CN114563199A - Automobile front axle steering test device and durability and strength test method thereof - Google Patents
Automobile front axle steering test device and durability and strength test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114563199A CN114563199A CN202210280622.9A CN202210280622A CN114563199A CN 114563199 A CN114563199 A CN 114563199A CN 202210280622 A CN202210280622 A CN 202210280622A CN 114563199 A CN114563199 A CN 114563199A
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Abstract
A front axle steering test device of an automobile and a durability and strength test method thereof are disclosed, wherein the test device comprises an operating mechanism, a force transmission device, an axle fixing device and a hub fixing device which are fixed on a bottom plate, the power output end of the operating mechanism is connected with the power input end of the force transmission device, the power output end of the force transmission device is provided with a ball pin joint, the power output end of the force transmission device is over against a fixing support on one side of the axle fixing device, and the hub fixing device is arranged beside the axle fixing device and far away from the force transmission device; the actuating mechanism is provided with an actuator with adjustable fixed height, and the force transmission device is of a transmission structure with adjustable height. According to the device, a loading method and a judgment standard of fatigue and strength tests of a front axle steering test are provided. The design not only effectively improves the pertinence of the test, but also effectively reduces the test expenditure and shortens the test period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automobile front axle steering test device and a durability and strength test method thereof, which are particularly suitable for testing the steering function of an automobile front axle.
Background
With the continuous increase of the total economic quantity of China in recent years, the demand of commercial vehicles is increased year by year. As a production tool, a commercial vehicle has higher and higher requirements on the reliability of the vehicle, and a user hopes to buy the vehicle which is safe, comfortable and good in reliability. The automobile front axle is an important assembly component of a commercial vehicle, is a bearing part and a steering function part, and the reliability of the automobile front axle relates to the running safety of the whole vehicle. How to more efficiently and comprehensively verify the reliability and strength of the front axle steering system on the indoor gantry becomes a subject of intensive research.
At present, the test verification aiming at the durability of the front axle of the automobile mainly focuses on part/assembly verification and whole automobile road test. In the current bench test standard of the front axle of the automobile, all manufacturers examine the bearing aspect and pay attention to the examination of the vertical strength and rigidity of the front axle, and the examination is shown in QC/T494-1999 test method of rigidity of the front axle of the automobile and QC/T513-1999 test method of fatigue life of the front axle of the automobile. The whole vehicle road test standard refers to GB/T12534-1990 (the front axle steering verification needs to be carried out on 1500km mountain roads, 3500km bad roads and 1000km flat roads) and relevant enterprise standards. The part test only examines the reliability of a single part or assembly and cannot well relate the service life of the part to the whole vehicle; the whole vehicle road test has long period, high cost, less sample amount and relatively poor consistency of test results influenced by subjective and objective factors.
As the steering knuckle and the kingpin are continuously worn during the driving process of the vehicle, the resulting faults account for a large portion of the after-market fault statistics of the vehicle. The bench verification as the automobile front axle steering function is not mentioned in the current domestic literature and technical standard, and is a blank area in the current automobile part and system bench test.
At present, the examination test of a domestic host machine factory on a steering knuckle is mainly carried out on a whole vehicle road test. The whole vehicle road test has high road requirement, the test consumes long time, and the steering force during steering cannot be controlled. In addition, in a road test, frequent steering causes great hidden danger to the safety of personnel in the test process. The existing testing device can only be suitable for a small part of axles, and the stress of a steering axle is difficult to keep horizontal, thereby causing interference to the test result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of small application range and low test precision in the prior art, and provides an automobile front axle steering test device with wide application range and improved test precision and a durability and strength test method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a front axle steering test device for an automobile comprises an operating mechanism, a force transmission device, an axle fixing device and a hub fixing device, wherein the operating mechanism, the force transmission device, the axle fixing device and the hub fixing device are fixed on a bottom plate;
the actuating mechanism is provided with an actuator with adjustable fixed height, and the force transmission device is of a transmission structure with adjustable height.
The manipulation mechanism includes: the actuator comprises an actuator, a thrust frame and a hanging hanger, wherein the tail of a shell of the actuator is fixed on the thrust frame, the front end of the shell of the actuator is fixed in the middle of the hanging hanger, and a power output rod of the actuator is in transmission fit with the power input end of the force transmission device.
The thrust frame includes: base, actuator fixed plate and elevating screw, the front end of actuator fixed plate and the casing afterbody fixed connection of actuator, the back sliding fit of slide rail and actuator fixed plate that the base front end set up along vertical direction through two, is provided with elevating screw between two slide rails, elevating screw's top is fixed with hand wheel, hand wheel passes through elevating screw and actuator fixed plate transmission cooperation, the left and right sides of actuator fixed plate respectively is equipped with a fixed curb plate, and fixed curb plate is through the fixing bolt that sets up on it and the lateral part press fit of base.
The suspension hanger includes: door type frame, height-adjusting screw lifting hook and suspension spring, the crossbeam middle part of door type frame is provided with the screw rod fixing base, the outside setting of height-adjusting screw lifting hook is located to screw rod fixing base cover, and height-adjusting screw lifting hook upper end is helicitic texture, and height-adjusting screw lifting hook upper end is through spacing nut and the spacing cooperation of screw rod fixing base, and the bottom of height-adjusting screw lifting hook is connected with suspension spring's top through the couple, suspension spring's bottom is connected with actuator shell's top.
