CN114563155B - Open rotor pneumatic performance evaluation test device - Google Patents
Open rotor pneumatic performance evaluation test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114563155B CN114563155B CN202210245690.1A CN202210245690A CN114563155B CN 114563155 B CN114563155 B CN 114563155B CN 202210245690 A CN202210245690 A CN 202210245690A CN 114563155 B CN114563155 B CN 114563155B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/08—Aerodynamic models
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention discloses an open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device, which is characterized in that a high-power motor is used for providing power input, and a high-power transmission system is used for driving two rows of paddles of an open rotor to reversely rotate at a high speed, so that the open rotor can efficiently apply work. The device consists of a gear box, an output shaft, a rotating shaft balance, a signal transmission system and the like. The gear box is mainly used for accelerating the power system at the input end and realizing coaxial reverse high-speed rotation output, the input end of the gear box is connected with a driving motor, the output end of the gear box is provided with two coaxial reverse rotation output shafts, the tail end of each output shaft is provided with a rotary shaft balance, and two rows of paddles of the open rotor are connected with the output shafts through the rotary shaft balance; the rotary shaft balance is a six-weight balance and is used for measuring pneumatic load in the high-speed rotation process of the open rotor; the signal transmission system is mainly used for transmitting the rotating shaft balance signal to the data acquisition system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aerodynamics and energy power, in particular to an open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device which can be used for evaluating and verifying aerodynamic performance tests of an open rotor engine, a vortex-paddle engine and the like.
Background
The open rotor engine is also a propeller fan engine, and the design aims to consider the speed and the performance of the turbofan engine and the fuel economy of the turbofan engine, so that the engine is an important development direction of a propulsion system of a medium-sized conveyor in the future. The open rotor engine comprises two rows of coaxially counter-rotating blades, and the vortex wake generated by the upstream blade increases the inflow speed of the downstream blade, so that the pulling force or pushing force of the downstream blade is obviously increased. Since the swirling flow is counteracted, the open rotor will significantly improve the propulsion efficiency compared to a propeller alone. Research shows that compared with the turbofan engine with the same grade, the oil consumption or the carbon dioxide emission of the open rotor engine can be reduced by 25% -30%, which is a great temptation for civil aviation, and therefore, the open rotor engine becomes a hot spot for aviation propulsion system development in recent years.
Complicated aerodynamic interference exists in the high-speed reverse rotation process of two rows of blades of the open rotor, so that the aerodynamic and noise performance of the open rotor is influenced, and in the development process, wind tunnel test research on the aerodynamic and noise performance of the open rotor is required to be developed by a system, so that the optimal design of the wind tunnel test is supported. In order to meet the development requirement of the open rotor engine, an open rotor pneumatic performance evaluation test device needs to be specially developed, open rotor model pneumatic performance test research and optimal design verification are carried out in a wind tunnel, and technical support is provided for the development of the open rotor engine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to meet the development requirement of an open rotor engine, and provides an open rotor pneumatic performance evaluation test device which simulates the operation characteristics of the open rotor engine, can perform high-precision measurement of the pneumatic load of the open rotor, and supports the evaluation of the pneumatic performance of the open rotor engine and the verification of an optimal design test.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device comprises a casing, a driving motor, a gear box, an output shaft, a rotating shaft balance and a signal transmission system,
the casing comprises a front casing and a rear casing, the output shaft is arranged in the front casing, the driving motor and the gear box are arranged in the rear casing, the joint of the front casing and the rear casing is a transition curved surface,
the output shaft comprises an inner shaft and an outer shaft, the outer shaft and the inner shaft are hollow shafts, the inner shaft is fixedly arranged in the outer shaft through a bearing, a sleeve is arranged between the inner shaft and the outer shaft, the sleeve and the outer shaft are relatively static, a hollow interlayer is formed between the sleeve and the outer shaft, the ends of the outer shaft and the inner shaft are connected to an open rotor through a rotating shaft balance,
the power input end of the gear box is connected to the output end of the driving motor, the gear box comprises two groups of symmetrical power split transmission links, one transmission link is output to the inner shaft, the other transmission link is output to the outer shaft, the inner shaft and the outer shaft are opposite in steering,
the signal transmission system comprises a slip ring guide and an encoder, wherein the slip ring guide and the encoder are connected to the output shaft, one end of a measuring cable is connected to the rotating shaft balance, and the other end of the measuring cable is connected to the slip ring guide.
In the technical scheme, the gears in the gear box are of cylindrical gear tooth structures and comprise eight gears which are divided into two paths, wherein one path is two-stage transmission, and the other path is three-stage transmission.
