CN114571989A - Wheel limit drive structure, wheel limit drive assembly and vehicle - Google Patents
Wheel limit drive structure, wheel limit drive assembly and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114571989A CN114571989A CN202011378537.3A CN202011378537A CN114571989A CN 114571989 A CN114571989 A CN 114571989A CN 202011378537 A CN202011378537 A CN 202011378537A CN 114571989 A CN114571989 A CN 114571989A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
- B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0061—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being parallel to the wheel axle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wheel edge driving structure, a wheel edge driving assembly and a vehicle, wherein the wheel edge driving structure comprises a planetary gear train, a driving motor unit and a speed regulating motor unit, wherein the planetary gear train comprises a sun gear, a gear ring and a planet carrier for driving wheels; or the planetary gear train comprises a double planet carrier for driving wheels and a small sun gear and a large sun gear, wherein the rotation axes of the small sun gear and the large sun gear are coincident, the speed regulating motor unit is in transmission connection with the small sun gear, and the driving motor unit is in transmission connection with the large sun gear. The wheel side driving assembly and the vehicle comprise a left wheel side driving structure and a right wheel side driving structure which share a driving motor unit, and the left wheel side driving structure and the right wheel side driving structure both comprise the wheel side driving structure. The wheel driving structure has the advantages of simple and compact structure, good installation performance, higher average efficiency of the wheel driving assembly and the vehicle and relatively lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wheel-side driving structures, in particular to a wheel-side driving structure, a wheel-side driving assembly and a vehicle.
Background
With the development of vehicle technology, electric vehicles are becoming more and more popular. For example, a four-wheel independent drive system of an electric vehicle drives four wheels of the vehicle by four motors each independently, and the torque and speed of the four wheels can be precisely controlled independently of each other, thereby bringing a series of advantages such as realization of a smaller radius turn, an auxiliary ESP function, an auxiliary steering function, an auxiliary braking function, and the like. The existing four-wheel independent driving system is generally large in size, heavy and high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wheel-side driving structure, a wheel-side driving assembly and a vehicle, wherein the wheel-side driving structure is simple and compact in structure and good in installation performance, and the wheel-side driving assembly and the vehicle are high in average efficiency and relatively low in cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wheel-side driving structure including a planetary gear train, a driving motor unit, and a speed-adjusting motor unit, wherein,
the planetary gear train comprises a sun gear, a gear ring and a planet carrier for driving wheels, wherein a planet gear of the planet carrier is respectively in meshing transmission with the sun gear and the gear ring, the speed regulating motor unit is in transmission connection with the sun gear, and the driving motor unit is in transmission connection with the gear ring; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the planetary gear train comprises a double planet carrier for driving wheels, a small sun wheel and a large sun wheel, wherein the rotation axes of the small sun wheel and the large sun wheel are coincident, an outer planet wheel of the double planet carrier is in meshing transmission with the large sun wheel, an inner planet wheel of the double planet carrier is in meshing transmission with the small sun wheel, the speed regulating motor unit is in transmission connection with the small sun wheel, and the driving motor unit is in transmission connection with the large sun wheel.
In the technical scheme, because the planetary gear train is adopted for power input, adjustment input and power output, the wheel driving structure has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple and compact structure, good installation performance, higher transmission efficiency and the like. The large sun gear can be used as a gear ring element to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the planetary gear train and reduce the production cost by adopting the wheel edge driving structure with the double planetary carriers, and the speed ratio range of the wheel edge driving structure with the double planetary carriers is wider.
In some embodiments, the governor motor output shaft of the governor motor unit may be drivingly connected to the sun gear or the small sun gear through a governor motor reduction gear set.
In some embodiments, a one-way clutch is arranged between the sun gear or the small sun gear and the output shaft of the speed regulating motor.
In some embodiments, adjusting the motor reduction gear set may include:
the first adjusting motor reduction gear is in coaxial transmission connection with an output shaft of the speed adjusting motor; and
and the second adjusting motor reduction gear is in meshing transmission with the first adjusting motor reduction gear and is in coaxial transmission connection with the sun gear or the small sun gear.
In some embodiments, the planet carrier or double planet carrier may be drivingly connected to the wheels through an output reduction gear set.
