CN114573183B - Unit-format constructed wetland system - Google Patents
Unit-format constructed wetland system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114573183B CN114573183B CN202210165412.5A CN202210165412A CN114573183B CN 114573183 B CN114573183 B CN 114573183B CN 202210165412 A CN202210165412 A CN 202210165412A CN 114573183 B CN114573183 B CN 114573183B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 48
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100001240 inorganic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cellular constructed wetland system which comprises a water inlet channel, a wet area and a water outlet channel which are sequentially arranged, wherein the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel cover two side edges of the wet area, a plurality of water blocking belts which are transversely arranged and a plurality of water permeable belts which are longitudinally arranged are arranged in the wet area, the water blocking belts are paved by biomass bricks, the water permeable belts are paved by biomass water permeable bricks, the water blocking belts and the water permeable belts divide the wet area into a plurality of rectangular wetland cells, the width of each wetland cell is equal, and the lengths of the wetland cells in each row are gradually increased along the direction from the water inlet channel to the water outlet channel. The constructed wetland system effectively and reasonably distributes the hydraulic load and the pollution load of the unit area of the wetland, and prolongs the time for the constructed wetland to be blocked by the filler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a unit-format constructed wetland system.
Background
The artificial wetland is an artificial natural ecological treatment system which utilizes the physical, chemical and biological triple synergistic effects of soil, artificial medium, plants and microorganisms to effectively treat the water, and is widely applied to the fields of river basin and river lake water quality improvement, centralized/decentralized rural domestic sewage treatment and the like in recent years.
However, suspended matters in the sewage are easy to accumulate at the water inlet end after the artificial wetland is used for a long time, so that the sewage treatment capacity of the artificial wetland is affected; the suspended matter also enters between the filler particles and also enters the pores of the filler particles, causing the blockage of the wetland. The existing constructed wetland uses granular fillers, the flow direction of sewage is not controlled after the sewage enters the wetland from the water inlet end, the local hydraulic load and pollution load are overlarge due to uneven water distribution, the blocking of the wetland is accelerated, once the blocking occurs, the whole constructed wetland needs to be replaced by a new batch of fillers, the workload is large, the use cost is high, and the stable operation of water quality is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of effectively and reasonably distributing the hydraulic load and the pollution load of the unit area of the constructed wetland and prolonging the time of filling blockage of the constructed wetland.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a cellular constructed wetland system, which comprises a water inlet channel, a wet area and a water outlet channel which are sequentially arranged, wherein the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel cover the two side edges of the wet area, a plurality of water blocking belts which are transversely arranged and a plurality of water permeable belts which are longitudinally arranged are arranged in the wet area, the water blocking belts are paved by biomass bricks, the water permeable belts are paved by biomass water permeable bricks, the water blocking belts and the water permeable belts divide the wet area into a plurality of rectangular wetland cells, the width of each wetland cell is equal, and the lengths of each row of wetland cells are gradually increased along the direction from the water inlet channel to the water outlet channel.
Compared with the prior art, the constructed wetland system provided by the invention has the advantages that the wetland is divided into a plurality of rows of relatively independent units by the plurality of water blocking belts which are transversely arranged, the water blocking belts are paved by the biomass bricks, and sewage can be isolated, so that a parallel water distribution area is formed, the hydraulic load and the pollution load of the unit area of the wetland are effectively and reasonably distributed, the water distribution unevenness and the problem caused by subsequent operation blockage are relieved, and the time for the constructed wetland system to generate filler blockage is prolonged; the transverse unit is divided into independent cells by a plurality of longitudinally arranged permeable belts, the permeable belts are paved by biomass permeable bricks, the permeable belts can limit the flow rate of sewage, the function of a baffle plate is achieved, the water conservancy residence time of the sewage is prolonged, and the purification efficiency of the whole wetland is improved; the wet area is divided into a plurality of independent wet cells by the water blocking belt and the permeable belt, when the packing of the wet area is blocked, the packing in the corresponding cells can be replaced, the whole replacement is not needed, and the labor and the economic cost are saved; along the direction from the water inlet canal to the water outlet canal, the lengths of the wetland cells in each row are gradually increased, so that the time for sewage to flow through each wetland cell in the process of flowing along the water inlet end to the water outlet end is gradually prolonged, the residence time of the sewage with more pollutants at the upstream in the wetland cells is shorter, the residence time of the sewage with less pollutants at the downstream in the wetland cells is longer, the hydraulic load and the pollution load of the unit area of the wetland are favorably and uniformly distributed, the time for blocking the wetland filler is delayed, and the service life of the constructed wetland system is prolonged.