In the above technical scheme, the output end of the driving motor is input to the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear sequentially output power to the inner shaft, the first gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear, the seventh gear and the eighth gear sequentially output power to the outer shaft, and the seventh gear is an idler gear.
In the technical scheme, in the gear box, a fuel injection system is arranged at the rotating parts of the gear, the bearing and the transmission shaft.
In the above technical solution, the open rotor comprises a front row of blades connected to the inner shaft by a set of rotating shaft balances and a rear row of blades connected to the outer shaft by another set of rotating shaft balances.
In the technical scheme, the measuring cable of the rotating shaft balance of the front row of blades is led out to the slip ring electric guide through the hollow part of the inner shaft, and the measuring cable of the rotating shaft balance of the rear row of blades is led out to the slip ring electric guide through the hollow interlayer.
In the above technical solution, the slip ring primer includes an inner slip ring primer connected to an end of the inner shaft, and an outer slip ring primer connected to an end of the outer shaft.
In the above technical solution, the encoder includes a stator and a rotor, and the rotor of the encoder is connected to the inner shaft by interference.
In the technical scheme, the molded line of the transition connection surface of the front case and the rear case is a pneumatic optimized hyperbola, and the rear case is cylindrical.
In the technical scheme, a plurality of support plates are sequentially arranged in the rear casing along the axial direction, and a closed cavity is formed between the support plates and the rear casing.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the gearbox, the output shaft and the casing are compact in structure, the transmission chain is simple and reliable, the transmission efficiency is high, the installation mode is simple, the shape of the casing is pneumatically optimized, the influence of the airflow field of the device on the pneumatic performance of the open rotor is avoided, the problems of test power simulation and pneumatic performance measurement of the open rotor are effectively solved, and the device can be used for the test evaluation of the pneumatic performance of an open rotor model on the ground and a wind tunnel; the adopted rotating shaft balance and signal transmission system have high precision, can be used for measuring the pneumatic noise of the open rotor with high precision, and improve the pneumatic performance test precision of the open rotor model; in summary, the open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device meets the aerodynamic performance evaluation requirement of the open rotor engine, has high measurement and control precision, can be effectively used for the aerodynamic performance evaluation of an open rotor model and the verification of an optimal design test, and supports the development of the open rotor engine.
Drawings
The invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view in the A-A direction of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a B-B view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a C-C view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a gearbox drive link and drive shaft;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the propeller shaft and front casing;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission cable routing;
wherein: 1 is an input diaphragm, 2 is a first gear, 3 is a first support plate, 4 is an inner shaft slip ring, 5 is an encoder, 6 is a rear casing, 7 is a fourth gear, 8 is a support sleeve, 9 is an eighth gear, 10 is a second support plate, 11 is an inner shaft spline housing, 12 is an outer shaft slip ring, 13 is an outer shaft slip ring sleeve, 14 is a seal cover, 15 is an outer shaft spline housing, 16 is an outer shaft, 17 is an inner shaft, 18 is a front casing, 19 is a rear row rotating shaft balance, 20 is a front row rotating shaft balance, 21 is a fifth gear, 22 is a second gear, 23 is a sixth gear, 24 is an idler gear, 25 is a third gear, 26 is an inner shaft rear bearing, 27 is an outer shaft rear bearing, 28 is an outer shaft front bearing, 29 is an inner shaft front bearing, 30 is an outer shaft sleeve, 31 is a front paddle balance measurement cable, 32 is a rear paddle balance measurement cable.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the gear box includes an input partition 1, a first gear 2, a first support plate 3, a rear casing 6, a fourth gear 7, a support sleeve 8, an eighth gear 9, a second support plate 10, an inner shaft spline housing 11, an outer shaft slip ring sleeve 13, a seal cover 14, an outer shaft spline housing 15, a front casing (18, a fifth gear 21, a second gear 22, a sixth gear 23, an idler gear 24, an eighth gear 25 and the like, the input end of the gear box is connected with a motor through a spline on the first gear 2 and is provided with power input by the motor, and the output end of the gear box is connected with an outer shaft 16 and an inner shaft 17 which rotate in opposite directions of the shaft through the outer shaft spline housing 15 and the inner shaft spline housing 11, respectively.
