CN114563141B - Active detection method for door sealing performance and leakage point position thereof - Google Patents
Active detection method for door sealing performance and leakage point position thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active detection method for sealing performance and leakage point positions of doors, which comprises the following steps: s1, setting sound pressure receivers at four corners of a protective door, and detecting a background sound pressure value of a current environment; s2, placing a pulse ultrasonic generator at one side of a protective door, sending pulse ultrasonic signals, respectively acquiring four-channel original signals by using four analog microphone linear arrays at different detection distances, extracting sound pressure characteristic values of four channels after processing, and acquiring video images and current test distances; s3, setting different leakage level thresholds; and S4, moving the detected sound pressure value along the guide line of the video image by using the array detector at the other side of the protective door, and when the detected sound pressure value exceeds a primary leakage threshold value, performing envelope cross-correlation operation on four-channel original signals based on self-adaptive filtering to obtain time delay differences of all channels, and combining the testing distance and the sound pressure amplitude ratio to calculate the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of leakage detection, in particular to an active detection method for sealing performance and leakage point positions of doors.
Background
The civil air defense engineering is a special underground building with strict protection requirements, not only meets the requirements of ordinary economic construction, urban construction and people living, but also plays an important role in guaranteeing the air defense and disaster prevention in the war, has dual functions of peacetime and war, can cause huge loss to national economy and even threaten the life safety of people if the protection and sealing work is not in place, and is very important for the tightness detection of the civil air defense engineering facilities.
At present, the defect condition of the concrete is judged by ultrasonic detection mainly according to the relative change of acoustic parameters such as the propagation speed, amplitude, main frequency and the like of ultrasonic pulse waves in the concrete. However, for detecting the tightness of the concrete protective door, attention is paid to the tightness of the door seam and the bonding position of the rubber strip, which is quite different from the traditional ultrasonic detection defect principle. In addition, the basement structure of people's air defense is airtight, and concrete guard gate facility structure is huge, and engineering quantity is huge, and quick, accurate detection and instruction leak position put forward higher requirement to ultrasonic detection technique.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an active detection method for sealing performance and leakage point positions of doors, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of doors, which comprises the following steps:
s1, setting sound pressure receivers at four corners of a protective door, detecting background sound pressure values of a current environment, and taking an average value as a reference sound pressure setting threshold value when the fluctuation of the four background sound pressure values is not more than +/-5%;
s2, placing a pulse ultrasonic generator at one side of a protective door, sending pulse ultrasonic signals at regular intervals, respectively acquiring four-channel original signals by using four analog microphone linear arrays at different detection distances, converting the four-channel original signals into voltage signals, conditioning the voltage signals, transmitting the voltage signals to a computer processing unit, extracting sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels, and simultaneously acquiring video images and current test distances by using a camera module and a ranging module;
s3, setting different leakage level thresholds based on the extracted sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels;
s4, moving the detected sound pressure value along the guide line of the video image by using the array detector at the other side of the protective door, comparing the detected sound pressure value with different leakage level thresholds, when the detected sound pressure value exceeds the first-level leakage threshold, indicating that leakage exists in the current environment, performing envelope cross-correlation operation on four-channel original signals based on self-adaptive filtering to obtain time delay differences of all channels, and combining the testing distance and the sound pressure amplitude ratio to calculate the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of:
s5, when the detected sound pressure value is smaller than or equal to the first-level leakage threshold value, the current environment leakage quantity is tiny, the array detector is moved in space until the detected sound pressure value exceeds the first-level leakage threshold value, and the step S4 is repeated;
and S6, mapping the three-dimensional space coordinates and the image coordinates, and transparently superposing points displayed by the color contour lines on the image to visualize the leakage points.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, extracting the sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels includes the steps of:
s2.1, waveform screening and smoothing filtering are carried out: the four-channel voltage signals obtained by segmented extraction are sequenced according to the amplitude values in a time domain, one piece of data with the amplitude value between 80% and 90% of the maximum value is selected, and other data points are removed;
