CN114566036B - Photoelectric conversion device and method for vital sign signals - Google Patents
Photoelectric conversion device and method for vital sign signals Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C23/00—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems
- G08C23/06—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems through light guides, e.g. optical fibres
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0816—Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
- A61B5/1102—Ballistocardiography
Abstract
The application relates to a vital sign signal photoelectric conversion device and a method, which are characterized in that: including the light source 1, input optic fibre 2, optical fiber mode regulator 6, output optic fibre 4, photoelectric detector 5 and the electrical signal processing terminal 8 that set gradually, optical fiber mode regulator 6 includes upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of upper and lower relative setting, be equipped with the protruding structure that at least one downward cover plate extends on the upper cover plate, correspond on the lower cover plate to be equipped with the concave structure that mutually inserts with protruding structure, wear to be equipped with sensing optic fibre 3 between upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, the clearance that forms between protruding structure and the concave structure is passed to sensing optic fibre 3's local section. The vital sign signal photoelectric conversion method and device based on the optical fiber mode interferometer can be used for avoiding misplacement optical fiber fusion, so that the process difficulty is reduced, and special optical fibers such as double modes, four modes, double cores, multiple cores or small cores are not needed, so that the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field:
the application relates to the field of optical fiber sensing monitoring, in particular to the technical field of optical fiber vital sign monitoring, and particularly relates to a vital sign signal photoelectric conversion device and method based on optical fiber mode interference.
The background technology is as follows:
a typical vital sign signal acquisition device is an electrocardiogram sensor which needs to be adhered to the skin surface of a human body by electrodes and wires, is susceptible to the effects of hair on the skin surface, and in addition, the electrode sheet is susceptible to allergic or other skin damage conditions when used for a long time, which affects the user experience.
The electrical sensor is easily affected by electromagnetic interference, and the optical fiber sensor based on the optical principle has great application potential in application places requiring long-term vital sign monitoring because of electromagnetic interference resistance, small volume and light weight, optical fiber is not required to be adhered to skin during monitoring, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,498,652 B1 proposes to collect vital sign signals by using a traditional optical fiber interferometer to monitor the respiratory rate and heart rate of a human body; the disadvantage is that the proposed optical fiber interferometer system is not compact enough, the reference arm and the sensing arm need to be separated and isolated, and the optical fiber interferometer vital sign sensor (CN 210144637U) formed on a single optical fiber has great advantages over the conventional optical fiber interferometer vital sign sensor in terms of structural simplicity and environmental interference resistance, such as the reference arm and the sensing arm do not need to be separated and isolated, and the disadvantage is that the original structure of the optical fiber needs to be destroyed, which may affect the long-term reliability of the optical fiber.
The paper Xu W, et al, long modal interference in multimode fiber and its application in vital signs monitoring, optics Communications,2020,474:126100, proposes to monitor vital signs by using an optical fiber mode interferometer, and the sensor has a simple structure and low cost, but has low sensitivity, and a dislocation optical fiber welding process is required; the review paper "W Lyu, S Chen, F Tan, C Yu, vital Signs Monitoring Based on Interferometric Fiber Optic Sensors, photonics, 2022,9,50" reported in month 1 of 2022 relatively more fully summarizes the progress of the study of fiber optic interferometers for vital sign signal monitoring; as can be seen from the review paper, in order to improve the sensitivity of the fiber-based mode interferometer sensor, special fiber fusion processes and special optical fibers are generally adopted, for example, a dislocation fiber fusion process or the like is adopted, which increases the optical power budget and the manufacturing cost; many studies have also suggested the use of special optical fibers, such as dual mode, quad mode, dual core, and multi-core fibers, etc., which increase the cost of the fiber optic sensor.
