CN114566987A - Distribution network three-phase unbalance multi-objective optimization method based on distribution network topological structure - Google Patents
Distribution network three-phase unbalance multi-objective optimization method based on distribution network topological structure Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distribution network three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method based on a distribution network topological structure, which belongs to the field of electric power data analysis and comprises the following specific steps: step 1, collecting electricity consumption data of an intelligent ammeter of a resident user, and preprocessing the data; step 2, analyzing the topological structure and the user characteristics of the transformer area; step 3, calculating core parameters of a three-phase unbalance optimization model of the power distribution area, wherein the core parameters comprise the three-phase current unbalance degree of the power distribution area, the optimized number of users of the power distribution area and the theoretical line loss value of the power distribution area; step 4, constructing a distribution network three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization model based on a distribution network topological structure; and 5, optimizing the three-phase unbalance multi-objective optimization model of the power distribution area. The invention can improve the treatment effect of the three-phase imbalance optimization of low-voltage resident users, and has important academic significance and engineering practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power data analysis, in particular to a distribution network three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method based on a distribution network topological structure.
Background
The distribution network in China has the characteristics of large base number and wide distribution, and the unbalanced operation of a distribution area can cause serious economic, safety and stability influences on a power system. Meanwhile, the line structure of the distribution transformer area is mainly based on a three-phase four-wire system, and most common residential users are connected to the grid in a single-phase access mode. The quality of electric energy is usually measured by three-phase unbalance of a distribution area, under the combined action of a network topological structure of the distribution area and the electricity utilization difference of users, the random fluctuation of load can cause the spread of three-phase unbalance current, the stable operation of the distribution area is deteriorated, the normal working state of part of users is damaged, adverse consequences such as increasing the line loss of the distribution area, damaging a distribution transformer and influencing the safe operation of power equipment are caused, and the maintenance of the balanced operation state is an important link for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power distribution side of a power system.
Due to the characteristics of topology and user electricity utilization, complete balance of three-phase electricity utilization is difficult to realize in the actual production process, so that the unbalanced operation condition of a power distribution area is relieved by using an optimization method more, and the power distribution network operates within the allowable range of national standards. Due to the popularization of the intelligent electric meter and the perfection of the electricity utilization information acquisition system, the management of three-phase unbalance of the power distribution area has sufficient data support. However, in the current three-phase imbalance treatment for low-voltage residential users, the consideration of the topological structure of the power distribution station area is lacked, so that the practical problems of low treatment effect, unmatched optimization strategies and the like can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The distribution network area three-phase imbalance multi-target optimization method based on the distribution network topological structure can analyze the three-phase imbalance situation of the distribution network area according to the actual topological structure of the distribution network area and the electricity utilization characteristics of users, fully utilizes historical residential electricity load data, establishes a distribution network area three-phase imbalance optimization model based on user phase sequence redistribution, comprehensively considers the three-phase current imbalance of the distribution network area, the optimized number of users of the distribution network area and the theoretical line loss value of the distribution network area to carry out optimization solution, and can improve the pertinence and the treatment effect of three-phase imbalance optimization under a long time scale in research, thereby having important academic significance and engineering practical value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a distribution network three-phase unbalance multi-target optimization method based on a distribution network topological structure, which comprises the following specific steps of:
step 1, collecting electricity consumption data of an intelligent ammeter of a resident user, and preprocessing the data;
and 5, optimizing the three-phase unbalance multi-objective optimization model of the power distribution area.
In the step 1, the electricity consumption data of the resident user intelligent electric meter comprises 96-point current data with step length of 15min per day.
In step 1, the data preprocessing includes deletion of invalid data and padding of missing values.
In step 2, the analysis of the topological structure comprises the network level, the number of distribution transformers, trunk lines, branch lines and users and the connection relation, and the user properties comprise the access phase condition of the intelligent electric meter of the resident user and the electricity utilization characteristics of the intelligent electric meter.
