CN114573267A - Alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114573267A CN114573267A CN202210388491.6A CN202210388491A CN114573267A CN 114573267 A CN114573267 A CN 114573267A CN 202210388491 A CN202210388491 A CN 202210388491A CN 114573267 A CN114573267 A CN 114573267A
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- free
- alkali
- fluorine
- chlorine
- accelerator
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/10—Accelerators; Activators
- C04B2103/12—Set accelerators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to an alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator, a preparation method and application thereof. The accelerator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 48 percent of aluminum sulfate, 10 to 15 percent of sodium metaaluminate, 5 to 10 percent of magnesium sulfate, 2 to 5 percent of organic acid, 5 to 7 percent of stabilizer, 0.2 to 1 percent of flocculating agent and the balance of water. The accelerator disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation method, free of alkali, chlorine and fluorine, capable of quickly condensing concrete by adding the accelerator into the concrete, and has the effects of early strength and corrosion resistance, and the preparation process is free of harm or pungent smell generation, and is harmless to the production of the accelerator and the body of a constructor, so that the accelerator is a novel green environment-friendly accelerator. The accelerator is successfully applied to the No. 5 line engineering of the large continuous subway.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to an alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The accelerator is an additive for quickly setting and hardening concrete, and has the main function of accelerating the hydration and hardening of cement and forming enough strength in a short time so as to meet the requirements of special construction. In recent years, the accelerator is widely applied to the aspects of building support, reinforcement and repair, water stop of cracks between piles and the like of foundation pits, tunnels, roadways and the like. The quick-setting admixture is generally divided into two forms of a powdery quick-setting admixture and a liquid quick-setting admixture. The common powder accelerating agent is used for a dry spraying method, the dust concentration of the dry spraying method is higher, the rebound quantity is larger, and the accelerating agent is gradually eliminated. The other type of accelerator is a liquid accelerator, and compared with a powdery accelerator, the liquid accelerator can be mixed with materials more uniformly, so that the defects of large dust and large resilience of the powdery accelerator are overcome. Alkali-free accelerators are becoming increasingly popular. At present, alkaline accelerators are more in the market, so that the later-stage concrete strength is greatly influenced, and some alkali-free accelerators exist in the market, so that the problems of large mixing amount, high cost, poor adaptability, harm to human bodies and the like mostly exist.
Patent No. CN107935432 discloses a novel alkali-free accelerator synthesized from organic and inorganic acids and a preparation method thereof, but hydrofluoric acid is added in the preparation process, the temperature is kept at 80-90 ℃, hydrogen fluoride is extremely volatile, and the accelerator is a colorless toxic gas with irritant odor, and the hydrofluoric acid can be absorbed by mucous membrane, respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract through skin and has great harm to human body.
Patent No. CN108793806A discloses an alkali-free liquid accelerator and a preparation method thereof, but the accelerator has low one-day strength and is not suitable for rapid water stop of engineering.
Patent No. CN102219426A discloses a low-alkali liquid-state quick-setting agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the solution of the quick-setting agent is alkaline, the quick-setting effect is good, but the later strength is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator as well as a preparation method and application thereof, which are used for preparing an alkali-free liquid accelerator with better environment friendliness, safety and performance and solving the problems of long coagulation time, low early strength, large spraying resilience, harm to personnel in production and construction and the like of sprayed concrete caused by poor quality of the conventional alkali-free liquid accelerator.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-48% of aluminum sulfate, 10-15% of sodium metaaluminate, 5-10% of magnesium sulfate, 2-5% of organic acid, 5-7% of stabilizer, 0.2-1% of flocculant and the balance of water.
Preferably, the components in weight ratio are: 45% of aluminum sulfate, 10% of sodium metaaluminate, 5% of magnesium sulfate, 2% of organic acid, 7% of stabilizer, 1% of flocculant and 30% of water.
The organic acid is one or a mixture of citric acid and acetic acid; the stabilizer is one or a mixture of triethanolamine and diethanolamine; the flocculating agent is one or more than two of polyacrylamide, calcium polyacrylate and methacrylic acid.
Preferably, the organic acid is citric acid; the stabilizer is triethanolamine; the flocculant is polyacrylamide.
The aluminum sulfate is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.0 percent; the magnesium sulfate is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.0 percent; the sodium metaaluminate is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 98.0 percent; the citric acid is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.5 percent; the triethanolamine is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.0 percent; the polyacrylamide is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.0 percent.
The preparation method of the alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: mixing aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium metaaluminate, water and organic acid according to a ratio, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a solution A;
the second step is that: heating the solution A at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, and continuously stirring to obtain a solution B;
the third step: adding a stabilizer and a flocculating agent into the solution B according to the proportion, and continuously keeping the temperature at 60-70 ℃ and stirring for 0.5-1 hour to obtain a solution C;
the fourth step: and continuing to stir the solution C until the temperature is recovered to the room temperature, thus obtaining the alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free green environment-friendly liquid accelerator.
The alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator is used for sprayed concrete, and the mixing amount of the alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator is 3-7% of the mass of cement.
Has the advantages that:
the alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free green environment-friendly liquid accelerator can quickly set concrete and shorten the setting time (initial setting time and final setting time) of the concrete; the addition of the accelerator can improve the compressive strength of the concrete after 1 day and 28 days; the preparation method is simple, the cost is low, the prepared liquid is in a liquid state, the liquid is convenient to be uniformly mixed with concrete, the components of the accelerator do not contain substances such as alkali, chlorine and fluorine in the production and use processes, the alkali does not reduce the later strength of the concrete, the chlorine does not corrode a steel bar in the concrete, the fluorine does not generate harmful substances such as HF and the like, the safety is high, the cohesiveness is good, the storage time of the accelerator is prolonged and the deterioration of the accelerator is prevented by adding the stabilizer, the rebound resilience of the liquid accelerator is low, the alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free green environment-friendly liquid accelerator is added into sprayed concrete, the construction efficiency can be improved, and the market value is considerable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
an alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free green environment-friendly liquid accelerator comprises, by weight, 40% of aluminum sulfate, 15% of sodium metaaluminate, 10% of magnesium sulfate, 2% of acetic acid, 7% of diethanolamine, 1% of calcium polyacrylate and 25% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. the first step is as follows: pouring aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium metaaluminate, water and acetic acid into a three-neck flask according to the proportion, and stirring for dissolving;
B. heating the three-neck flask at 65 ℃ for half an hour and continuously stirring;
C. on the basis of the previous step, adding diethanolamine and calcium polyacrylate into a three-neck flask according to a proportion, keeping the temperature at 65 ℃ and stirring for 30 minutes;
D. stopping heating, and stirring for 30 minutes until the liquid temperature is returned to the room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Example 2:
an alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free green environment-friendly liquid accelerator comprises, by weight, 45% of aluminum sulfate, 10% of sodium metaaluminate, 5% of magnesium sulfate, 2% of citric acid, 7% of triethanolamine, 1% of polyacrylamide and 30% of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. the first step is as follows: pouring aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium metaaluminate, water and citric acid into a three-neck flask according to the proportion, and stirring for dissolving;
B. heating the three-neck flask at 65 ℃ for half an hour and continuously stirring;
C. on the basis of the previous step, adding triethanolamine and polyacrylamide into a three-neck flask according to a proportion, keeping the temperature at 65 ℃ and stirring for 30 minutes;
D. stopping heating, stirring for 30 minutes until the liquid temperature returns to room temperature, and obtaining the finished product.
Example 3:
an alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free green environment-friendly liquid accelerator comprises, by weight, 48% of aluminum sulfate, 10% of sodium metaaluminate, 10% of magnesium sulfate, 5% of citric acid, 5% of triethanolamine, 0.2% of methacrylic acid and the balance of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. the first step is as follows: pouring aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium metaaluminate, water and citric acid into a three-neck flask according to the proportion, and stirring for dissolving;
B. heating the three-neck flask at 65 ℃ for half an hour and continuously stirring;
C. on the basis of the previous step, adding triethanolamine and methacrylic acid into a three-neck flask according to a proportion, keeping the temperature at 65 ℃ and stirring for 30 minutes;
D. stopping heating, stirring for 30 minutes until the liquid temperature returns to room temperature, and obtaining the finished product.
Example 4:
an alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free green environment-friendly liquid accelerator comprises, by weight, 44% of aluminum sulfate, 12% of sodium metaaluminate, 8% of magnesium sulfate, 3% of acetic acid, 7% of diethanolamine, 0.6% of methacrylic acid, and the balance of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. the first step is as follows: pouring aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium metaaluminate, water and acetic acid into a three-neck flask according to the proportion, and stirring for dissolving;
B. heating the three-neck flask at 65 ℃ for half an hour and continuously stirring;
C. on the basis of the previous step, adding diethanolamine and methacrylic acid into a three-neck flask according to a proportion, keeping the temperature at 65 ℃ and stirring for 30 minutes;
D. stopping heating, stirring for 30 minutes until the liquid temperature returns to room temperature, and obtaining the finished product.
And (3) carrying out tests on the setting time of the cement paste and the compressive strength of the cement mortar according to the requirements of GB/T35159 and 2017 accelerator for sprayed concrete.
The test method comprises the following steps:
the weighed water (140 g minus the amount of water in the alkali-free liquid accelerator) and 400 g of cement (P.O 42.5 grade cement) were put into a mixer, and the mixer was started and stirred at a low speed for 30 seconds, and then stopped. And adding the weighed alkali-free liquid accelerator at one time, stirring at a low speed for 5 seconds, stirring at a high speed for 15 seconds, immediately filling the mixture into a round die after stirring is finished, inserting the mixture into a knife, slightly vibrating the mixture for a plurality of times, scraping redundant clear paste, and trowelling the surface. The total operating time from the addition of the alkali-free liquid accelerator should not exceed 50 seconds.