In summary, the prior art has the following disadvantages: the sensitivity of the vital sign optical fiber sensor based on optical fiber mode interference cannot meet the general practical requirements if no special treatment process (dislocation optical fiber fusion, etc.) or special optical fibers (special optical fibers such as dual mode, four mode, dual core, multi-core or small core, etc.) are adopted, for example, the sensor is required to be placed on the mattress in application, cannot be placed under the mattress (because of insufficient sensitivity) or heartbeat signals cannot be acquired. In order to improve the sensitivity of the sensor, a special optical fiber welding process and a special optical fiber are adopted; such as with offset fiber fusion, which increases optical power budget and manufacturing costs; special optical fibers, such as dual mode, quad mode, dual core and multi-core or small core optical fibers, etc., are used, which also increases the cost of the fiber optic sensor.
The application comprises the following steps:
the application aims to provide a vital sign signal photoelectric conversion method and device based on an optical fiber mode interferometer, wherein the vital sign signal photoelectric conversion method and device based on the optical fiber mode interferometer can be used for reducing the process difficulty without adopting misplacement optical fiber fusion, and special optical fibers such as double modes, four modes, double cores, multiple cores or small cores and the like are not used, so that the cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
the application relates to a vital sign signal photoelectric conversion device, which is characterized in that: the optical fiber type optical fiber sensor comprises a light source, an input optical fiber, an optical fiber mode regulator, an output optical fiber, a photoelectric detector and an electric signal processing terminal which are sequentially arranged, wherein the optical fiber mode regulator comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate which are oppositely arranged up and down, at least one protruding structure extending towards the lower cover plate is arranged on the upper cover plate, a concave structure which is mutually inserted with the protruding structure is correspondingly arranged on the lower cover plate, a sensing optical fiber is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate in a penetrating manner, and a part section of the sensing optical fiber penetrates through a gap formed between the protruding structure and the concave structure.
Further, a thin sheet is arranged between the free end of the protruding structure and the sensing optical fiber; the sheet is adhered to the sensing fiber or the sheet is adhered to the recessed structure.
Furthermore, the convex structure is cylindrical, conical, truncated cone or square; the concave structure is a cylindrical, conical, truncated cone or square concave groove.
Further, the two sides of the concave groove are provided with extending grooves, the extending grooves and the concave groove form a concave structure, and the concave structure enables the sensing optical fiber to form an included angle between 30 and 180 degrees when being arranged in the concave structure in a penetrating mode.
Further, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are made of plastic, metal, silica gel or textile materials; the light source is a coherent light source or a non-coherent light source, such as FP, DFB, VECEL or an LED light source.
Further, the input optical fiber and the output optical fiber are single-mode optical fibers, such as communication single-mode optical fibers; the sensing optical fiber is multimode optical fiber, such as communication multimode optical fiber, and the input and output optical fiber and two ends of the sensing optical fiber are directly welded by an optical fiber welding machine or connected by a movable connector, so that a dislocation optical fiber welding process is not needed.
Further, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are fixedly connected or bonded and fixed through a buckle; the lower cover plate has a semicircular, U-shaped or V-shaped channel on its surface, which is laid out along the run of the sensing fiber, which channel passes through the recess structure for placing the sensing fiber.
Further, the concave structures and the convex structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are distributed into a middle group and two groups on two sides respectively to form five groups in total, the concave structures of each group are basically in a shape of a straight line, and the sensing optical fibers sequentially pass through two groups on one side, then pass through the middle group in a roundabout way, and then pass through two groups on the other side in a roundabout way; the concave structure and the convex structure between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are a single group, the single group of concave structure is basically in a cross shape, namely 4 extending channels are formed in a circumferential array around the concave groove, and the sensing optical fibers sequentially detours through the extending channels; the concave structures and the convex structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are a single group, the single group of concave structures are basically in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi', namely 6 extending channels are formed in a circumferential array around the concave grooves, and sensing optical fibers sequentially detours through the extending channels; the recessed structures and the protruding structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are rectangular and arrayed in four groups, each group of recessed structures is basically in a cross shape, namely 4 extending channels are formed in the periphery of the recessed grooves in a circumferential array, and the sensing optical fibers sequentially bypass through the extending channels.
