CN114563082B - Programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system and detection method - Google Patents
Programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/44—Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
- G01J3/4412—Scattering spectrometry
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J2001/4266—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors for measuring solar light
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Abstract
The invention provides a programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system and a detection method, wherein the forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system is arranged on a two-dimensional tracking turntable, and the forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system and the two-dimensional tracking turntable are connected with a computer through a power supply and a data line; the computer calculates the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the sun according to the site position and time, and transmits the azimuth angle and elevation angle to the two-dimensional tracking turntable, so that the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system is aligned with the sun, the forward extinction spectrum data of the sun are collected, the small angle scattering spectrum data are collected, and the collected data, time and gesture information are stored in the computer. The invention can realize the detection technology of solar forward extinction and high-resolution small-angle scattering spectrum at the same time, and the spectrum range and the resolution can realize program control and adjustment through programming. By utilizing the design, the spectrum detection of forward extinction and small-angle scattering can be realized at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system and a detection method, and belongs to the technical field of atmospheric detection.
Background
The aerosol is a particulate matter suspended in the atmosphere, is a main pollution component of urban environment in China, and is an important factor affecting climate change mode simulation. Measurement of aerosol optical and physical parameters (e.g. optical thickness, particle distribution) is also the main study of the atmospheric detection study.
The direct solar light reaching the ground is radiation attenuated by atmospheric absorption and scattering (i.e. forward extinction), and the spectral information carries the information of the total content of the atmospheric components. Thus, information extraction of the entire layer of atmospheric parameters can be achieved by forward extinction measurement of the sun. Radiation measurements of different wavelengths may be selected to invert, for example, vapor, aerosol optical thickness, depending on the different atmospheric composition. The atmospheric scattering spectrum carries aerosol micro-physical parameter information, inversion of micro-physical parameters such as aerosol particle spectrum and the like can be realized through scattering spectrum measurement and algorithm design, and particularly, the scattering spectrum with smaller included angle with the direction of solar rays (namely, small-angle scattering around the sun) has great advantages in aerosol particle spectrum remote sensing. These parameters are important parameters for detecting the important particulate matter pollution indexes such as PM2.5 and PM10, and are also important input quantities for remote sensing of other atmospheric components.
At present, the optical parameter measurement modes of the sun include POM and CIMEL solar photometers, and the solar photometer of the type can measure direct extinction of the sun and can also realize scattering measurement of other angles through a motion scanning mechanism. The solar photometer realizes scattered radiation observation through the motion scanning of a weft ring such as the sun or a solar meridian plane, the observation instantaneous field angle FOV is about 1.3 degrees, the FOV is larger, and only 5-7 limited observation points are arranged within 0-10 degrees, which is equivalent to highly smoothing forward scattering, high-angle resolution measurement can not be realized, the sensitivity of the forward scattering detector to aerosol and cloud micro physical parameters is reduced, and the advantage of forward scattering detection is not fully exerted.
In addition, the existing photometer is used for multi-band narrow-band measurement in spectrum, the multi-band measurement function is realized by rotating the optical filter, the band is limited, and the measurement of a limited number of bands can be generally realized, and the band width is a few nanometers or even tens of nanometers. And the multiband measurement is obtained in a time-sharing way, the band conversion is carried out by mechanical rotation, the conversion rate is low, and the quasi-synchronous measurement cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects that the existing solar photometer has limited number of observation wave bands, larger field angle FOV and cannot realize high-resolution small-angle scattering, the invention provides a programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system and a programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection method. The design of the invention can simultaneously realize forward extinction and spectrum detection of small-angle scattering, and can realize simultaneous detection of scattering spectrums with angles as high as tens of degrees between about 0.5 degrees and 10 degrees of the sun disc.
The programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system comprises a forward extinction-small-angle scattering spectrometer system;
the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system is arranged on the two-dimensional tracking turntable, and the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system and the two-dimensional tracking turntable are connected with the computer through a power supply and a data line;
the computer calculates the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the sun according to the site position and time, and transmits the azimuth angle and elevation angle to the two-dimensional tracking turntable, so that the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system is aligned to the sun, the forward extinction spectrum data and the small angle scattering spectrum data of the sun are collected, and the collected data, time and gesture information are stored in the computer.
The forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system comprises an optical telescope tube, wherein the optical telescope tube sequentially comprises a window sheet, an acousto-optic tunable filter, a cemented lens, a hollow reflecting mirror, an imaging detector A and an imaging detector B; the acousto-optic tunable filter is used for rapidly converting wavelength, and the cementing lens introduces light with a certain field of view into the imaging detector A and the imaging detector B; the imaging detector A is used for imaging the solar optical disk and simultaneously giving consideration to the gesture control function of the two-dimensional tracking turntable; the imaging detector B is used for imaging the surrounding area of the ring sun, and the high-resolution small-angle scattering measurement function is realized through data analysis.
