CN114562215A

CN114562215A - Drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation

Info

Publication number: CN114562215A
Application number: CN202210221360.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐朝前; 张安祥; 桂将委; 王恒勋; 褚娟
Original assignee: Chizhou Planning Survey And Design Institute Co ltd
Current assignee: Chizhou Planning Survey And Design Institute Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-07
Filing date: 2022-03-07
Publication date: 2022-05-31

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation, which belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering investigation equipment, it includes the supporting seat and sets up respectively in two vertical boards of supporting seat both sides, install motor one on the supporting seat, motor one's output shaft coaxial coupling has the drill bit, the equal fixedly connected with connecting rod in supporting seat both sides, the one end fixedly connected with slider of keeping away from the supporting seat on every connecting rod, the slider is along vertical slidable mounting in vertical inboard, still including setting up in the base of vertical board below, fixedly connected with backup pad one and backup pad two on the base, two vertical boards are located between backup pad one and the backup pad two, the rotation hole has all been seted up to the lateral wall of backup pad one and backup pad two relative inboards, equal fixedly connected with pivot on the lateral wall in the two vertical board relative outsides, two pivot one-to-one rotations are installed in two rotation holes, be provided with in the backup pad two and be used for driving pivot pivoted drive arrangement. This application has the inclination's of the operating personnel adjustment drill bit of being convenient for effect.

Description

Drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering investigation equipment, in particular to a drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation.

Background

Geotechnical engineering is a new technical system established in civil engineering practice in the 60 s of the 20 th century in European and American countries, and is used for researching, analyzing and judging a building site by using various testing means and methods, researching and constructing geological conditions of various engineering buildings and researching and constructing influences on natural geological environment; when the foundation, the foundation and the upper structure work together, the measures of ensuring the strength and the stability of the foundation and preventing the foundation from having unallowable deformation are researched, and engineering addresses and geotechnical engineering data required by foundation design and construction and foundation reinforcement are provided when necessary.

Chinese utility model patent document with publication number CN213269790U in the correlation technique discloses a portable engineering geology reconnaissance rig, including the supporting seat, install the motor on the supporting seat, the output shaft coaxial coupling of motor has the drill bit, and the drill bit runs through the supporting seat setting, and the equal fixedly connected with connecting rod in both sides of supporting seat, the equal fixedly connected with slider of one end that the supporting seat was kept away from to every connecting rod, and the both sides of supporting seat are provided with vertical board, and vertical slidable mounting is followed to the slider in vertical inboard.

In the above-mentioned equipment, because the drill bit can only slide along the vertical direction, when the above-mentioned equipment level is placed on the ground, it is inconvenient for the operating personnel to adjust the inclination angle of the drill bit to carry out the drilling operation of different angles.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to facilitate the inclination of operating personnel adjustment drill bit, this application provides a drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation.

The application provides a drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation adopts following technical scheme:

a drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation comprises a supporting seat and two vertical plates respectively arranged at two sides of the supporting seat, a first motor is arranged on the supporting seat, an output shaft of the first motor is coaxially connected with a drill bit, connecting rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the supporting seat, a sliding block is fixedly connected to one end of each connecting rod far away from the supporting seat, the slide block is vertically and slidably arranged in the vertical plate, and also comprises a base arranged below the vertical plate, the base is fixedly connected with a first support plate and a second support plate, the two vertical plates are positioned between the first support plate and the second support plate, the side wall of the inner side of the first supporting plate and the side wall of the inner side of the second supporting plate are both provided with rotating holes, the side wall of the outer side of the vertical plate opposite to the first supporting plate and the side wall of the outer side of the vertical plate opposite to the second supporting plate are both fixedly connected with rotating shafts, the rotating shafts are in one-to-one correspondence to rotate and are arranged in the two rotating holes, and a driving device used for driving the rotating shafts to rotate is arranged in the second supporting plate.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, when operating personnel need carry out the probing operation of different angles through this equipment, rotate through drive arrangement drive pivot for the pivot drives vertical board and drilling rod and rotates, thereby can adjust drilling rod inclination, so that operating personnel carries out the probing operation of different angles through this equipment.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the driving device comprises a second motor, the second motor is installed in the second supporting plate, and an output shaft of the second motor is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft.

Through the technical scheme, when an operator needs to carry out the drilling operation at different angles, the output shaft of the second motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the second starting motor, so that the rotating shaft drives the vertical plate and the drill rod to rotate, the inclination angle of the drill rod can be adjusted, and the drilling operation at different angles can be conveniently carried out.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the ratchet wheel is coaxially connected to a rotating shaft in the first supporting plate in a rotating mode, a first cavity is formed in the first supporting plate, a pawl is installed in the first cavity and meshed with the ratchet wheel, a first baffle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first cavity, a first spring is installed between the first baffle and the pawl, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the pawl, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the first baffle.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, after operating personnel accomplished drill bit inclination adjustment through rotating the pivot, because pawl meshing and ratchet, the ratchet receives the hindrance effect of pawl, has reduced the possibility that pivot antiport leads to drill bit inclination to change to this equipment drilling operation in-process stability has been promoted.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the driving shaft is rotatably installed in the first cavity, the driving shaft is coaxially connected to the pawl, and one end, far away from the pawl, of the driving shaft extends out of the first support plate.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, after operating personnel accomplished the drilling operation and taken out the drill bit, through rotating the drive shaft, the drive shaft drives the pawl and breaks away from the ratchet to relieve the pawl and to the fixed of ratchet, the drill bit receives the action of gravity to drive pivot antiport this moment, and the drill bit resumes vertical state.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: a fixed plate is coaxially connected on a rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged in the first supporting plate, a fixed groove is arranged on the circumferential surface of the fixed plate, a cavity II is formed in the supporting plate I, a fixing pin is vertically and slidably mounted in the cavity II, one end of the fixing pin can be inserted into the fixing groove, the inner wall of the cavity II is provided with a reset groove, a second baffle is arranged in the reset groove in a sliding manner, the second baffle is fixedly connected with the fixed pin, a second spring is arranged between the second baffle and the inner wall of the reset groove, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the second baffle plate, the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the reset groove, an unlocking groove is formed in the side wall of the first supporting plate and communicated with the second cavity, an unlocking rod is slidably mounted in the unlocking groove, one end of the unlocking rod is fixedly connected to the fixed pin, and the other end of the unlocking rod extends out of the unlocking groove.