The force transfer device comprises: pass power square chest and slide rail base, pass the slider and slide rail base sliding fit of power square chest through the bottom, the one end of passing power square chest is connected with the power take off pole of actuator through the universal joint, the other end of passing power square chest is connected with the one end of dowel steel through the constant velocity universal joint, the other end of dowel steel is connected with ball pin joint, be provided with the slide rail with slider sliding fit on the slide rail base, the slide rail is on a parallel with the casing setting of actuator.
The axle fixing device includes: the wheel hub fixing device comprises a pair of axle fixing supports which are oppositely arranged, wherein one axle fixing support is arranged on the same side as the force transmission square box, the outer side of the other axle fixing support is provided with a wheel hub fixing device, and the top of each axle fixing support is provided with a plurality of fixing holes;
the hub fixing device includes: the vertical seat comprises a bottom plate and a vertical plate which are vertically connected, the vertical plate is arranged along the vertical direction, the included angle between the plane where the vertical plate is located and the straight line where the power output rod of an actuator is located is 60-90 degrees, two rows of horizontal long round holes which are arranged in parallel are formed in the bottom plate and the vertical plate, a row of through holes are formed between the two rows of the horizontal long round holes, the height-adjustable fixing frame comprises a hub fixing plate and a height-adjustable plate which are vertically connected, a hub fixing hole is formed in the hub fixing plate, two rows of vertical long round holes are formed in the height-adjustable plate, the vertical plate is connected with the height-adjustable plate through a bolt, and the bolt is connected with a nut in a threaded mode after sequentially penetrating through the horizontal long round holes and the vertical long round holes.
The test device is used for testing the durability and the strength of an axle to be tested, the axle to be tested is inversely fixed on the axle fixing support through bolts, a hub on one side of the axle to be tested is fixed on the hub fixing plate, and the end part of a steering rocker arm of the hub on the other side of the axle to be tested is in rotating fit with the dowel bar through a ball pin joint.
A durability test method of an automobile front axle steering test device, the durability test method comprising the steps of:
selecting 3-5 axles to be tested on the automobile front axle steering test device to respectively perform the following tests, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
s1, mounting an axle: the method comprises the steps that an axle to be tested is inversely fixed on an axle fixing device through bolts, the positions of a vertical seat and an adjustable height fixing frame are adjusted to enable a hub on the corresponding side to be in a steering limit state, then the vertical seat, the hub and the adjustable height fixing frame are fixed through the bolts, then a ball pin joint is installed on an installation hole of a steering rocker arm, the fixed height of a constant-speed universal joint on a force transmission square box is adjusted to enable a force transmission rod to be maintained in a horizontal state, the fixed heights of the universal joint, an actuator fixing plate and a height adjusting screw rod lifting hook are adjusted to enable the central axis of an actuator and the central axis of the force transmission rod to be located on the same horizontal plane, and installation is completed at the moment;
s2, testing adjustment parameters: applying a dynamic load of which the maximum designed axle load of the front axle is K times at the steering knuckle of the front axle by controlling the actuator at the frequency of 1 Hz-5 Hz until the steering of the axle to be tested fails, wherein the value range of K is 0.5-0.7, and the waveform applied by the dynamic load is a sine waveform;
the steering failure standard is that under the applied dynamic load, the deformation of the sample piece at the load peak point exceeds 10% of the set value;
s3, recording and analyzing test results: recording the times of applying dynamic load when the sample piece fails under the load, wherein the times of applying the dynamic load are the single endurance fatigue test result, then detaching the sample piece after the test is finished, and returning to S1 to mount the axle to carry out endurance test on the next axle to be tested;
and after all the axles to be tested are tested, if the number of times of applying the dynamic load of all the axles is more than 20 ten thousand, the endurance test is qualified, and if the number of times of applying the dynamic load of the axles is less than 20 ten thousand, the endurance test is unqualified.
