CN114562956B - Method for measuring form and size of air layer between paper diaper and baby body surface - Google Patents
Method for measuring form and size of air layer between paper diaper and baby body surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN114562956B CN114562956B CN202210163606.1A CN202210163606A CN114562956B CN 114562956 B CN114562956 B CN 114562956B CN 202210163606 A CN202210163606 A CN 202210163606A CN 114562956 B CN114562956 B CN 114562956B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/496—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers in the form of pants or briefs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring the form and the size of an air layer between a paper diaper and the body surface of an infant, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing a buttock model of the infant; acquiring the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model and the inner surface morphology of a diaper sample worn on the infant buttock model by adopting a handheld three-dimensional scanner; fitting and aligning the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model with the inner surface morphology of the diaper sample to obtain the air layer thickness between the diaper and the buttock model waist and abdomen surface; coating the inner surface of the paper diaper sample; putting the paper diaper sample after being covered on the infant buttock model, and obtaining a crotch air layer model by using a silica gel filling molding method; and scanning, image processing and analyzing the crotch air layer model to obtain the form parameters of the crotch air layer between the diaper and the body surface of the infant. The invention can accurately obtain the shape and the size of the air layer under the waist and abdomen parts and crotch parts of the paper diaper.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of clothing heat and humidity comfort research, in particular to a method for measuring the form and the size of an air layer between a paper diaper and the body surface of an infant.
Background
The research shows that when the human body wears the garment, the morphological characteristics such as thickness, volume, contact area and the like of the air layer under the garment exist between the surface of the human body and the inner surface of the garment, and the morphological characteristics such as the heat transfer quantity of the garment, the temperature of the garment surface, the heat and moisture resistance of the garment and the subjective heat and moisture feeling of the human body have a dense and inseparable relationship, so that the morphological and the size of the air layer under the garment can influence the heat and moisture comfort of the garment, and the difference of the heat and moisture comfort of the human body is caused in different ranges. The paper diaper is used as a special garment to be worn by a baby after birth, the shape and the size of an air layer formed between the inner surface of the paper diaper and the body surface of the baby can also influence the heat and humidity comfort of the paper diaper to a certain extent, and the advantages and disadvantages of the heat and humidity comfort of the paper diaper are directly related to the skin health of the baby. Therefore, quantitative characterization of the air layer between the diaper and the body surface of the infant is a necessary means for exploring the heat and humidity transfer mechanism of the diaper, and how to measure the form and size of the air layer is a problem to be solved.
However, the three-dimensional scanning and image processing techniques currently used to measure the air layer under clothing are not suitable for special clothing such as paper diapers. This is because the premise of applying the technique is to neglect the thickness of the garment itself, and to analyze the difference between the garment outer surface morphology obtained by scanning and the human body surface morphology, and the obtained result is approximately the size of the air layer under the garment. However, in the case of paper diapers, the paper diapers are composed of a plurality of layers of non-woven fabrics and super absorbent resins SAP, and the materials are thick and uneven in thickness, so that the existing air layer measuring method cannot be adopted. In addition, the size and the shape of the air layer are measured or predicted by a learner by adopting a laser ranging technology and a finite element modeling method, but the defects of limited measurement range, single characterization index and only ideal prediction result exist. Therefore, in order to quantitatively explore the heat and humidity transfer mechanism of the baby diaper, a new method is needed to accurately measure the form and the size of an air layer between the inner surface of the diaper and the surface of the baby.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for measuring the form and the size of an air layer between a paper diaper and a baby body surface, which can accurately obtain the form and the size of the air layer under the waist and abdomen parts and the crotch part of the paper diaper and provides a necessary means for quantitatively researching the heat and humidity transfer rule of the paper diaper.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method for measuring the form and the size of the air layer between the paper diaper and the body surface of the infant comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing an infant buttock model, wherein the infant buttock model is made of transparent materials, a protective film is coated on the outer surface of the infant buttock model, a horizontal waistline mark line is arranged at a position, close to the upper edge, of the infant buttock model, and a horizontal thigh circumference mark line is arranged at a position, close to the thighs;
(2) Acquiring the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model and the inner surface morphology of a diaper sample worn on the infant buttock model by adopting a handheld three-dimensional scanner;
(3) Fitting and aligning the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model with the inner surface morphology of the diaper sample to obtain the air layer thickness between the diaper and the buttock model waist and abdomen surface;
(4) Coating the inner surface of the paper diaper sample;
(5) Putting the paper diaper sample after being covered on the infant buttock model, and obtaining a crotch air layer model by using a silica gel filling molding method;
(6) And scanning, image processing and analyzing the crotch air layer model to obtain the form parameters of the crotch air layer between the diaper and the body surface of the infant.