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, calculating the unbalance degree of the three-phase current of the power distribution area:
the current three-phase unbalance value is adopted to measure the distribution area, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Imax=max{IA,IB,IC}
Iavg=(IA+IB+IC)/3
in the formula, Delta refers to the unbalance degree of three-phase current in a distribution area, ImaxRepresents the maximum current value, I, of the ABC three phasesavgRepresenting the mean value of the three-phase current, IA、IB、ICThe current values are three phases;
step 3.2, calculating the number of optimized users in the power distribution area;
calculating the number of users participating in optimization by adopting a mode of establishing a user phase matrix, wherein a phase sequence vector of a user accessed to a power grid is represented as z, and the following steps are shown:
if the number of the residential users in the distribution area is N, the phase sequence vector of the nth user is znThe phase matrix of all the users in the whole power distribution station area is Z, and the phase matrix is as follows:
recording Z as an initial power distribution station phase matrix and Z' as an optimized phase matrix, and comparing the phase matrices of the power distribution stations before and after optimization to obtain a phase change vector c of the power distribution stationnPhase change matrix C, as follows:
C=[c1 c2 … cN]
in the formula, cnFor the phase change of the nth user, znFor the nth user initial phase, zn' optimizing the phase sequence for the nth user;
based on the formula, the number C of the users participating in the three-phase unbalance optimization strategy of the power distribution area is obtainednumAs follows:
step 3.3, calculating a theoretical line loss value of the power distribution station area;
the method selects a phase-splitting resistance method to calculate theoretical line loss, and introduces a correction coefficient K because a low-voltage distribution network system is mostly in an unbalanced operation statebLine loss calculation of correction equivalent resistance method and theoretical line loss value delta A of power distribution station areaunbThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula,. DELTA.AunbA theoretical line loss value of a power distribution station area is obtained; n is a radical ofstrThe structural coefficient of the power grid at the outlet of the distribution transformer is shown; i isavThe average current of the first section of the line is obtained; k is a shape coefficient; r iseqRThe equivalent resistance of the low-voltage line; kbCorrecting the three-phase unbalance coefficient; t is an operation time interval; d is the calendar days of the whole month; delta AdbiMonthly loss of the full-type electric energy meter; m isiThe number of the ith type electric energy meters is set; delta AcTo calculate the loss of the reactive power compensation device in the time period.
In step 4, the three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization model of the power distribution area is as follows:
since the radial network topology has a multi-level structural characteristic, a parameter β is introduced here to represent the structural characteristic of the user in the network topology, and an objective function is established as follows:
in the formula, betanA topological structure coefficient for the nth user; deltanThe three-phase unbalance degree of the nth user;the maximum value of the three-phase current of the nth user is obtained;the three-phase current mean value of the nth user is obtained;
meanwhile, the optimization model is used for researching the running condition of the power distribution station area under the medium and long time scales, the time dimension is introduced on the basis of the original user dimension, the number of days in the optimization period is set to be D days, and each optimization date is subdivided into 24 optimization periods. The phase matrix and the phase change matrix of all the users in the whole power distribution station area are changed as follows:
Ct=[c1,t c2,t … cN,t]
the equation is constrained as follows:
the overall optimization model is as follows:
in the formula, deltan,tThe three-phase unbalance degree of the nth user at the time t is obtained;the maximum value of the three-phase current of the nth user at the moment t is obtained;and the average value of the three-phase current of the nth user at the time t is shown.
And optimizing the three-phase unbalance multi-objective optimization model of the power distribution area, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
analyzing the three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization model of the power distribution station area from the aspect of mathematical properties;
and optimizing and solving the three-phase imbalance multi-target optimization model of the power distribution area by using an optimization solver, and analyzing to obtain three-phase imbalance multi-targets of the power distribution area under different schemes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of fully utilizing the actual topological structure and the user electricity utilization characteristics of a power distribution area, comprehensively considering the three-phase current unbalance degree of the power distribution area, the optimized number of users of the power distribution area and the theoretical line loss value of the power distribution area based on user phase sequence redistribution, and constructing a multi-objective optimization model of the three-phase current unbalance degree of the power distribution area. The strategy for optimizing the three-phase imbalance of the power distribution area in the long-time scale in the research improves the pertinence and the treatment effect of the three-phase imbalance optimization, and has important academic significance and engineering practical value.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a network topology diagram of a distribution substation.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the effect of the optimization scheme and the key indicators of the initial state of the region.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, so that a person skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions by referring to the description text.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the invention relates to a distribution network three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method based on a distribution network topological structure, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, collecting electricity consumption data of an intelligent ammeter of a resident user in a certain area, and preprocessing the data;
and 2, analyzing the topological structure of the transformer area and the characteristics of the users, including the network structure of the transformer area, the phase connection mode of the users and the properties of the users. The topological structure analysis comprises the network hierarchy, the number of distribution transformers, trunk lines, branch lines and users and the connection relation. The user property comprises the access phase condition and the power consumption characteristic of the resident user intelligent electric meter, the power consumption characteristic of the user is divided into a single-phase power consumption user and a three-phase power consumption user, the access phase condition of the user is divided into three-phase access and single-phase access, and the single-phase access mode is divided into three conditions of connection on an A phase, a B phase and a C phase.
