CN114571388A - Machining fixing device for shaft parts and debugging method of machining fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a processing and fixing device for shaft parts and a debugging method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of complicated operation, long time and low efficiency during horizontal positioning of the current shaft parts. The device includes a base, an adjustable support assembly and a fixed support assembly. The adjustable support assembly includes an adjustable V-shaped block, a first adjustable pressing unit and an adjustment unit; the adjustment unit includes a U-shaped frame, and a The cross beam, the adjusting screw rod and the locking screw, the adjusting screw rod penetrates the cross beam from the lower end and abuts against the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block; the locking screw is in contact with the side surface of the adjustable V-shaped block. The method is: 1. Install the processing fixture and adjust the straightness to be ≤0.02 through the cylindrical standard part; 2. Select two positioning circles, and calculate the number of turns that the adjustment screw needs to rotate according to the radii of the two positioning circles; 3. Measurement adjustment The straightness of the upper end of the parts to be processed shall be ≤0.02; 4. Measure and remove the parts to be processed.

Description

A processing fixing device for shaft parts and its debugging method

technical field

The invention relates to a processing fixing device and a debugging method thereof, in particular to a processing fixing device for shaft parts and a debugging method thereof.

Background technique

As we all know, the combination fixture is simple to manufacture, low cost, widely used, and has a variety of combination forms. Therefore, the combination fixture has become the earliest and most used clamping element, and is widely used in the clamping and positioning structure of mechanical engineering. It is widely used in various fields of the national economy. plays an important role in. However, the assembly of the combined fixture is very cumbersome. When positioning the shaft parts, in order to ensure that the axis of the parts is in a horizontal state, it is necessary to calculate and select a suitable pad for height adjustment. Generally, 3-4 spacers are required for stacking. Therefore, how to easily level the axis of the shaft parts is particularly important.

At present, in the process of trial production of new products, a combination fixture is usually used to fix the parts to be processed. As shown in Figure 1, a combination fixture fixing device includes a bottom plate 01, a V-shaped block 02, a pressure plate 03 and a series of pads with different thicknesses 04; V-shaped block 02 is used to support the lower part of the part to be processed. According to the different diameters at the first positioning point and the second positioning point between the two pressure plates 03 and the part to be measured, the height is adjusted by the spacer block 04. The top of the part to be processed is pressed and fixed by pressing plate 03; since the height adjustment of the spacer block 04 is discontinuous, the process of calculating the thickness of the spacer block 04, adjusting the number of the spacer block 04 and assembling the combined fixture will seriously affect the part debugging time .

The Chinese patent with publication number CN207534420U discloses a fixing fixture for shaft parts, which can adjust the position of the support plate and the height of the V-shaped groove to realize the clamping of the crankshaft to be processed on the V-shaped groove. The height can be adjusted, so as to realize the drilling of different positions of the crankshaft. However, this patent mainly adjusts the height of the fixed fixture to realize the height adjustment of the crankshaft to be processed, and does not disclose the specific leveling method of the crankshaft to be processed on the V-groove.

The Chinese patent with publication number CN211192577U discloses a positioning device for shaft parts processing. The positioning device rotates the screw through the runner, so as to use the screw to drive the screw sleeve to move downward, and then simultaneously pull the four pins through the ejector rod. The slider moves to the center of the circle, and uses the four clamping feet to act on the surface of the shaft parts at the same time. When the four clamping feet move synchronously, the shaft center of the shaft part and the center of the upper chuck can be coincident. However, the positioning device provided in this patent is for positioning one end of the shaft part to be processed, and does not involve the problem of fixing and leveling the shaft part along the extending direction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of complicated operation, long use time and low efficiency during horizontal positioning of the current shaft parts, and proposes a processing and fixing device for shaft parts and a debugging method thereof.