The photoelectric conversion method of the vital sign signal photoelectric conversion device of the application is characterized in that: the light source is input into the sensing optical fiber through the transmission optical fiber, a fundamental mode and a Gao Jiedao mode in the sensing optical fiber are excited, interference occurs between modes meeting the phase matching condition at the output optical fiber, an interference pattern with alternate brightness and darkness is generated, and energy of a part of the interference pattern is transmitted to the photoelectric detector through the output optical fiber to perform photoelectric conversion.
Further, the intensities of the fundamental mode and the higher-order guided mode of the sensing optical fiber are respectively I 1 And I 2 The intensity I of the interference signal is
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofRepresenting the phase difference between the fundamental mode and the higher order guided mode of the sensing fiber; the phase difference between the fundamental mode and the high-order guided mode in the sensing optical fiber is efficiently disturbed by adopting the corresponding convex structure and the corresponding concave structure in the optical fiber mode regulator>Changes the change of vital sign signals into +.>And thus becomes a change in the interference signal intensity I; on the other hand, the corresponding convex structure and concave structure in the optical fiber mode regulator enable the sensing optical fiber to bend with the radius of R, so that the guided mode in the sensing optical fiber is coupled to the cladding mode and is lost, and the change of the vital sign signal is changed into the change of R, so that the signal intensity is changed; in the sensing optical fiber, bending loss is related to a mode, and by properly adjusting the size of the corresponding protruding structure in the optical fiber mode regulator to adjust the bending radius, the sensing optical fiber wiring mode is combined, so that obvious loss is introduced for a higher-order guided mode under the condition of almost not influencing a fundamental mode.
As can be seen from the above description of the structure of the present application, compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:
the device has simple structure and reasonable design, the structure of the application only uses common single-mode optical fibers and multimode communication optical fibers, and a misplaced optical fiber welding process is not needed at all, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process, completely avoiding the special optical fibers such as double modes, four modes, double cores, multiple cores or small cores and the like to improve the sensitivity of the sensor, and reducing the manufacturing cost; most importantly, the application adopts the optical fiber mode regulator, which can regulate the interference phase of a transmission mode in the sensing optical fiber and the loss of a cladding mode, thereby simultaneously carrying out photoelectric conversion in two dimensions to ensure high sensitivity of photoelectric conversion of vital sign signals.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a system set-up diagram of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a sensing fiber 3 disposed within a fiber mode modulator 6;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the upper cover 61 in the optical fiber mode regulator 6;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the lower cover 62 of the fiber mode regulator 6;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of sensing fibers in a typical lower cover sheet 62;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of sensing fibers in a typical lower cover sheet 62;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of sensing fibers in a typical lower cover sheet 62;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of sensing fibers in a typical lower cover sheet 62;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional configuration of FIG. 2;
fig. 10 is an electric signal processing terminal display screen.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an apparatus of the present application, comprising a light source 1, an input optical fiber 2, a sensing optical fiber 3, an output optical fiber 4, a photodetector 5, an optical fiber mode regulator 6, a vital sign signal 7, and an electrical signal processing terminal 8.
The optical fiber mode regulator 6 comprises an upper cover plate 61 and a lower cover plate 62 which are oppositely arranged up and down, at least one protruding structure 61-1 extending towards the lower cover plate is arranged on the upper cover plate 61, a concave structure 62-1 which is mutually inserted and matched with the protruding structure is correspondingly arranged on the lower cover plate, a sensing optical fiber 3 is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate in a penetrating way, and a local section of the sensing optical fiber 3 penetrates through a gap formed between the protruding structure and the concave structure.