In some embodiments, the output reduction gear set may include:
the first output reduction gear is in meshing transmission with the planet carrier or the double planet carriers;
the second output reduction gear is in coaxial transmission connection with the first output reduction gear; and
and the third output reduction gear is in meshing transmission with the second output reduction gear and is in transmission connection with the wheels.
In some embodiments, the drive motor unit and the large sun gear or ring gear may be in coaxial drive connection.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a wheel-side driving assembly, which comprises a left wheel-side driving structure and a right wheel-side driving structure, wherein the left wheel-side driving structure and the right wheel-side driving structure both comprise the wheel-side driving structures, the driving motor unit of the left wheel-side driving structure and the driving motor unit of the right wheel-side driving structure are jointly arranged into a shared driving motor unit with a left driving motor output shaft and a right driving motor output shaft, the left driving motor output shaft is in transmission connection with the large sun gear or the gear ring of the left wheel-side driving structure, and the right driving motor output shaft is in transmission connection with the large sun gear or the gear ring of the right wheel-side driving structure.
In some embodiments, the common drive motor of the common drive motor unit may be a dual output shaft motor.
In some embodiments, the speed motor unit of the left wheel-side drive configuration and the speed motor unit of the right wheel-side drive configuration and the common drive motor unit are both disposed between the planetary gear train of the left wheel-side drive configuration and the planetary gear train of the right wheel-side drive configuration.
In addition, the invention also provides a vehicle which is provided with the wheel-side driving assembly.
The wheel side driving assembly can realize independent driving of the left wheel and the right wheel through one driving motor, two low-power adjusting motors and two planetary gear trains, the vehicle can adopt two sets of wheel side driving assemblies, namely four-wheel independent driving can be realized through the two driving motors, the four low-power adjusting motors and the four planetary gear trains, and compared with an existing independent driving system with one driving motor arranged corresponding to one wheel, the wheel side driving assembly and the vehicle adopt a structural form that two wheels share one common driving motor, so that the average efficiency is greatly improved, and the production cost is correspondingly greatly reduced. In addition, when the wheel on one side of the vehicle adopting the wheel edge driving assembly enters a wet and slippery road surface or sinks into a mud pit, the torque of the driving motor is automatically output to the wheel on the other side, the difficulty removing capability of the vehicle is greatly enhanced, a locking mechanism or a slip limiting mechanism is not needed, the structure can be simplified, and the production cost can be saved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1, 2 and 3 respectively show structural schematic views of a wheel-side driving structure according to different embodiments of the present invention;
FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 respectively illustrate structural schematics of a wheel-side drive assembly according to various embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 9 illustrates a control scheme for a straight-driving condition of a vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 illustrates a control scheme for a vehicle during a driving turn condition in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 illustrates a control scheme for an in-situ positive and negative turn condition of a vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 illustrates a control scheme for a vehicle under low speed cornering conditions according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 illustrates a control scheme for a vehicle according to the present invention in a straight-drive reverse condition;
FIG. 14 illustrates a control scheme for a vehicle in a reverse turning condition according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
100 wheel edge driving structure
101 planetary gear train 1011 sun gear
1012 ring gear 1013 carrier
10131 planetary 1014 small sun gear
1015 big sun gear 1016 double planet carrier
10161 outer planetary wheel 10162 inner planetary wheel
102 left driving motor output shaft of driving motor unit 1021
1022 speed-regulating motor unit of right driving motor output shaft 103
1031 speed regulating motor output shaft 104 regulating motor reduction gear set
1041 first adjusting motor reduction gear 1042 second adjusting motor reduction gear
105 one-way clutch 106 output reduction gear set
1061 first output reduction gear 1062 second output reduction gear
1063 third output reduction gear 200 wheel
300 round of limit drive assembly 301 left wheel limit drive structure
302 right wheel side driving structure 303 share driving motor unit
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention and are not restrictive thereof.
The wheel rim drive structure 100, the wheel rim drive assembly 300, and the vehicle of the invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 14 of the drawings.
