CN114574251B - Grading regulation and control configuration method for all-organic mixed waste charging raw materials of gasification furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a graded regulation and control configuration method of gasifier full-organic mixed waste charging raw materials. The industrial organic waste contains a large amount of organic matters with different phase states, densities, forms and physical and chemical properties, before entering a high-temperature gasification furnace for resource utilization, the organic matters need to be subjected to preparation processes such as grading pretreatment, homogenization and accurate regulation, and the main process comprises the following steps: detecting the property and elements of industrial organic wastes, pretreating wastes in different phases, mixing organic waste mixtures, detecting and adjusting the property of the organic waste mixtures, solving the standard and abnormal conditions of the organic waste mixtures entering a furnace and the like. The invention provides a scientific and efficient preparation method for realizing resource utilization of industrial organic wastes through a high-temperature melting gasifier.

Description

A hierarchical regulation and configuration method for the raw materials of all organic mixed waste into the gasification furnace

technical field

The invention relates to a method for hierarchical control and configuration of all organic mixed waste into the furnace raw materials of a gasification furnace, which belongs to the solid waste resource utilization technology.

Background technique

Industrial organic waste refers to substances in different phases such as solid, liquid, semi-solid and semi-liquid containing organic components discharged from industrial production. The existing industrial organic waste treatment technologies include reduction treatment technology, harmless disposal technology, and resource utilization technology. Reduction treatment technology mainly uses physical or chemical treatment methods to reduce the volume or weight of waste, with the purpose of reducing the pressure on the back-end treatment.

At present, the rotary kiln incineration technology is a common technology for the harmless disposal of organic waste. Due to the need to add energy during the treatment process, the requirements for different phases such as solid and liquid are relatively loose, and the standard for furnace treatment is relatively low. The actual production process In addition to adjusting the content of inorganic salts and halogen-containing organic substances in the incoming materials, there is no need for complex and fine adjustments to the calorific value, ash melting point, fluidity, and viscosity to meet the furnace requirements, and the configuration process is relatively simple. Coal-water slurry gasification co-processing organic waste technology is an emerging solid waste resource utilization technology in recent years. Its main feature is the process of using organic solid waste to partially replace coal-based coal-water slurry. The preparation of slurry must meet the national standard (GB/ T31426-2015) gasification coal-water slurry requirements for slurry, the main indicators include concentration, ash, particle size, chlorine content, arsenic content, mercury content, etc. Coal-water slurry gasification synergy technology still uses coal as the main raw material for coal-water slurry gasification, and the proportion of solid waste is relatively low. Organic solid waste has little impact on the overall performance of coal-water slurry. Therefore, the control of various indicators in the configuration process is relatively difficult Simple, no need to step through multiple methods to meet the indicator requirements.

It is a newly invented technology that utilizes all industrial organic waste as the raw material of the gasifier to achieve harmless and resource recovery under the conditions of high temperature gasification and melting. Pretreatment, multi-element control, multi-component homogeneity, and the mixture after precise compatibility meets the relevant standard requirements for the configuration of raw materials into the furnace. Due to the characteristics of complex chemical composition and various types of organic waste, the standards for entering the furnace are relatively complicated, and at the same time, there are certain correlations and constraints among various indicators, so the allocation method is relatively complicated and the workload is cumbersome. This patent first conducts reasonable hierarchical control on the requirements of each index in the furnace standard, and determines the satisfaction order of each index, so as to quickly and easily obtain the target formula to meet the needs of actual production. Compared with the configuration of traditional coal-water slurry slurry, the present invention does not need to pay attention to the influence on the properties of coal slurry, and fully utilizes the complex and diverse characteristics of organic hazardous waste components. The steps of the classification configuration process are clear, the process is simple, and each step is operable. and efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The present invention utilizes all industrial organic wastes for gasification and configuration of furnace raw materials, and the raw materials do not contain any fossil energy. The method provides a new idea, new process and new process for the hierarchical configuration of all industrial organic wastes. The industrial organic waste specified in this invention refers to the solid waste and liquid waste produced in the process of industrial production and use containing two or more elements of C and H, such as organic waste liquid, organic waste water, organic solvent, rectification residue, Waste activated carbon, pharmaceutical residues, waste rubber, waste circuit boards, waste tires, etc. Industrial organic waste needs to be pretreated and analyzed before gasification treatment. The main process is divided into three stages: classified pretreatment of industrial organic waste, analysis and measurement of physical and chemical properties of industrial organic waste, and control and configuration of gasification raw materials.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Before high-temperature gasification treatment of industrial organic waste, it needs to be pretreated by classification to make it a homogeneous and stable state. The present invention firstly provides a hierarchical regulation and configuration method for all-organic mixed waste into the gasification furnace raw materials, which specifically includes the following steps:

1) Conduct phase analysis of the industrial organic waste to be treated; perform corresponding pretreatment on the industrial organic waste according to the phase state;

2) The physical and chemical properties of various industrial organic wastes after pretreatment are tested;

3) Screen the raw material formulations of the detected industrial organic wastes to meet the requirements of the gasifier;

4) The regulated gasification raw material is sent into the gasification furnace for gasification, and the gasification furnace only uses industrial organic waste as the only input material for gasification.