The technical scheme of the present invention is:

A processing and fixing device for shaft parts, which is special in that it includes a base, an adjustable support assembly and a fixed support assembly arranged on the base;

The adjustable support assembly includes an adjustable V-shaped block, a first adjustable pressing unit disposed at the upper end of the adjustable V-shaped block, and an adjustment unit disposed at the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block;

The fixed support assembly includes a fixed V-shaped block and a second adjustable pressing unit arranged on the fixed V-shaped block;

The first adjustable pressing unit and the second adjustable pressing unit are used for pressing and fixing the parts to be processed;

The adjustment unit includes a U-shaped frame, a beam arranged in the U-shaped frame, an adjustment screw and a locking screw. The beam has a threaded through hole. the lower end of the abutment;

The locking screw penetrates through the outer side of the U-shaped frame, and can abut with the side of the adjustable V-shaped block for locking and fixing after the adjustable V-shaped block is adjusted to a proper position.

Further, the first adjustable pressing unit includes a first support rod disposed on the upper end face of the adjustable V-shaped block, a first pressure plate and a first screw pressure rod rotatably connected to the first support rod, the first A pressure plate is provided with a first internal threaded hole, the first screw pressure rod is provided with a first external thread matched with the first internal threaded hole, and one end of the first screw pressure rod close to the adjustable V-shaped block is provided with a the first pressing block;

The second adjustable pressing unit includes a second support rod arranged on the upper end face of the fixed V-shaped block, a second pressure plate and a second screw pressure rod rotatably connected with the second support rod, and the second pressure plate is provided with There is a second internal threaded hole, the second screw pressure rod is provided with a second external thread that matches the second internal threaded hole, and the end of the second screw pressure rod close to the fixed V-shaped block is provided with a second pressure block .

Further, the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block is provided with a blind hole, and the adjusting screw rod is inserted into the blind hole after passing through the threaded through hole from the lower end of the beam.

Further, the included angle between the two inclined surfaces of the adjustable V-shaped block and the V-shaped groove of the fixed V-shaped block is 60°-120°.

Further, the adjustable support assembly and the fixed support assembly are fixedly connected to the base through fixing screws and nuts;

The base is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, and the end caps of the fixing screws are adapted to the sliding grooves, so as to realize the free sliding of the end caps of the fixing screws in the sliding grooves;

The sliding groove includes a plurality of long sliding grooves parallel to the extending direction of the part to be processed and a plurality of short sliding grooves perpendicular to the extending direction of the part to be processed and intersecting with the long sliding groove 11 .

At the same time, the present invention also provides a debugging method for the above-mentioned processing fixing device for shaft parts, which is special in that it includes the following steps:

S1. Install the processing fixing device, install the cylindrical standard part between the adjustable V-shaped block and the fixed V-shaped block, and tighten the locking screw; perform straightness on the upper and side ends of the cylindrical standard part along the extension direction of the cylindrical standard part respectively. Detect and measure the straightness F1 of the upper end of the cylindrical standard part and the straightness F2 of the side end of the cylindrical standard part. If F1≤0.02 and F2≤0.02, the processing fixture has been leveled; if F1>0.02, the adjustable Fine-tune the adjusting screw at the lower end of the V-block; if F2>0.02, fine-tune the bottom plate until the straightness of the cylindrical standard part meets the requirements;

S2, remove the cylindrical standard part, select the first positioning circle and the second positioning circle on the part to be processed, and measure the diameters of the first positioning circle and the second positioning circle respectively; adjust the adjustable support assembly after step S1 leveling and The fixed support assembly is moved to an appropriate position, so that the first positioning circle is in contact with the adjustable V-shaped block, and the second positioning circle is in contact with the fixed V-shaped block;

和公式N＝H/P，计算出调节螺杆需要旋转的圈数，其中，H为需要调节的高度，R1为第一定位圆的半径，R2为第二定位圆的半径，α为可调V型块和固定V型块上的V型槽两个斜面的夹角，N为调节螺杆需要旋转的圈数，P为调节螺杆的螺距；根据计算结果，拧松锁紧螺钉，旋转N圈调节螺杆调节可调V型块的高度，拧紧锁紧螺钉；S3, according to the formula