The invention provides a wheel driving structure with a novel structure, and the wheel driving structure 100 comprises a planetary gear train 101, a driving motor unit 102 and a speed regulating motor unit 103, wherein the planetary gear train 101 in the technical scheme can comprise two different structural forms, and correspondingly, the planetary gear train 101 is respectively adaptively changed with a transmission structure between the driving motor unit 102 and the speed regulating motor unit 103. The planetary gear train 101 in the first structural form comprises a sun gear 1011, a gear ring 1012 and a planet carrier 1013 for driving the wheel 200, wherein planet wheels 10131 of the planet carrier 1013 are respectively meshed with the sun gear 1011 and the gear ring 1012 for transmission, the adjustable-speed motor unit 103 is in transmission connection with the sun gear 1011, and the driving motor unit 102 is in transmission connection with the gear ring 1012. The planetary gear train 101 of the second structure form comprises a double planet, a small sun gear 1014 and a large sun gear 1015, wherein the rotation axis of the small sun gear 1014 is coincident with the rotation axis of the large sun gear 1015, the outer planet gear 10161 of the double planet carrier 1016 is in meshing transmission with the large sun gear 1015, the inner planet gear 10162 of the double planet carrier 1016 is in meshing transmission with the small sun gear 1014, the outer planet gear 10161 is in mutual meshing transmission with the inner planet gear 10162, the speed regulating motor unit 103 is in transmission connection with the small sun gear 1014, and the driving motor unit 102 is in transmission connection with the large sun gear 1015.
Wherein, the planetary gear trains 101 with two different structural forms can be selected. In the first embodiment, the ring gear 1012 serves as a drive input element, the sun gear 1011 serves as an adjustment input element, and the carrier 1013 serves as an output element for driving the wheels 200. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the driving motor unit 102 is in transmission connection with the ring gear 1012, the speed-regulating motor unit 103 is in transmission connection with the sun gear 1011, and the carrier 1013 is in transmission connection with the wheel 200. In another embodiment, double carrier 1016 also acts as a power take-off, but large sun gear 1015 acts as a drive input and small sun gear 1014 acts as a modulation input. As shown in fig. 3, the driving motor unit 102 is in driving connection with the large sun gear 1015, the speed-regulating motor unit 103 is in driving connection with the small sun gear 1014, and the double planet carrier 1016 is in driving connection with the wheel 200 as an output element. In the two technical schemes, because the planetary gear train 101 is adopted to carry out power input, regulation input and power output, the wheel driving structure 100 has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple and compact structure, good installation performance, higher transmission efficiency and the like. Moreover, the adjusting motor unit 103 mainly serves to provide a driving pivot, and the rotating speed is low, so that the power of the adjusting motor unit 103 is low, the size, weight and cost of the speed adjusting motor unit 103 can be low, and the cost of the whole wheel driving structure 100 is correspondingly low. In addition, the hub driving structure 100 using the double carrier 1016 can use the large sun gear 1015 as a ring gear element to reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the planetary gear train 101 and reduce the production cost, and the hub driving structure 100 using the double carrier 1016 has a wider range of speed ratios.
In some embodiments, the output shaft 1031 of the speed-regulating motor unit 103 may be in transmission connection with the sun gear 1011 or the small sun gear 1014 through the speed-regulating motor reduction gear set 104, so that the torque of the speed-regulating motor unit 103 may be smaller by adjusting the reduction ratio of the motor reduction gear set 104, and thus the power of the speed-regulating motor unit 103 may also be smaller, that is, the volume of the speed-regulating motor unit 103 may be further smaller, the weight and the cost may also be lower, and the cost of the entire wheel-rim driving structure 100 may also be correspondingly lower.
It should be noted that the structure of the adjustment motor reduction gear set 104 can be varied, that is, the number of gears and the arrangement position of the gears in the adjustment motor reduction gear set 104 can be set according to the actual use situation, and the application is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, adjustment motor reduction gear set 104 includes a first adjustment motor reduction gear 1041 and a second adjustment motor reduction gear 1042. The first adjusting motor reduction gear 1041 is in coaxial transmission connection with the output shaft 1031 of the speed adjusting motor, and the second adjusting motor reduction gear 1042 is in meshing transmission with the first adjusting motor reduction gear 1041 and is in coaxial transmission connection with the sun gear 1011 or the small sun gear 1014. In this embodiment, the specifications of the first adjustment motor reduction gear 1041 and the second adjustment motor reduction gear 1042 can be determined according to the reduction ratio set as required.