As a preferred version of the present invention, the step 1) is specifically: industrial organic waste is divided into three states: non-viscous solid, viscous solid, and liquid according to the phase, and according to the phase state, the industrial organic waste Carry out corresponding preprocessing;

Among them, the non-viscous solid waste is crushed and ground to control the particle size between 20 mesh and 300 mesh, and the ground solid powder is stored for use;

The liquid organic waste is dereactive through mutual reaction, tempered and neutralized, and after filtering and standing still, the liquids of each layer are stored in different raw material tanks according to the stratification situation for use;

If the viscous solid waste can be allowed to stand for stratification, the upper liquid will be treated as liquid organic waste; the lower viscous solid or viscous solid waste that cannot be allowed to stand for stratification will be pulped for later use;

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the pretreatment process of liquid organic waste is specifically as follows: liquid organic waste is classified into two categories: organic solvent and waste water; liquid organic waste is first filtered and then entered into different storage tanks according to the production source for use; The liquid organic wastes of organic solvents in each storage tank react with each other in the organic solvent reactor to remove reactivity; the liquid organic wastes of waste water in each storage tank react with each other in the wastewater reactor to neutralize each other; the organic solvent reactor The liquid reacted with the waste water reactor is filtered and sent to the organic solvent middle tank and the waste water middle tank respectively, the liquid in the organic solvent middle tank and the waste water middle tank is left still, and the waste water is sent to the waste water raw material tank; the organic solvent is left still Stratification occurs, and the organic solvents of each layer are transported to different organic solvent raw material tanks for storage.

Furthermore, during the process of transporting the organic solvent from the intermediate tank to the raw material tank, the mass flow meter is used to judge the stratification phenomenon. If the mass flow meter shows an increase or decrease of 10% during the transport process, the stratified transport is considered to be completed. Stop conveying to the corresponding raw material tank, and stir and homogenize the liquid organic waste in the raw material tank for use.

Further, the pretreatment process of viscous solid waste is as follows:

If the viscous solid waste can be stratified, the upper liquid will be treated as liquid organic waste; the viscous solid waste in the lower layer or the viscous solid waste that cannot be stratified will be shredded by a mechanical shredder. The shredded solid waste enters the closed conveyor belt, and is cleaned with the liquid organic waste in the organic solvent raw material tank or the waste water raw material tank. The selection of the raw material tank is based on the solubility of the viscous solid; The solid is used as a slurry for stirring; the cleaned packaging barrel fragments and plastic fragments can be treated as solid organic waste after being collected and washed, and the iron flakes can be used for smelting after being collected and washed.

As a preferred version of the present invention, described step 2) is specifically:

After pretreatment, each industrial organic waste needs to be checked for calorific value, ash melting point, moisture content, viscosity, chlorine content, phosphorus content, fluorine content, sulfur content, ash chemical composition, ash content, heavy metal content, solubility characteristics, reaction characteristics, Among them, the organic solvent does not need to measure the ash melting point, ash chemical composition and ash content, and the solid powder does not need to measure the viscosity.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the detected organic waste needs to be configured as the raw material for the furnace, and the raw material for the furnace needs to meet the following requirements: the total calorific value of the raw material is 15kJ/g-25kJ/g, the ash melting point of the raw material is 800°C-1200 ℃, the viscosity of the raw material should be less than 800mPa s, the moisture content of the raw material should be 10% to 30%, the total chlorine content of the raw material should be less than 10%, the organic chlorine content should be less than 6%, the total sulfur content of the raw material should be less than 8%, the raw material should contain total fluorine content should be less than 6%; raw material ash element composition should meet: silicon content should be 5%-50%, phosphorus content should be less than 10%, aluminum content should be 5%-15%, iron content should be less than 10%, sodium content should be less than 40% %, calcium content is 10%-50%;

As a preferred version of the present invention, the process of screening the formula of the raw materials into the furnace comprises the following steps:

8.1) Screening of formula ratio

8.1.1) Take various solid wastes to be treated or viscous solid wastes and mix them into the wastewater respectively. When the viscosity of the mixed solution is 800mPa·s, record the doping amount of each substance and the mass percentage of the wastewater; the percentage is Subsequent uniform experiment table sets the upper limit reference value of the parallel gradient of each substance and wastewater ratio;

8.1.2) Measure the ash melting point of all substances except wastewater and organic solvents, and classify the substances with the ash melting point at 1200°C; Control its percentage content and reduce its parallel gradient design value. In the actual operation process, to deal with substances with ash melting point higher than 1200 ℃, the initial value of parallel gradient is set to 0%, and the difference between parallel gradients should not be greater than 2%. Ash melting point Substances below 1200 °C do not need to be required for the process of parallel gradient setting;

8.1.3) According to the number of types of hazardous waste to be treated, select the corresponding uniform formula test table; at the same time, set the mixing ratio of wastewater and preliminary formula to 1:1; in the parallel gradient in the uniform formula test table, refer to steps 8.1.1) and 8.1. 2) The scope is set up. According to the requirements of the uniform test table, fill in the content ratio of each substance. The final index of the uniform test table requires that the ash content of the formula is 800°C-1200°C, and the viscosity of the formula should be less than 800mPa.s; according to each formula inspect it;

8.1.4) The uniform formula test table screens out the required formula ratio range, and analyzes the influence of each substance on the properties of the formula at the same time, so as to understand the adjustment direction of the formula preparation process; the following situations will appear in the formula screening process: 1. Screen the formula Tables all meet the requirements; 2. The formula table partially meets the requirements; 3. The formula table does not meet the requirements; among them, when situation 1 or situation 2 occurs, directly enter step 8.1.5); if situation 3 occurs, no formula meets the requirements Set the requirements, then analyze the indicators that do not meet the requirements. If there are many unsatisfied situations in the viscosity in the property indicators, adjust the configuration ratio of the formula and wastewater to increase the proportion of wastewater; The parallel gradient value of substances with high ash melting point is reduced, the content of substances with high ash melting point is reduced, and screening is carried out again; until it meets condition 1 or condition 2;

8.1.5) Determine the chemical composition of the ash from the formula after preliminary screening, and judge whether the various data of the ash meet the specified requirements of the incoming raw materials; if the chemical composition of the ash meets the specified requirements, the formula can be used as a formula for industrial configuration; if the chemical composition of the formula ash If it is not satisfied, analyze its chemical composition, determine the key components that affect the index, and reduce or increase the component content; the adjustment range is the range of the formula test in the uniform test table screening, and the preliminary formula of the raw materials into the furnace is determined through adjustment;

8.1.6) Measure the calorific value of the raw material for the preliminary formula of the raw material in the furnace again, and determine the content of the organic solvent to be added through average calculation according to the calorific value, and adjust the calorific value data of the raw material in the furnace; table, determine the amount of each substance, obtain the final screened formula ratio, and prepare materials;

8.2) Configuration of the raw material mixture in the furnace

According to the formula ratio screened in step 8.1), according to the order of waste water, cohesive solid and non-cohesive solid powder, waste water, cohesive solid and non-cohesive solid powder are input into the stirring tank for full stirring; the organic solvent and the stirring tank are stirred during the transportation process The raw materials can be input into the gasification furnace independently, or they can be mixed in a mixer and then input into the gasification furnace together. The amount of organic solvent is also determined by the ratio of the formula screened in step 8.1).

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a hierarchical regulation and configuration method for all-organic mixed waste into furnace raw materials. The configuration method includes sample pretreatment, formula screening and industrial sample configuration. In the process of formula screening, each index is reasonably graded to determine the order of satisfaction of each index, so that the target formula can be quickly and easily obtained to meet the needs of actual production. While reducing the requirements of the configuration process, the operability and efficiency of each step are realized.

Compared with the configuration of the slurry in the coal-water slurry gasification co-processing hazardous waste technology, the present invention does not need to pay attention to the influence on the properties of the coal slurry, and fully utilizes the complex and diverse characteristics of the organic hazardous waste components. The hierarchical configuration process has a clear structure and a simple process. In the case of complex requirements for setting indicators, accurate adjustment and analysis of various indicators are carried out. In order to realize the efficient treatment of all organic waste.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of industrial organic waste treatment of the present invention.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1, the hierarchical control and allocation method of the gasification furnace all-organic mixed waste into the furnace raw material of the present invention can be implemented according to the following steps:

According to the phase, industrial organic waste is divided into three states: non-viscous solid, viscous solid and liquid. According to the phase state, the industrial organic waste is pretreated accordingly;

Non-viscous solids are generally transported in ton bags, and the bagged solid waste enters the unpacking machine for unpacking, and the packaging bags are recycled. Large pieces of solid waste enter the crusher for crushing, and then grind after crushing. Small pieces of solid waste are directly ground. The particle size of solid waste after grinding is controlled at 20 mesh to 300 mesh. The ground solid waste (solid powder) is stored for use.