s2.2, performing cubic spline interpolation operation on the screened data segment, and increasing data sampling points;
s2.3, counting the frequency distribution of the data, taking a peak value as a voltage characteristic value of the channel, and obtaining the sound pressure characteristic value of the channel by using a voltage-to-sound pressure conversion formula, wherein the voltage-to-sound pressure conversion formula is as follows:
in a preferred embodiment, in step S3, setting different leakage level thresholds based on the extracted sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels includes the steps of:
s3.1, averaging the sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels obtained in the step S2 to obtain an attenuation curve of the sound pressure characteristic values along with the distance;
and S3.2, making a difference value between the sound pressure characteristic value and the reference sound pressure set threshold value obtained in the step S1 under each test distance, and respectively taking 10%, 30% and 50% of the difference value between the reference sound pressure set threshold value and the reference sound pressure set threshold value as a primary leakage threshold value, a secondary leakage threshold value and a tertiary leakage threshold value, wherein the primary leakage threshold value indicates that leakage is negligible, the secondary leakage threshold value indicates that leakage is not negligible, but immediate repair is not needed, and the tertiary leakage threshold value indicates that leakage is not negligible and immediate repair is needed.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the leak includes the steps of:
s4.1, extracting effective data segments from the four-channel original signal obtained in the step S2, comparing the average difference of the amplitude values of the two segments every 100 data points, finding out one segment of data of the pulse signal, and taking 100 data points before and after the segment of data;
s4.2, extracting an envelope curve from the screened data segment, and performing cross-correlation calculation on two channel envelope curves, wherein the two channel cross-correlation calculation formula is as follows:
wherein x1 (n) and x2 (n) are signal sequences of a first channel and a second channel respectively, and tau is the number of delay points;
s4.3, inputting the two-channel envelope curves into an adaptive filter, distributing weight vectors to one channel, continuously updating weight coefficients by calculating iteration errors based on an adaptive filtering algorithm until the iteration errors are minimum, obtaining two-channel delay points through a formula in the step S4.2 at the moment, obtaining a time difference after feature conversion, and multiplying the time difference by sound velocity to obtain an arrival distance difference;
s4.4, performing feature conversion on the sound pressure feature values of the four channels to obtain an arrival distance ratio;
s4.5, taking the detection distance as a component of the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point, establishing a spherical coordinate equation set of a multi-dimensional scale by taking the center of the linear array as an origin, and solving the three-dimensional space coordinates by using a fusion algorithm.
In a preferred embodiment, step s4.4. performing feature conversion on the sound pressure feature value of the four channels to obtain the arrival distance ratio includes: and (3) firstly, using the attenuation curve in the step S3.1 to correspond the sound pressure characteristic value to a distance, and then calculating the ratio.
In a preferred embodiment, the mapping process in step S6 includes the steps of:
s6.1, dividing a video picture into 320 x 180 grids, wherein each pixel point corresponds to each three-dimensional space coordinate;
s6.2, taking the center of the video picture as an origin, moving a reference target corresponding to the center of the linear array, and establishing a mapping relation between the number of interval points and the test distance;
and S6.3, converting the three-dimensional space coordinates calculated in the step S4.5 into pixel coordinate points according to the mapping relation of the test distances, and superposing and displaying the pixel coordinate points on a screen.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of: when it is detected that there is a leak in the space, but not in the display range of the video picture, step S4 is performed again by moving to the left or right until the positioning point appears on the screen.
In a preferred embodiment, the sampling frequency of the four analog microphones is 100kHz, the sound pressure receiver comprises a power module and a wireless transmission module, the sound pressure receiver is adsorbed on the protective door through a magnet, and the wireless transmission module is used for transmitting the collected background sound pressure value of the environment to the computer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes the initiative emission type pulse ultrasonic signals, and utilizes four analog microphone linear arrays to collect four-channel original signals, and stable sound pressure characteristic values are extracted through waveform screening, smooth filtering and interpolation operation optimization algorithms; calculating the time delay difference of each channel through signal envelope cross correlation; and the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage position are calculated through data fusion iteration, so that the positioning accuracy and stability are improved.
2. According to the invention, the leakage position is visualized by using the mapping process of the three-dimensional space coordinates and the pixel coordinates, and the situation of a plurality of leakage points can be detected by moving the linear array for positioning, so that the detection efficiency is greatly improved.