And (3) one side of the protective film in the step (1) is black, and the other side of the protective film is white, wherein the white side is attached to the outer surface of the infant buttock model.
The waistline marking line in the step (1) is 20-30mm away from the upper edge of the infant buttock model, and the thigh circumference marking line is 100-120mm away from the lower edge of the infant buttock model.
The step (2) specifically comprises the following substeps:
(21) Scanning the inside of the infant buttock model to the outside by adopting the handheld three-dimensional scanner to obtain the external surface form of the infant buttock model;
(22) Removing the protective film coated on the outer surface of the infant buttock model, putting the paper diaper sample on the infant buttock model, and enabling the waistline upper edge of the paper diaper sample to be aligned with the waistline marking line;
(23) And scanning the inside of the infant buttock model to the outside by adopting the handheld three-dimensional scanner, and obtaining the inner surface morphology of the paper diaper sample.
The step (3) specifically comprises the following substeps:
(31) Respectively denoising, repairing and hole repairing the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model and the inner surface morphology of the paper diaper sample;
(32) Respectively cutting the images on the outer surface form of the infant buttock model and the inner surface form of the paper diaper sample along the waistline mark line and the thigh circumference mark line, and fitting and aligning the two cut images;
(33) And deriving the deviation values of the two images by using a 3D comparison function, and obtaining the thickness of the air layer between the paper diaper sample and the waist and abdomen surface of the buttock model.
The step (4) specifically comprises the following substeps:
(41) Adopting a paper diaper plane unfolding device to flatten the paper diaper sample so that the inner surface of the paper diaper sample faces upwards;
(42) And coating solid glue on the inner surface of the paper diaper sample, paving a PVDC preservative film on the inner surface of the paper diaper sample, and pressing the PVDC preservative film on the inner surface of the paper diaper sample in a hot pressing mode.
The paper diaper plane unfolding device comprises a flat plate and four fixing clamps, wherein the four fixing clamps are used for fixing the paper diaper sample with the flat plate, so that the paper diaper sample is flatly paved on the flat plate.
The step (5) specifically comprises the following substeps:
(51) Putting the paper diaper sample after the film coating on the infant buttock model, enabling the waistline upper edge of the paper diaper sample to be aligned with the waistline marking line, and arranging the crotch space of the paper diaper sample, so that the outer surface of the crotch of the paper diaper sample is free of wrinkles, and gaps are not formed between the crotch edge of the paper diaper sample and the infant buttock model;
(52) Inserting a funnel between the paper diaper sample and the rear waist of the infant buttock model, filling liquid silica gel from the funnel, and stopping filling when the horizontal plane of the liquid silica gel is flush with the thigh circumference mark line;
(53) Pulling the front waist and the rear waist of the paper diaper sample by using cross stitching lines, and keeping the upper waistline edge of the paper diaper sample always flush with the waistline marking line;
(54) Waiting for the liquid silica gel to be solidified and molded;
(55) Taking off the paper diaper sample from the infant buttock model, taking out the solidified liquid silica gel, and trimming the superfluous silica gel generated by filling to obtain the crotch air layer model.
