CN114568915B

CN114568915B - Electronic curtain and electronic device

Info

Publication number: CN114568915B
Application number: CN202011371957.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏财魁; 张振炘; 陈雅婉; 叶财金; 郑太狮
Original assignee: TPK Advanced Solutions Inc
Current assignee: TPK Advanced Solutions Inc
Priority date: 2020-11-30
Filing date: 2020-11-30
Publication date: 2023-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-30
Also published as: CN114568915A

Abstract

An electronic curtain and an electronic device, wherein the electronic curtain comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrochromic element. At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a plurality of conductive layers stacked and in contact. The electrochromic element is sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode. The touch module is integrated with the electronic curtain, so that the applicability of intelligent products such as intelligent buildings, vehicle windows, penetrating displays and the like can be effectively diversified.

Description

Electronic curtain and electronic device

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to an electronic curtain and an electronic device.

Background

With the environmental protection, energy saving and carbon reduction, intelligent glass is used as a base material or a building material, and the intelligent glass is used in construction, vehicles (such as small-area products of automobile rearview mirrors and the like) and has various commercial applications (such as isolating solar radiation heat sources and ultraviolet rays or controlling an electric switch to regulate and control light transmission quantity so as to replace curtains, intelligent partition screens, building windows and indoor decoration). However, the existing intelligent glass can only be controlled by opening or closing the whole surface, for example, the traditional Chinese patent publication 108919543A can not be locally controlled, so as to achieve the effect of an electronic curtain.

Therefore, how to provide an electronic device capable of solving the above-mentioned problems is one of the problems of the current industry to be solved by the research and development resources.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, an objective of the present disclosure is to provide an electronic device that can solve the above-mentioned problems.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic curtain includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrochromic device. At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a plurality of conductive layers stacked and in contact. The electrochromic element is sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode.

In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the conductive layer includes a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer. The first conductive layer has a first resistance value. The second conductive layer is laminated and in contact with the first conductive layer and has a second resistance value smaller than the first resistance value.

In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first conductive layer is a nano silver wire conductive layer, an indium tin oxide conductive layer, or an ITO-Al-ITO composite conductive layer.

In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the second conductive layer is a metal line layer.

In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the metal lines of the metal line layer cross each other to form a plurality of grids.

In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the metal lines of the metal line layer are parallel to each other to form a parallel wire grid.

In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic window covering further comprises a substrate. The second conductive layer is laminated and contacted between the substrate and the first conductive layer.

In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the electrochromic element is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal element or a polymer network type liquid crystal element.

In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the electrochromic element comprises a liquid crystal composite film having a plurality of glass beads mixed therein.

In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the electrochromic element comprises an electrochromic material.

In order to achieve the above objective, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device includes the electronic window curtain and a touch module. The touch module is arranged on one side of the electronic curtain.

In summary, in the electronic device disclosed in the disclosure, the touch module and the electronic window curtain are integrated, so that the applicability of intelligent products such as intelligent buildings, vehicle windows, and penetrating displays can be effectively diversified. In addition, the electrode of the electronic curtain adopts a structure of a composite conductive layer (for example, the electrode comprises a light-transmitting conductive layer and a metal wire layer), so that the composite resistance value of the electrode can be greatly reduced, and a quick and efficient driving mechanism can be realized.

The above description is merely illustrative of the problems to be solved by the present disclosure, the technical means for solving the problems, the effects thereof and the like, and the specific details of the present disclosure are set forth in the following description and related drawings.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent from the following description of the drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a portion of the electrochromic device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a portion of the electronic device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first electrode according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first electrode according to another embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electronic device according to another embodiment of the disclosure.