and 5, optimizing the problem of three-phase unbalance of power utilization in the power distribution area in the medium and long time scales.
In this embodiment, the electricity consumption data of the intelligent electric meter of the residential user in the selected distribution area, including 96-point current data with a step length of 15min per day, is collected for data preprocessing. The data preprocessing comprises deletion of invalid data and padding of missing values. And deleting invalid data: if more than 12 current data of 24 current data of a certain user in one day are 0, defining the current data as invalid data, and deleting the data of the corresponding time of the user; padding data missing value: and selecting the average value of the current of the user at the same moment in two days before and after the user as the filling of the missing value. The selected distribution area is a distribution area topological structure in a certain rural area, and a distribution area network comprises 4 distribution transformers in a radial shape, wherein one distribution transformer is divided into 2 main lines. The network topology of the distribution station area is shown in fig. 2, wherein the number of the station area users is 72, 63 single users and 9 three-phase users.
By combining the topological structure and the user distribution characteristics of the selected distribution area, the three optimization model key parameters provided in the above can be obtained through calculation, and a distribution area three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization model which takes the minimum distribution area three-phase current imbalance degree and the minimum optimization number as optimization objectives and meets equality constraints is further constructed.
Based on the obtained three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization model of the power distribution area, an integral linear programming model is analyzed from the aspect of mathematical properties, a PYCHARRM compiler and a GUROBI optimization solver are selected for optimization solution, various optimization schemes can be obtained, and an optimization strategy suitable for user phase sequence adjustment is selected according to the analyzed overall imbalance improvement conditions under different schemes. Comparing the five optimized schemes obtained by optimization with the initial state of the area, selecting two indexes of three-phase imbalance (Delta) and optimized house number for display analysis, and comparing the indexes with the indexes shown in figure 3.
And comparing the three-phase unbalance degree of the transformer area before optimization with the line loss rate of the transformer area, analyzing the optimized three-phase unbalance improvement values, the optimized number of households participating in optimization, the line loss rate improvement values and the annual energy-saving benefits corresponding to different optimization schemes, and synthesizing the four parameters to obtain the optimal scheme for three-phase unbalance management of the transformer area.
The three-phase imbalance mitigation effect and energy saving benefit comparison of the five selected schemes are listed in table 1 below.
Table 1 distribution area three-phase unbalance optimization result
It can be known from the table above that, three-phase unbalance degree, the optimization household number and the platform district line loss rate of participating in the optimization of platform district have been considered in the power distribution platform district three-phase unbalance optimization model comprehensively, weigh a plurality of parameters and obtain 6 optimization schemes, can make different treatment selections under different demand scenes. The optimal scheme is scheme 2 when the number of the optimized users is reduced as much as possible, the three-phase unbalance degree can be reduced by 1.342% under the condition that fewer users need to change the phase, and the annual energy conservation benefit is estimated to be 2.571 ten thousand yuan; the optimal scheme for seeking the optimal treatment effect without optimizing the number of households is scheme 4, the maximum three-phase unbalance degree reduction value is 6.896%, and the annual energy efficiency benefit is estimated to be 10.153 ten thousand yuan.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A distribution network three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method based on a distribution network topological structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, collecting electricity consumption data of an intelligent ammeter of a resident user, and preprocessing the data;
step 2, analyzing the topological structure and the user characteristics of the transformer area;
step 3, calculating core parameters of a three-phase unbalance optimization model of the power distribution area, wherein the core parameters comprise the three-phase current unbalance degree of the power distribution area, the optimized number of users of the power distribution area and the theoretical line loss value of the power distribution area;
step 4, constructing a distribution network three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization model based on a distribution network topological structure;
and 5, optimizing the three-phase unbalance multi-objective optimization model of the power distribution area.