The transmission chain of the gear box adopts a two-way symmetrical power split transmission mode, the gear adopts a simple cylindrical gear tooth form, the first way is two-stage transmission, the second way is three-stage transmission, and the two ways are approximately symmetrically arranged left and right. The diagram of the wheel system is shown in fig. 5, the output power of the driving motor is split through the first gear 2 (Z1), and part of the output power is transmitted to the inner shaft 17 through the second gear 22 (Z2), the third gear 25 (Z3) and the fourth gear 7 (Z4) of the first path to drive the front row of blades to rotate; the other part is transmitted to the outer shaft 16 through the fifth gear 21 (Z5), the sixth gear 23 (Z6), the idler gear 24 (Z7) and the eighth gear 9 (Z8) of the second path, and the rear row blades are driven to rotate. Since the second drive chain has one more idler 24 (Z7) than the first drive chain, opposite inner and outer axle steering is achieved.
In this embodiment, the gearbox casing is divided into two sections, the transition part molded line of the front casing 18 is a pneumatic optimized hyperbola, the rear casing 6 is cylindrical, and the rear casing 6, the input baffle 1, the first support plate 3, the second support plate 10 and the support sleeve 8 together form a closed cavity, so as to provide an installation space for supporting the gear train and the outer shaft 16. The connection of the supporting plate and the supporting sleeve 8 with the casing adopts a screw fastening and supporting opening centering mode, so that good centering performance among bearing seat holes is ensured. The gear/bearing lubrication mode is lubricating oil injection lubrication, and the gear and the bearing are lubricated and cooled through oil injection during working. The lubricating oil of the gear box is provided by a lubricating system, and an oil supply interface and an oil return interface are arranged outside the casing; the lubricating oil is introduced from the outside and is respectively introduced to the lubricating points through the internal integrated casting oil way and the guide pipe, as shown in fig. 5, nozzles are arranged at the lubricating points, the lubricating oil is sprayed into the lubricating area, the oil supply pressure of the lubricating system is not less than 0.4Mpa, the oil supply temperature is 25 ℃ at normal temperature, and the required amount of the lubricating oil is not less than 11.572L/min. After that, the lubricating oil falls into the bottom of the casing by self-weight or oil throwing mode, and is pumped back to the oil tank by the oil return pump. The sealing of the gear box adopts two sealing modes of dynamic sealing and static sealing, except that the dynamic sealing is adopted between the output shaft and the casing, and other parts are sealed by adopting O-shaped rubber rings. The dynamic seal between the outer driving shaft and the casing adopts a mode of oil thrower and labyrinth seal, and the dynamic seal between the inner driving shaft and the inner hole of the outer driving shaft adopts a mode of oil thrower and oil thrower hole seal.
The output shaft of the present embodiment includes an inner shaft 17, an outer shaft 16, an inner shaft rear bearing 26, an outer shaft rear bearing 27, an outer shaft front bearing 28, an inner shaft front bearing 29, and a sleeve 30. The front end of the inner shaft 17 is provided with a front row of rotating shaft balances 20, and front row paddles of an open rotor are arranged on the front row of rotating shaft balances 20; the outer shaft 16 mounts the rear row paddles of an open rotor via a rear row rotating shaft balance 19. The inner and outer output shafts are mounted concentrically, and the outer shaft 16 is supported in the front casing 18 of the gearbox by an outer shaft rear bearing 27, an outer shaft front bearing 28. The outer shaft 16 is a hollow shaft, and the inner shaft 17 is supported inside the outer shaft through an inner shaft rear bearing 26 and an inner shaft front bearing 29, as shown in fig. 6; the inner shaft 17 is also a hollow shaft, and the balance measurement cable 31 of the front propeller is led out to the slip ring electric guide through the hollow part of the inner shaft. The sleeve 30 is arranged between the outer shaft 16 and the inner shaft 17, the sleeve 30 is relatively static to the outer shaft 16, the sleeve 30 and the outer shaft 16 form a hollow sandwich structure, and a measuring cable 32 of the rear-row rotating shaft balance 19 enters the outer shaft slip ring 12 through a threading hole and the hollow sandwich on the outer shaft 16.
In the embodiment, the rotary shaft balance is mainly used for accurately measuring the pneumatic load of front and rear rows of paddles of an open rotor, and comprises a front row of paddle rotary shaft balance 20 and a rear row of paddle rotary shaft balance 19 of the open rotor, wherein the rotary shaft balance 20 of the front row of paddles is arranged at the tail end of an inner output shaft 17 through a spline, and as shown in fig. 7, a balance power supply and signal cable 32 is led to an inner shaft slip ring 4 through a hollow part of the inner shaft 17; the rotating shaft balance 19 of the rear row of paddles is splined to the end of the outer shaft 16 through which the balance power and signal cable 31 is led to the outer shaft slip ring 12. Two rows of paddles of the open rotor are arranged on the rotating shaft balance through the paddle hub, so that the pneumatic load measurement of the open rotor is realized.