Before liquid organic waste enters the storage tank, it needs to be filtered to control the content of suspended solids in liquid organic waste below 20mg/L. The filtered liquid organic solvents are stored in different storage tanks according to the production sources. The liquids in different storage tanks are charged into the organic solvent reactor or waste water reactor according to the type for reaction. In the wastewater reactor, the wastewater with different pH values is used to react and neutralize each other, adjust the pH value of the wastewater to be neutral, and remove part of the reactivity of the wastewater during the reaction process, and filter the high-concentration wastewater after the reaction to remove the reaction process The suspended solids produced in the waste water should be controlled to be less than 20mg/L. The filtered waste water enters the waste water intermediate tank to stand still, and then enters the waste water raw material tank for use. After removing part of the reactivity of the organic solvent in the organic solvent reactor, filter and control the content of suspended solids in the organic solvent after the reaction to be less than 20mg/L, and the filtered organic solvent enters the middle tank of the organic solvent for standing. Stratification will occur during the standing process of the liquid organic solvent. Each layer of liquid is transported to different organic solvent raw material tanks for storage. The mass flow meter is used to judge the stratification phenomenon during the transport process. If the mass flow meter reads the If it rises or falls by 10%, it is considered that the layered conveying is completed and the conveying to the corresponding raw material tank is stopped. The liquid organic waste in the raw material tank is stirred and homogenized for use.

If the viscous solid can be separated by standing, the upper liquid will be treated as liquid organic waste. The viscous solid in the lower layer or the viscous solid that cannot be layered will enter the shredder to shred it, and the shredded solid waste will enter the closed conveyor belt, and it will be cleaned with the liquid organic waste in the raw material tank. The choice of the tank is selected according to the solubility of the viscous solid. The viscous solid after cleaning is used as a slurry for stirring. The cleaned packaging fragments and plastic fragments are treated as solid organic waste, and the iron fragments are collected and washed for smelting.

The pretreated organic waste is divided into four states: organic solvent, high-concentration wastewater, solid powder, and slurry. Check their properties separately. The detection index is as follows Table 1

Table 1 Detection table of properties of substances to be treated

sample Organic solvents High concentration wastewater solid powder slurry Calorific value (kJ/g) √ √ √ √ Ash melting point (℃) ╳ √ √ √ Moisture content (%) √ √ √ √ Viscosity (mPa·s) √ √ ╳ √ Chlorine content (%) √ √ √ √ Phosphorus content (%) √ √ √ √ Fluorine content (%) √ √ √ √ Sulfur content (%) √ √ √ √ Ash Chemical Composition ╳ √ √ √ Ash content (%) ╳ √ √ √ Heavy metal content (‰) √ √ √ √ Dissolution properties √ √ √ √ pH value √ √ √ √

The detected organic waste needs to be configured as the raw material for the furnace, and the raw material for the furnace must meet the following requirements: the total calorific value of the raw material is 15kJ/g~25kJ/g, the ash melting point of the raw material is 800°C~1200°C, and the viscosity of the raw material should be less than 800mPa s. The moisture content of raw materials is 10% to 30%, the total chlorine content of raw materials should be less than 10%, the organic chlorine content should be less than 6%, the total sulfur content of raw materials should be less than 8%, and the total fluorine content of raw materials should be less than 6%; The composition of ash elements should meet the following requirements: silicon content is 5%-50%, phosphorus content is less than 10%, aluminum content is 5%-15%, iron content is less than 10%, sodium content is less than 40%, and calcium content is 10%. -50%;

The following steps are carried out in the screening process of the formula of the raw material into the furnace: 1) screening of the formula ratio; 2) configuration of the mixed liquid of the raw material into the furnace.

1) Screening of formula ratio

In the formula screening process, various indicators are controlled hierarchically, and each indicator is divided into three levels of control. 1. The index level of the formula into the furnace. 2. Recipe element control level. 3. Regulatory level of formula organic matter. The three grades need to meet the relevant requirements in turn. The confusion of the hierarchy will lead to an increase in the workload during the formula screening process or the failure to normally screen out the required formula.