In some embodiments, a one-way clutch 105 is provided between the sun gear 1011 or the small sun gear 1014 and the regulating motor unit 103, so that the regulating motor unit 103 can be in a standstill state during a straight-ahead driving mode of the vehicle, thereby saving energy consumption of the regulating motor unit 103. As shown in fig. 1, a one-way clutch 105 is provided between the adjustment motor unit 103 and the sun gear 1011; alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, a one-way clutch 105 is provided between the adjustment motor unit 103 and the small sun gear 1014. The one-way clutch 105 may be provided on the governor motor output shaft 1031, but the present application is not limited thereto, and the one-way clutch 105 may be provided between the governor motor reduction gear set 104 and the sun gear 1011 or the pinion 1014.
In some embodiments, the carrier 1013 or double-carrier 1016 may be drivingly connected to the wheel 200 through the output reduction gear set 106. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the output reduction gear set 106 includes a first output reduction gear 1061, a second output reduction gear 1062, and a third output reduction gear 1063. The first output reduction gear 1061 is in meshing transmission with the planet carrier 1013 or the double-planet carrier 1016, the second output reduction gear 1062 is in coaxial transmission connection with the first output reduction gear 1061, and the third output reduction gear 1063 is in meshing transmission with the second output reduction gear 1062 and is in transmission connection with the wheel 200. It should be noted that the structure of the output reduction gear set 106 may be varied, that is, the number of gears and the arrangement position of the gears in the output reduction gear set 106 may be set according to the actual use situation, and the application is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the specifications of the first output reduction gear 1061, the second output reduction gear 1062, and the third output reduction gear 1063 may be determined according to the reduction ratio set as needed.
In some embodiments, the drive motor unit 102 is in coaxial drive connection with the ring gear 1012, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, or the drive motor unit 102 is in coaxial drive connection with the large sun gear 1015, as shown in fig. 3. Thus, the structure of the wheel-side driving structure 100 can be further simplified and made compact, and the mountability is further improved.
Correspondingly, the present application further provides a wheel-side driving assembly, where the wheel-side driving assembly 300 includes a left wheel-side driving structure 301 and a right wheel-side driving structure 302, the left wheel-side driving structure 301 and the right wheel-side driving structure 302 both include the wheel-side driving structure 100 described above, the driving motor unit 102 of the left wheel-side driving structure 301 and the driving motor unit 102 of the right wheel-side driving structure 302 are jointly configured as a shared driving motor unit 303 having a left driving motor output shaft 1021 and a right driving motor output shaft 1022, the left driving motor output shaft 1021 is in transmission connection with the large sun gear 1015 or the ring gear 1012 of the left wheel-side driving structure 301, and the right driving motor output shaft 1022 is in transmission connection with the large sun gear 1015 or the ring gear 1012 of the right wheel-side driving structure 302.
In the above technical solution, the wheel-side driving assembly 300 can realize independent driving of the left and right wheels 200 through one common driving motor unit 303, two low-power adjusting motor units 103 and two planetary gear trains 101. The vehicle of the application can adopt two sets of wheel-side drive assemblies 300 of the application, namely four-wheel independent drive can be realized by the two common drive motor units 303, the four low-power regulating motor units 103 and the four planetary gear trains 101. Compare with current a wheel and correspond the independent driving system who is equipped with a driving motor, the structural style that two wheels share a common driving motor is adopted to wheel limit drive assembly 300 and vehicle of this application, and not only average efficiency can greatly promote, and manufacturing cost also correspondingly can great reduction. In addition, when the wheel 200 on one side of the vehicle adopting the wheel edge driving assembly 300 enters a wet and slippery road surface or sinks into a mud pit, the torque of the shared driving motor unit 303 is automatically output to the wheel 200 on the other side, the difficulty removing capability of the vehicle is greatly enhanced, a locking mechanism or a limited slip mechanism is not needed, the structure can be simplified, and the production cost can be saved.
The common driving motor of the common driving motor unit 303 may be a dual-output-shaft motor, but the present application is not limited thereto, and the common driving motor of the common driving motor unit 303 may also be a single-output-shaft motor, and at this time, an intermediate transmission connection device capable of performing dual-shaft output is added at an output shaft of the common driving motor. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the transmission structure of the dual-output shaft motor and the intermediate transmission connecting device capable of performing dual-shaft output is a common transmission structure, and details are not described herein in order to avoid a fuzzy focus.