And the formula N=H/P, calculate the number of turns that the adjusting screw needs to rotate, where H is the height to be adjusted, R1 is the radius of the first positioning circle, R2 is the radius of the second positioning circle, and α is the adjustable V The angle between the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped groove on the V-shaped block and the fixed V-shaped block, N is the number of turns that the adjusting screw needs to rotate, and P is the pitch of the adjusting screw; according to the calculation result, loosen the locking screw and rotate N turns to adjust Adjust the height of the adjustable V-block with the screw, and tighten the locking screw;

S4. Measure the straightness F' of the upper end of the part to be processed after adjustment in step S3. If F'≤0.02, the processing fixture has been leveled; if F'>0.02, then the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block fine-tune the adjusting screw until the straightness of the part to be processed meets the requirements;

S5. Rotate the first screw pressure rod and the second screw pressure rod downward, fix the parts to be processed on the adjustable V-shaped block and the fixed V-shaped block that have been adjusted, and rotate the first screw pressure rod and the fixed V-shaped block upward after the processing is completed. The second screw press rod to remove the finished shaft parts.

N＝H/P。Further, in step S1, the angle between the adjustable V-shaped block and the V-shaped groove of the fixed V-shaped block is 90°, and correspondingly, the calculation formula in step S3 is:

N=H/P.

Further, to process parts of the same batch, in step S2, before selecting the first positioning circle and the second positioning circle on the parts to be processed, the parts to be processed are first placed on the adjustable support assembly and the fixed support assembly. , make the designated step of the part to be processed abut the inner side of the adjustable support assembly or the fixed support assembly, and select the position where the part to be processed and the V-shaped groove slope of the adjustable V-shaped block and the fixed V-shaped block are connected as the first The positioning circle and the second positioning circle are used to facilitate the axial positioning of the same batch of parts during processing.

Further, in step S1, the straightness F of the measuring cylindrical standard part is measured by using a dial indicator.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The processing and fixing device for shaft parts provided by the present invention can realize the continuous adjustment of the height of the adjustable V-shaped block by adjusting the screw rod, thereby realizing the stepless leveling of the shaft parts, overcoming the discontinuous pad block of the existing combined fixture The disadvantage of adjustment is that the adjustment precision is higher and the use is more convenient.

2. In the debugging method provided by the present invention, by selecting the appropriate first positioning circle and second positioning circle, there can be a variety of assembly methods for the same shaft part, which can realize the fixation of most shaft parts, and the versatility. powerful.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing combined fixture fixing device;

The reference numbers in Figure 1 are as follows:

01- bottom plate, 02- V-shaped block, 03- pressure plate, 04- spacer block;

FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an embodiment of the processing fixing device for shaft parts according to the present invention;

3 is a front view of an embodiment of a processing fixture for shaft parts according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the left side view of the embodiment of the processing fixing device for shaft parts according to the present invention;

5 is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable support assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a cross-sectional view of a fixed support assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of measuring the straightness of the upper end of the cylindrical standard part in the embodiment of the debugging method for the processing fixing device for shaft parts according to the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of measuring the straightness of the side end of the cylindrical standard part in the embodiment of the debugging method for the processing and fixing device for shaft parts according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of height adjustment in an embodiment of a debugging method for a machining and fixing device for shaft parts according to the present invention.

The reference numbers in Figures 2-9 are as follows:

1-base, 11-long sliding groove, 12-short sliding groove, 2-adjustable support assembly, 21-adjustable V-block, 22-first screw pressure rod, 23-first pressure plate, 24-first pressure block, 25-first support rod, 26-adjustment unit, 261-lock screw, 262-U-frame, 263-beam, 264-adjustment screw, 27-first nut, 28-first fixing screw, 3- Fixed support assembly, 31-Fixed V-block, 32-Second screw press rod, 33-Second press plate, 34-Second press block, 35-Second support rod, 36-Second nut, 37-Second fixing Screws, 4-Parts to be processed, 5-Cylinder standard parts, 6-Dial indicator.