3. The invention sets different leakage level thresholds based on the extracted sound pressure characteristic values of four channels, and can automatically set and judge the leakage level thresholds according to the current detection environment so as to adapt to test scenes under different environmental noise.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a data fusion algorithm in a positioning algorithm according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the interface visualization positioning results of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Embodiments of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door in the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, setting sound pressure receivers at four corners of a protective door, detecting background sound pressure values of a current environment, and taking an average value as a reference sound pressure setting threshold value when the fluctuation of the four background sound pressure values is not more than +/-5%.
S2, placing a pulse ultrasonic generator on one side of a protective door, sending pulse ultrasonic signals at regular intervals, respectively acquiring four-channel original signals by using four analog microphone linear arrays at different detection distances, converting the four-channel original signals into voltage signals, conditioning the voltage signals, transmitting the voltage signals to a computer processing unit, extracting sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels, and simultaneously acquiring video images and current test distances by using a camera module and a ranging module.
Specifically, the method for extracting the sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels comprises the following steps:
s2.1, waveform screening: the four-channel voltage signals obtained by segmented extraction are sequenced according to the amplitude values in a time domain, one piece of data with the amplitude value between 80% and 90% of the maximum value is selected, and other data points are removed;
step S2.2, balanced filtering: performing cubic spline interpolation operation on the screened data segment, and increasing data sampling points;
s2.3, counting the frequency distribution of the data, taking a peak value as a voltage characteristic value of the channel, and obtaining the sound pressure characteristic value of the channel by using a voltage-to-sound pressure conversion formula, wherein the voltage-to-sound pressure conversion formula is as follows:
and S3, setting different leakage level thresholds based on the extracted sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels.
Specifically, setting different leakage level thresholds based on the extracted sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels includes the following steps:
s3.1, averaging the sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels obtained in the step S2 to obtain an attenuation curve of the sound pressure characteristic values along with the distance;
and S3.2, making a difference value between the sound pressure characteristic value and the reference sound pressure set threshold value obtained in the step S1 under each test distance, and respectively taking 10%, 30% and 50% of the difference value between the reference sound pressure set threshold value and the reference sound pressure set threshold value as a primary leakage threshold value, a secondary leakage threshold value and a tertiary leakage threshold value, wherein the primary leakage threshold value indicates that leakage is negligible, the secondary leakage threshold value indicates that leakage is not negligible, but immediate repair is not needed, and the tertiary leakage threshold value indicates that leakage is not negligible and immediate repair is needed.
S4, moving the detected sound pressure value along the guide line of the video image by using the array detector at the other side of the protective door, comparing the detected sound pressure value with different leakage level thresholds, when the detected sound pressure value exceeds the first-level leakage threshold, indicating that leakage exists in the current environment, performing envelope cross-correlation operation on four-channel original signals based on self-adaptive filtering to obtain time delay differences of all channels, and combining the testing distance and the sound pressure amplitude ratio to calculate the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point.
Specifically, the calculation of the three-dimensional coordinates of the leakage point includes the following steps:
s4.1, extracting effective data segments from the four-channel original signal obtained in the step S2, comparing the average difference of the amplitude values of the two segments every 100 data points, finding out one segment of data of the pulse signal, and taking 100 data points before and after the segment of data;
s4.2, extracting an envelope curve from the screened data segment, and performing cross-correlation calculation on two channel envelope curves, wherein the two channel cross-correlation calculation formula is as follows:
wherein x1 (n) and x2 (n) are signal sequences of a first channel and a second channel respectively, and tau is the number of delay points;
s4.3, inputting the envelope curves of the two channels into an adaptive filter, distributing weight vectors to one of the channels, and continuously updating the weight coefficients by calculating iteration errors based on an adaptive filtering algorithm until the iteration errors are minimum, wherein the correlation of the two channels is maximum.
At this time, the number of the two-channel time delay points is obtained through the formula in the step S4.2, the arrival time difference is obtained after feature conversion, and the arrival distance difference is obtained by multiplying the sound velocity;
s4.4, performing feature conversion on the sound pressure feature values of the four channels to obtain an arrival distance ratio;
s4.5, taking the detection distance as a component of the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point, establishing a spherical coordinate equation set of a multi-dimensional scale by taking the center of the linear array as an origin, and solving the three-dimensional space coordinates by using a fusion algorithm.