In some embodiments, both carriers 1013 of wheel-side drive assembly 300 act as power output elements, both ring gears 1012 act as drive input elements, and both sun gears 1011 act as adjustment input elements. As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the left drive motor output shaft 1021 of the common drive motor unit 303 is drivingly connected to the ring gear 1012 of the left wheel drive 301, and the right drive motor output shaft 1022 of the common drive motor unit 303 is drivingly connected to the ring gear 1012 of the right wheel drive 302. In both the left wheel drive 301 and the right wheel drive 302, the variable speed motor unit 103 is in driving connection with the sun gear 1011, and the carrier 1013 is always in driving connection with the wheel 200 as an output element. In another embodiment, the two planetary carriers 1013 of the wheel-side drive assembly 300 also serve as power output elements, but the two sun gears 1011 serve as drive input elements and the two ring gears 1012 serve as adjustment input elements. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the left drive motor output shaft 1021 of the common drive motor unit 303 is in driving connection with the large sun gear 1015 of the left wheel-side drive structure 301, and the right drive motor output shaft 1022 of the common drive motor unit 303 is in driving connection with the large sun gear 1015 of the right wheel-side drive structure 302. In both the left and right wheel- side drive configurations 301 and 302, the variable speed motor unit 103 is in driving connection with the small sun gear 1014, and the double carrier 1016 is always in driving connection with the wheel 200 as an output element.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of fig. 4 to 8, the left wheel-side driving structure 301 and the right wheel-side driving structure 302 of the wheel-side driving assembly 300 are both identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged, but the present application is not limited thereto, and the left wheel-side driving structure 301 and the right wheel-side driving structure 302 of the wheel-side driving assembly 300 may be different in structure. For example, the left wheel-side driving structure 301 adopts the planetary gear train 101 with the first structure form, the planet carrier 1013 serves as a power output element, the ring gears 1012 serve as driving input elements, and the sun gear 1011 serves as an adjusting input element; while the right wheel-side drive configuration 302 employs the second configuration of planetary gear train 101 with double carrier 1016 as the power output element, but large sun gear 1015 as the drive input element and small sun gear 1014 as the modulation input element. Alternatively, the left wheel-side drive structure 302 employs the planetary gear train 101 of the second configuration, with the double carrier 1016 as the power output element, the large sun gear 1015 as the drive input element and the small sun gear 1014 as the adjustment input element; while the right wheel-side drive structure 301 employs the planetary gear train 101 of the first configuration with the carrier 1013 as the power output element, the ring gears 1012 as the drive input element and the sun gear 1011 as the adjustment input element. When the left wheel driving structure 301 and the right wheel driving structure 302 of the wheel driving assembly 300 can have different structures, the structures of the left wheel driving structure 301 and the right wheel driving structure 302 can be adaptively adjusted to meet the corresponding performance requirements.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5-8, the governor motor unit 103 of the left wheel-side drive structure 301 and the governor motor unit 103 of the right wheel-side drive structure 302 and the common drive motor unit 303 may each be disposed between the planetary gear train 101 of the left wheel-side drive structure 301 and the planetary gear train 101 of the right wheel-side drive structure 302. Therefore, the whole vehicle can be arranged more reasonably, and the speed regulating motor units 103 of the left wheel side driving structure 301 and the right wheel side driving structure 302 can be arranged symmetrically, so that the whole vehicle structure is simpler and more compact, and the installation performance is better.
In addition, the present application also provides a vehicle provided with the wheel-side driving assembly 300, so that the overall quality of the vehicle is effectively improved.