The light source 1 may be a coherent light source or a non-coherent light source, such as FP, DFB, VECEL or an LED light source, etc., in this embodiment an FP light source is used, and the connection 12 between the light source 1 and the input optical fiber 2 is connected by means of an active connector. If the light source 1 has a tail fiber, the tail fiber can be connected by welding through a fiber welding machine. The input optical fiber 2 and the output optical fiber 4 employ standard, low-cost communication single-mode optical fibers but are not limited to single-mode optical fibers. The sensing fiber 3 is a multimode fiber but is not limited to a multimode fiber. The connection part 23 of the input optical fiber 2 and the sensing optical fiber 3 is connected by a movable connector, and can also be connected by a fusion welding mode of an optical fiber fusion welder. The connection 34 between the output optical fiber 4 and the sensing optical fiber 3 may be connected by a movable connector or by fusion-splicing with an optical fiber fusion splicer. The joints 23 and 34 do not require a misplaced fusion process. The connection 45 between the output optical fiber 4 and the photodetector 5 is connected by means of a movable connector. If the photodetector 5 has a pigtail, it may be connected by fusion by a fiber fusion splicer.
In this embodiment, the sensing fiber 3 is a bare fiber and is placed in the fiber mode modulator 6, as shown in fig. 2. The optical fiber mode modulator 6 is constituted by an upper cover sheet 61 (fig. 3) and a lower cover sheet 62 (fig. 4). The materials used for the upper covering sheet 61 and the lower covering sheet 62 in this embodiment are both plastics. Metal, silica gel, textile materials, etc. can also be selected. The upper covering sheet 61 and the lower covering sheet 62 may also be made of different materials, such as a woven material for the upper covering sheet and a plastic for the lower covering sheet. The upper and lower cover sheets 61 and 62 have at least one set of the snap hooks 10-1 and the snap grooves 10-2, preferably four sets, and are disposed at four corners for connecting the upper and lower cover sheets 61 and 62, and the upper and lower cover sheets 61 and 62 may be bonded with an adhesive, and the snap hooks 10-1 and the snap grooves 10-2 may maintain a space between the upper and lower cover sheets 61 and 62, and the upper cover sheet 61 has at least one protrusion structure 61-1, such as a cylindrical protrusion structure having a diameter D and a height H. The upper and lower cover sheets 61 and 62 have a plurality of convex structures 61-1 to 61-N (N > =2) and a plurality of concave structures 62-1 to 62-N, the convex structures 61-1 to 61-N and the concave structures 62-1 to 62-N being respectively paired to increase the synergistic effect of pattern regulation; in this embodiment, there are 5 cylindrical protruding structures, each of which is movable and can be taken out to facilitate adjustment of the height H of the protruding structure 61-1 or adjustment of the number and positions of the protruding structures, and finally, adjustment of the effect of the optical fiber mode adjustment. The lower cover sheet 62 has at least one concave structure 62-1, such as a diameter slightly larger than D, with a concave depth of sufficient depth (the concave depth is larger than the height H and the diameter of the sensing fiber 3) to mate with the cylindrical convex structure 61-1 on the upper cover sheet with a diameter D and a height H. In order to protect the bare fiber from the protruding structure 61-1, the recessed structure has a rectangular wide-band with a groove having a depth h elongated (i.e., an extending channel 63 is provided at a side of the recessed groove, and the extending channel may have a shape of a straight line, a cross, a rice, etc., as shown in fig. 5, 6, 7, and 8).
A thin plastic sheet 9 or a thin sheet of other materials is placed in the groove, the sensing optical fiber 3 is placed on the surface of the thin plastic sheet facing the lower cover plate of the optical fiber mode regulator, and the protruding structure of the upper cover plate only contacts one surface of the thin plastic sheet without the sensing optical fiber, and does not contact the surface of the thin plastic sheet with the sensing optical fiber. It is of course also possible to directly contact the side of the thin plastic sheet with the sensing fibers. In order to prevent the movement between the sensing fiber and the thin plastic sheet, the sensing fiber 3 and the thin plastic sheet 9 may be bonded with glue, or the thin plastic sheet 9 may be bonded with glue to the recess structure 62-1 of the lower cover sheet. In the present embodiment, the sensing fiber 3 is a bare fiber, but a jacketed fiber cable, such as a 0.9 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm fiber cable, may also be used. In this case, a thin plastic sheet is not required. Structures 61-1 through 61-5 mate correspondingly with 62-1 through 62-5. In order to reduce the manufacturing precision requirement and adjust the size of the sensing area, only 5 cylindrical protruding structures are needed, and the distribution of the cylindrical protruding structures is shown in fig. 5. In this embodiment, the protruding structure is cylindrical, or may be conical, truncated cone, square, or other structural shapes. The concave structure shape should be matched with the convex structure shape at this time.