The level of the formula entering the furnace index. The purpose of this level is to screen out the range of formulas that meet the furnace entering index, and to limit the range for the regulation of formula elements that are required later. The method used to screen the formula range is the uniform formula experiment table. The specific operation is to take various solid wastes or viscous solid wastes to be treated and mix them into 100g of industrial wastewater to be treated respectively. When the viscosity of the mixed solution is 800mPa·s, record the doping amount of each substance and the mass percentage of wastewater. . The ratio is the maximum percentage of each substance dissolved in the wastewater. If the percentage is greater than 100%, it is considered that the waste has good solubility, and subsequent adjustments to the parallel gradient of its formula content only need to pay attention to its ash melting point, and do not need to over-consider its solubility. If it is not greater than 100%, the establishment of subsequent parallel gradients should be considered in combination with the solubility and ash melting point data of the sample.

The configuration of the ash melting point in the furnace mixture requires complicated operations. Through the measurement of the ash melting point of various substances, the ash melting point data of each substance is known, and the focus is on substances with ash melting points higher than 1200°C. If the ash melting point of a substance is higher than 1200°C, the parallel gradient is set from the initial value of 0%, and the difference between the parallel gradients should not be greater than 2%. For substances with an ash melting point lower than 1200°C, there is no need for this requirement in the process of setting parallel gradients.

Through the analysis of the solubility and ash melting point data of each substance, we can basically understand the physical and chemical properties of each substance. According to the amount of industrial organic waste to be treated, select the corresponding uniform formula experimental table, set up the parallel gradient of each substance, and set it according to the understanding of the properties. After the setting is completed, the formula and wastewater are configured 1:1. Finally measure the viscosity and ash melting point of each formula. It is required that the viscosity and ash melting point of each formula should be less than 800mPa·s, and the ash melting point should be 800℃～1200℃

According to the set parallel gradient combined with the uniform experimental table machine to screen the mixed solution, the following situations will appear in the screening process:

Situation 1. There is no formula in the uniform experiment table that meets the set requirements

Situation 2. The formulas in the uniform experiment table all meet the formula setting requirements

Case 3. The formula part in the uniform experiment table meets the set requirements

If none of the formulations meets the set requirements, analyze the indicators that do not meet the requirements. If there are many unsatisfactory viscosity in the property indicators, adjust the proportion of formulation and wastewater to increase the proportion of wastewater. If there are many unsatisfactory ash melting points in the formula property index, the parallel gradient value for high ash melting point substances is reduced, the content of high ash melting point substances is reduced, and screening is carried out again. If there is a uniform experimental table formula that meets the requirements of the experimental formula, it can be used as a candidate formula for screening. If some of them meet the set requirements, there is no need for subsequent screening and analysis.

The formula after preliminary screening is within the fluctuation range of the content ratio of each substance, and the precise configuration ratio formula is not provided. The precise configuration ratio formula should enter the ash chemical composition adjustment level for secondary screening.

In the range of selected preliminary screening formulas, the intermediate formula is used for the determination of ash content. If the chemical composition of ash meets the specified requirements, the formula can be used as a formula for industrial configuration. If the chemical composition of the ash in the formula does not satisfy the chemical composition of the ash, further adjustments to the chemical composition of the ash are required. The chemical composition of ash is affected by the chemical composition of various substances, and the increase or decrease of element content follows simple mathematical calculation rules. If a certain element does not meet the requirements, calculate the mass percentage of the chemical element of each substance to the total ash. The index value is relatively high, and the maximum substance content in the mass percentage is appropriately reduced within the scope of preliminary formula screening. If the value is low, increase the content of the substance. By this method, the content of each element is fine-tuned to meet the production requirements.

After the screening of the first two levels of formula, all the indicators of the organic mixture except the calorific value content meet the actual production. The calorific value of the ash is calculated and analyzed to determine the ratio between the organic solvent doping content and the formula, and finally output the mixed liquid configuration ratio table for the furnace. Determine the amount of each substance and prepare the materials.

The formula screening process is carried out in three stages. First, the reasonable formula range is screened to determine the formula adjustment range. Second, the ash chemical composition of the mixture is precisely controlled. Finally, organic solvent is added to increase the calorific value of the organic mixture.

2) Configuration of the raw material mixture in the furnace

The configuration process of the mixed liquid in the furnace is transported and input into the stirred tank respectively, and the waste water, viscous solid and non-cohesive solid powder are sequentially input into the stirred tank for full stirring. After stirring, the raw materials can be directly transported to the gasifier, and the organic solvent transport pipe is included in the transport process, and the two can be mixed through the pipeline mixer. Organic solvents can also be fed into the gasifier separately.