Specifically, the control scheme of the wheel-side driving assembly 300 of the present application under various driving conditions will be described below by taking the wheel-side driving assembly 300 shown in fig. 5 as an example, and the left wheel-side driving structure 301 and the right wheel-side driving structure 302 of the wheel-side driving assembly 300 are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged. In the control schemes of different driving conditions in fig. 9 to 14, the rotation speed of the common driving motor unit 303 is nM0, the rotation speed of the ring gear 1012 of the left wheel side driving structure 301 is nR1, the rotation speed of the ring gear 1012 of the right wheel side driving structure 302 is nR2, and nM0 are both correspondingly related to nR1 and nR 2; the left wheel driving structure 301 drives the left wheel at nW1, the right wheel driving structure 302 drives the right wheel at nW2, the carrier 1013 of the left wheel driving structure 301 at nH1, the carrier 1013 of the right wheel driving structure 302 at nH2, nW1 and nH1 are correspondingly related, and nW2 and nH2 are correspondingly related; the rotation speed of the governor motor unit 103 of the left wheel side driving structure 301 is nM1, the rotation speed of the governor motor unit 103 of the right wheel side driving structure 302 is nM2, the rotation speed of the sun gear 1011 of the left wheel side driving structure 301 is nS1, the rotation speed of the sun gear 1011 of the right wheel side driving structure 302 is nS2, nM1 is correspondingly related to nS1, and nM2 is correspondingly related to nS 2. TS1, TH1, and TR1 are torques of the sun gear 1011, carrier 1013, and ring gear 1012 of the left wheel-side drive configuration 301, respectively; TS2, TH2, and TR2 are the torques of the sun gear 1011, carrier 1013, and ring gear 1012 of the right wheel-side drive configuration 302, respectively.
Further, the numbers of teeth of the sun gear 1011 and the ring gear 1012 of the left wheel side drive structure 301 are ZS1 and ZR1, respectively, the numbers of teeth of the sun gear 1011 and the ring gear 1012 of the right wheel side drive structure 302 are ZS2 and ZR2, respectively, and K is the ratio of the numbers of teeth of the ring gear 1012 and the sun gear 1011.
When the vehicle normally runs straight, as shown in fig. 9, due to the action of the one-way clutch 105 on the output shaft 1031 of the speed regulating motor, the regulating motor unit 103 is automatically braked by the one-way clutch 105, at this time, the rotation speed and the torque of the regulating motor unit 103 of the left wheel side driving structure 301 and the right wheel side driving structure 302 are both 0, the driving force of the shared driving motor unit 303 is automatically adjusted and distributed according to the ground load of the left and right wheels, and then the vehicle is driven to keep running straight, and the speeds of the left and right wheels are kept consistent.
Wherein, the K is ZR1/ZS1 is ZR2/ZS2, and the characteristic equation of the motion rule of the planetary gear train is defined by
nS1+ K nR1- (1+ K) nH1 ═ 0 and nS2+ K nR2- (1+ K) nH2 ═ 0, it is known that:
torque relationship:
TM0＝TR1+TR2＝K*(TS1+TS2)；
TH1＝TS1+TR1＝(K+1)*TS1，TR1＝K*TS1；
TH2＝TS2+TR2＝(K+1)*TS2，TR1＝K*TS2。
the relationship between the rotating speed:
nS1＝nS2＝0；
nH1＝nH2＝nM0*K/(K+1)。
the power relationship:
PM0＝PH1+PH2。
in addition, under the straight-line driving condition, the sizes of TS1 and TS2 can be adjusted by starting the adjusting motor units 103 of the left wheel side driving structure 301 and the right wheel side driving structure 302, so that the sizes of TH1 and TH2 are controlled, the driving torques of the left wheel and the right wheel are actively adjusted according to needs, and the function of independent driving is realized. The utility model provides a four-wheel individual drive of vehicle has abandoned traditional differential mechanism structure, and the rotational speed and the moment of torsion that have realized every wheel can all independently adjust control to improve transmission efficiency, increased control stability, independent drive's electron differential function and locking function make its vehicle possess very strong ability of getting rid of poverty simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 10, the left wheel rotates faster than the right wheel, with nH1> nH 2. That is, when a right turn is required, the rotation speed nM0 of the common drive motor unit 303 is controlled to decrease, and the adjustment motor unit 103 of the left wheel side drive structure 301 is controlled to increase the rotation speed nS1 of the sun gear 1011 connected thereto, as can be seen from fig. 10, at this time, nH1> nH2, that is, the rotation speed of the left wheel is greater than the rotation speed of the right wheel, and thus the turn is realized.
Wherein, the K is ZR1/ZS1 is ZR2/ZS2, and the characteristic equation of the motion rule of the planetary gear train is defined by
nS1+ KnR1- (1+ K) nH1 ═ 0 and nS2+ KnR2- (1+ K) nH2 ═ 0, it was found that:
torque relationship:
TM0＝TR1+TR2＝K*(TS1+TS2)；
TH1＝TS1+TR1＝(K+1)*TS1，TR1＝K*TS1；
TH2＝TS2+TR2＝(K+1)*TS2，TR1＝K*TS2。
the relationship between the rotating speed:
nS1>0，nS2＝0；
nH1>nH2。
the power relationship:
PM0 ≈ PH1+ PH2 (the rotation speed and torque of the adjustment motor unit 103 are small).
