CN114567531A - Genetic annealing peak-to-average ratio inhibition method suitable for medium-voltage carrier system - Google Patents
Genetic annealing peak-to-average ratio inhibition method suitable for medium-voltage carrier system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114567531A CN114567531A CN202111461761.3A CN202111461761A CN114567531A CN 114567531 A CN114567531 A CN 114567531A CN 202111461761 A CN202111461761 A CN 202111461761A CN 114567531 A CN114567531 A CN 114567531A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/12—Computing arrangements based on biological models using genetic models
- G06N3/126—Evolutionary algorithms, e.g. genetic algorithms or genetic programming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a genetic annealing peak-to-average ratio inhibition method suitable for a medium-voltage carrier system, which comprises the following steps: processing the message sent by the transmitting terminal to obtain a frequency domain sequence to be subjected to inverse fast Fourier transform; generating a rotation vector based on the summing vector; and (4) carrying out a genetic annealing algorithm by taking the PAPR value as the individual fitness to obtain an optimal rotation vector. The invention optimizes the original SLM algorithm, avoids the defect that the SLM algorithm can not carry out ideal PAPR suppression on any input OFDM symbol, further improves the high complexity of the genetic annealing algorithm by using the summating vector as the basis of the genetic annealing, and ensures that the system performance improvement brought by the peak-to-average power ratio suppression is more stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power line communication, and particularly relates to a genetic annealing peak-to-average power ratio inhibition method suitable for a medium-voltage carrier system.
Background
The technology mainly used for the communication of the medium-voltage carrier system is OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing), that is, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, and in fact, OFDM is one of mcm (multi carrier modulation) multi-carrier modulation, and is generally applied because of the advantages of high spectrum utilization rate, good network structure expandability, strong anti-multipath interference capability, and the like. However, since the OFDM signal is formed by superimposing a plurality of subcarrier signals having different amplitudes and different frequencies, a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is generated. If the PAPR is too large, the requirement for linear amplification of the linear high-power amplifier is also increased, so that the implementation difficulty and cost of the system are greatly increased, and the efficiency of the radio-frequency power amplifier is greatly reduced, so that the suppression of the peak-to-average power ratio is one of the important means for improving the OFDM performance.
At present, methods for reducing PAPR of OFDM systems generally fall into 3 categories: coding class, probability class, and clipping class. The amplitude limiting filtering is to directly limit the amplitude of the signal, and the method can also generate the problems of out-band spectrum leakage and in-band distortion while limiting the peak value of the signal; the bandwidth efficiency and the coding rate of the coding method are lower, and the coding efficiency is lower when the number of the subcarriers is more; the probability algorithm can well reduce the PAPR and can not cause the problems of bandwidth waste, out-of-band spectrum leakage and the like. Among the probability-based methods, the more commonly used methods are slm (selective mapping) and pts (partial transmit sequence), which are limited by the limited number of selection vectors provided by the algorithm designer, and thus the PARP of all OFDM symbols cannot be stably suppressed within the ideal range. Even if some algorithms are selected for self-adaptively selecting the steering vectors, the optimal solution of the steering vectors is difficult to find due to the limitations of the dimensions of the steering vectors and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a genetic annealing peak-to-average ratio suppression method suitable for a medium-voltage carrier system, which is based on an SLM (selective mapping) method, combines a genetic annealing algorithm and a summating vector with a lower peak-to-average ratio, and can generate an optimal rotation vector suitable for a current OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) symbol in a self-adaptive manner.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for suppressing genetic annealing peak-to-average ratio suitable for a medium-voltage carrier system, comprising the following steps:
scrambling, coding, interleaving, mapping the processed message and performing fast Fourier transform to generate time domain data, namely OFDM symbols;
randomly generating n0An initial rotation vector;
calculating a peak-to-average ratio value according to the time domain data, and taking the peak-to-average ratio value as the individual fitness of the initial rotation vector;
initial rotation vector pairing;
the random phase cross interchange of paired rotation vectors;
pairing rotation vector random phase mutation;
comparing the rotation vectors, and reserving n with optimal individual fitness0A rotation vector;
simulating an annealing algorithm;
optimizing a genetic iteration algorithm;
and outputting the optimal individual fitness rotation vector.
Further, calculating a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the OFDM symbol, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein xnIs the amplitude of the nth subcarrier in the OFDM symbol, max (| x)n|2) Represents the maximum energy value, E (| x) of each subcarrier of the OFDM symboln|2) The average power of the OFDM symbol is expressed, and the unit of PAPR is dB.