Further, along the direction from the water inlet canal to the water outlet canal, the lengths of the adjacent columns of wetland cells satisfy the relationship: l (n+1)/ln=1.1: 1 to 1.5:1, a step of; where Ln is the length of the nth row of wetland cells along the direction from the water inlet channel to the water outlet channel, and L (n+1) is the length of the nth+1 row of wetland cells along the direction from the water inlet channel to the water outlet channel. The length relation between adjacent wetland cells is obtained through experiments, and the method meets the relation, is favorable for uniformly distributing the pollution load of the unit area of the wetland, enables the time of each wetland cell reaching the pollution limit to be close, and prolongs the service life of the whole constructed wetland system.
Further, a water inlet grille belt is arranged between the water inlet canal and the wet area, and the water inlet grille belt is paved by porous water permeable bricks. Therefore, the water inlet grille belt is arranged between the water inlet canal and the wet area, so that suspended matters with larger water surface can be intercepted, the suspended matters are prevented from being deposited at the water inlet end of the wet area, the pollutants entering the wet area are reduced, and the filler blockage is delayed.
Further, the wetland unit cell comprises an aquatic plant layer, a first packing layer, a second packing layer and a third packing layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the particle sizes of the packing materials of the first packing layer, the second packing layer and the third packing layer are sequentially increased. The three layers of packing layers are arranged to purify sewage, so that the operation efficiency of the constructed wetland and the pollutant treatment capacity of the constructed wetland in unit area are effectively improved.
Further, the first filler layer, the second filler layer and the third filler layer are paved by modularized fillers. The modularized packing can be assembled and spliced, so that the packing is convenient to replace the wetland unit cells, the modularized packing can design the flow path of water flow, the length of the flow path is prolonged, the purification efficiency is improved, and the time for the packing to be blocked is effectively delayed.
Further, the biomass brick, the biomass water permeable brick, the first packing layer, the second packing layer and the third packing layer are made of biomass packing, and the biomass packing is formed by processing straws through calcining, crushing, screening and molding processes. The biomass filler contains various microelements, is favorable for the growth of root systems of aquatic plants, contains metal oxides such as calcium oxide and aluminum oxide, and can carry out complex reaction with phosphate in water to form phosphate precipitate, thereby reducing the concentration of the phosphate in water and playing a role in purification.
Further, the surface of the biomass filler is of a microporous structure, and the specific surface area is 15-20m 2 And/g. The biomass filler has the advantages of rough and porous surface, high void ratio, pollutant adsorption function, slow release of alkalinity and contribution to the growth and propagation of microorganisms.
Further, the filler particle size of the first filler layer is 10-20mm, the filler particle size of the second filler layer is 20-40mm, and the filler particle size of the third filler layer is 40-60mm. Therefore, the particle size distribution of each packing layer is limited, the short circuit or uneven sedimentation of the packing layers is avoided, and the sewage can be ensured to uniformly permeate each packing layer.
Further, the wetland unit cell comprises a bed bottom layer arranged below the third packing layer, and the bed bottom layer is paved by biomass porous bricks. The bed body bottom layer is paved by the biomass porous bricks, inorganic pollutants which are easy to cause wetland blockage can be settled to the bed body bottom layer, and the inorganic pollutants are flushed to the water outlet end along with water flow, so that the occurrence time of wetland filler blockage can be delayed, and the service life of an artificial wetland system is prolonged.