A strength testing method of an automobile front axle steering testing device comprises the following steps:
selecting 3-5 axles to be tested to respectively perform the following tests on the automobile front axle steering test device, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
s1, mounting an axle: installing an axle: the method comprises the steps that an axle to be tested is inversely fixed on an axle fixing device through bolts, the positions of a vertical seat and an adjustable height fixing frame are adjusted to enable a hub on the corresponding side to be in a steering limit state, then the vertical seat, the hub and the adjustable height fixing frame are fixed through the bolts, then a ball pin joint is installed on an installation hole of a steering rocker arm, the fixed height of a constant-speed universal joint on a force transmission square box is adjusted to enable a force transmission rod to be maintained in a horizontal state, the fixed heights of the universal joint, an actuator fixing plate and a height adjusting screw rod lifting hook are adjusted to enable the central axis of an actuator and the central axis of the force transmission rod to be located on the same horizontal plane, and installation is completed at the moment;
s2, testing adjustment parameters: applying a gradually increasing static force at the front shaft steering knuckle by controlling an actuator, wherein the static force increases from zero, the increasing speed is controlled at 1Kn/min until a sample piece fails, and the test is finished at the moment;
when the sample piece has obvious plastic deformation, functional failure, cracks or fracture, judging that the sample piece has failure;
s3, recording and analyzing test results: recording the magnitude of the static force applied when the sample piece fails as a single strength test result, then detaching the sample piece after the test is finished, and returning to S1 to mount the axle to carry out strength test on the next axle to be tested;
and after all the axles to be tested are tested, if the applied force of all the axles is greater than the maximum design axle load of the front axle, the strength test is qualified, and if the applied force of the axles is less than the maximum design axle load of the front axle, the strength test is unqualified.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the automobile front axle steering test device provided by the invention is used for checking by taking an automobile front axle steering mechanism as a whole, the stress mode and the motion of a system consisting of a front beam, a steering knuckle, a tie rod and a hub brake drum are closer to the simulation on a real automobile, most parts in the whole front axle steering system can be checked, the test is closer to the actual working condition of the whole automobile, the reliability of the test is effectively improved, meanwhile, a rack can replace a road test, the test period is shortened, the test cost is reduced, the test sample is expanded, and the consistency of the test result is good and the repeatability is high. Therefore, the design test simulates the actual working condition, not only effectively improves the test pertinence, but also effectively reduces the test expenditure and shortens the test period.
2. The heights of the actuator and the force transmission device in the automobile front axle steering test device are adjustable, so that the steering force applied by the actuator is transmitted to the steering knuckle in the horizontal direction, and meanwhile, the wheel hub fixing device is provided with a plurality of long round holes, so that the phase angle and the fixed height can be adjusted, and the test requirements of front axle steering systems with different specifications and sizes can be met; meanwhile, the force transfer rod can convert the linear motion of the actuator and the force transfer square box into the rotary motion of the axle knuckle arm to be tested, and motion interference cannot occur. Therefore, the design highly imitates the stress direction of a real vehicle, effectively reduces interference and has high reliability of test results.
3. When the automobile front axle steering test device is used, different output force curves are loaded through the actuator, the durability and strength test of the steering device is realized, the universality of the test bench is strong, and the test preparation period and the bench building cost are saved. Therefore, the rack of the design is strong in universality and effectively reduces the test cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the steering mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the hub fixing device of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the hub attachment arrangement of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the ball and pin joint of fig. 4.
In the figure: the device comprises a control mechanism 1, an actuator 11, a force transmission device 2, a force transmission square box 21, a slide rail base 22, a slide block 23, a constant velocity universal joint 24, a universal joint 25, a ball pin joint 26, a force transmission rod 27, an axle fixing device 3, an axle fixing support 31, a fixing hole 32, a hub fixing device 4, a bottom plate 40, a vertical seat 41, a height-adjustable fixing frame 42, a vertical plate 43, a transverse long circular hole 44, a hub fixing plate 45, a height-adjustable plate 46, a vertical long circular hole 47, a hub fixing hole 48, a through hole 49, a thrust frame 5, a base 51, an actuator fixing plate 52, a lifting screw 53, a slide rail 54, a hand wheel 55, a fixing side plate 56, a suspension hanger 6, a door-shaped frame 61, a height adjusting screw rod hook 62, a suspension spring 63, a screw rod fixing mechanism 64, a limit nut 65, an axle 7 to be tested and a steering rocker arm 71.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the automobile front axle steering test device comprises an operating mechanism 1, a force transmission device 2, an axle fixing device 3 and a hub fixing device 4, wherein the operating mechanism 1 is fixed on a bottom plate, a power output end of the operating mechanism 1 is connected with a power input end of the force transmission device 2, a power output end of the force transmission device 2 is provided with a ball pin joint 26, a power output end of the force transmission device 2 is arranged right opposite to a fixing support on one side of the axle fixing device 3, and the hub fixing device 4 is arranged beside the axle fixing device 3 and far away from the side of the force transmission device 2;
the operating mechanism 1 is provided with an actuator 11 with adjustable fixed height, and the force transmission device 2 is of a transmission structure with adjustable height.
The steering mechanism 1 includes: actuator 11, thrust frame 5 and hang gallows 6, the casing afterbody of actuator 11 is fixed in on the thrust frame 5, 11 casing front ends of actuator are fixed in hanging gallows 6 middle parts, the power take off pole of actuator 11 and power input end transmission fit of power transmission device 2.
The thrust bracket 5 includes: base 51, actuator fixed plate 52 and elevating screw 53, the front end of actuator fixed plate 52 and the casing afterbody fixed connection of actuator 11, base 51 front end is through two slide rails 54 that set up along vertical direction and the back sliding fit of actuator fixed plate 52, is provided with elevating screw 53 between two slide rails 54, elevating screw 53's top is fixed with hand round 55, hand round 55 is through elevating screw 53 and the transmission cooperation of actuator fixed plate 52, the left and right sides of actuator fixed plate 52 respectively is equipped with a fixed curb plate 56, and fixed curb plate 56 is through the fixing bolt that sets up on it and base 51's lateral part press-fit.