Example one

There are five typical industrial organic wastes that need to be treated. The five industrial organic wastes can be divided into three categories according to their phases. Activated carbon and antibiotic fermentation residues are solid industrial organic wastes, distillation residues are semi-solid and semi-liquid industrial organic wastes, and organic solvents and high-concentration wastewater are liquid industrial organic wastes. Activated carbon and antibiotic fermented slag were ground separately with a rod mill and ground into 500-mesh powder for later use. After the rectification residue is left standing, the upper liquid is extracted for use, and the lower solid material is ground by a rod mill to a 500-mesh slurry, and the upper liquid is injected into the ground slurry again and stirred to form a slurry solid.

The physical and chemical properties of industrial organic waste after pretreatment were determined, as shown in Table 3 below.

Table 2 Physical and chemical properties of industrial organic waste

After the measurement, each sample is subjected to the screening process of the formula. Each solid and semi-solid and semi-liquid substance is dissolved in 100g of high-concentration wastewater, and the dissolved amount of each substance is determined when the viscosity is 800mPa·s. After determination and analysis, 20g of activated carbon was dissolved, 80g of rectification residue was dissolved, and 40g of antibiotic fermentation residue was dissolved. At the same time, observation and analysis found that the melting point temperature of activated carbon and antibiotic fermentation slag was higher, so the proportion of parallel gradient design should start from 0%. After uniform experiment screening, the formulations in Table 2 all meet the requirements.

Table 3 Proportion of Raw Materials Entering the Furnace

The chemical property analysis was carried out with the proportion 2 as the detection formula. The ash properties of this formula raw material are shown in Table 5. After analysis, the ash properties of this formula meet the actual production standard. Therefore, the mixture formula can be used as the next experimental formula requirement.

Table 4 Properties of Raw Materials Entering the Furnace

Table 5 Ash element content

element Mass percentage (%) Ca 27.4482 o 21.186 Na 12.8554 Fe 9.54 P 7.9331 Si 7.5428 Ti 3.7629 al 2.6309 Mg 1.8581 K 1.15

The calorific value of this raw material formula is 11800J/g detected by the calorific value detector, which cannot meet the actual production requirements. It is necessary to use an organic solvent to adjust the formula. After theoretical calculation, it is necessary to add 20% organic solvent to adjust the calorific value. Therefore Determine the final distribution ratio.

Each mixed liquid is transported into the stirring tank respectively, and is input into the stirring tank in sequence according to the sequence of waste water, antibiotic fermentation residue, activated carbon and rectification residue for full stirring. After stirring, the raw materials are mixed and transported with 20% organic solvent through a pipeline mixer, and finally enter the gasifier for gasification.

Comparative example 1

The sample used is the same as that of Example 1, and the screening of the formula is carried out using the existing coal-water slurry gasification technology screening method.

The slurry of coal water slurry gasification needs to be analyzed and screened for concentration, ash content, particle size, chlorine content, arsenic content, ash melting point, etc., and each formula is directly configured by referring to the screening method. The slurry formula should first meet the calorific value, ash melting point, and fluidity data indicators. Orthogonal experimental tables were used for formula screening for the three indexes. The orthogonal experiment table can screen out the formulation requirements that meet the sample calorific value, ash melting point, and fluidity data. The screening formula is as follows

Table 6 Proportion table of raw materials into the furnace

According to the requirements of the actual production process, the formula meets the furnace index, and it is determined whether the chemical properties of the ash meet the actual production requirements.

Table 7 Properties of Raw Materials Entering the Furnace

Table 8 Ash element content

element Mass percentage (%) Ca 24.4514 o 21.4691 Na 15.331 Fe 12.458 P 13.145 Si 3.9141 Ti 2.9912 al 1.4595 Mg 1.6541 K 1.15

Through analysis, it is found that the content of ash iron and phosphorus in the formula exceeds the standard, and the content of silicon is low. According to this characteristic, the formula needs to be adjusted. Preliminary analysis needs to adjust the amount of activated carbon and antibiotic fermentation residue, which contains a large amount of diatomaceous earth, high phosphorus content and high silicon content. Therefore can not reduce and reduce antibiotic fermented slag in the same proportion. The iron content in the rectification residue is high, so it is necessary to reduce the rectification residue content. Orthogonal experiment table can only provide the best formula, adjust on the basis of this formula. The final formula is as follows.