Further, the layer heights of the first filler layer, the second filler layer and the third filler layer satisfy the relationship: d1: d2: d3 =1: (1-1.5): (0.8-1.5); wherein D1 is the layer height of the first filler layer, D2 is the layer height of the second filler layer, and D3 is the layer height of the third filler layer. The height relation of each packing layer is determined through experiments, and the fact that the relation is met is beneficial to enabling the time of each packing layer reaching the pollution limit to be close, and prolonging the service life of the wetland unit cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a cellular constructed wetland system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a hierarchical block diagram of wetland cells in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a hierarchical structure diagram of a wetland cell in another embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1-water inlet channel, 2-wet area, 3-water outlet channel, 4-water blocking tape, 5-water permeable tape, 6-wet cell, 61-aquatic plant layer, 62-first packing layer, 63-second packing layer, 64-third packing layer, 65-bed bottom layer.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of embodiments of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the implementation method and typical parameters of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the parameters described in the present invention, so that reasonable variations are introduced and still fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like numerals and letters indicate like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a cellular constructed wetland system, which includes an inlet canal 1, a wet area 2 and an outlet canal 3 that are sequentially disposed, wherein the inlet canal 1 and the outlet canal 3 cover both side edges of the wet area 2. Sewage enters the water inlet channel 1 firstly, flows from the water inlet channel 1 to the wet area 2, and the wet area 2 purifies the sewage and then collects the sewage into the water outlet channel 3 to flow out. The water-blocking belts 4 which are transversely arranged are arranged in the wet area 2, the water-blocking belts 4 are formed by arranging biomass bricks, the wet area 2 is divided into a plurality of rows of relatively independent units, the water-blocking belts 4 can isolate sewage, so that a parallel water distribution area is formed, the sewage flowing in from the water inlet channel 1 is distributed, the hydraulic load and the pollution load of the unit area of the wet area are effectively and reasonably distributed, the water distribution unevenness and the problem caused by subsequent operation blockage can be relieved, and the time for filling blockage of an artificial wet system is prolonged. The interior of the wetland zone 2 is also provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged permeable belts 5, the transverse units are divided into independent wetland cells 6, the permeable belts 5 are paved by biomass permeable bricks, the sewage flow rate can be limited, the function of a baffle plate is achieved, the residence time of sewage in the wetland cells 6 is prolonged, and the purification efficiency of the whole wetland system is improved. In this embodiment, the water blocking tape 4 and the water permeable tape 5 divide the wet area 2 into a plurality of independent wet cells 6, and arrows in fig. 1 indicate the flow direction of water in the wet cells 6, and sewage in each wet cell 6 independently flows. When the packing of the wetland is blocked, the packing in the corresponding unit cell can be replaced without integral replacement, thereby saving labor and economic cost and having high economic benefit.
The wetland unit cells 6 are rectangular, the width direction of the wetland unit cells is parallel to the water permeable belt 5, and the length direction of the wetland unit cells is parallel to the water blocking belt 4. The water blocking strips 4 divide the wet area 2 into a plurality of rows, and the water permeable strips 5 divide the wet area 2 into a plurality of columns. The distance between each two adjacent water blocking strips 4 is equal, so that the width of each wetland cell 6 is equal, and the sewage in the water inlet channel 1 is automatically and averagely split into each wetland cell 6. The distance between each adjacent water permeable belt 5 is gradually increased along the direction from the water inlet channel 1 to the water outlet channel 3, so that the length of each row of wetland cells 6 is gradually increased. Therefore, in the process that sewage flows along the water inlet channel 1 to the water outlet channel 1, the time for flowing through each wetland cell 6 is gradually prolonged, so that the residence time of the sewage with more pollutants at the upstream in the wetland cell 6 is shorter, the residence time of the sewage with less pollutants at the downstream in the wetland cell 6 is longer, the hydraulic load and the pollution load of the unit area of the wetland can be uniformly distributed, the occurrence time of the blockage of the wetland filler can be delayed, and the service life of the constructed wetland system can be prolonged.