The working method and the steps of the programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system are as follows:
s1, setting a required observed wave band, a wavelength sequence and a spectrum resolution according to the requirements of an observation task, optionally adjusting a spectrum interval and the number of measurable spectrums, and inputting the spectrum interval and the number of measurable spectrums into a computer through programming;
s2, calibrating the time of a computer, inputting the geographical position of a site in computer control software, and calculating the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the sun by the computer according to the time and the input longitude and latitude;
s3, sending an instruction to the acousto-optic tunable filter through a computer to enable solar radiation with a certain wavelength in a visible light wave band range to penetrate, and imaging a solar optical disc through an imaging detector A;
s4, calculating and analyzing the image of the solar disk of the imaging detector A, and if the image of the solar disk is circular and the central position of the image of the solar disk is the same as the designated position of the system, indicating that the two-dimensional tracking turntable accurately points to the sun; otherwise, according to the analysis result, sending an instruction to the two-dimensional tracking turntable to adjust the azimuth angle and the elevation angle until the sun is accurately pointed;
s5, the computer sends instructions to the acousto-optic tunable filter to enable the acousto-optic tunable filter to adjust the wavelength, and then data of the imaging detector A and the imaging detector B are respectively collected and stored in the computer;
s6, repeating the step S5 according to the S1 wavelength observation task program until the acquisition of the imaging detection data of all the required wavelengths is completed;
s7, the imaging detector A is solar extinction data, and the solar extinction data are converted into direct solar spectrum data through a radiation correction coefficient measured in advance;
s8, the imaging detector B obtains image data of pixels around the ring sun, the image data are converted into spectrums of different scattering angles around the ring sun through calculation and analysis according to pixel positions, the average of any pixels is obtained according to the requirement and the pixel size, and therefore annular circular spots with different angular resolutions are obtained, the included angle of each ring is identical to the sun ray, and therefore small-angle scattered light with different angles and the same wavelength as the acousto-optic tunable filter is obtained.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
unlike available solar photometer with mechanical rotation scanning to realize forward extinction and scattered light measurement, the system has no need of mechanical rotation and can realize the measurement of forward extinction and scattered light.
The hollow reflecting mirror, the imaging detector and the acousto-optic tuning filter are compact in combination design, small and exquisite, light in weight and portable in solar and atmospheric spectrum measuring system. Can be conveniently used for field and navigation observation.
According to the invention, by replacing the acousto-optic tunable filter, spectrum measurement in different spectrum ranges can be realized.
The forward extinction and small-angle scattering synchronous measurement technology provided by the invention can provide mutual constraint conditions for atmospheric parameters such as aerosol parameter inversion, so that the accuracy of atmospheric parameter inversion is improved.
The small angle scattering imaging design provided by the invention can realize small angle scattering spectrums with different angle resolutions through image data post-processing. Thereby improving the effective utilization rate of the data.
The programmable wavelength adjustment design provided by the invention can be used for arbitrarily adjusting the number of the needed wave bands and the atmospheric radiation spectrum measurement of the resolution ratio according to the needs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the forward extinction-low angle scattering spectrometer system of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an embodiment of a solar disk imaging;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the light scattering spectra at different scattering angles around the periphery of the ring sun according to the embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a usage state of the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The specific technical scheme of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a spectrum detection system which takes the sun as a light source and can realize simultaneous forward extinction and small-angle scattering of the sun, as shown in figure 1, the spectrum detection system for forward extinction and small-angle scattering of the sun comprises a forward extinction-small-angle scattering spectrometer system 1;
the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system 1 is arranged on a two-dimensional tracking turntable 2, and the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system 1 and the two-dimensional tracking turntable 2 are connected with a computer 3 through a power supply and a data line.