Further, the OFDM symbol is defined as follows:
wherein f is0Is the fundamental frequency, A, of the signal s (t)kIs the amplitude of the k-th subcarrier signal, Δ f0Is the frequency spacing between adjacent sub-carriers, θkIs the phase of the kth random phase sequence. When the amplitudes of the subcarrier signals are equal in the entire time domain, the instantaneous power values of the signal s (t) are:
from this, the power peak is ep (t) NA2+2A2P0(t) in which
According to the PAPR definition
Therefore, to find a smaller PAPR value, a better phase combination should be used, and the summing vector is an ideal choice for a low PAPR phase combination.
Further, the basic format of the rotation vector is phi (k) ═ a × k2+ B × k, where A, B is the coefficient and k is the subcarrier number in the OFDM symbol.
Further, the rotation vector comparison includes the following:
comparing the individual fitness of the rotation vector after the phase cross interchange operation and the phase mutation operation with that of the original rotation vector, and reserving n with the optimal individual fitness0A rotation vector.
Further, the annealing algorithm comprises the following:
n with optimal individual fitness reserved0Performing two-dimensional simulated annealing operation on the rotation vectors, taking a coefficient A, B in the rotation vectors as annealing temperature and PAPR as an evaluation function, enabling the coefficients A, B to perform nested iteration respectively in proper step length, replacing an initial vector of annealing by a new vector obtained by annealing once the annealing condition is met, directly terminating if the annealing condition is not met within a certain iteration number, keeping the rotation vectors in the original state, performing genetic iteration algorithm optimization, and controlling the iteration number and setting a termination condition to prevent the method from being excessively high in overall complexity and occupying excessive resources.
Further, the genetic iterative algorithm optimization comprises the following contents:
taking coefficients A and B in the rotation vector as iteration coefficients, selecting corresponding step length to carry out loop1 times of iteration, finding out the optimal solution near the rotation vector, and combining the rotation vector with n in step 60Comparing the individual rotation vectors, and selecting n with optimal individual fitness0And the other one is reserved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by carrying out genetic annealing operation on the rotation vector, the defect that the SLM method cannot restrain the peak-to-average ratio of any OFDM symbol to an ideal requirement is overcome, and the communication performance of the system is improved more stably; the summing vector is used as the basis of genetic annealing, so that an iterative algorithm can find an optimal solution more quickly, and the complexity of the algorithm is reduced; combining genetic algorithms with simulated annealing can better avoid finding sub-optimal solutions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention for a method of genetic annealing peak-to-average suppression for medium voltage carrier systems.
FIG. 2 is a genetic annealing operation flow of the present invention for the peak-to-average suppression method for genetic annealing in a medium voltage carrier system.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1: scrambling, coding, interleaving and mapping a message sent by a carrier transmitter to obtain a frequency domain sequence Y of an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT)i(k)。
Where i represents the ith symbol and k represents the kth subcarrier.
The modulation method used in the medium-voltage carrier system includes two types of BPSK and QPSK, and when BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) modulation is performed, the value of each subcarrier is selected from {1, -1 }; when QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulation is performed, the value of each subcarrier is selected from {1+ j,1-j, -1+ j, -1-j };
step 2: randomly generating n according to the format of the summing vector0An initial rotation vector, n0Even, summation vector universal format phin(k)＝A*k2+ B × k, where A, B is the coefficient, k is the subcarrier number in the OFDM symbol, φnIs the nth rotation vector;
and step 3: performing fast Fourier inverse transformation on each code element of the frequency domain sequence obtained in the step 1 to generate time domain data, calculating peak-to-average ratio values of the generated time domain data according to PAPR definition, and taking the peak-to-average ratio values as individual fitness of an initial rotation vector;
and 4, step 4: as shown in FIG. 2, a genetic annealing operation was performed on n0The rotation vectors are paired randomly, phase cross interchange operation in the paired rotation vectors is performed according to random probability generation after pairing, and then phase mutation operation is performed on the rotation vectors according to the random probability;
for example: n is0A rotation vector of phi1(k)...φn0(k) Each rotation vector has k phases, and each pair of rotation vectors is judged according to the randomly generated probability and the cross probability P1, if the judgment is satisfiedPerforming m phase-swapping operations on the pair of vectors; judging each rotation vector according to the random generation probability and the mutation probability P2, and if the judgment is met, performing mutation operation on the phase in the rotation vector;
and 5: comparing the selection steering vector generated in the step 4 with the individual fitness of the original rotation vector, and reserving n with the optimal individual fitness in all the rotation vectors0A rotation vector;