Similarly, when the vehicle is in the pivot steering condition, one wheel can rotate in the forward direction and one wheel can rotate in the reverse direction, as shown in fig. 11, it can be seen from fig. 11 that the common driving motor unit 303 works in the reverse direction, the adjusting motor unit 103 of the left wheel side driving structure 301 and the adjusting motor unit 103 of the right wheel side driving structure 302 are under forward force and under reverse force, the rotating speed of the adjusting motor unit 103 of the right wheel side driving structure 302 can be 0, and can also rotate in the forward direction, at this time, nH1>0, nH2<0, that is, the left wheel rotates in the forward direction and the right wheel rotates in the reverse direction, so that the turning is realized.
When the vehicle is in a low-speed steering working condition, the two wheels can rotate at a low speed in a forward direction, the working condition is as shown in fig. 12, and as can be seen from analysis of fig. 12, at this time, the common driving motor unit 303 works in the forward direction, both the two adjusting motor units 103 are under forward stress, the rotating speed of the adjusting motor unit 103 of the right wheel side driving structure 302 can be 0, or can rotate in the forward direction, at this time, nH1> nH2>0, that is, the rotating speed of the left wheel is greater than that of the right wheel, so that turning is realized.
When the vehicle is in a straight-ahead reverse operating condition, the operating condition is as shown in fig. 13, and as can be seen from analysis of fig. 13, contrary to the straight-ahead operating condition, the torque directions of the adjustment motor unit 103 of the left-wheel-side driving structure 301 and the adjustment motor unit 103 of the right-wheel-side driving structure 302 are both reversed, the one-way clutch 105 does not work, the rotation speed and the torque of the adjustment motor units 103 of the left-wheel-side driving structure 301 and the right-wheel-side driving structure 302 are both 0, the rotation direction and the torque direction of the common driving motor unit 303 are reversed, the driving force of the common driving motor unit 303 is automatically adjusted and distributed according to the ground loads of the left and right wheels, so that the vehicle is driven to maintain straight-line running, the speeds of the left and right wheels are kept consistent, and nH1 is nH2 at this time.
Similarly, when the vehicle is in a reverse turning condition, the turning direction and the torque direction of the common driving motor unit 303 are opposite, the operation is as shown in fig. 14, and as can be seen from the analysis of fig. 14, the adjustment motor unit 103 of the left wheel side driving structure 301 is controlled to increase the rotation speed nS1 of the sun gear 1011 connected thereto, at this time: nS1> nS2, nH1< nH2, so that reverse turning is achieved.
It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, the control schemes under various different driving conditions of the wheel-side driving assembly 300 shown in fig. 8 may refer to the control schemes under various different driving conditions of the wheel-side driving assembly 300 shown in fig. 5, at this time, the relevant parameters corresponding to the planet carrier 1013, the ring gear 1012, and the sun gear 1011 of the wheel-side driving assembly 300 shown in fig. 5 may be replaced by the relevant parameters corresponding to the double planet carrier 1016, the large sun gear 1015, and the small sun gear 1014 of the wheel-side driving assembly 300 shown in fig. 8, and details are not repeated here.
In conclusion, the wheel-side driving structure, the wheel-side driving assembly and the vehicle are novel in structure, the wheel-side driving structure is simple and compact in structure and good in installation performance, and the wheel-side driving assembly and the vehicle are high in average efficiency and relatively low in cost.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A wheel-side driving structure, characterized in that the wheel-side driving structure (100) comprises a planetary gear train (101), a driving motor unit (102) and a speed-regulating motor unit (103), wherein,
the planetary gear train (101) comprises a sun gear (1011), a gear ring (1012) and a planet carrier (1013) for driving a wheel (200), a planet gear (10131) of the planet carrier (1013) is in meshing transmission with the sun gear (1011) and the gear ring (1012), the speed regulating motor unit (103) is in transmission connection with the sun gear (1011), and the driving motor unit (102) is in transmission connection with the gear ring (1012); alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the planetary gear train (101) comprises a double planet carrier for driving wheels (200) and a small sun gear (1014) and a large sun gear (1015) with coincident rotation axes, an outer planet gear (10161) of the double planet carrier (1016) is in meshing transmission with the large sun gear (1015), an inner planet gear (10162) of the double planet carrier (1016) is in meshing transmission with the small sun gear (1014), the speed regulating motor unit (103) is in transmission connection with the small sun gear (1014), and the driving motor unit (102) is in transmission connection with the large sun gear (1015).