Further, step s4.4. Performing feature conversion on the sound pressure feature value of the four channels to obtain an arrival distance ratio includes: and (3) firstly, using the attenuation curve in the step S3.1 to correspond the sound pressure characteristic value to a distance, and then calculating the ratio.
And S5, when the measured sound pressure value is smaller than or equal to the first-level leakage threshold value, the current environment leakage quantity is tiny, the array detector is moved in space, and the step S4 is repeated until the measured sound pressure value exceeds the first-level leakage threshold value.
And S6, mapping the three-dimensional space coordinates and the image coordinates, and transparently superposing points displayed by the color contour lines on the image to visualize the leakage points.
Specifically, the mapping process in step S6 includes the steps of:
s6.1, dividing a video picture into 320 x 180 grids, wherein each pixel point corresponds to each three-dimensional space coordinate;
s6.2, taking the center of the video picture as an origin, moving a reference target corresponding to the center of the linear array, and establishing a mapping relation between the number of interval points and the test distance;
and S6.3, converting the three-dimensional space coordinates calculated in the step S4.5 into pixel coordinate points according to the mapping relation of the test distances, and superposing and displaying the pixel coordinate points on a screen.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: when it is detected that there is a leak in the space, but not in the display range of the video picture, step S4 is performed again by moving to the left or right until the positioning point appears on the screen.
Further, the sampling frequency of the four analog microphones is 100kHz, the sound pressure receiver comprises a power module and a wireless transmission module, the sound pressure receiver is adsorbed on the protective door through a magnet, and the wireless transmission module is used for transmitting the collected background sound pressure value of the environment to the computer.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention further provides an active detection system for sealing performance and leakage point positions of doors, including: a linear array 301 of four analog microphones (detection frequency from audible sound to 80 kHz), a pulsed ultrasonic generator 302 with adjustable frequency and amplitude, a sound pressure receiver 303, an array detector 304, a computer 305, a signal conditioning circuit board, a camera module, and a ranging module.
The sound pressure receiver 303 is disposed at four corners of the protection door 300 to detect a background sound pressure value of the current environment, and when the four background sound pressure values fluctuate by not more than ±5%, an average value is taken as a reference sound pressure setting threshold value. The sampling frequency of the four analog microphone linear arrays 301 is 100kHz, the sound pressure receiver 303 comprises a power module and a wireless transmission module, the sound pressure receiver 303 is adsorbed on the protective door 300 through a magnet, and the wireless transmission module is utilized to transmit the collected background sound pressure value of the environment to the computer 305. The pulse ultrasonic generator 302 is placed at one side of the protective door, sends pulse ultrasonic signals at regular intervals, respectively collects four-channel original signals by using the four analog microphone linear arrays 301 under different detection distances, converts the four-channel original signals into voltage signals, and transmits the voltage signals to the computer 305 processing unit after signal conditioning to extract sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels, and simultaneously collects video images and current test distances by using the camera module and the ranging module.
Further, the other side of the protection door 300 uses the array detector 304 to move along the guiding line of the video image to detect the sound pressure value, compares the detected sound pressure value with different set leakage level thresholds (respectively taking 10%, 30% and 50% of the sum of the reference sound pressure set thresholds as the primary leakage threshold, the secondary leakage threshold and the tertiary leakage threshold), when the detected sound pressure value exceeds the primary leakage threshold, it indicates that leakage exists in the current environment, performs the envelope cross-correlation operation based on the adaptive filtering on the four-channel original signal to obtain the time delay difference of each channel, and combines the test distance and the sound pressure amplitude ratio to calculate the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point. And then mapping the three-dimensional space coordinates and the image coordinates, transparently superposing the points displayed by the color contour lines on the image, and visualizing the leakage points, thereby visualizing the positioning result on a human-computer interface of a computer, as shown in fig. 3.
Example 3:
an embodiment of the active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door of the present invention is described in detail below.
S1, adsorbing a sound pressure receiver at four angles of a protective door by using a magnet, detecting background sound pressure values of the current environment, transmitting the background sound pressure values to a computer by using a wireless communication technology, wherein the four sound pressure values are 29.2dB, 29dB, 28.8dB and 29dB respectively, the fluctuation is not more than +/-5%, and taking the average value 29dB as a reference sound pressure setting threshold value.