[ symbolic description ]

100,200,300,400: electronic device

110,210,310 electronic curtain

111,111' first electrode

111a first conductive layer

111b,111b' second conductive layer

112 second electrode

113,213,313 electrochromic element

113a,113b,121,230,314a,314b substrates

113c,313b edge sealing adhesive

113d liquid crystal composite film

113e glass beads

114,123,130,213b protective layer

120,220 touch module

122 touch sensing layer

140, adhesive

313a electrochromic material

Detailed Description

Various embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed in the following figures, in which numerous practical details are set forth in the following description for purposes of clarity. However, it should be understood that these practical details are not to be used to limit the present disclosure. That is, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, these practical details are not necessary. Furthermore, for the purpose of simplifying the drawings, some known and conventional structures and elements are shown in the drawings in a simplified schematic manner.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the disclosure is shown. As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the electronic device 100 includes an electronic window curtain 110, a touch module 120, a protective layer 130, and an adhesive 140. The electronic curtain 110 includes a first electrode 111, a second electrode 112, an electrochromic element 113, and a protective layer 114. The electrochromic element 113 is sandwiched between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112. The protective layer 114 is disposed on a side of the first electrode 111 remote from the electrochromic element 113. The protective layer 130 is disposed on a side of the second electrode 112 away from the electrochromic element 113. The touch module 120 is disposed at one side of the electronic window curtain 110. Specifically, the touch module 120 is attached to the protective layer 130 via the adhesive 140. The touch module 120 includes a substrate 121, a touch sensing layer 122, and a protective layer 123. The touch module 120 contacts the adhesive 140 with the substrate 121. The touch sensing layer 122 is disposed on a side of the substrate 121 away from the electronic window curtain 110. The protective layer 123 is disposed on a side of the touch sensing layer 122 away from the electronic window curtain 110.

In some embodiments, the adhesive 140 is an optical adhesive (Optical Clear Adhesive, OCA), but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 2, a partial schematic diagram of the electrochromic device 113 in fig. 1 is shown. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the electrochromic element 113 includes substrates 113a and 113b, a sealing compound 113c, and a liquid crystal composite film 113d. The substrates 113a and 113b contact the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112, respectively. The edge sealing adhesive 113c is sandwiched between the substrates 113a and 113b, and forms a closed space together with the substrates 113a and 113 b. The liquid crystal composite film 113d is accommodated in the closed space. The liquid crystal composite film 113d has a plurality of glass beads 113e mixed therein. The glass beads 113e can support the liquid crystal composite film 113d in terms of structural mechanics and also have the effect of preventing liquid crystals in the liquid crystal composite film from flowing randomly.

In some embodiments, electrochromic element 113 is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal, PDLC) element or a polymer network liquid crystal (Polymer Network Liquid Crystal) element. For example, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal element is a composite film in which anisotropic liquid crystal droplets are uniformly dispersed in polymers, and the refractive index relationship between the liquid crystal and the polymers can be controlled by an applied electric field, so that light scattering and light penetration states are caused, and a thin film display function is achieved.

In some embodiments, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal composite film 113d has positive dielectric anisotropy, and the molecular types thereof mainly include Nematic, smetic, chCLC, ferroelectric Smetic, antiferroelectric Smetic, guest-Host and the like. When no voltage is applied, the effective refractive index n of the liquid crystal _eff And refractive index n of polymer _p The incident light is severely scattered by many interfaces because of mismatch, and the liquid crystal composite film 113d thus forms a scattering state (opaque state); upon generation of an electric field, the liquid crystal is turned to align perpendicular to the surfaces of the substrates 113a,113b such that the refractive index n of the liquid crystal _o With polymer n _p The same (corresponding to no interface exists), so that the light rays with normal incidence can directly penetrateThe liquid crystal composite film 113d thus forms a transparent State (On State). The display mode is the normal mode of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal element. In contrast, the liquid crystal composite film 113d of the polymer network type liquid crystal device forms a transparent state when no electric field is generated and forms an opaque state after the electric field is generated (i.e., the power is turned on again when there is a privacy requirement), so that the application rationality can be greatly increased.