The signal transmission system in this case comprises an inner slip ring 4, an outer slip ring 12, an encoder 5, a corresponding signal transmission cable, etc. The rotor of the inner shaft slip ring 4 is fixed with the Z4 inner shaft output gear 7, and the rotating speed of the rotor is the same as that of the inner output shaft 17; the stator is fixed with the protective cover through two flat keys to prevent rotation. The outer shaft slip ring 12 is fixed on the outer shaft spline housing 15 through four screws on the rotor, and the stator end face is provided with two anti-rotation sheets which are matched with the locating pin on the casing end face to prevent the stator from rotating. Threading holes for the sliding ring leads to pass through are formed in the inner wall of each casing and each partition board, two groups of rotor leads of the outer shaft sliding ring 12 are arranged, and the rotor leads are uniformly distributed at the front section of the rotor; the stator leads are uniformly distributed at the rear end of the stator, pass through the threading holes on the casing and finally are led out from the wire outlet holes on the input baffle plate 1. The encoder 5 is used for measuring the rotation speed of an open rotor, the rotor of the encoder is connected with the fourth gear 7 through interference connection, and the stator is connected with the rear casing 6 through an anti-rotation piece to prevent rotation.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. An open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device is characterized by comprising a casing, a driving motor, a gear box, an output shaft, a rotating shaft balance and a signal transmission system,
the casing comprises a front casing and a rear casing, the output shaft is arranged in the front casing, the driving motor and the gear box are arranged in the rear casing, the joint of the front casing and the rear casing is a transition curved surface,
the output shaft comprises an inner shaft and an outer shaft, the outer shaft and the inner shaft are hollow shafts, the inner shaft is fixedly arranged in the outer shaft through a bearing, a sleeve is arranged between the inner shaft and the outer shaft, the sleeve and the outer shaft are relatively static, a hollow interlayer is formed between the sleeve and the outer shaft, the ends of the outer shaft and the inner shaft are connected to an open rotor through a rotating shaft balance,
the power input end of the gear box is connected to the output end of the driving motor, the gear box comprises two groups of symmetrical power split transmission links, one transmission link is output to the inner shaft, the other transmission link is output to the outer shaft, the inner shaft and the outer shaft are opposite in steering,
the signal transmission system comprises a slip ring guide and an encoder, wherein the slip ring guide and the encoder are connected to the output shaft, one end of a measuring cable is connected to the rotating shaft balance, and the other end of the measuring cable is connected to the slip ring guide.
2. The open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device according to claim 1, wherein gears in the gear box are of a cylindrical gear tooth structure, and the open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device comprises eight gears divided into two paths, wherein one path is of two-stage transmission, and the other path is of three-stage transmission.
3. An open rotor aerodynamic performance assessment test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the output end of the driving motor is input to the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear sequentially output power to the inner shaft, the first gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear, the seventh gear and the eighth gear sequentially output power to the outer shaft, and the seventh gear is an idler gear.
4. An open rotor aerodynamic performance assessment test device according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that in the gearbox, the rotation parts of the gear, the bearing, the drive shaft are provided with a fuel injection system.
5. An open rotor aerodynamic performance assessment test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the open rotor comprises a front row of blades connected to the inner shaft by a set of rotating shaft balances and a rear row of blades connected to the outer shaft by another set of rotating shaft balances.
6. The open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device according to claim 5, wherein the measurement cable of the rotary shaft balance of the front row of blades is led out to the slip ring guide through the hollow portion of the inner shaft, and the measurement cable of the rotary shaft balance of the rear row of blades is led out to the slip ring guide through the hollow interlayer.
7. An open rotor aerodynamic performance assessment test device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the slip ring primer comprises an inner slip ring primer connected to the inner shaft end and an outer slip ring primer connected to the outer shaft end.
8. An open rotor aerodynamic performance assessment test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the encoder comprises a stator and a rotor, the rotor of the encoder being connected to the inner shaft by interference.
9. The open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device according to claim 1, wherein the molded line of the transition connection surface of the front case and the rear case is a pneumatic optimized hyperbola, and the rear case is cylindrical.
10. The open rotor aerodynamic performance evaluation test device according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that a plurality of support plates are sequentially arranged in the rear casing along the axial direction, and a closed cavity is formed between the support plates and the rear casing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210245690.1A CN114563155B (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Open rotor pneumatic performance evaluation test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210245690.1A CN114563155B (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Open rotor pneumatic performance evaluation test device |
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| CN114563155A CN114563155A (en) | 2022-05-31 |
| CN114563155B true CN114563155B (en) | 2023-05-19 |
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| CN117073958B (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-12-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Open rotor engine rotor and stator blade high-speed wind tunnel test device |
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