And S2, placing a pulse ultrasonic generator, setting the frequency to be 40kHz, setting the amplitude to be 5V, sending pulse ultrasonic signals every 1S, respectively acquiring sound signals by using a linear array formed by four analog microphones at the distance of 100mm-3m, converting the sound signals into voltage signals, wherein the sampling frequency is 100kHz, transmitting the signals to a computer after conditioning the signals, extracting sound pressure characteristic values of four channels, and simultaneously acquiring video images and the current test distance by using a camera module and a distance measuring module.
Further, the sound pressure value extraction in the step S2 is implemented by the following steps:
step S2.1, waveform screening and smoothing filtering are carried out: the four-channel voltage signals obtained by segmented extraction are sequenced according to the amplitude values in a time domain, one section of data with the amplitude value of 80% -90% of the maximum value is selected, other data points are removed, and 100 data points are reserved in each channel of data;
s2.2, performing cubic spline interpolation operation on the screened data segment, and increasing data sampling points;
step S2.3, counting the frequency distribution of data, taking a peak value as a voltage characteristic value of the channel, and obtaining a sound pressure characteristic value of the channel by using the following conversion formula:
step S3, setting different leakage level thresholds by taking a detection distance of 100mm as an example.
Further, the step S3 of setting the leakage level threshold is implemented by the following steps:
step S3.1, averaging the sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels obtained in the step S2.3 to obtain an attenuation curve of the sound pressure characteristic values along with the distance, wherein the sound pressure characteristic average value is 55.6dB when the detection distance is 100 mm;
and step S3.2, under the condition of a detection distance of 100mm, making a difference value between the sound pressure characteristic value and the reference value obtained in the step S1 to obtain 26.6dB, and respectively taking 10%, 30% and 50% of the difference value as a primary leakage threshold value, a secondary leakage threshold value and a tertiary leakage threshold value, namely, three grades of leakage threshold values are 31.66dB, 36.98dB and 42.3dB respectively, wherein the three grades respectively represent that the leakage is negligible, the leakage is not negligible (without immediate repair) and the leakage is not negligible (without immediate repair).
And S4, placing a pulse ultrasonic generator at one side of the protective door, setting the frequency to be 40kHz, setting the amplitude to be 5V, sending pulse ultrasonic signals every 1S, detecting the other side of the protective door by using an array detector, detecting the detection distance to be 100mm, detecting the detected sound pressure value to be 34.7dB, exceeding a first-level leakage threshold value to indicate that leakage exists in the current environment, detecting the current environment along the guide line of the video image, performing envelope cross-correlation operation based on the self-adaptive filtering on the four-channel original signal obtained in the step S2 to obtain the time delay difference of each channel, and combining the detection distance and the sound pressure amplitude ratio to fuse and calculate the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point.
Further, the calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the leakage point in the step S4 is implemented by the following steps:
s4.1, extracting effective data segments from the four-channel original signal obtained in the step S2, comparing the average difference of the amplitude values of the two segments every 100 data points, finding out one segment of data of the pulse signal, and taking 100 data points before and after the segment of data, wherein the total number of the data points is 300;
step S4.2, extracting envelope curves from the screened data segments, and performing cross-correlation calculation on two channel envelope curves, wherein the cross-correlation calculation of two channels is as follows, taking a channel I and a channel II as an example:
wherein x is 1 (n)、x 2 (n) is the signal sequence of channel one and channel two, respectively, τ is the delay point number;
calculated τ 12 ＝12；
Step S4.3, inputting the envelope curves of the two channels of signals into an adaptive filter, distributing weight vectors to one channel, continuously updating weight coefficients by calculating iteration errors until the iteration errors are minimum, and at the moment, the correlation between the two channels is maximum, wherein the formula based on the adaptive filtering algorithm is as follows:
y 1 (n)＝w T (n)x 1 (n)
e(n)＝x 2 (n)-y 1 (n)
wherein w (n) represents the weight coefficient, e (n) represents each iteration error, y 1 (n) is a sequence of channels multiplied by a weight coefficient.
