnitzii种;以及Lachnospiraceae科Ruminococcus属的R.gnavus种、R.lactaris种、和R.obeum种,与性别、有无疾病、疾病种类、是否抗生素使用、是否吸烟、地域分布因子共同用于预测、评估生物年龄或生物老化。
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