Table 9 adjustment formula table

According to the formula data, it is found that the ash melting point data is higher than the specified value, so it is necessary to reduce the high ash melting point substances. According to the preliminary analysis, the antibiotic fermentation slag cannot be reduced, so it is necessary to reduce the other solid content in the same proportion, but the proportion of ash antibiotic fermentation slag increases Larger, the ash melting point will be higher. Therefore it is not possible to filter on this base formula. Other approaches need to be tried.

This comparative ratio is compared with the example, which shows that the existing formula screening process is heavy and complicated, and the operation process is not suitable for carrying out. The experience of each operation process is relatively large, and it is not suitable for the mixed solution configuration treatment of all organic waste. Example 1, each operation process is reliable and clear, while specifying each operation step, it is simple and convenient to complete the screening of the formula.

Claims (7)

1. A method for hierarchical regulation and configuration of gasification furnace all-organic mixed waste into furnace raw materials, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) Conduct phase analysis of the industrial organic waste to be treated; perform corresponding pretreatment on the industrial organic waste according to the phase state; 2) Test the physical and chemical properties of various industrial organic wastes after pretreatment; 3) Screen the raw material formulations of the detected industrial organic wastes to meet the requirements of the gasifier; The screening process of the furnace raw material formula comprises the following steps: 3.1) Screening of formula ratio 3.1.1) Take various solid wastes to be treated or viscous solid wastes and mix them into the wastewater respectively. When the viscosity of the mixed solution is 800 mPa·s, record the doping amount of each substance and the mass percentage of the wastewater; the percentage Set the upper limit reference value for the parallel gradient of the ratio of each substance and wastewater in the subsequent uniform experiment table; 3.1.2) Measure the ash melting point of all substances except wastewater and organic solvents, and classify the substances with the ash melting point being 1200°C; Control its percentage content and reduce its parallel gradient design value. In the actual operation process, for substances with ash melting point higher than 1200 °C, the initial value of parallel gradient is set to 0%, and the difference between parallel gradients should not be greater than 2%. Ash melting point Substances below 1200 °C do not need to be required for the process of parallel gradient setting; 3.1.3) According to the number of types of hazardous waste to be treated, select the corresponding uniform formula test table; at the same time, set the mixing ratio of wastewater and preliminary formula to 1:1; in the parallel gradient in the uniform formula test table, refer to steps 3.1.1) and 3.1. 2) The scope is set up, and the content ratio of each substance is filled in according to the requirements of the uniform test table. The final index of the uniform test table requires that the ash content of the formula is 800°C-1200°C, and the viscosity of the formula should be less than 800mPa.s; according to the order of each formula inspect it; 3.1.4) The homogeneous formula experiment table screens out the required formula ratio range, and at the same time analyzes the influence of each substance on the properties of the formula, and understands the adjustment direction of the formula preparation process; the following situations will appear in the formula screening process: 1. Screening formula All the tables meet the requirements; 2. The formula table partly meets the requirements; 3. None of the formula tables meet the requirements; among them, when situation 1 or 2 occurs, go directly to step 3.1.5); if situation 3 occurs, there is no formula that meets the requirements Set the requirements, then analyze the indicators that do not meet the requirements. If there are many unsatisfied situations in the viscosity in the property indicators, adjust the configuration ratio of the formula and wastewater to increase the proportion of wastewater; The parallel gradient value of substances with high ash melting point is reduced, the content of substances with high ash melting point is reduced, and screening is carried out again; until it meets condition 1 or condition 2; 3.1.5) Determine the chemical composition of the ash from the formula after preliminary screening, and judge whether the various data of the ash meet the specified requirements of the incoming raw materials; if the chemical composition of the ash meets the specified requirements, the formula can be used as a formula for industrial configuration; if the chemical composition of the ash in the formula If it is not satisfied, analyze its chemical composition, determine the key components that affect the index, and reduce or increase the component content; the adjustment range is the range of the formula test in the uniform test table screening, and the preliminary formula of the raw materials into the furnace is determined through adjustment; 3.1.6) Measure the calorific value of raw materials again for the preliminary formulation of the raw materials into the furnace. According to the calorific value, the content of organic solvent is determined after average calculation, and the calorific value data of the raw materials into the furnace is adjusted; the final output and input ratio of the mixed liquid in the furnace table, determine the amount of each substance, obtain the final screened formula ratio, and prepare materials; 3.2) Configuration of the raw material mixture in the furnace According to the formula ratio screened in step 3.1), according to the order of waste water, sticky solid, and non-sticky solid powder, input the waste water, sticky solid, and non-sticky solid powder into the stirring tank for full stirring; The raw materials can be input into the gasifier independently, or they can be mixed in the mixer and then input into the gasifier together. The amount of organic solvent is also determined by the proportion of the formula screened in step 3.1); 4) The regulated gasification raw material is sent to the gasification furnace for gasification, and the gasification furnace only uses industrial organic waste as the only input material for gasification. 