Detailed ways

In this example, "up" and "down" are along the direction perpendicular to the base 1, the base 1 is on the bottom, and the adjustable V-shaped block 21 and the fixed V-shaped block 31 are on the top.

2 to 6, the present embodiment discloses a processing and fixing device for shaft parts, the device includes a base 1 and an adjustable support assembly 2 and a fixed support assembly 3 arranged on the base 1;

The adjustable support assembly 2 includes an adjustable V-shaped block 21 , a first adjustable pressing unit disposed at the upper end of the adjustable V-shaped block 21 , and an adjustment unit 26 disposed at the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block 21 .

Specifically, the first adjustable pressing unit is used for pressing and fixing the part to be processed 4 , and includes a first support rod 25 disposed on the upper end face of the adjustable V-shaped block 21 , and a first support rod 25 rotatably connected to the first support rod 25 . The pressure plate 23 and the first screw pressure rod 22, the first pressure plate 23 is provided with a first internal threaded hole, the first screw pressure rod 22 is provided with a first external thread adapted to the first internal threaded hole, and the first screw pressure rod 22 is provided with a first pressing block 24 near one end of the adjustable V-shaped block 21 .

The adjustment unit 26 includes a U-shaped frame 262, a beam 263 disposed in the U-shaped frame 262, an adjustment screw 264 and a locking screw 261. The beam 263 has a threaded through hole. The lower end surface of the adjustable V-shaped block 21 is in contact. Specifically, the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block 21 is provided with a blind hole, and the adjusting screw 264 passes through the threaded through hole from the lower end of the beam 263 and is inserted into the blind hole; The locking screw 261 penetrates the outer side of the U-shaped frame 262 and can abut with the side of the adjustable V-shaped block 21 for locking and fixing after the adjustable V-shaped block 21 is adjusted to a proper position; the lower end of the U-shaped frame 262 It is fixed on the base 1 by the first fixing screw 28 and the first nut 27 .

The fixed support assembly 3 includes a fixed V-shaped block 31 and a second adjustable pressing unit disposed on the fixed V-shaped block 31 ; specifically, the fixed V-shaped block 31 is fixed on the base by a second fixing screw 37 and a second nut 36 1; the second adjustable pressing unit is used for pressing and fixing the part to be processed 4, including a second support rod 35 arranged on the upper end face of the fixed V-shaped block 31, and a second pressure plate rotatably connected with the second support rod 35 33 and the second screw pressing rod 32, the second pressing plate 33 is provided with a second internal threaded hole, the second screw pressing rod 32 is provided with a second external thread that matches the second internal threaded hole, and the second screw pressing rod 32 A second pressing block 34 is disposed near one end of the fixed V-shaped block 31 .

The included angle of the two inclined surfaces of the adjustable V-shaped block 21 and the V-shaped groove of the fixed V-shaped block 31 is 60°-120°; preferably, the included angle of the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped groove is 90°.

The base 1 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, and the end caps of the fixing screws are matched with the sliding grooves, which are used to realize the free sliding of the end caps of the fixing screws in the sliding grooves; The long sliding groove 11 and a plurality of short sliding grooves 12 which are perpendicular to the extension direction of the part 4 to be processed and intersect with the long sliding groove 11; when the horizontal adjustment of the part 4 to be processed is performed, the adjustable support assembly 2 and the fixed support assembly 3 The sliding of the long sliding groove 11 makes the device suitable for parts of various lengths; the adjustable support assembly 2 and the fixed support assembly 3 can be realized between different long sliding grooves 11 at the intersection of the sliding groove 12 and the long sliding groove 11 The switch is suitable for parts with different radial lengths.