The sensing optical fiber 3 can be arranged between the upper cover plate cylindrical protruding structure 61-1 and the lower cover plate concave structure 62-1 back and forth at a certain included angle, such as 45 degrees, 90 degrees and the like, so as to increase the cooperative effect of mode regulation; in this way, different positions of the sensing optical fiber 3 can sense vital sign signals at the same place, as shown in the following embodiments.
FIGS. 5-8 are wiring diagrams of several typical sensing fibers 3 in a fiber mode regulator, where different positions of the sensing fibers pass through a single concave structure (as in FIGS. 6-7), so that different positions of the sensing fibers can sense vital sign signals at the same location; or the sensing optical fiber passes through a plurality of concave structures so as to increase the synergistic effect of mode regulation (as shown in fig. 5 and 8). As shown in fig. 5, the concave structures and the convex structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are distributed into a middle group and two groups on two sides respectively to form five groups in total, the concave structures of each group are basically in a shape of a straight line, and the sensing optical fibers pass through two groups on one side in sequence, then pass through one group in the middle in a roundabout manner, and then pass through two groups on the other side in a roundabout manner; as shown in fig. 6, the concave structure and the convex structure between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are a single group, and the single group of concave structure is basically cross-shaped, namely, 4 extending channels are formed around the concave groove in a circumferential array, and the sensing optical fibers sequentially detours through each extending channel.
As shown in fig. 7, the concave structures and the convex structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are a single group, and the single group of concave structures are basically in a shape of a Chinese character 'mi', namely, 6 extending channels are formed around the concave grooves in a circumferential array, and the sensing optical fibers sequentially detour through the extending channels; as shown in fig. 8, the rectangular array of the concave structures and the convex structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate has four groups, each group of concave structures is basically in a cross shape, that is, 4 extending channels are formed around the concave grooves in a circumferential array, and the sensing optical fibers sequentially detours through each extending channel.
For better routing of the sensing fibers, the lower cover plate 62 has a semicircular, U-shaped or V-shaped channel on its surface, which is laid out along the running direction of the sensing fibers, which channel passes through the recessed structures 62-1 or 62-1 to 62-N (N > =1), i.e. for placing the sensing fibers 3.
In this embodiment, the vital sign signal 7 from a human or animal is transmitted to the optical fiber mode regulator 6 through a medium such as clothes, a mattress, etc., the optical fiber mode regulator 6 vibrates, and the displacement between the upper cover sheet and the lower cover sheet of the optical fiber mode regulator 6 receiving the vital sign signal 7 varies with the variation of the vital sign signal 7. This displacement changes, on the one hand, the phase of the interference between the modes transmitted in the sensing fiber 3 and, on the other hand, the coupling between the guided mode and the cladding mode. Thus, the interference pattern variation generated at the output optical fiber 4 and the loss variation of the cladding mode reach the photodetector 5 through the output optical fiber 4 to become a variation in the amplitude of the electric signal, wherein the photodetector 5 employs a semiconductor photodiode. The photodetector 5 may also be a camera, photomultiplier, pyroelectric detector, or the like.
The electric signal processing terminal 8 processes the electric signal from the photoelectric detector 5, and outputs the digital vital sign original amplitude signal, respiration rate, heart rate and body movement signal in a standard interface mode through amplification, denoising, analog-to-digital conversion, vital sign signal extraction algorithm and the like.
Fig. 10 is the result of measurement for a person. The top graph in fig. 10 is the digitized raw amplitude data, and the heartbeat signal can be clearly seen; the second graph (from the top) is a respiratory map; the third plot (from the top) is a ballistocardiogram; the fourth plot (from the top) is the FFT plot. The electrical signal processing terminal 8 displays a respiration rate of 10 beats/min and a heart rate of 59 beats/min.