In some embodiments, the glass beads 113e have a diameter of about 20 μm, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the material of at least one of the substrates 113a,113b,121 is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or glass, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 3, a top view of a portion of the components of the electronic device 100 in fig. 1 is shown. As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the first electrode 111 includes a plurality of separated electrode blocks disposed on the substrate 113 a. The electrode blocks extend in one direction (e.g., the lateral direction in fig. 3) and are spaced apart in the other direction (e.g., the longitudinal direction in fig. 3). In contrast, the second electrode 112 may also include a plurality of separated electrode blocks (not shown) disposed on the substrate 113 b. The shape, size and arrangement of the electrode blocks on the second electrode 112 are the same as or similar to those of the electrode blocks on the second electrode 112, and the electrode blocks of the two correspond to each other in the stacking direction of the two (i.e., the projections of the electrode blocks of the two in the stacking direction overlap each other).

In one embodiment, the electronic device 100 may further include a controller (not shown). The controller is configured to independently control any electrode block of the first electrode 111 and/or the second electrode 112 to locally generate an electric field, thereby achieving transparent/opaque state control of local area of the electrochromic element 113. In this way, in practical applications, the controller may be further configured to control the electrode block of the corresponding first electrode 111 and/or the second electrode 112 to locally generate the electric field according to the touch position when the touch module 120 detects the touch input.

Referring to fig. 4, a cross-sectional view of the device of fig. 3 is shown. As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the first electrode 111 includes a first conductive layer 111a and a second conductive layer 111b. The first conductive layer 111a has a first resistance value. The second conductive layer 111b is stacked and in contact between the first conductive layer 111a and the substrate 113a, and has a second resistance value smaller than the first resistance value.

In some embodiments, the first conductive layer 111a is a silver nanowire (silver nano wires, SNW; also known as AgNW) conductive layer. In detail, the first conductive layer 111a includes a matrix and nano-silver wires doped therein. The nano silver wires are mutually overlapped in the matrix to form a conductive network. The matrix is non-nano silver wire matter formed by coating, heating, stoving and other steps of the solution containing nano silver wire. The nano-silver wires are dispersed or embedded in the matrix and partially protrude from the matrix. The matrix can protect the nano silver wire from the external environment such as corrosion, abrasion and the like. In some embodiments, the matrix is compressible.

In some embodiments, the nano-silver wire has a wire length of about 10 μm to about 300 μm. In some embodiments, the nano-silver wire has a wire diameter (or wire width) of less than about 500nm. In some embodiments, the aspect ratio (ratio of wire length to wire diameter) of the nano-silver wire is greater than 10. In some embodiments, the nano-silver wire may be in the form of other modifications such as silver plating on the surface of the conductive metal nano-wire or on the surface of the non-conductive nano-wire. The nano silver wire electrode layer formed by adopting the nano silver wire has the following advantages: compared with ITO, the material has low price, simple process, good flexibility, and can resist bending …, etc.

In other embodiments, the first conductive layer 111a is an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) conductive layer or an ITO-Al-ITO composite conductive layer.

In some embodiments, the second conductive layer 111b is a metal line layer (i.e., a metal grid or a metal grid). Therefore, the composite resistance value of the first electrode 111 can be greatly reduced due to the composition of the second conductive layer 111b, and a rapid and efficient driving mechanism can be realized. In addition, as shown in fig. 4, by disposing the second conductive layer 111b between the first conductive layer 111a and the substrate 113a, the protection layer 114 can be disposed on the flat surface provided by the first conductive layer 111 a.

Specifically, the composite resistance value can be calculated by the following formula (1):

R _C ＝R ₁ *R ₂ /(R ₁ +R ₂ ) (1)

wherein R is _C R is a composite resistance value ₁ Is the first point resistance value, R, of the first conductive layer 111a ₂ A second resistance value of the second conductive layer 111b.