2. The distribution network topology-based distribution area three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 1, the electricity consumption data of the resident user intelligent electric meter comprises 96-point current data with a step length of 15min per day.
3. The distribution network topology structure-based distribution area three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 1, the data preprocessing includes deletion of invalid data and padding of missing values.
4. The distribution network topology structure-based distribution area three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2, the analysis of the topological structure comprises the network level, the number of distribution transformers, trunk lines, branch lines and users and the connection relation, and the user properties comprise the access phase condition and the electricity utilization characteristics of the resident user intelligent electric meters.
5. The distribution network topology structure-based distribution area three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, calculating the unbalance degree of the three-phase current of the power distribution area:
the current three-phase unbalance value is adopted to measure the distribution area, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Imax=max{IA,IB,IC}
Iavg=(IA+IB+IC)/3
where Delta refers to distributionThree-phase current unbalance of transformer area, ImaxRepresents the maximum current value, I, of the ABC three phasesavgRepresenting the mean value of the three-phase current, IA、IB、ICThe current values are three phases;
step 3.2, calculating the number of optimized users in the power distribution area;
calculating the number of users participating in optimization by adopting a mode of establishing a user phase matrix, wherein a phase sequence vector of a user accessed to a power grid is represented as z, and the following steps are shown:
if the number of the residential users in the distribution area is N, the phase sequence vector of the nth user is znThe phase matrix of all the users in the power distribution station area is Z, as follows:
recording Z as an initial power distribution station phase matrix and Z' as an optimized phase matrix, and comparing the phase matrices of the power distribution stations before and after optimization to obtain a phase change vector c of the power distribution stationnPhase change matrix C, as follows:
C=[c1 c2…cN]
in the formula, cnFor the phase change of the nth user, znFor the nth user initial phase, zn' optimizing the phase sequence for the nth user;
based on the formula, the number C of the users participating in the three-phase unbalance optimization strategy of the power distribution area is obtainednumAs follows:
step 3.3, calculating a theoretical line loss value of the power distribution station area;
the method selects a phase-splitting resistance method to calculate theoretical line loss, and introduces a correction coefficient K because a low-voltage distribution network system is mostly in an unbalanced operation statebLine loss calculation of correction equivalent resistance method and theoretical line loss value delta A of distribution substation areaunbThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula,. DELTA.AunbA theoretical line loss value of a power distribution station area is obtained; n is a radical ofstrThe structural coefficient of the power grid at the outlet of the distribution transformer is shown; i isavThe average current of the first section of the line is obtained; k is a shape coefficient; reqRThe resistance is equivalent resistance of a low-voltage line; k isbCorrecting the three-phase unbalance coefficient; t is an operation time interval; d is the number of days of the full-month calendar; delta AdbiMonthly loss of the full-type electric energy meter; m is a unit ofiThe number of the ith type electric energy meters is; delta AcTo calculate the loss of the reactive power compensation device in the time period.
6. The distribution network topology structure-based distribution area three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 4, the three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization model of the power distribution area is as follows: since the radial network topology has a multi-level structural characteristic, a parameter β is introduced here to represent the structural characteristic of the user in the network topology, and an objective function is established as follows:
in the formula,βnThe topological structure coefficient of the nth user; deltanThe three-phase unbalance degree of the nth user;the maximum value of the three-phase current of the nth user is obtained;the three-phase current mean value of the nth user is obtained; the phase matrix and the phase change matrix of all the users in the whole power distribution station area are changed as follows:
Ct=[c1,t c2,t…cN,t]
the equation is constrained as follows:
the overall optimization model is as follows:
7. The distribution network area three-phase imbalance multi-objective optimization method based on the distribution network topology structure, according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps: and optimizing and solving by using an optimization solver to obtain a plurality of optimization schemes, analyzing the obtained overall unbalance improvement conditions under different schemes, selecting an optimization strategy suitable for user phase sequence adjustment, comparing the three-phase unbalance degree and the line loss rate of the transformer area before optimization, and analyzing the optimized three-phase unbalance improvement values, the phase modulation number participating in optimization, the line loss rate improvement values and the annual energy-saving benefits corresponding to the different optimization schemes to obtain the optimal scheme for transformer area three-phase unbalance management.
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