The suspension hanger 6 includes: door type frame 61, height adjusting screw lifting hook 62 and suspension spring 63, door type frame 61's crossbeam middle part is provided with screw rod fixing base 64, the outside setting of height adjusting screw lifting hook 62 is located to screw rod fixing base 64 cover, and height adjusting screw lifting hook 62 upper end is helicitic texture, and height adjusting screw lifting hook 62 upper end is connected with suspension spring 63's top through couple through limit nut 65 and the spacing cooperation of screw rod fixing base 64, height adjusting screw lifting hook 62's bottom, suspension spring 63's bottom is connected with the top of actuator 11 shell.
The force transfer device 2 comprises: pass power square chest 21 and slide rail base 22, pass power square chest 21 through the slider 23 and the slide rail base 22 sliding fit of bottom, the one end of passing power square chest 21 is connected with the power take off pole of actuator 11 through universal joint 25, the other end of passing power square chest 21 is connected with the one end of dowel steel 27 through constant velocity universal joint 24, the other end of dowel steel 27 is connected with ball round pin joint 26, be provided with the slide rail with slider 23 sliding fit on the slide rail base 22, the slide rail is on a parallel with the casing setting of actuator 11.
The axle fixing device 3 includes: one axle fixing bracket 31 is arranged on the same side of the force transmission square box 21, a wheel hub fixing device 4 is arranged on the outer side of the other axle fixing bracket 31, and a plurality of fixing holes 32 are formed in the top of the axle fixing bracket 31;
the hub fixing device 4 includes: stand 41 and adjustable high mount 42, stand 41 including the bottom plate 40 and the riser 43 of perpendicular connection, riser 43 sets up along vertical direction, contained angle between the power take off pole place straight line of riser 43 place plane and actuator 11 is 60 degrees-90 degrees, all be provided with two parallel arrangement's horizontal slotted hole 44 on bottom plate 40 and the riser 43, be provided with a through-hole 49 between two horizontal slotted holes 44, adjustable high mount 42 is including the wheel hub fixed plate 45 and the accent board 46 of perpendicular connection, wheel hub fixed hole 48 has been seted up to wheel hub fixed plate 45, be provided with two vertical slotted holes 47 on the accent board 46, riser 43 is connected with the accent board 46 through the bolt, the bolt passes horizontal slotted hole 44 and vertical slotted hole 47 back in proper order and nut threaded connection.
The test device is used for testing the durability and the strength of an axle 7 to be tested, the axle 7 to be tested is inversely fixed on the axle fixing bracket 31 through bolts, a hub on one side of the axle 7 to be tested is fixed on the hub fixing plate 45, and the end part of a steering rocker arm 71 on the hub on the other side of the axle 7 to be tested is in rotating fit with a dowel bar 27 through a ball pin joint 26.
A durability test method of an automobile front axle steering test device, the durability test method comprising the steps of:
selecting 3-5 axles 7 to be tested to respectively perform the following tests on the automobile front axle steering test device, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
s1, mounting an axle: the method comprises the steps that an axle 7 to be tested is inversely fixed on an axle fixing device 3 through bolts, the positions of a vertical seat 41 and an adjustable height fixing frame 42 are adjusted, a hub on the corresponding side of the vertical seat is in a steering limit state, then the vertical seat 41, the hub and the adjustable height fixing frame 42 are fixed through the bolts, then a ball pin joint 26 is installed on an installation hole of a steering rocker arm 71, the fixed height of a constant velocity universal joint 24 on a force transmission square box 21 is adjusted to enable a force transmission rod 27 to be maintained in a horizontal state, the fixed heights of a universal joint 25, an actuator fixing plate 52 and a height adjusting screw rod hook 62 are adjusted, the central axis of an actuator 11 and the central axis of the force transmission rod 27 are located on the same horizontal plane, and installation is completed at the moment;
s2, testing adjustment parameters: applying a dynamic load of which the maximum designed axle load is K times of the axle load of the front axle at the steering joint of the front axle by controlling the actuator at the frequency of 1 Hz-5 Hz until the steering of the axle 7 to be tested fails, wherein the value range of K is 0.5-0.7, and the waveform applied by the dynamic load is a sine waveform;
the steering failure standard is that under the applied dynamic load, the deformation of the sample piece at the load peak point exceeds 10% of the set value;
s3, recording and analyzing test results: recording the times of applying dynamic load when the sample piece fails under the load, wherein the times of applying the dynamic load are the single endurance fatigue test result, then detaching the sample piece after the test is finished, and returning to S1 to mount the axle to carry out endurance test on the next axle to be tested 7;
after all the axles 7 to be tested are tested, if the number of times of applying the dynamic load of all the axles is more than 20 ten thousand, the endurance test is qualified, and if the number of times of applying the dynamic load of the axles is less than 20 ten thousand, the endurance test is unqualified.