step 6: finding n generated in the fifth step0Preparing to enter a simulated annealing algorithm for one rotation vector with the optimal individual fitness in the rotation vectors;
and 7: taking coefficients A and B in the rotation vector as iteration coefficients, selecting corresponding step length to perform loop1 times of nested iteration, wherein the loop1 is the product of the iteration times of the coefficients A and B, and the annealing termination condition is as follows: 1) after iteration is carried out for 1 times, no new vector is found, and the annealing is stopped to output an original vector; 2) after finding a new vector with lower PAPR, calculating the acceptance probability P 'by using the formula P' ═ exp (Papr2-Papr1), wherein Papr2 is the peak-to-average ratio of the new vector and the peak-to-average ratio of the Papr1 original vector. If the acceptance probability is within the theoretical acceptance probability P0, stopping annealing, replacing the original vector with the new vector and outputting the new vector, otherwise, continuing iteration;
and 8: repeating the step 4-7loop2 times;
and step 9: finding out an optimal rotation vector as a final output;
it should be added here that the cross probability P1, the variation probability P2, and the iteration times loop1 and loop2 need to be reasonably selected, otherwise the algorithm complexity becomes high or the optimal solution cannot be found.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can make modifications or equivalents to the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the above embodiments, and such modifications or equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A genetic annealing peak-to-average ratio inhibition method suitable for a medium-voltage carrier system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
scrambling, coding, interleaving, mapping the processed message and performing fast Fourier transform to generate time domain data;
randomly generating n0 initial rotation vectors;
calculating a peak-to-average ratio value according to the time domain data, and taking the peak-to-average ratio value as the individual fitness of the initial rotation vector;
initial rotation vector pairing;
the random phase cross interchange of paired rotation vectors;
pairing random phase jumps of the rotation vectors;
comparing the rotation vectors, and reserving n0 rotation vectors with the optimal individual fitness;
simulating an annealing algorithm;
optimizing a genetic iteration algorithm;
and outputting the optimal individual fitness rotation vector.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the basic format of the rotation vector is phi (k) ═ a × k2+ B × k, where A, B is the coefficient and k is the subcarrier number in the OFDM symbol.
3. The method for genetic annealing peak-to-average ratio suppression suitable for medium voltage carrier system according to claim 1, wherein the rotation vector comparison comprises the following:
and comparing the individual fitness of the rotation vectors after the phase cross interchange operation and the phase mutation operation with that of the original rotation vectors, and reserving n0 rotation vectors with the optimal individual fitness.
4. The method for suppressing the genetic annealing peak-to-average ratio applicable to the medium-voltage carrier system according to claim 1, wherein the annealing algorithm comprises the following steps:
performing two-dimensional simulated annealing operation on n0 rotation vectors with the retained optimal individual fitness, performing nested iteration by respectively using a coefficient A, B in the rotation vectors as annealing temperature and PAPR as an evaluation function and enabling the coefficient A, B to perform appropriate step length, replacing an initial vector of annealing by a new vector obtained by annealing once the annealing condition is met, and directly terminating if the annealing condition is not met within the required iteration number, and keeping the rotation vectors intact to perform genetic iteration algorithm optimization.
5. The method for genetic annealing peak-to-average ratio suppression for medium-voltage carrier systems according to claim 1, wherein the genetic iterative algorithm optimization comprises the following steps:
and (3) selecting corresponding step length to carry out loop1 iterations by taking the coefficients A and B in the rotation vector as iteration coefficients, finding out the optimal solution near the rotation vector, comparing the rotation vector with the n0 rotation vectors in the step 6, and selecting n0 rotation vectors with the optimal individual fitness for reservation.
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| US20090092195A1 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-09 | Nortel Networks Limited | Method and system for adaptive peak to average power ratio reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing communication networks |
| CN101572687A (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2009-11-04 | 北京邮电大学 | Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal processing method and system |
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| US20090092195A1 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-09 | Nortel Networks Limited | Method and system for adaptive peak to average power ratio reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing communication networks |
| CN101572687A (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2009-11-04 | 北京邮电大学 | Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal processing method and system |
| CN112583449A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Method for self-adaptively inhibiting peak-to-average power ratio suitable for medium-voltage carrier system |
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| 孙坚等: "一种降低OFDM系统峰均比的快速算法", 通信技术 * |
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