2. A wheel rim drive structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the governor motor output shaft (1031) of the governor motor unit (103) is in driving connection with the sun gear (1011) or the small sun gear (1014) through a governor motor reduction gear set (104).
3. A wheel-rim drive arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that a one-way clutch (105) is provided between the sun wheel (1011) or the small sun wheel (1014) and the speed-regulating motor output shaft (1031).
4. A wheel-side drive arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the regulating-motor reduction gear set (104) comprises:
the first adjusting motor reduction gear (1041) is in coaxial transmission connection with the output shaft (1031) of the speed adjusting motor; and
and the second adjusting motor reduction gear (1042) is in meshing transmission with the first adjusting motor reduction gear (1041) and is in coaxial transmission connection with the sun gear (1011) or the small sun gear (1014).
5. A wheel-side drive arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the planet carrier (1013) or the double planet carrier (1016) is in driving connection with the wheel (200) via an output reduction gear set (106).
6. A wheel-side drive arrangement according to claim 5, characterised in that the output reduction gear set (106) comprises:
a first output reduction gear (1061) in meshing transmission with the carrier (1013) or the double carrier (1016);
the second output speed reduction gear (1062) is in coaxial transmission connection with the first output speed reduction gear (1061); and
and the third output speed reduction gear (1063) is in meshed transmission with the second output speed reduction gear (1062) and is in transmission connection with the wheels (200).
7. A wheel-rim drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive motor unit (102) is in coaxial transmission connection with the large sun gear (1015) or the ring gear (1012).
8. Wheel-rim drive assembly, characterized in that the wheel-rim drive assembly (300) comprises a left wheel-rim drive structure (301) and a right wheel-rim drive structure (302), the left wheel-rim drive structure (301) and the right wheel-rim drive structure (302) each comprising a wheel-rim drive structure (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the drive motor unit (102) of the left wheel-rim drive structure (301) and the drive motor unit (102) of the right wheel-rim drive structure (302) being jointly arranged as a common drive motor unit (303) having a left drive motor output shaft (1021) and a right drive motor output shaft (1022), the left drive motor output shaft (1021) being in driving connection with the large sun wheel (1015) or the ring gear (1012) of the left wheel-rim drive structure (301), the right drive motor output shaft (1022) being in driving connection with the large sun wheel (1015) or the ring gear (1012) of the right wheel-rim drive structure (302) And (4) dynamic connection.
9. A wheel-rim drive assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the common drive motor of the common drive motor unit (303) is a dual output shaft motor.
10. A wheel-side drive assembly according to claim 8, wherein the governor motor unit (103) of the left wheel-side drive structure (301) and the governor motor unit (103) of the right wheel-side drive structure (302) and the common drive motor unit (303) are both arranged between the planetary gear train (101) of the left wheel-side drive structure (301) and the planetary gear train (101) of the right wheel-side drive structure (302).
11. A vehicle, characterized in that it is provided with a wheel-side drive assembly (300) according to any one of claims 8 to 10.
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| CN202011378537.3A CN114571989A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Wheel limit drive structure, wheel limit drive assembly and vehicle |
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| US20180099561A1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-12 | Nio Nextev Limited | Power coupling system for electric vehicle, electric vehicle having the same and control method thereof |
| CN110654232A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Wheel driving system and vehicle |
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| US20130130856A1 (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2013-05-23 | Beijing Zhi Ke Investment And Management Co., Ltd. | Electric vehicle driving system |
| WO2017107849A1 (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power drive system and vehicle having said power drive system |
| CN106915237A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-07-04 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power-driven system and the vehicle with the power-driven system |
| US20180099561A1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-12 | Nio Nextev Limited | Power coupling system for electric vehicle, electric vehicle having the same and control method thereof |
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