A strength testing method of an automobile front axle steering testing device comprises the following steps:
selecting 3-5 axles 7 to be tested to respectively perform the following tests on the automobile front axle steering test device, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
s1, mounting an axle: installing an axle: the method comprises the steps that an axle 7 to be tested is inversely fixed on an axle fixing device 3 through bolts, the positions of a vertical seat 41 and an adjustable height fixing frame 42 are adjusted, a hub on the corresponding side of the vertical seat is in a steering limit state, then the vertical seat 41, the hub and the adjustable height fixing frame 42 are fixed through the bolts, then a ball pin joint 26 is installed on an installation hole of a steering rocker arm 71, the fixed height of a constant velocity universal joint 24 on a force transmission square box 21 is adjusted to enable a force transmission rod 27 to be maintained in a horizontal state, the fixed heights of a universal joint 25, an actuator fixing plate 52 and a height adjusting screw rod hook 62 are adjusted, the central axis of an actuator 11 and the central axis of the force transmission rod 27 are located on the same horizontal plane, and installation is completed at the moment;
s2, testing adjustment parameters: applying a gradually increasing static force at the front axle steering knuckle by controlling the actuator 11, wherein the static force increases from zero, the increasing speed is controlled at 1Kn/min until the sample piece fails, and the test is finished at the moment;
when the sample piece has obvious plastic deformation, functional failure, cracks or fracture, judging that the sample piece has failure;
s3, recording and analyzing test results: recording the magnitude of the static force applied when the sample piece fails as a single strength test result, then detaching the sample piece after the test is finished, and returning to S1 to mount the axle to carry out strength test on the next axle 7 to be tested;
and after all the axles 7 to be tested are tested, if the applied force of all the axles is greater than the maximum design axle load of the front axle, the strength test is qualified, and if the applied force of the axles is less than the maximum design axle load of the front axle, the strength test is unqualified.
The principle of the invention is illustrated as follows:
in an endurance test method of an automobile front axle steering test device, the maximum design axle load of a front axle with the dynamic load of 0.56 time is provided.
A sliding rail base 22 is arranged below the force transmission device 2, so that the force transmission square box 21 reciprocates back and forth along the direction of the sliding rail, and the reliability of the system is effectively improved.
Example 1:
a front axle steering test device for an automobile comprises an operating mechanism 1, a force transmission device 2, an axle fixing device 3 and a hub fixing device 4, wherein the operating mechanism 1, the force transmission device 2, the axle fixing device 3 and the hub fixing device 4 are fixed on a bottom plate, the power output end of the operating mechanism 1 is connected with the power input end of the force transmission device 2, the power output end of the force transmission device 2 is provided with a ball pin joint 26, the power output end of the force transmission device 2 is arranged right opposite to a fixing support on one side of the axle fixing device 3, and the hub fixing device 4 is arranged beside the axle fixing device 3 and far away from the side of the force transmission device 2;
the operating mechanism 1 is provided with an actuator 11 with adjustable fixed height, and the force transmission device 2 is of a transmission structure with adjustable height.
The force transfer device 2 comprises: pass power square chest 21 and slide rail base 22, pass power square chest 21 through the slider 23 and the slide rail base 22 sliding fit of bottom, the one end of passing power square chest 21 is connected with the power take off pole of actuator 11 through universal joint 25, the other end of passing power square chest 21 is connected with the one end of dowel steel 27 through constant velocity universal joint 24, the other end of dowel steel 27 is connected with ball round pin joint 26, be provided with the slide rail with slider 23 sliding fit on the slide rail base 22, the slide rail is on a parallel with the casing setting of actuator 11.
The axle fixing device 3 includes: one axle fixing bracket 31 is arranged on the same side of the force transmission square box 21, a wheel hub fixing device 4 is arranged on the outer side of the other axle fixing bracket 31, and a plurality of fixing holes 32 are formed in the top of the axle fixing bracket 31;
example 2:
example 2 is substantially the same as example 1 except that:
the steering mechanism 1 includes: actuator 11, thrust frame 5 and hang gallows 6, the casing afterbody of actuator 11 is fixed in on the thrust frame 5, 11 casing front ends of actuator are fixed in hanging gallows 6 middle parts, the power take off pole of actuator 11 and power input end transmission fit of power transmission device 2.
The thrust bracket 5 includes: base 51, actuator fixed plate 52 and elevating screw 53, the front end of actuator fixed plate 52 and the casing afterbody fixed connection of actuator 11, base 51 front end is through two slide rails 54 that set up along vertical direction and the back sliding fit of actuator fixed plate 52, is provided with elevating screw 53 between two slide rails 54, elevating screw 53's top is fixed with hand round 55, hand round 55 is through elevating screw 53 and the transmission cooperation of actuator fixed plate 52, the left and right sides of actuator fixed plate 52 respectively is equipped with a fixed curb plate 56, and fixed curb plate 56 is through the fixing bolt that sets up on it and base 51's lateral part press-fit.
The suspension hanger 6 includes: door type frame 61, height adjusting screw lifting hook 62 and suspension spring 63, door type frame 61's crossbeam middle part is provided with screw rod fixing base 64, the outside setting of height adjusting screw lifting hook 62 is located to screw rod fixing base 64 cover, and height adjusting screw lifting hook 62 upper end is helicitic texture, and height adjusting screw lifting hook 62 upper end is connected with suspension spring 63's top through couple through limit nut 65 and the spacing cooperation of screw rod fixing base 64, height adjusting screw lifting hook 62's bottom, suspension spring 63's bottom is connected with the top of actuator 11 shell.