The above-mentioned debugging method for a machining fixture for shaft parts includes the following steps:

S1. Install the processing fixing device, install the cylindrical standard part 5 between the adjustable V-shaped block 21 and the fixed V-shaped block 31, and tighten the locking screw 261 of the adjustment unit 26; use the dial indicator 6 to measure the cylindrical standard part 5. The straightness F, specifically, when the dial indicator 6 measures the straightness of the cylindrical standard part 5, the straightness detection is carried out on the upper end and the side end of the cylindrical standard part 5 along the extension direction of the cylindrical standard part 5 respectively, and the cylindrical standard part is obtained by measuring. The straightness F1 of the upper end of 5 and the straightness F2 of the side end of the cylindrical standard part 5, if F1≤0.02 and F2≤0.02, the processing fixture has been leveled; if F1>0.02, the lower end of the adjustable V-block 21 Fine-tune the adjusting screw 264; if F2>0.02, fine-tune the bottom plate 1; until the straightness of the cylindrical standard part 5 meets the requirements, see Figures 7 and 8.

S2, remove the cylindrical standard part 5, select the first positioning circle and the second positioning circle on the part to be processed, and measure the diameters of the first positioning circle and the second positioning circle respectively; adjust the adjustable support assembly after step S1 leveling 2 and the fixed support assembly 3 are moved to a suitable position, so that the first positioning circle is in contact with the adjustable V-shaped block 21, and the second positioning circle is in contact with the fixed V-shaped block 31; specifically, if the diameters of the two positioning circles are the same, Then move the adjustable support assembly 2 and the fixed support assembly 3 leveled in step S1 to an appropriate position, and set the parts to be processed on the adjustable support assembly 2 and the fixed support assembly 3; if the diameters of the two positioning circles are different, set the The larger diameter of the positioning circle is in contact with the fixed V-shaped block 31, and the smaller diameter of the positioning circle is abutted with the adjustable V-shaped block 21. When adjusting, the adjustment screw 264 needs to be twisted upward to move the adjustable V-shaped block 21 upward. , this way of placing the parts to be processed can shorten the designed length of the adjusting screw 264 and make the structure of the processing fixing device more compact.

When processing the same batch of parts, the part 4 to be processed should be placed on the adjustable support assembly 2 and the fixed support assembly 3 first, so that the designated steps of the part to be processed 4 are connected to the adjustable support assembly 2 or the fixed support assembly. The inner sides of 3 are abutted, and the positions where the parts to be processed 4 are connected with the adjustable V-shaped block 21 and the inclined surface of the V-shaped groove of the fixed V-shaped block 31 are selected as the first positioning circle and the second positioning circle, which are used to facilitate the same batch. Axial positioning of the secondary part during machining.

和公式N＝H/P，计算出调节螺杆264需要旋转的圈数，其中，H为需要调节的高度，R1为较小直径定位圆的半径，R2为较大直径定位圆的半径，α为可调V型块21和固定V型块31上的V型槽两个斜面的夹角，N为调节螺杆264需要旋转的圈数，P为调节螺杆264的螺距；根据计算结果，拧松锁紧螺钉261，旋转N圈调节螺杆264调节可调V型块21的高度，拧紧锁紧螺钉261，使两定位圆圆心连线水平，此时零件轴线处于水平状态；S3, see Figure 9, according to the formula

and the formula N=H/P, calculate the number of turns that the adjusting screw 264 needs to rotate, where H is the height to be adjusted, R1 is the radius of the positioning circle with the smaller diameter, R2 is the radius of the positioning circle with the larger diameter, and α is The angle between the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped groove on the adjustable V-shaped block 21 and the fixed V-shaped block 31, N is the number of turns that the adjustment screw 264 needs to rotate, P is the pitch of the adjustment screw 264; according to the calculation result, loosen the lock Tighten the screw 261, rotate the adjusting screw 264 for N turns to adjust the height of the adjustable V-block 21, and tighten the locking screw 261 to make the line connecting the centers of the two positioning circles horizontal, and the axis of the part is in a horizontal state at this time;

S4. Measure the straightness F' of the upper end of the part 4 to be processed adjusted in step S3. If F'≤0.02, the processing fixture has been leveled; if F'>0.02, then the adjustable V-shaped block The adjustment screw 264 at the lower end of 21 is fine-tuned until the straightness of the part 4 to be processed meets the requirements; for the parts to be processed in the same batch, only the straightness F' of the first part to be processed 4 needs to be measured.