In this embodiment, the number of water blocking strips 4 is 3, and the number of water permeable strips 5 is 5, so as to divide the wet area 2 into 4 rows and 6 columns. Each wetland cell 6 has a width of 5m. The length L1 of the wetland cells 6 located in the 1 st row in the direction from the water inlet channel 11 to the water outlet channel 3 is 4m, the length L2 of the wetland cells 6 located in the 2 nd row is 4.5m, the length L3 of the wetland cells 6 located in the 3 rd row is 5m, the length L4 of the wetland cells 6 located in the 4 th row is 5.5m, the length L5 of the wetland cells 6 located in the 5 th row is 6.5m, and the length L6 of the wetland cells 6 located in the 6 th row is 7.5m. The length of each row of wetland cells 6 is limited, so that the pollution load of the unit area of the wetland is favorably and uniformly distributed, the time for each wetland cell 6 to reach the pollution limit is close, the time for the constructed wetland to be blocked by the filler is prolonged, and the service life of the whole constructed wetland system is prolonged.
In other embodiments, the lengths of the wetland cells 6 are defined, and the lengths of adjacent rows of the wetland cells 6 in the direction from the water inlet channel 1 to the water outlet channel 3 satisfy the relationship: l (n+1)/ln=1.1: 1 to 1.5:1, a step of; where Ln is the length of the nth row of wetland cells 6 in the direction from the water inlet channel 1 to the water outlet channel 3, and L (n+1) is the length of the nth+1 row of wetland cells 6 in the direction from the water inlet channel 1 to the water outlet channel 3. The above relation is obtained through experiments, and the pollution load of the unit area of the wetland can be uniformly distributed, so that the service life of the whole constructed wetland system is prolonged. Further, a water inlet grid belt is arranged between the water inlet channel 1 and the wet area 2, and is formed by paving porous water permeable bricks, so that suspended matters with larger water surface can be intercepted, the suspended matters are prevented from being deposited at the water inlet end of the wet area 2, pollutants entering the wet area 2 can be reduced, and the blockage of the filler is delayed.
Each wetland cell 6 in the wetland zone 2 has the same structure and can be independently replaced. Referring to fig. 2, the wetland unit cell 6 includes an aquatic plant layer 61, a first filler layer 62, a second filler layer 63 and a third filler layer 64, which are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, and three filler layers are disposed to purify sewage, so that the operation efficiency of the constructed wetland and the pollutant treatment capacity per unit area can be effectively improved. In this embodiment, the filler particle diameters of the first filler layer 62, the second filler layer 63 and the third filler layer 64 are sequentially increased, and in this embodiment, the filler particle diameter of the first filler layer 62 is 10-20mm, the filler particle diameter of the second filler layer 63 is 20-40mm, and the filler particle diameter of the third filler layer 64 is 40-60mm. Therefore, the particle size distribution of each packing layer is limited, the short circuit or uneven sedimentation of the packing layers is avoided, and the sewage can be ensured to uniformly permeate each packing layer.
Referring to fig. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, the wetland unit cell 6 includes an aquatic plant layer 61, a first filler layer 62, a second filler layer 63, a third filler layer 64, and a bed bottom layer 65, which are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, and the bed bottom layer 65 is formed by paving biomass porous bricks. The sewage flows through the wetland unit, so that inorganic pollutants which are easy to cause the blockage of the wetland can be settled to the bottom layer 65 of the bed body, and the sewage flows to the water outlet end along with the flushing of the water flow, thereby delaying the occurrence time of the blockage of the wetland filler and prolonging the service life of the constructed wetland system.
In this embodiment, the layer height D1 of the first packing layer 62 is 200mm, the layer height D2 of the second packing layer 63 is 200mm, the layer height D3 of the third packing layer 64 is 160mm, and the layer height D4 of the bed bottom 65 is 240mm. The layer height of each packing layer is limited, so that the time for each packing layer to reach the pollution limit is close, the packing layer can be utilized to the highest limit, and the service life of the wetland unit cell is prolonged.
In other embodiments, the layer heights of the first filler layer 62, the second filler layer 63, and the third filler layer 64 satisfy the relationship: d1: d2: d3 =1: (1-1.5): (0.8-1.5); where D1 is the layer height of the first filler 62, D2 is the layer height of the second filler 63, and D3 is the layer height of the third filler 64. The height relation of each packing layer is determined through experiments, and the fact that the relation is met is beneficial to enabling the time of each packing layer reaching the pollution limit to be close, and prolonging the service life of the wetland unit cell.