A durability test method of an automobile front axle steering test device, the durability test method comprising the steps of:
selecting 3-5 axles 7 to be tested to respectively perform the following tests on the automobile front axle steering test device, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
s1, mounting an axle: the method comprises the steps that an axle 7 to be tested is inversely fixed on an axle fixing device 3 through bolts, the positions of a vertical seat 41 and an adjustable height fixing frame 42 are adjusted, a hub on the corresponding side of the vertical seat is in a steering limit state, then the vertical seat 41, the hub and the adjustable height fixing frame 42 are fixed through the bolts, then a ball pin joint 26 is installed on an installation hole of a steering rocker arm 71, the fixed height of a constant velocity universal joint 24 on a force transmission square box 21 is adjusted to enable a force transmission rod 27 to be maintained in a horizontal state, the fixed heights of a universal joint 25, an actuator fixing plate 52 and a height adjusting screw rod hook 62 are adjusted, the central axis of an actuator 11 and the central axis of the force transmission rod 27 are located on the same horizontal plane, and installation is completed at the moment;
s2, testing adjustment parameters: applying a dynamic load of which the maximum designed axle load of the front axle is K times at a steering joint of the front axle by controlling the actuator at the frequency of 1 Hz-5 Hz until the steering of the axle 7 to be tested fails, wherein the value range of K is 0.5-0.7, and the applied waveform of the dynamic load is a sine waveform;
the steering failure standard is that under the applied dynamic load, the deformation of the sample piece at the load peak point exceeds 10% of the set value;
s3, recording and analyzing test results: recording the times of applying the dynamic load when the sample piece fails under the load, wherein the times of applying the dynamic load are the single endurance fatigue test result, then detaching the sample piece after the test is finished, and returning to S1 to install the axle to carry out the endurance test on the next axle 7 to be tested;
after all the axles 7 to be tested are tested, if the number of times of applying the dynamic load of all the axles is more than 20 ten thousand, the endurance test is qualified, and if the number of times of applying the dynamic load of the axles is less than 20 ten thousand, the endurance test is unqualified.
Example 3:
example 3 is substantially the same as example 2 except that:
the hub fixing device 4 includes: the height-adjustable fixing frame comprises a vertical base 41 and a height-adjustable fixing frame 42, wherein the vertical base 41 comprises a bottom plate 40 and a vertical plate 43 which are vertically connected, the vertical plate 43 is arranged along the vertical direction, an included angle between a plane where the vertical plate 43 is located and a straight line where a power output rod of the actuator 11 is located is 60-90 degrees, two rows of horizontal long round holes 44 which are arranged in parallel are arranged on the bottom plate 40 and the vertical plate 43, a row of through holes 49 are arranged between the two rows of horizontal long round holes 44, the height-adjustable fixing frame 42 comprises a hub fixing plate 45 and a height-adjustable plate 46 which are vertically connected, a hub fixing hole 48 is formed in the hub fixing plate 45, two rows of vertical long round holes 47 are formed in the height-adjustable plate 46, the vertical plate 43 is connected with the height-adjustable plate 46 through bolts, and the bolts are in threaded connection with nuts after sequentially passing through the horizontal long round holes 44 and the vertical long round holes 47.
The test device is used for testing the durability and the strength of an axle 7 to be tested, the axle 7 to be tested is inversely fixed on the axle fixing bracket 31 through bolts, a hub on one side of the axle 7 to be tested is fixed on the hub fixing plate 45, and the end part of a steering rocker arm 71 on the hub on the other side of the axle 7 to be tested is in rotating fit with a dowel bar 27 through a ball pin joint 26.
A strength testing method of an automobile front axle steering testing device comprises the following steps:
selecting 3-5 axles 7 to be tested to respectively perform the following tests on the automobile front axle steering test device, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
s1, mounting an axle: installing an axle: the method comprises the steps that an axle 7 to be tested is inversely fixed on an axle fixing device 3 through bolts, the positions of a vertical seat 41 and an adjustable height fixing frame 42 are adjusted, a hub on the corresponding side of the vertical seat is in a steering limit state, then the vertical seat 41, the hub and the adjustable height fixing frame 42 are fixed through the bolts, then a ball pin joint 26 is installed on an installation hole of a steering rocker arm 71, the fixed height of a constant velocity universal joint 24 on a force transmission square box 21 is adjusted to enable a force transmission rod 27 to be maintained in a horizontal state, the fixed heights of a universal joint 25, an actuator fixing plate 52 and a height adjusting screw rod hook 62 are adjusted, the central axis of an actuator 11 and the central axis of the force transmission rod 27 are located on the same horizontal plane, and installation is completed at the moment;
s2, testing adjustment parameters: by controlling the actuator 11, applying a gradually increasing static force at the front axle steering knuckle, wherein the static force is increased from zero, and the increasing speed is controlled at 1Kn/min until the sample piece fails, and the test is finished;
when the sample piece has obvious plastic deformation, functional failure, cracks or fracture, judging that the sample piece has failure;
s3, recording and analyzing test results: recording the magnitude of the static force applied when the sample piece fails as a single strength test result, then detaching the sample piece after the test is finished, and returning to S1 to mount the axle to carry out strength test on the next axle 7 to be tested;
and after all the axles 7 to be tested are tested, if the applied force of all the axles is greater than the maximum design axle load of the front axle, the strength test is qualified, and if the applied force of the axles is less than the maximum design axle load of the front axle, the strength test is unqualified.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an automobile front axle steering test device which characterized in that:
the testing device comprises an operating mechanism (1), a force transmission device (2), an axle fixing device (3) and a hub fixing device (4), wherein the operating mechanism (1) is fixed on a bottom plate, the power output end of the operating mechanism (1) is connected with the power input end of the force transmission device (2), the power output end of the force transmission device (2) is provided with a ball pin joint (26), the power output end of the force transmission device (2) is over against a fixing support on one side of the axle fixing device (3), and the hub fixing device (4) is arranged beside the axle fixing device (3) and far away from the force transmission device (2);
the actuating mechanism (1) is provided with an actuator (11) with adjustable fixed height, and the force transmission device (2) is of a transmission structure with adjustable height.