Unlike the previous application, the present application adopts fiber mode regulator to regulate the interference phase of the transmission mode in the sensing fiber and the loss of the cladding mode, and combines the synergistic effect of the two dimensional mode regulation to ensure the high-sensitivity photoelectric conversion of vital sign signal.
The working principle of the application is as follows:
the light source 1 is input into the sensing optical fiber 3 through the transmission optical fiber 2, the fundamental mode and the Gao Jiedao mode in the sensing optical fiber are excited, interference occurs between modes meeting the phase matching condition at the output optical fiber 4, an interference pattern with alternate brightness and darkness is generated, and the energy of a part area of the interference pattern is transmitted to the photoelectric detector 5 by the output optical fiber 4 for photoelectric conversion. For explicit simple explanation, taking a higher order guided mode as an example, the intensities of the fundamental and higher order guided modes are I1 and I2, respectively, the intensity I of the interference signal can be approximated as
（1）
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofRepresenting the phase difference between the fundamental mode and the higher order guided mode of the sensing fiber. The phase difference between the fundamental mode and the high-order guided mode in the sensing optical fiber can be efficiently disturbed by adopting the corresponding convex structure and the concave structure in the optical fiber mode regulator>Changes the change of vital sign signals into +.>And thus the interference signal intensity I. On the other hand, the corresponding convex structures and concave structures in the optical fiber mode regulator cause the sensing optical fiber to bend with radius R, so that the guided mode in the sensing optical fiber can be coupled to the cladding mode and lost. Thus, the change of the vital sign signal becomes the change of R, so that the signal intensity is changed. In the sensing fiber, bending losses are mode dependent. By properly adjusting the corresponding protruding structure size in the optical fiber mode regulator to adjust the bending radius, and combining the sensing optical fiber wiring mode, the method can introduce significant loss for the higher-order guided mode under the condition of almost not influencing the fundamental mode. In general, the device of the application can efficiently disturb the phase difference between the fundamental mode and the high-order guided mode in the sensing optical fiberCoupling of the fundamental and cladding modes in the sensing fiber. Through the synergistic effect of the two dimensional mode regulation and control, the high-sensitivity photoelectric conversion of the vital sign signals is ensured in a method.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the technical advantages that:
1. the application has simple structure, is composed of common single mode optical fiber and multimode communication optical fiber, and has low manufacturing cost.
2. The dislocation optical fiber fusion process is not needed at all, special optical fibers such as double modes, four modes, double cores, multiple cores or small cores are not needed to improve the sensitivity of the sensor, and the manufacturing difficulty is reduced.
3. The optical fiber mode regulator can regulate the interference phase of the transmission mode in the sensing optical fiber and the loss of the guided mode coupling guided cladding mode, so that the high sensitivity of the photoelectric conversion of the vital sign signal is ensured in a method.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the same; while the application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present application or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the application, it is intended to cover the scope of the application as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. A vital sign signal photoelectric conversion device, characterized in that: the optical fiber type optical fiber sensor comprises a light source, an input optical fiber, an optical fiber mode regulator, an output optical fiber, a photoelectric detector and an electric signal processing terminal which are sequentially arranged, wherein the optical fiber mode regulator comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate which are oppositely arranged up and down, at least one protruding structure extending towards the lower cover plate is arranged on the upper cover plate, a concave structure which is mutually inserted with the protruding structure is correspondingly arranged on the lower cover plate, a sensing optical fiber is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate in a penetrating way, and a partial section of the sensing optical fiber penetrates through a gap formed between the protruding structure and the concave structure; a thin sheet is arranged between the free end of the protruding structure and the sensing optical fiber; the sheet is adhered to the sensing optical fiber or in the concave structure; the convex structure is cylindrical, conical, truncated cone-shaped or square; the concave structure is a cylindrical, conical, truncated cone-shaped or square concave groove; the two sides of the concave groove are provided with extension grooves, the extension grooves and the concave groove form a concave structure, the concave structure enables the sensing optical fiber to form an included angle when penetrating the concave structure, and the included angle is between 30 and 180 degrees; the concave structures and the convex structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are distributed into a middle group and two groups on two sides respectively to form a total of five groups, the concave structures of each group are basically in a shape of a straight line, and the sensing optical fibers sequentially pass through two groups on one side, then pass through the middle group in a roundabout way, and then pass through two groups on the other side in a roundabout way; the concave structure and the convex structure between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are a single group, the single group of concave structure is basically in a cross shape, namely 4 extending channels are formed in a circumferential array around the concave groove, and the sensing optical fibers sequentially detours through the extending channels; the concave structures and the convex structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are a single group, the single group of concave structures are basically in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi', namely 6 extending channels are formed in a circumferential array around the concave grooves, and sensing optical fibers sequentially detours through the extending channels; the recessed structures and the protruding structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are rectangular and arrayed in four groups, each group of recessed structures is basically in a cross shape, namely 4 extending channels are formed in the periphery of the recessed grooves in a circumferential array, and the sensing optical fibers sequentially bypass through the extending channels.