The initial setting time and final setting time were determined according to the method of GB/T1346. The test was performed every 10 seconds until initial and final setting.
The weighed water (450 g minus the amount of water in the alkali-free liquid accelerator) and 900 g of cement were sequentially placed in a stirred tank, the stirrer was started to stir at low speed for 30 seconds, then standard sand was uniformly added during the second 30 second low-speed stirring, followed by high-speed stirring for 30 seconds. The stirring is stopped for 90 seconds, and the mortar on the blade and the pot wall is scraped into the stirring pot by a rubber scraper within the first 15 seconds of stopping the stirring. The stirring at high speed was continued for another 30 seconds. Then immediately adding the alkali-free liquid accelerator, stirring at a low speed for 5 seconds, then stirring at a high speed for 15 seconds, and ending the stirring. And (3) filling the mixed mortar into a cement mortar test mold as soon as possible. The total operating time from the addition of the alkali-free liquid accelerator should not exceed 50 seconds.
Table 1 results of performance testing of examples
Note: in the performance test of the above examples, the cement used was the reference cement P · O · 42.5. The experimental temperature is 18-22 ℃, river sand is medium coarse sand, and the fineness modulus is 2.6; the particle size of the crushed stone is 5-10 mm.
As can be seen from Table 1 above, by comparison, the accelerator composition of the present invention provides the shortest accelerating time and the best compressive strengths of 1d and 28d when example 2 is incorporated at 5%. The results show that: the liquid alkali-free chlorine-free fluorine-free accelerator prepared by the invention can meet the effect requirement of the accelerator in the field of sprayed concrete at present when the doping amount is 5%, when the doping amount of the alkali-free chlorine-free fluorine-free accelerator is 5%, the initial setting time of cement paste is less than 5 minutes, the final setting time is less than 12 minutes, the 1d compressive strength of mortar is more than 7MPa, the 28d compressive strength ratio is more than 95%, and all performance indexes can reach and exceed the specification of the national standard GB/T35159-. When the amount of the quick-setting admixture used in example 2 is 5%, the quick-setting time and strength are the best, and therefore example 2 is the best solution for overall performance.
The accelerator disclosed by the invention is applied to the construction of No. 5 lines of a large continuous subway, and the problem of seepage of crack water between the enclosure piles is effectively solved. The alkali-free chlorine-free fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator provided by the invention has excellent performance, can solve the problem of influence of harmful gases such as hydrogen fluoride and nitrogen dioxide on constructors and environment, and has more outstanding performance compared with the existing alkali-free liquid accelerator.
Claims (9)
1. The alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-48% of aluminum sulfate, 10-15% of sodium metaaluminate, 5-10% of magnesium sulfate, 2-5% of organic acid, 5-7% of stabilizer, 0.2-1% of flocculant and the balance of water.
2. The alkali-free chlorine-free fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 45% of aluminum sulfate, 10% of sodium metaaluminate, 5% of magnesium sulfate, 2% of organic acid, 7% of stabilizer, 1% of flocculant and 30% of water.
3. The alkali-free chlorine-free fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic acid is one or a mixture of citric acid and acetic acid; the stabilizer is one or a mixture of triethanolamine and diethanolamine; the flocculating agent is one or more than two of polyacrylamide, calcium polyacrylate and methacrylic acid.
4. The alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the organic acid is citric acid; the stabilizer is triethanolamine; the flocculant is polyacrylamide.
5. The alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein the aluminum sulfate is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.0%; the magnesium sulfate is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.0 percent; the sodium metaaluminate is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 98.0 percent.
6. The alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the aluminum sulfate is an analytically pure reagent with a content of 99.0% or more; the magnesium sulfate is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.0 percent; the sodium metaaluminate is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 98.0 percent.
7. The alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator as claimed in claim 4, wherein the citric acid is an analytical reagent with a content of 99.5% or more; the triethanolamine is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.0 percent; the polyacrylamide is an analytically pure reagent with the content of more than or equal to 99.0 percent.
8. The method for preparing the alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator as set forth in any of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: mixing aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium metaaluminate, water and organic acid according to a ratio, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a solution A;
the second step is that: heating the solution A at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, and continuously stirring to obtain a solution B;
the third step: adding a stabilizer and a flocculating agent into the solution B according to the proportion, and continuously keeping the temperature at 60-70 ℃ and stirring for 0.5-1 hour to obtain a solution C;
the fourth step: and continuing to stir the solution C until the temperature is recovered to the room temperature, thus obtaining the alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free green environment-friendly liquid accelerator.
9. The alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7 is used in sprayed concrete, and the mixing amount of the alkali-free, chlorine-free and fluorine-free environment-friendly liquid accelerator is 3 to 7 percent of the mass of cement.
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