2. The automobile front axle steering test device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the steering mechanism (1) comprises: actuator (11), thrust frame (5) and hang gallows (6), the casing afterbody of actuator (11) is fixed in on thrust frame (5), actuator (11) casing front end is fixed in hangs gallows (6) middle part, the power take off pole of actuator (11) and the power input end transmission cooperation of power transmission device (2).
3. The automobile front axle steering test device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the thrust frame (5) comprises: base (51), actuator fixed plate (52) and elevating screw (53), the front end of actuator fixed plate (52) and the casing afterbody fixed connection of actuator (11), base (51) front end is through two back sliding fit along slide rail (54) and actuator fixed plate (52) that vertical direction set up, is provided with elevating screw (53) between two slide rails (54), the top of elevating screw (53) is fixed with hand wheel (55), hand wheel (55) are through elevating screw (53) and actuator fixed plate (52) transmission cooperation, the left and right sides of actuator fixed plate (52) respectively are equipped with a fixed curb plate (56), and fixed curb plate (56) are through the fixing bolt that sets up on it and the lateral part press fit of base (51).
4. The automobile front axle steering test device according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the suspension hanger (6) comprises: door type frame (61), high adjusting screw lifting hook (62) and suspension spring (63), the crossbeam middle part of door type frame (61) is provided with screw rod fixing base (64), the outside setting of high adjusting screw lifting hook (62) is located to screw rod fixing base (64) cover, and high adjusting screw lifting hook (62) upper end is helicitic texture, and high adjusting screw lifting hook (62) upper end is connected with the top of suspension spring (63) through couple through stop nut (65) and screw rod fixing base (64) spacing cooperation, the bottom of high adjusting screw lifting hook (62), the bottom of suspension spring (63) is connected with the top of actuator (11) shell.
5. The automobile front axle steering test device according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that:
the force transfer device (2) comprises: pass power square chest (21) and slide rail base (22), slider (23) and slide rail base (22) sliding fit through the bottom pass power square chest (21), the one end of passing power square chest (21) is connected with the power take off pole of actuator (11) through universal joint (25), the other end of passing power square chest (21) is connected with the one end of dowel steel (27) through constant velocity universal joint (24), the other end of dowel steel (27) is connected with ball round pin joint (26), be provided with the slide rail with slider (23) sliding fit on slide rail base (22), the slide rail is on a parallel with the casing setting of actuator (11).
6. The automobile front axle steering test device according to claim 5, characterized in that:
the axle fixing device (3) comprises: the wheel hub fixing device comprises a pair of oppositely arranged axle fixing brackets (31), wherein one axle fixing bracket (31) is arranged on the same side of a force transmission square box (21), the outer side of the other axle fixing bracket (31) is provided with a wheel hub fixing device (4), and the top of the axle fixing bracket (31) is provided with a plurality of fixing holes (32);
the hub fixing device (4) comprises: the adjustable height vertical type hydraulic lifting device comprises a vertical seat (41) and an adjustable height fixing frame (42), wherein the vertical seat (41) comprises a bottom plate (40) and a vertical plate (43) which are vertically connected, the vertical plate (43) is arranged along the vertical direction, an included angle between a plane where the vertical plate (43) is located and a straight line where a power output rod of an actuator (11) is located is 60-90 degrees, two rows of parallel transverse long round holes (44) are formed in the bottom plate (40) and the vertical plate (43), a row of through holes (49) are formed between the two rows of transverse long round holes (44), the adjustable height fixing frame (42) comprises a vertically connected hub fixing plate (45) and a height adjusting plate (46), a hub fixing hole (48) is formed in the hub fixing plate (45), two rows of vertical long round holes (47) are formed in the height adjusting plate (46), the vertical plate (43) is connected with the height adjusting plate (46) through a bolt, and the bolt is in threaded connection with a nut after sequentially penetrating through the transverse long round holes (44) and the vertical round holes (47) .
7. The automobile front axle steering test device according to claim 6, characterized in that:
the test device is used for testing the durability and the strength of an axle (7) to be tested, the axle (7) to be tested is inversely fixed on an axle fixing support (31) through bolts, a hub on one side of the axle (7) to be tested is fixed on a hub fixing plate (45), and the end part of a steering rocker arm (71) of the hub on the other side of the axle (7) to be tested is in rotating fit with a dowel bar (27) through a ball pin joint (26).