The computer 3 calculates the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the sun according to the site position and time, and transmits the azimuth angle and elevation angle to the two-dimensional tracking turntable 2, so that the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system 1 aims at the sun, the forward extinction spectrum data and the small angle scattering spectrum data of the sun are collected, and the collected data, time data and gesture data are stored in the computer 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system 1 comprises an optical telescope tube 8, wherein the optical telescope tube 8 sequentially comprises a window sheet 4, an acousto-optic tunable filter 5, a cemented lens 6, a hollow reflecting mirror 7, an imaging detector A9 and an imaging detector B10. In the invention, the imaging detector can be a CCD or CMOS imaging detector, and the imaging detector A9 and the imaging detector B10 can be 1024 x 1024 or 2048 x 2048 pixels. The window sheet 4 is used for packaging the optical telescope tube 8, and is favorable for maintenance. The acousto-optic tunable filter 5 is used for rapidly converting wavelength, and the cementing lens 6 introduces light of a certain field of view into the imaging detector A9 and the imaging detector B10. The imaging detector A9 is used for imaging the solar optical disk and simultaneously has the gesture control function of the two-dimensional tracking turntable 2. The imaging detector B10 is used for imaging the peripheral range of the ring sun, and realizes a high-resolution small-angle scattering measurement function through data analysis.
As shown in fig. 5, the programmable solar forward extinction and small angle scattering spectrum detection system is placed on a horizontal platform, its initial installation position and orientation are adjusted, and the computer time and observation frequency (e.g. observed once every 3 minutes) are calibrated. According to the longitude, latitude and time of the position of the instrument, the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the sun are calculated, the computer 3 sends instructions to enable the two-dimensional turntable 2 to move so that the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system 1 points to the sun position (the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the sun), after the position is reached, the imaging detector A9 images the solar disk, calculation and analysis are carried out on the image of the solar disk, and if the image of the solar disk is circular and the central position of the image of the solar disk is the same as the designated position of the system, the two-dimensional turntable is indicated to precisely point to the sun. Otherwise, according to the analysis result, sending an instruction to the two-dimensional tracking turntable 2 to adjust the azimuth angle and the elevation angle until the sun is accurately pointed. The computer 3 sends instructions to the acousto-optic tunable filter 5 successively to adjust the wavelength, so as to realize the measurement of the scattering spectrum of the sun and the surrounding atmosphere. The forward solar extinction is collected by an imaging detector A9, the surrounding atmosphere scattering spectrum of the ring sun is collected by an imaging detector B10, and the data are stored in the computer 3. After data acquisition, the solar light is converted into a solar forward extinction spectrum and solar small angle scattering spectrums with different scattering angles through data analysis software. The data can be combined with meteorological observation, and micro-physical parameters such as aerosol optical thickness optical parameters, aerosol particle spectrum distribution and the like are realized through atmospheric inversion software.
Specifically, the working method and the steps of the programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system are as follows:
s1, setting the wave band, wavelength sequence and spectrum resolution to be observed according to the requirements of the observation task, optionally adjusting the spectrum interval and the number of measurable spectrums, and inputting the spectrum interval and the number of measurable spectrums into a computer through programming.
S2, calibrating the time of the computer 3 (automatic calibration can be realized through networking), inputting the geographical position (longitude and latitude) of the station in computer control software, and calculating the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the sun by the computer 3 according to the time and the input longitude and latitude.
S3, sending a command to the acousto-optic tunable filter 5 through the computer 3, transmitting solar radiation with a certain wavelength (such as 400nm but not limited to the wavelength) in the visible light band range, and imaging the solar optical disc through the imaging detector A9, as shown in FIG. 3.
S4, calculating and analyzing the image of the solar disk of the imaging detector A9, and if the image of the solar disk is circular and the central position of the image of the solar disk is the same as the designated position of the system, indicating that the two-dimensional tracking turntable 2 points to the sun accurately. Otherwise, according to the analysis result, sending an instruction to the two-dimensional tracking turntable 2 to adjust the azimuth angle and the elevation angle until the sun is accurately pointed.
S5, the computer 3 sends instructions to the acousto-optic tunable filter 5 to enable the acousto-optic tunable filter to be adjusted to be of the wavelength 1, and then data of the imaging detector A9 and the imaging detector B10 are respectively collected and stored in the computer 3.
S6, according to the S1 wavelength observation task program, the step S5 can be repeated until the imaging detection data acquisition of all the required wavelengths is completed.
S7, the imaging detector A9 is solar extinction data, and the solar extinction data are converted into direct solar spectrum data through the radiation correction coefficient measured in advance.
S8, the imaging detector B10 obtains image data of pixels around the ring sun, and converts the image data into small-angle scattering spectrums with different scattering angles around the ring sun through calculation and analysis according to pixel positions, as shown in FIG. 4, the average of any number of pixels can be obtained according to the needs and the pixel size, so that annular circular spots with different angular resolutions are obtained, the included angle between each ring and the sun ray is the same, and the small-angle scattering lights with different angles and the same wavelength as the acousto-optic tunable filter are obtained.