In some embodiments, the second electrode 112 may alternatively or simultaneously have the above-mentioned structural configuration of the first electrode 111, which is not repeated herein. In some embodiments, the connection relationship between the first electrode 111 and the passivation layer 114 is alternatively or simultaneously provided between the second electrode 112 and the passivation layer 130, which is not repeated herein.

Referring to fig. 5, a schematic diagram of a first electrode 111 according to an embodiment of the disclosure is shown. As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the metal lines of the metal line layer (i.e., the second conductive layer 111 b) of the first electrode 111 are intersected with each other to form a plurality of grids. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the metal line layer includes a plurality of metal lines extending along one direction (e.g., top left and bottom right), and a plurality of metal lines extending along another direction (e.g., top right and bottom left), but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a first electrode 111' according to another embodiment of the disclosure is shown. As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the metal lines of the metal line layer (i.e., the second conductive layer 111b ') of the first electrode 111' are parallel to each other to form a parallel wire grid.

In some embodiments, the metal lines of the metal line layer have a line width of about 3 μm to about 10 μm, preferably less than about 5 μm. In some embodiments, the area ratio of the metal line layer relative to the first conductive layer 111a is less than about 5%, so that at least 95% or more of the light transmittance is maintained.

In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include a transmissive display (not shown) disposed above the electronic window curtain 110 to effectively diversify the applicability of the smart product.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electronic device 200 according to another embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the electronic device 200 includes an electronic curtain 210, a touch module 220, a substrate 230, and a laminating adhesive 140. The electronic curtain 210 includes a first electrode 111, a second electrode 112, an electrochromic element 213, and a protective layer 114. The electrochromic element 213 is sandwiched between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112. The protective layer 114 is disposed on a side of the first electrode 111 remote from the electrochromic element 113. The substrate 230 is disposed on a side of the second electrode 112 away from the electrochromic element 213. The touch module 220 is disposed at one side of the electronic window curtain 210. Specifically, the touch module 220 is attached to the substrate 230 via the adhesive 140. The touch module 220 includes a touch sensing layer 122 and a protection layer 123. The touch module 220 contacts the adhesive 140 with the touch sensing layer 122. The protective layer 123 is disposed on a side of the touch sensing layer 122 away from the electronic window curtain 210. The electrochromic element 213 includes a substrate 113a, a protective layer 213b, a sealing compound 113c, and a liquid crystal composite film 113d. The substrate 113a and the protective layer 213b contact the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112, respectively. The edge sealing adhesive 113c is sandwiched between the substrate 113a and the protective layer 213b, and forms a sealed space together with the substrate 113a and the protective layer 213 b. The liquid crystal composite film 113d is accommodated in the closed space. Elements of the present embodiment having the same reference numerals as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 are the same or similar, and thus, the description of these elements is referred to the foregoing, and will not be repeated herein.

It should be noted that, in the manufacturing process of the electronic device 100 shown in fig. 1, the electronic window curtain 110 and the touch module 120 are manufactured separately, and then are bonded by the bonding adhesive 140. In contrast, in the manufacturing process of the electronic device 200 shown in fig. 7, the touch module 220 is directly attached to the substrate 230 with the electronic window curtain 210 thereon.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electronic device 300 according to another embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the electronic device 300 includes an electronic curtain 310, a touch module 120, and an adhesive 140. The electronic window covering 310 includes a first electrode 111, a second electrode 112, an electrochromic element 313, and substrates 314a,314 b. The electrochromic element 313 is sandwiched between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112. The substrate 314a is disposed on a side of the first electrode 111 away from the electrochromic element 313. The substrate 314b is disposed on a side of the second electrode 112 away from the electrochromic element 313. The touch module 120 is disposed at one side of the electronic window curtain 310. Specifically, the touch module 120 is attached to the substrate 314b via the adhesive 140. The electrochromic element 313 includes an edge seal 313b and an electrochromic material 313a. The edge sealing adhesive 313b is sandwiched between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112, and forms a closed space together with the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112. The electrochromic material 313a is accommodated in the closed space. Elements of the present embodiment having the same reference numerals as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 are the same or similar, and thus, the description of these elements is referred to the foregoing, and will not be repeated herein.