At this time, the two-channel delay point tau is obtained by the formula in the step S4.2 12 =6, the time difference Δt can be obtained after feature conversion 12 =60 μs, and multiplying by the sound velocity 343m/s gives the arrival distance difference Δd 12 =20.58 mm, and so on, Δd 13 ＝24.35mm，Δd 14 ＝13.67mm；
Step S4.4, performing feature conversion on the sound pressure characteristic values obtained by the four channels to obtain an arrival distance ratio, namely, firstly, using the attenuation curve of the step S3.1 to correspond the sound pressure characteristic values to a distance, and then performing ratio calculation to calculate k 12 ＝1.18、k 13 ＝1.23、k 14 ＝1.07；
And S4.5, taking the detection distance as a component of the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point, establishing a spherical coordinate equation set of a multi-dimensional scale by taking the center of the linear array as an origin, and solving the positioning coordinates (11.3 mm,9.78mm and 102.05 mm) by using a fusion algorithm.
And S6, mapping the positioning coordinates and the image coordinates obtained by the calculation in the step four, and transparently superposing points displayed by the color contour lines on the image to visualize the leakage points.
Further, the mapping process in the step S6 is implemented by the following steps:
step S6.1, dividing a video picture into 320 x 180 grids, wherein each pixel point corresponds to each space coordinate;
step S6.2, taking the center of a video picture as an origin, moving a reference target corresponding to the center of the linear array, and establishing a mapping relation between the number of interval points and the distance, wherein when the detection distance is 100mm, the mapping relation between the number of interval points and the distance is N= 2*d;
and S6.3, converting the three-dimensional space coordinates calculated in the step S4.5 into pixel coordinate points (23, 20) according to the mapping relation of the distances, and superposing and displaying the pixel coordinate points on a screen.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. An active detection method for the sealing performance of doors and the positions of leakage points of the doors is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting sound pressure receivers at four corners of a protective door, detecting background sound pressure values of a current environment, and taking an average value as a reference sound pressure setting threshold value when the fluctuation of the four background sound pressure values is not more than +/-5%;
s2, placing a pulse ultrasonic generator at one side of a protective door, sending pulse ultrasonic signals at regular intervals, respectively acquiring four-channel original signals by using four analog microphone linear arrays at different detection distances, converting the four-channel original signals into voltage signals, conditioning the voltage signals, transmitting the voltage signals to a computer processing unit, extracting sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels, and simultaneously acquiring video images and current test distances by using a camera module and a ranging module;
s3, setting different leakage level thresholds based on the extracted sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels;
s4, moving the detected sound pressure value along the guide line of the video image by using the array detector at the other side of the protective door, comparing the detected sound pressure value with different leakage level thresholds, when the detected sound pressure value exceeds the first-level leakage threshold, indicating that leakage exists in the current environment, performing envelope cross-correlation operation on four-channel original signals based on self-adaptive filtering to obtain time delay differences of all channels, and combining the testing distance and the sound pressure amplitude ratio to calculate the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point.
2. The active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method also comprises the following steps:
s5, when the detected sound pressure value is smaller than or equal to the first-level leakage threshold value, the current environment leakage quantity is tiny, the array detector is moved in space until the detected sound pressure value exceeds the first-level leakage threshold value, and the step S4 is repeated;
and S6, mapping the three-dimensional space coordinates and the image coordinates, and transparently superposing points displayed by color contour lines on the image to visualize the leakage points.
3. The active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door according to claim 2, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step S2, extracting the sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels includes the following steps:
s2.1, segmenting and extracting four-channel voltage signals, sorting the four-channel voltage signals in a time domain according to the amplitude, selecting a piece of data with the amplitude of 80% -90% of the maximum value, and removing other data points;
s2.2, performing cubic spline interpolation operation on the screened data segment, and increasing data sampling points;
s2.3, counting the frequency distribution of the data, taking a peak value as a voltage characteristic value of the channel, and obtaining the sound pressure characteristic value of the channel by using a voltage-to-sound pressure conversion formula, wherein the voltage-to-sound pressure conversion formula is as follows:
4. the active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S3, setting different leakage level thresholds based on the extracted sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels includes the steps of:
s3.1, averaging the sound pressure characteristic values of the four channels obtained in the step S2 to obtain an attenuation curve of the sound pressure characteristic values along with the distance;
and S3.2, making a difference value between the sound pressure characteristic value and the reference sound pressure set threshold value obtained in the step S1 under each test distance, and respectively taking 10%, 30% and 50% of the difference value between the reference sound pressure set threshold value and the reference sound pressure set threshold value as a primary leakage threshold value, a secondary leakage threshold value and a tertiary leakage threshold value, wherein the primary leakage threshold value indicates that leakage is negligible, the secondary leakage threshold value indicates that leakage is not negligible, but immediate repair is not needed, and the tertiary leakage threshold value indicates that leakage is not negligible and immediate repair is needed.