2. According to claim 1, the hierarchical regulation and allocation method of all-organic mixed waste into the gasification furnace raw material is characterized in that the step 1) is specifically: According to the phase, industrial organic waste is divided into three states: non-viscous solid, viscous solid and liquid. According to the phase state, the industrial organic waste is pretreated accordingly; Among them, the non-viscous solid waste is crushed and ground to control the particle size between 20 mesh and 300 mesh, and the ground solid powder is stored for use; The liquid organic waste is dereactive through mutual reaction, tempered and neutralized, and after filtering and standing still, the liquids of each layer are stored in different raw material tanks according to the stratification situation for use; If the viscous solid waste can be allowed to stand for stratification, the upper layer of liquid will be treated as liquid organic waste; the lower layer of viscous solid or viscous solid waste that cannot be allowed to stand for stratification will be pulped for later use. 3. The hierarchical regulation and configuration method for all-organic mixed waste into the furnace raw material of the gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that the pretreatment process of liquid organic waste is specifically: the liquid organic waste is classified into organic solvents and organic solvents There are two types of waste water; liquid organic waste is first filtered and then enters different storage tanks according to the production source for use; organic solvent liquid organic waste in each storage tank reacts with each other in the organic solvent reactor to remove reactivity; each storage tank The wastewater-like liquid organic waste in the tank reacts and neutralizes each other in the wastewater reactor; the reacted liquid in the organic solvent reactor and the wastewater reactor is filtered and transported to the organic solvent intermediate tank and the wastewater intermediate tank respectively, and the organic solvent The liquid in the intermediate tank and the waste water intermediate tank is left to stand still, and the waste water is transported to the waste water raw material tank; the organic solvent is stratified after standing still, and the organic solvents of each layer are transported to different organic solvent raw material tanks for storage. 4. The hierarchical regulation and configuration method of all organic mixed waste into the furnace raw material of the gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the process of transporting the organic solvent from the intermediate tank to the raw material tank, the mass flow meter is used to control the stratification If the mass flow meter reading increases or decreases by 10% during the transportation process, it is considered that the layered transportation is completed and the corresponding raw material tank is stopped, and the liquid organic waste in the raw material tank is stirred and homogenized for use. 5. The method for hierarchical regulation and allocation of all-organic mixed waste into the furnace raw material of the gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that the pretreatment process of viscous solid waste is specifically: If the viscous solid waste can be stratified, the upper liquid will be treated as liquid organic waste; the viscous solid waste in the lower layer or the viscous solid waste that cannot be stratified will be shredded by a mechanical shredder. The shredded solid waste enters the closed conveyor belt, and is cleaned with the liquid organic waste in the organic solvent raw material tank or the waste water raw material tank. The selection of the raw material tank is based on the solubility of the viscous solid; The solid is used as a slurry for stirring; the cleaned packaging barrel fragments and plastic fragments can be treated as solid organic waste after being collected and washed, and the iron flakes can be used for smelting after being collected and washed. 6. The hierarchical regulation and allocation method of all-organic mixed waste into the gasifier raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that the step 2) is specifically: After pretreatment, each industrial organic waste needs to be checked for calorific value, ash melting point, moisture content, viscosity, chlorine content, phosphorus content, fluorine content, sulfur content, ash chemical composition, ash content, heavy metal content, solubility characteristics, reaction characteristics, There is no need to measure ash melting point, ash chemical composition and ash content for organic solvents, and no need to measure viscosity for solid powders. 7. The method for hierarchical regulation and allocation of all-organic mixed waste into the gasifier raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3), the raw material into the furnace needs to meet the following requirements: the total calorific value of the raw material is 10 kJ/g~40 kJ/g, the ash melting point of the raw material is 800℃~1400℃, the viscosity of the raw material should be 800~2000mPa s, the moisture content of the raw material should be 10%~50%, the total chlorine content of the raw material should be 0~25 %, the content of organic chlorine should be less than 6%, the total sulfur content of raw materials should be less than 8%, the total fluorine content of raw materials should be less than 6%; the composition of raw material ash elements should meet: silicon content of 5%-50%, phosphorus content of less than 10% %, the aluminum content is 0%-15%, the iron content should be less than 10%, the sodium content should be less than 40%, and the calcium content should be 10%-50%.

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