Advantageous effects
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: according to the method, the buttock model of the infant is constructed, the thickness of the air layer between the diaper and the waist and abdomen surface of the buttock model is obtained through a handheld scanning method and an image processing technology, and then the crotch air layer model is obtained through a film coating method and a silica gel filling forming method, so that a series of form data of the crotch air layer are obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a handheld scanning method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a diaper coating method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a silica gel filling molding method in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a method for measuring the form and the size of an air layer between a paper diaper and the body surface of an infant, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the following steps: manufacturing an infant buttock model, wherein the infant buttock model is made of transparent materials, a protective film is coated on the outer surface of the infant buttock model, a horizontal waistline mark line is arranged at a position, close to the upper edge, of the infant buttock model, and a horizontal thigh circumference mark line is arranged at a position, close to the thighs; acquiring the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model and the inner surface morphology of a diaper sample worn on the infant buttock model by adopting a handheld three-dimensional scanner; fitting and aligning the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model with the inner surface morphology of the diaper sample to obtain the air layer thickness between the diaper and the buttock model waist and abdomen surface; coating the inner surface of the paper diaper sample; putting the paper diaper sample after being covered on the infant buttock model, and obtaining a crotch air layer model by using a silica gel filling molding method; and scanning, image processing and analyzing the crotch air layer model to obtain the form parameters of the crotch air layer between the diaper and the body surface of the infant.
In the embodiment, the thickness of an air layer between the inner surface of a paper diaper sample and the waist and abdomen surface of a baby buttock model is obtained by using a handheld scanning method and a geomic image processing technology; and (5) obtaining an air layer form between the inner surface of the paper diaper sample and the crotch surface of the infant buttock model by using a paper diaper film coating method and a silica gel filling molding method. The invention will be further described by taking an L-shaped waist-mounted diaper as an example.
And step 1, manufacturing an infant buttock model. As shown in fig. 2, the infant buttock model includes a body 1, a waistline marking line 3, a stainless steel protective film 4 and a thigh circumference marking line 5, which is convenient for wearing a diaper sample. The prototype of the infant buttock model was a standard infant dummy (74 cm in length, 9.1kg in weight, simulating a 9 month old infant). The body 1 is made of photosensitive resin and is transparent and hollow, so that laser can penetrate through the infant buttock model when scanning the inner surface shape of the paper diaper sample; the stainless steel protective film 4 is fully coated on the outer surface of the body 1, one surface is black outwards, the other surface is white inwards, and the thickness is 0.05mm, so that the outer surface shape of the infant buttock model can be scanned; the waistline marking line 3 is horizontal and is 25mm away from the upper edge of the buttock model so as to unify the wearing positions of all paper diaper samples; the thigh circumference mark line 5 is horizontal and is 110mm away from the lower edge of the buttock model, so that all paper diaper samples are ensured to stop silica gel filling on the same plane.
And 2, scanning the shape of the outer surface of the body 1. Scanning the body 1 from the inside to the outside by adopting a handheld three-dimensional scanner 2, and obtaining the shape of the outer surface of the body 1 in the maximum range;
and 3, scanning the inner surface morphology of the paper diaper sample. The stainless steel protective film 4 coated on the outer surface of the body 1 is removed, and the diaper sample is worn on the body 1, so that the upper edge of the waist of the sample is aligned with the waistline marking line 3. The hand-held three-dimensional scanner 2 is adopted to scan from the inside to the outside of the body 1, and the inner surface morphology of the diaper sample is obtained by scanning in the maximum range.
And 4, optimizing the scanned file. The Geomagic image processing software is adopted to respectively perform operations such as denoising, repairing, hole filling and the like on the two obtained surface forms so as to optimize the image;
and 5, aligning the scanned file. Respectively cutting the images of the waistline marking line 3 and the thigh circumference marking line 5 on two surface forms, and carrying out best fitting alignment on the two cut images;
and 6, exporting a result. And deriving the deviation value of the two images by using a 3D comparison function to obtain the thickness of the air layer between the diaper sample and the waist and abdomen surface of the buttock model.