N＝H/P。In this embodiment, the included angle between the adjustable V-shaped block 21 and the V-shaped groove for fixing the V-shaped block 31 is 90°, that is, α=90°, then

N=H/P.

S5. Rotate the first screw pressing rod 22 and the second screw pressing rod 32 downward, fix the parts to be processed on the adjustable V-shaped block 21 and the fixed V-shaped block 31 that have been adjusted, and rotate the first screw upward after the processing is completed. The screw pressing rod 22 and the second screw pressing rod 32 are removed from the processed shaft parts.

The processing and fixing device used for shaft parts in this embodiment has been verified by on-site debugging, and the debugging time is within 30 minutes. After installation, the efficiency is increased by 8-9 times.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a processing fixing device for axle type part which characterized in that: comprises a base (1), an adjustable supporting component (2) and a fixed supporting component (3) which are arranged on the base (1);

the adjustable supporting component (2) comprises an adjustable V-shaped block (21), a first adjustable pressing unit arranged at the upper end of the adjustable V-shaped block (21) and an adjusting unit (26) arranged at the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block (21);

the fixed supporting assembly (3) comprises a fixed V-shaped block (31) and a second adjustable pressing unit arranged on the fixed V-shaped block (31);

the first adjustable pressing unit and the second adjustable pressing unit are used for pressing and fixing a part (4) to be processed;

the adjusting unit (26) comprises a U-shaped frame (262), a cross beam (263) arranged in the U-shaped frame (262), an adjusting screw rod (264) and a locking screw (261), the cross beam (263) is provided with a threaded through hole, and the adjusting screw rod (264) passes through the threaded through hole from the lower end of the cross beam (263) and then abuts against the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block (21);

the locking screw (261) penetrates through the outer side face of the U-shaped frame (262), can be abutted against the side face of the adjustable V-shaped block (21), and is used for locking and fixing the adjustable V-shaped block (21) after being adjusted to a proper position.

2. The machining fixing device for the shaft parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the first adjustable pressing unit comprises a first supporting rod (25) arranged on the upper end face of the adjustable V-shaped block (21), a first pressing plate (23) rotatably connected with the first supporting rod (25) and a first spiral pressing rod (22), a first internal threaded hole is formed in the first pressing plate (23), a first external thread matched with the first internal threaded hole is formed in the first spiral pressing rod (22), and a first pressing block (24) is arranged at one end, close to the adjustable V-shaped block (21), of the first spiral pressing rod (22);

the second adjustable pressing unit comprises a second supporting rod (35) arranged on the upper end face of the fixed V-shaped block (31), a second pressing plate (33) rotatably connected with the second supporting rod (35) and a second spiral pressing rod (32), a second internal thread hole is formed in the second pressing plate (33), a second external thread matched with the second internal thread hole is arranged on the second spiral pressing rod (32), and a second pressing block (34) is arranged at one end, close to the fixed V-shaped block (31), of the second spiral pressing rod (32).

3. The machining fixing device for the shaft parts as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block (21) is provided with a blind hole, and the adjusting screw rod (264) penetrates through the threaded through hole from the lower end of the cross beam (263) and then is inserted into the blind hole.

4. A machining fixture for shaft parts as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein:

the included angle of the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped groove of the adjustable V-shaped block (21) and the V-shaped groove of the fixed V-shaped block (31) ranges from 60 degrees to 120 degrees.

5. The processing and fixing device for the shaft parts as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

the adjustable supporting component (2) and the fixed supporting component (3) are fixedly connected with the base (1) through a fixing screw and a nut,

the base (1) is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, and the end caps of the fixing screws are matched with the sliding grooves and used for realizing the free sliding of the end caps of the fixing screws in the sliding grooves;

the sliding grooves comprise a plurality of long sliding grooves (11) parallel to the extending direction of the part (4) to be processed and a plurality of short sliding grooves (12) which are perpendicular to the extending direction of the part (4) to be processed and are intersected with the long sliding grooves (11).