8. A durability test method of the automobile front axle steering test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that:
the endurance test method comprises the following steps:
selecting 3-5 axles (7) to be tested to respectively perform the following tests on the automobile front axle steering test device, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
s1, mounting an axle: the method comprises the steps that an axle (7) to be tested is inversely fixed on an axle fixing device (3) through bolts, the positions of a vertical seat (41) and an adjustable height fixing frame (42) are adjusted, a hub on the corresponding side of the vertical seat is in a steering limit state, then the vertical seat (41), the hub and the adjustable height fixing frame (42) are fixed through the bolts, a ball pin joint (26) is installed on an installation hole of a steering rocker arm (71), the fixed height of a constant velocity universal joint (24) on a force transmission square box (21) is adjusted to enable a force transmission rod (27) to be maintained in a horizontal state, the fixed heights of a universal joint (25), an actuator fixing plate (52) and a height adjusting screw rod hook (62) are adjusted, the central axis of an actuator (11) and the central axis of the force transmission rod (27) are located on the same horizontal plane, and installation is completed at the moment;
s2, testing adjustment parameters: applying a dynamic load of which the maximum designed axle load of the front axle is K times at the steering joint of the front axle by controlling the actuator at the frequency of 1 Hz-5 Hz until the steering of the axle (7) to be tested fails, wherein the value range of K is 0.5-0.7, and the applied waveform of the dynamic load is a sine waveform;
the steering failure standard is that under the applied dynamic load, the deformation of the sample piece at the load peak point exceeds 10% of the set value;
s3, recording and analyzing test results: recording the times of applying the dynamic load when the sample piece fails under the load, wherein the times of applying the dynamic load are the single endurance fatigue test result, then detaching the sample piece after the test is finished, and returning to S1 to install the axle to carry out the endurance test on the next axle (7) to be tested;
and after all the axles (7) to be tested are tested, if the number of times of applying the dynamic load of all the axles is more than 20 ten thousand, the endurance test is qualified, and if the number of times of applying the dynamic load of the axles is less than 20 ten thousand, the endurance test is unqualified.
9. A method for testing the strength of an automobile front axle steering test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that:
the strength test method comprises the following steps:
selecting 3-5 axles (7) to be tested to respectively perform the following tests on the automobile front axle steering test device, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
s1, mounting an axle: installing an axle: the method comprises the steps that an axle (7) to be tested is inversely fixed on an axle fixing device (3) through bolts, the positions of a vertical seat (41) and an adjustable height fixing frame (42) are adjusted, a hub on the corresponding side of the vertical seat is in a steering limit state, then the vertical seat (41), the hub and the adjustable height fixing frame (42) are fixed through the bolts, a ball pin joint (26) is installed on an installation hole of a steering rocker arm (71), the fixed height of a constant velocity universal joint (24) on a force transmission square box (21) is adjusted to enable a force transmission rod (27) to be maintained in a horizontal state, the fixed heights of a universal joint (25), an actuator fixing plate (52) and a height adjusting screw rod hook (62) are adjusted, the central axis of an actuator (11) and the central axis of the force transmission rod (27) are located on the same horizontal plane, and installation is completed at the moment;
s2, testing adjustment parameters: applying a gradually increasing static force at the front shaft steering knuckle by controlling an actuator (11), wherein the static force increases from zero, the increasing speed is controlled at 1Kn/min until a sample piece fails, and the test is finished at the moment;
when the sample piece has obvious plastic deformation, functional failure, cracks or fracture, judging that the sample piece has failure;
s3, recording and analyzing test results: recording the magnitude of the static force applied when the sample piece fails as a single strength test result, then detaching the sample piece after the test is finished, and returning to S1 to mount the axle to carry out strength test on the next axle (7) to be tested;
and after all the axles (7) to be tested are tested, if the applied force of all the axles is greater than the maximum design axle load of the front axle, the strength test is qualified, and if the applied force of the axles is less than the maximum design axle load of the front axle, the strength test is unqualified.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210280622.9A CN114563199A (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Automobile front axle steering test device and durability and strength test method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210280622.9A CN114563199A (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Automobile front axle steering test device and durability and strength test method thereof |
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| CN105445035A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-30 | 安徽安凯福田曙光车桥有限公司 | Non-driving steering axle assembly comprehensive test bedstand |
| CN105466764A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-04-06 | 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 | Counterforce support structure |
| CN206399670U (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-08-11 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | The fixing device of wheel and the stiffness excitations equipment of steering |
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| CN112444415A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-05 | 陕西汉德车桥有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for axle steering system |
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2022
- 2022-03-21 CN CN202210280622.9A patent/CN114563199A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105445035A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-30 | 安徽安凯福田曙光车桥有限公司 | Non-driving steering axle assembly comprehensive test bedstand |
| CN105466764A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-04-06 | 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 | Counterforce support structure |
| CN206399670U (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-08-11 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | The fixing device of wheel and the stiffness excitations equipment of steering |
| CN207158677U (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-03-30 | 广汽菲亚特克莱斯勒汽车有限公司 | A kind of start cylinder head suspension bracket for structural partsof automobiles bench test |
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