And 7, flattening the paper diaper sample. Taking off the paper diaper sample from the body 1, and adopting a paper diaper plane unfolding device to flatten the paper diaper sample so that the inner surface of the paper diaper sample faces upwards; the plane unfolding device of the diaper is shown in fig. 3, and comprises four large-size long tail clamps 6, a long wood plate 7 and a size of 600 (length) ×200 (width) ×15 (thickness) mm. The large-size binder 6 is used to fix the sample and the board 7.
And 8, hot pressing and laminating. And (3) coating solid glue on the inner surface of the paper diaper sample, paving a PVDC preservative film 8 on the inner surface of the paper diaper sample, and performing hot pressing film coating by using a cold-hot seamless hot press 9, wherein the hot die temperature is set to 120 ℃, and the hot pressing time is set to 60s.
And 9, wearing a paper diaper sample. The paper diaper sample after being coated is worn on the body 1, the waistline upper edge of the paper diaper sample is aligned with the waistline marking line 3 when the paper diaper sample is worn, and the crotch space of the paper diaper is arranged, so that the outer surface of the paper diaper sample is free of wrinkles. And (3) lightly pulling out the redundant PVDC preservative film 8 to ensure that no gap exists between the edge of the crotch part of the paper diaper and the buttock model.
Step 10, filling liquid silica gel material, as shown in fig. 4. The funnel 10 was inserted between the diaper sample and the rear waist of the buttocks model, and the liquid silicone gel 11 was filled from the funnel 10, and the filling was terminated when the level of the filled liquid silicone gel was level with the thigh circumference mark line 5.
And step 11, fixing the model. The front waist and the rear waist of the paper diaper sample are pulled by the cross stitching 12, so that the upper waist edge of the paper diaper sample is kept flush with the waistline marking line 3 all the time, and the paper diaper sample is prevented from falling down after the silica gel is filled.
And 12, molding silica gel. And (5) curing and forming the filled liquid silica gel after waiting 24 hours.
And 13, taking the mould and performing post-treatment. Carefully taking off the diaper sample from the infant buttock model, taking out the cured silica gel model, trimming the superfluous silica gel generated by filling, and finally attaching a sample name label to obtain the crotch air layer model. And the preservative film 8 is removed from the inner surface of the paper diaper sample, the integrity of the paper diaper sample is ensured, and other experimental tests are not affected.
Step 14, morphological scanning and image processing. The obtained crotch air layer model is scanned, image processed and analyzed, and a series of morphological parameters such as air layer volume, area and arc length can be obtained.
The embodiment is also suitable for obtaining the air layer form and the size between the M-XL-size baby diaper and the body surface of the baby, can be carried out at normal temperature, and the silica gel used in the silica gel filling molding method is food-grade silica gel, is safe and environment-friendly, has fixed air layer form after molding, and can be repeatedly scanned and measured.
It is easy to find that the invention constructs a baby buttock model, obtains the thickness of the air layer between the paper diaper and the buttock model waist and abdomen surface through a handheld scanning method and an image processing technology, and obtains the crotch air layer model through a film coating method and a silica gel filling forming method, thereby obtaining a series of form data of the crotch air layer.