It should be noted that, the electrochromic material 313a has an electrical activity (Electroactive), which is configured to generate an oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of an electric field generated between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 to lose electrons, so that the energy level of the material changes to change the color. In practice, the electrochromic element 313 may further comprise other materials for storing corresponding counter ions when the electrochromic material 313a undergoes a redox reaction, so as to maintain the overall charge balance.

In some embodiments, the material of at least one of the substrates 314a,314b is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or glass, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the electrochromic material 313a may be filled with a UV-curable substance, so that the electrochromic material 313a has a bendable property, and the electronic device 300 has flexibility.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electronic device 400 according to another embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 9, in the present embodiment, the electronic device 400 includes an electronic curtain 310, a touch module 220, and an adhesive 140. The touch module 220 is disposed at one side of the electronic window curtain 310. Specifically, the touch module 220 is attached to the substrate 314b via the adhesive 140. The touch module 220 includes a touch sensing layer 122 and a protection layer 123. The touch module 120 contacts the adhesive 140 with the touch sensing layer 122. The protective layer 123 is disposed on a side of the touch sensing layer 122 away from the electronic window curtain 310. Elements of the present embodiment having the same reference numerals as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 8 are the same or similar, and thus, the description of these elements is referred to the foregoing, and will not be repeated herein.

In the manufacturing process of the electronic device 300 shown in fig. 8, the electronic window curtain 310 and the touch module 120 are manufactured separately and then bonded by the bonding adhesive 140. In contrast, in the manufacturing process of the electronic device 400 shown in fig. 9, the touch module 220 is directly formed on the substrate 314b on which the electronic window curtain 310 is fabricated.

As is apparent from the above description of the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, in the electronic device of the present disclosure, the touch module and the electronic curtain are integrated, so that the applicability of the intelligent products such as intelligent buildings, vehicle windows, and transmissive displays can be effectively diversified. In addition, the electrode of the electronic curtain adopts a structure of a composite conductive layer (for example, the electrode comprises a light-transmitting conductive layer and a metal wire layer), so that the composite resistance value of the electrode can be greatly reduced, and a quick and efficient driving mechanism can be realized.

While the present disclosure has been described with reference to the exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the disclosure be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electronic window covering, comprising:

a first electrode;

a second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode comprises a plurality of conductive layers which are laminated and contacted, the plurality of conductive layers comprises a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer, the first conductive layer has a first resistance value, the second conductive layer is laminated and directly contacted with the first conductive layer and has a second resistance value smaller than the first resistance value, the second conductive layer is a metal wire layer, the metal wires of the metal wire layer are mutually intersected to form a plurality of grids, the line width is 3 mu m to 10 mu m, the area ratio of the metal wire layer relative to the first conductive layer is smaller than 5%, so as to maintain at least 95% light transmittance; and

an electrochromic element is sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode.

2. The electronic window covering of claim 1, wherein the first conductive layer is a nano-silver wire conductive layer, an indium tin oxide conductive layer, or an ITO-Al-ITO composite conductive layer.

3. The electronic window covering of claim 1, further comprising a substrate, wherein the second conductive layer is laminated and in contact between the substrate and the first conductive layer.

4. The electronic window covering of claim 1, wherein the electrochromic device is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal device or a polymer network type liquid crystal device.

5. The electronic window covering of claim 4, wherein the electrochromic element comprises a liquid crystal composite film having a plurality of glass beads mixed therein.

6. The electronic window covering of claim 1, wherein the electrochromic element comprises an electrochromic material.

7. An electronic device, comprising:

an electronic curtain as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6; and

the touch control module is arranged on one side of the electronic curtain.