Claims (2)
1. The programmable solar forward extinction and small-angle scattering spectrum detection system is characterized by comprising a forward extinction-small-angle scattering spectrometer system;
the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system is arranged on the two-dimensional tracking turntable, and the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system and the two-dimensional tracking turntable are connected with the computer through a power supply and a data line;
the computer calculates the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the sun according to the site position and time, and transmits the azimuth angle and elevation angle to the two-dimensional tracking turntable, so that the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system is aligned with the sun, the forward extinction spectrum data and the small angle scattering spectrum data of the sun are collected, and the collected data, time and gesture information are stored in the computer;
the forward extinction-small angle scattering spectrometer system comprises an optical telescope tube, wherein the optical telescope tube sequentially comprises a window sheet, an acousto-optic tunable filter, a cemented lens, a hollow reflecting mirror, an imaging detector A and an imaging detector B; the acousto-optic tunable filter is used for rapidly converting wavelength, and the cementing lens introduces light with a certain field of view into the imaging detector A and the imaging detector B; the imaging detector A is used for imaging the solar optical disk and simultaneously giving consideration to the gesture control function of the two-dimensional tracking turntable; the imaging detector B is used for imaging the surrounding area of the ring sun, and the high-resolution small-angle scattering measurement function is realized through data analysis.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, setting a required observed wave band, a wavelength sequence and a spectrum resolution according to the requirements of an observation task, optionally adjusting a spectrum interval and the number of measurable spectrums, and inputting the spectrum interval and the number of measurable spectrums into a computer through programming;
s2, calibrating the time of a computer, inputting the geographical position of a site in computer control software, and calculating the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the sun by the computer according to the time and the input longitude and latitude;
s3, sending an instruction to the acousto-optic tunable filter through a computer to enable solar radiation with a certain wavelength in a visible light wave band range to penetrate, and imaging a solar optical disc through an imaging detector A;
s4, calculating and analyzing the image of the solar disk of the imaging detector A, and if the image of the solar disk is circular and the central position of the image of the solar disk is the same as the designated position of the system, indicating that the two-dimensional tracking turntable accurately points to the sun; otherwise, according to the analysis result, sending an instruction to the two-dimensional tracking turntable to adjust the azimuth angle and the elevation angle until the sun is accurately pointed;
s5, the computer sends instructions to the acousto-optic tunable filter to enable the acousto-optic tunable filter to adjust the wavelength, and then data of the imaging detector A and the imaging detector B are respectively collected and stored in the computer;
s6, repeating the step S5 according to the S1 wavelength observation task program until the acquisition of the imaging detection data of all the required wavelengths is completed;
s7, the imaging detector A is solar extinction data, and the solar extinction data are converted into direct solar spectrum data through a radiation correction coefficient measured in advance;
s8, the imaging detector B obtains image data of pixels around the ring sun, the image data are converted into spectrums of different scattering angles around the ring sun through calculation and analysis according to pixel positions, average of any number of pixels is obtained according to the requirement and pixel size, and therefore annular circular spots with different angular resolutions are obtained, the included angle of each ring is identical to the sun ray, and therefore small-angle scattered light with different angles and the same wavelength as the acousto-optic tunable filter is obtained.
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| JPH09105852A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1997-04-22 | Kankyocho Chokan | Sun tracking device |
| CN107830928A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of heliograph for cirrus optical characteristic measurement |
| RU2692822C1 (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2019-06-28 | Михаил Карпович Шайков | Method of determining meteorological range of visibility |
| CN111913191A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-11-10 | 西安理工大学 | Rotating Raman light splitting system and light splitting method for atmospheric aerosol detection |
| CN113196039A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-07-30 | 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 | Sample optical detection device, sample detection method and sample analyzer |
| CN113340851A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-03 | 中国海洋大学 | Water body forward small-angle three-dimensional volume scattering function measuring system |
-
2022
- 2022-03-31 CN CN202210342208.6A patent/CN114563082B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09105852A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1997-04-22 | Kankyocho Chokan | Sun tracking device |
| CN107830928A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of heliograph for cirrus optical characteristic measurement |
| RU2692822C1 (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2019-06-28 | Михаил Карпович Шайков | Method of determining meteorological range of visibility |
| CN113196039A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-07-30 | 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 | Sample optical detection device, sample detection method and sample analyzer |
| CN111913191A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-11-10 | 西安理工大学 | Rotating Raman light splitting system and light splitting method for atmospheric aerosol detection |
| CN113340851A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-03 | 中国海洋大学 | Water body forward small-angle three-dimensional volume scattering function measuring system |
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