6. A debugging method for a machining fixing device of shaft parts as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, installing a processing fixing device, installing a cylindrical standard part (5) between the adjustable V-shaped block (21) and the fixed V-shaped block (31), and screwing a locking screw (261); respectively carrying out straightness detection on the upper end and the side end of the cylindrical standard component (5) along the extension direction of the cylindrical standard component (5), measuring to obtain the straightness F1 of the upper end of the cylindrical standard component (5) and the straightness F2 of the side end of the cylindrical standard component (5), and if F1 is less than or equal to 0.02 and F2 is less than or equal to 0.02, leveling the processing and fixing device; if F1 is greater than 0.02, fine adjustment is carried out on an adjusting screw rod (264) at the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block (21); if F2 is greater than 0.02, fine adjustment is carried out on the bottom plate (1); until the straightness of the cylindrical standard part (5) meets the requirement;

s2, taking down the cylindrical standard part (5), selecting a first positioning circle and a second positioning circle on the part (4) to be processed, and measuring the diameters of the first positioning circle and the second positioning circle respectively; moving the adjustable support component (2) and the fixed support component (3) which are leveled in the step S1 to proper positions, enabling the first positioning circle to be abutted against the adjustable V-shaped block (21), and enabling the second positioning circle to be abutted against the fixed V-shaped block (31);

s3, according to the formula

And a formula N is H/P, the number of turns of the adjusting screw rod (264) needing to rotate is calculated, wherein H is the height needing to be adjusted, R1 is the radius of the first positioning circle, R2 is the radius of the second positioning circle, alpha is the included angle between two inclined planes of the V-shaped groove on the adjustable V-shaped block (21) and the fixed V-shaped block (31), N is the number of turns of the adjusting screw rod (264) needing to rotate, and P is the screw pitch of the adjusting screw rod (264); according to the calculation result, the locking screw (261) is unscrewed, the height of the adjustable V-shaped block (21) is adjusted by rotating the N-ring adjusting screw (264), and the locking screw (261) is screwed down)；

S4, measuring the straightness F 'of the upper end of the part (4) to be processed after being adjusted in the step S3, and if the F' is less than or equal to 0.02, leveling the processing and fixing device; if F' is more than 0.02, fine adjustment is carried out on an adjusting screw rod (264) at the lower end of the adjustable V-shaped block (21) until the straightness of the part (4) to be processed meets the requirement;

s5, rotating the first spiral compression bar (22) and the second spiral compression bar (32) downwards, fixing the part (4) to be processed on the adjusted adjustable V-shaped block (21) and the fixed V-shaped block (31), rotating the first spiral compression bar (22) and the second spiral compression bar (32) upwards after processing is finished, and taking down the processed shaft part.

7. The debugging method for the machining fixing device for the shaft parts as claimed in claim 6, wherein:

in the step S1, the included angle between the adjustable V-shaped block (21) and the V-shaped groove of the fixed V-shaped block (31) is 90 degrees, and correspondingly, the calculation formula in the step S3 is

N＝H/P。

8. The debugging method for the machining fixing device for the shaft parts as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein:

when parts in the same batch are processed, in step S2, before a first positioning circle and a second positioning circle are selected on the parts (4) to be processed, the parts (4) to be processed are placed on the adjustable supporting component (2) and the fixed supporting component (3), so that the designated steps of the parts (4) to be processed are abutted against the inner side surfaces of the adjustable supporting component (2) or the fixed supporting component (3), and positions where the parts (4) to be processed are connected with the V-shaped groove inclined surfaces of the adjustable V-shaped block (21) and the fixed V-shaped block (31) are selected as the first positioning circle and the second positioning circle, so as to facilitate axial positioning of the parts in the same batch during processing.

9. The debugging method for the machining fixing device for the shaft parts as claimed in claim 8, wherein:

in step S1, the straightness F of the measuring cylindrical standard component (5) is measured by using a dial indicator (6).

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