The biomass bricks, the biomass permeable bricks, the biomass porous bricks and the matrixes of the packing layers in the embodiment are biomass packing materials, and the biomass packing materials are formed by processing straws through calcining, crushing, screening and molding processes. It contains more than ten mineral substances and microelements such as carbon, silicon, aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, sodium, titanium and manganese, etc., and is beneficial to aquaticThe plant root system grows, and the biomass filler contains metal oxides such as calcium oxide and aluminum oxide, can carry out complex reaction with phosphate in water to form phosphate precipitate, so that the concentration of the phosphate in water is reduced, and the purification effect is achieved. The surface of the biomass filler is of a microporous structure, and the specific surface area is 15-20m 2 And/g, the microbial agent has a pollutant adsorption function, can slowly release alkalinity, and is beneficial to the growth and propagation of microorganisms.
Further, the packing layer in the above embodiment is formed by paving modularized biomass packing, and the modularized biomass packing has the advantages of high compressive strength, high water permeability, high impact load resistance, easiness in adsorbing pollutants and the like, can be assembled and spliced, and is convenient for replacing the packing of the wetland unit cells 6. And the modularized filler can change the flow path of water flow through structural design, prolong the length of the flow path, provide purification efficiency and effectively delay the occurrence time of filler blockage.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a cell format constructed wetland system, its characterized in that, including inlet channel (1), wet area (2) and the play ditch (3) that set gradually, inlet channel (1) with play ditch (3) cover the both sides edge of wet area (2), be equipped with many water blocking area (4) and many vertically arranged's permeable belt (5) in wet area (2), water blocking area (4) are laid by the biomass brick and are formed, permeable belt (5) are laid by the biomass brick, water blocking area (4) with permeable belt (5) will wet area (2) are cut apart into wet cell (6) of a plurality of rectangles, and each wet cell (6)'s width equals, follows inlet channel (1) to play ditch (3) direction, each row the length of wet cell (6) increases gradually, and adjacent row the length of wet cell (6) satisfies the relation:
L(n+1)/Ln=1.1：1~1.5：1；
wherein Ln is the length of the nth row of wetland cells (6) along the direction from the water inlet channel (1) to the water outlet channel (3), and L (n+1) is the length of the nth+1th row of wetland cells (6) along the direction from the water inlet channel (1) to the water outlet channel (3).
2. The cellular constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein a water inlet grid belt is arranged between said water inlet channel (1) and said wet area (2), said water inlet grid belt being laid by porous water permeable bricks.
3. The cellular type constructed wetland system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wetland unit cell (6) comprises an aquatic plant layer (61), a first filler layer (62), a second filler layer (63) and a third filler layer (64) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the filler particle diameters of the first filler layer (62), the second filler layer (63) and the third filler layer (64) are sequentially increased.
4. A cellular format constructed wetland system according to claim 3, characterized in that said first filler layer (62), said second filler layer (63) and said third filler layer (64) are laid up from modular fillers.
5. The cellular type constructed wetland system according to claim 4, wherein the matrix of said biomass brick, said biomass water permeable brick, said first filler layer (62), said second filler layer (63) and said third filler layer (64) is a biomass filler, said biomass filler being formed by processing straw through calcination, crushing, screening and molding processes.
6. The cellular constructed wetland system according to claim 5, wherein the surface of said biomass filler has a microporous structure and a specific surface area of 15-20m 2 /g。
7. A cellular type constructed wetland system according to claim 3, wherein the filler particle diameter of said first filler layer (62) is 10-20mm, the filler particle diameter of said second filler layer (63) is 20-40mm, and the filler particle diameter of said third filler layer (64) is 40-60mm.
8. The cellular constructed wetland system according to claim 4, wherein said wetland cells (6) comprise a bed bottom layer (65) disposed below said third filler layer (64), said bed bottom layer (65) being laid from biomass porous bricks.
9. The cellular format constructed wetland system according to claim 4, wherein the layer heights of said first filler layer (62), said second filler layer (63) and said third filler layer (64) satisfy the relationship:
D1：D2：D3 =1：（1-1.5）：（0.8-1.5）；
wherein D1 is the layer height of the first filler layer (62), D2 is the layer height of the second filler layer (63), and D3 is the layer height of the third filler layer (64).
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