Claims (8)
1. The method for measuring the shape and the size of the air layer between the paper diaper and the body surface of the infant is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing an infant buttock model, wherein the infant buttock model is made of transparent materials, a protective film is coated on the outer surface of the infant buttock model, a horizontal waistline mark line is arranged at a position, close to the upper edge, of the infant buttock model, and a horizontal thigh circumference mark line is arranged at a position, close to the thighs;
(2) Acquiring the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model and the inner surface morphology of a diaper sample worn on the infant buttock model by adopting a handheld three-dimensional scanner;
(3) Fitting and aligning the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model with the inner surface morphology of the diaper sample to obtain the air layer thickness between the diaper and the buttock model waist and abdomen surface;
(4) Coating the inner surface of the paper diaper sample;
(5) Putting the paper diaper sample after being covered on the infant buttock model, and obtaining a crotch air layer model by using a silica gel filling molding method;
(6) And scanning, image processing and analyzing the crotch air layer model to obtain the form parameters of the crotch air layer between the diaper and the body surface of the infant.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein one surface of the protective film in the step (1) is black and the other surface is white, and wherein the white surface is attached to the outer surface of the infant buttock model.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the waistline mark line in the step (1) is 20-30mm from the upper edge of the infant buttock model, and the thigh circumference mark line is 100-120mm from the lower edge of the infant buttock model.
4. The method for measuring the air layer form and size between the diaper and the body surface of the infant according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) specifically comprises the following substeps:
(21) Scanning the inside of the infant buttock model to the outside by adopting the handheld three-dimensional scanner to obtain the external surface form of the infant buttock model;
(22) Removing the protective film coated on the outer surface of the infant buttock model, putting the paper diaper sample on the infant buttock model, and enabling the waistline upper edge of the paper diaper sample to be aligned with the waistline marking line;
(23) And scanning the inside of the infant buttock model to the outside by adopting the handheld three-dimensional scanner, and obtaining the inner surface morphology of the paper diaper sample.
5. The method for measuring the air layer form and size between the diaper and the body surface of the infant according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) specifically comprises the following substeps:
(31) Respectively denoising, repairing and hole repairing the outer surface morphology of the infant buttock model and the inner surface morphology of the paper diaper sample;
(32) Respectively cutting the images on the outer surface form of the infant buttock model and the inner surface form of the paper diaper sample along the waistline mark line and the thigh circumference mark line, and fitting and aligning the two cut images;
(33) And deriving the deviation values of the two images by using a 3D comparison function, and obtaining the thickness of the air layer between the paper diaper sample and the waist and abdomen surface of the buttock model.
6. The method for measuring the air layer form and size between the diaper and the body surface of the infant according to claim 1, wherein the step (4) specifically comprises the following substeps:
(41) Adopting a paper diaper plane unfolding device to flatten the paper diaper sample so that the inner surface of the paper diaper sample faces upwards;
(42) And coating solid glue on the inner surface of the paper diaper sample, paving a PVDC preservative film on the inner surface of the paper diaper sample, and pressing the PVDC preservative film on the inner surface of the paper diaper sample in a hot pressing mode.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the diaper flat spreading device comprises a flat plate and four fixing clips, and the four fixing clips are used for fixing the diaper sample with the flat plate, so that the diaper sample is flatly spread on the flat plate.
8. The method for measuring the air layer form and size between the diaper and the body surface of the infant according to claim 1, wherein the step (5) specifically comprises the following substeps:
(51) Putting the paper diaper sample after the film coating on the infant buttock model, enabling the waistline upper edge of the paper diaper sample to be aligned with the waistline marking line, and arranging the crotch space of the paper diaper sample, so that the outer surface of the crotch of the paper diaper sample is free of wrinkles, and gaps are not formed between the crotch edge of the paper diaper sample and the infant buttock model;
(52) Inserting a funnel between the paper diaper sample and the rear waist of the infant buttock model, filling liquid silica gel from the funnel, and stopping filling when the horizontal plane of the liquid silica gel is flush with the thigh circumference mark line;
(53) Pulling the front waist and the rear waist of the paper diaper sample by using cross stitching lines, and keeping the upper waistline edge of the paper diaper sample always flush with the waistline marking line;
(54) Waiting for the liquid silica gel to be solidified and molded;
(55) Taking off the paper diaper sample from the infant buttock model, taking out the solidified liquid silica gel, and trimming the superfluous silica gel generated by filling to obtain the crotch air layer model.
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