2. The vital sign signal photoelectric conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are made of plastic, metal, silica gel or textile materials; the light source is a coherent light source or a non-coherent light source, such as FP, DFB, VECEL or an LED light source.
3. The vital sign signal photoelectric conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the input optical fiber and the output optical fiber are single-mode optical fibers, such as communication single-mode optical fibers; the sensing optical fiber is multimode optical fiber, such as communication multimode optical fiber, and the input and output optical fiber and two ends of the sensing optical fiber are directly welded by an optical fiber welding machine or connected by a movable connector, so that a dislocation optical fiber welding process is not needed.
4. The vital sign signal photoelectric conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are fixedly connected or bonded and fixed through a buckle; the lower cover plate has a semicircular, U-shaped or V-shaped channel on its surface, which is laid out along the run of the sensing fiber, which channel passes through the recess structure for placing the sensing fiber.
5. A photoelectric conversion method of the vital sign signal photoelectric conversion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the light source is input into the sensing optical fiber through the transmission optical fiber, a fundamental mode and a Gao Jiedao mode in the sensing optical fiber are excited, interference occurs between modes meeting the phase matching condition at the output optical fiber, an interference pattern with alternate brightness and darkness is generated, and energy of a part of the interference pattern is transmitted to the photoelectric detector through the output optical fiber to perform photoelectric conversion.
6. The vital sign signal photoelectric conversion method according to claim 5, wherein: the intensities of the sensing optical fiber fundamental mode and the high-order guided mode are respectively I 1 And I 2 The intensity I of the interference signal is
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofRepresenting the phase difference between the fundamental mode and the higher order guided mode of the sensing fiber; the phase difference between the fundamental mode and the high-order guided mode in the sensing optical fiber is efficiently disturbed by adopting the corresponding convex structure and the corresponding concave structure in the optical fiber mode regulator>Changes the change of vital sign signals into +.>And thus becomes a change in the interference signal intensity I; on the other hand, the corresponding convex structure and concave structure in the optical fiber mode regulator enable the sensing optical fiber to bend with the radius of R, so that the guided mode in the sensing optical fiber is coupled to the cladding mode and is lost, and the change of the vital sign signal is changed into the change of R, so that the signal intensity is changed; in the sensing optical fiber, bending loss is related to a mode, and by properly adjusting the size of the corresponding protruding structure in the optical fiber mode regulator to adjust the bending radius, the sensing optical fiber wiring mode is combined, so that obvious loss is introduced for a higher-order guided mode under the condition of almost not influencing a fundamental mode.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210218778.4A CN114566036B (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Photoelectric conversion device and method for vital sign signals |
| PCT/CN2022/101071 WO2023168859A1 (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-24 | Vital sign signal photoelectric conversion device and method |
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| CN202210218778.4A CN114566036B (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Photoelectric conversion device and method for vital sign signals |
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