5. The active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S4, calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the leak includes the steps of:
s4.1, extracting effective data segments from the four-channel original signal obtained in the step S2, comparing the average difference of the amplitude values of the two segments every 100 data points, finding out one segment of data of the pulse signal, and taking 100 data points before and after the segment of data;
s4.2, extracting an envelope curve from the screened data segment, and performing cross-correlation calculation on two channel envelope curves, wherein the two channel cross-correlation calculation formula is as follows:
wherein x is 1 (n)、x 2 (n) is the signal sequence of channel one and channel two, respectively, τ is the delay point number;
s4.3, inputting the two-channel envelope curves into an adaptive filter, distributing weight vectors to one channel, continuously updating weight coefficients by calculating iteration errors based on an adaptive filtering algorithm until the iteration errors are minimum, obtaining two-channel delay points through a formula in the step S4.2 at the moment, obtaining a time difference after feature conversion, and multiplying the time difference by sound velocity to obtain an arrival distance difference;
s4.4, performing feature conversion on the sound pressure feature values of the four channels to obtain an arrival distance ratio;
s4.5, taking the detection distance as a component of the three-dimensional space coordinates of the leakage point, establishing a spherical coordinate equation set of a multi-dimensional scale by taking the center of the linear array as an origin, and solving the three-dimensional space coordinates by using a fusion algorithm.
6. The active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s4.4, performing feature conversion on the sound pressure feature values of the four channels to obtain an arrival distance ratio, wherein the arrival distance ratio comprises the following steps: and (3) firstly, using the attenuation curve in the step S3.1 to correspond the sound pressure characteristic value to a distance, and then calculating the ratio.
7. The active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mapping process in step S6 includes the steps of:
s6.1, dividing a video picture into 320 x 180 grids, wherein each pixel point corresponds to each three-dimensional space coordinate;
s6.2, taking the center of the video picture as an origin, moving a reference target corresponding to the center of the linear array, and establishing a mapping relation between the number of interval points and the test distance;
and S6.3, converting the three-dimensional space coordinates calculated in the step S4.5 into pixel coordinate points according to the mapping relation of the test distances, and superposing and displaying the pixel coordinate points on a screen.
8. The active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method also comprises the following steps: when it is detected that there is a leak in the space, but not in the display range of the video picture, step S4 is performed again by moving to the left or right until the positioning point appears on the screen.
9. The active detection method for the sealing performance and the leakage point position of the door according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the sampling frequency of the four analog microphone linear arrays is 100kHz, the sound pressure receiver comprises a power module and a wireless transmission module, the sound pressure receiver is adsorbed on the protective door through a magnet, and the wireless transmission module is utilized to transmit the collected background sound pressure value of the environment to a computer.
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| JP2023542921A JP2024511690A (en) | 2022-02-25 | 2022-11-01 | Active detection method and system for sealing of doors and leakage point location |
| AU2022430004A AU2022430004B2 (en) | 2022-02-25 | 2022-11-01 | Method and System for Active Detection of Door Sealing Performance and Leakage Point Location |
| PCT/CN2022/128874 WO2023159997A1 (en) | 2022-02-25 | 2022-11-01 | Active detection method and system for sealing performance of door and leakage point position thereof |
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| CN114964650B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-18 | 杭州兆华电子股份有限公司 | Gas leakage alarm method and device based on acoustic imaging |
| CN115685072B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-07-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for positioning unstable acoustic emission source in sealed cavity based on multi-classification model |
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