Through the technical scheme, when the drill bit is in a non-working state, the fixing pin is inserted into the fixing groove of the fixing plate, the fixing plate is blocked by the fixing pin, the possibility of the change of the inclination angle of the drill rod is reduced, and therefore the stability of the drill bit is improved; and when operating personnel need adjust the inclination of drill bit, earlier downwards tractive unblock pole, unblock pole drive the fixed pin and move down for the fixed pin breaks away from in the fixed slot, in order to remove the fixed of fixed pin to the fixed plate, then the starter motor two, can adjust the inclination of drill bit this moment.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the limiting groove is formed in the fixing pin, the driving pin is installed in the second cavity, a sliding hole is formed in the side wall of one end, close to the fixing pin, of the driving pin, a limiting pin is installed in the sliding hole in a sliding mode, the limiting pin can be inserted into the limiting groove, and a driving mechanism used for driving the limiting pin to be automatically inserted into the limiting groove is arranged in the sliding hole.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, when operating personnel tractive unblock pole downwards, actuating mechanism drive spacer pin is pegged graft in the spacing inslot, and the fixed pin has reduced the fixed pin possibility of rebound under the spring action of spring two owing to receive the barrier effect of spacer pin to reduce the wearing and tearing between fixed pin and the fixed plate, in order to prolong the life of fixed pin and fixed pin.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the driving mechanism comprises a third spring, one end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding hole, the other end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the limiting pin, one end, close to the fixed pin, of the limiting pin is provided with a first driving inclined plane, one end, close to the limiting pin, of the fixed pin is provided with a second driving inclined plane, and the first driving inclined plane and the second driving inclined plane are matched with each other.

Through the technical scheme, in the downward moving process of the fixing pin, after the first driving inclined plane is contacted with the second driving inclined plane, the limiting pin slides along the sliding hole and enables the third spring to be in a compressed state under the thrust action of the first driving inclined plane, and when the limiting pin is just opposite to the limiting groove, the limiting pin slides along the sliding hole and is inserted in the limiting groove under the elastic action of the third spring, so that the fixing of the limiting pin on the fixing pin is completed.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the driving pin is slidably mounted in the second cavity, a rack is fixedly connected to the driving pin, a first gear and a second gear are rotatably mounted in the second cavity, the first gear is coaxially connected to the driving shaft, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, and the second gear is meshed with the rack.

Through the technical scheme, after an operator finishes drilling operation and takes out the drill bit, the ratchet wheel is released from being fixed by the pawl by rotating the driving shaft; on the other hand, the first driving gear rotates, the second driving gear drives the rack to move, the rack drives the driving pin to move, after the third spring recovers to be original, the third spring drives the limiting pin to be separated from the limiting groove, fixing of the limiting pin to the fixing pin is removed, then the fixing pin moves upwards under the elastic action of the second spring and abuts against the fixing plate, when the fixing pin is opposite to the fixing groove, the fixing pin continues to move upwards and is inserted into the fixing groove under the elastic action of the second spring, and fixing of the fixing pin to the fixing plate is completed.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the lateral wall of base has been seted up logical groove, it runs through the base setting to lead to the groove, lead to the below that the groove extends to the drill bit.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, operating personnel can pass logical groove with the drill bit, carries out the probing operation to the ground of base plate below.

To sum up, the application comprises the following beneficial technical effects:

1. when an operator needs to perform drilling operation at different angles, the output shaft of the electrolysis I drives the rotating shaft to rotate by starting the motor II, so that the rotating shaft drives the vertical plate and the drill rod to rotate, and the inclination angle of the drill rod can be adjusted to facilitate the drilling operation at different angles;

2. after the drill bit inclination angle is adjusted by rotating the rotating shaft, the possibility of reverse rotation of the rotating shaft is reduced due to the fact that the ratchet wheel is blocked by the pawl due to the fact that the pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel, and therefore the possibility of change of the drill bit inclination angle is reduced;

3. after an operator finishes drilling operation and takes out the drill bit, the ratchet wheel is not only released from being fixed by the pawl, but also the fixing pin is released from being fixed by the limiting pin by rotating the driving shaft, and the operation steps of the equipment are simplified.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structural view of an embodiment of the present application, mainly illustrating the configuration of a vertical plate, a base, and a reinforcing rib.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the direction a-a in fig. 1, and mainly illustrates the configurations of the second support plate and the second motor.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 1, illustrating primarily the configuration of the first cavity, the ratchet, the pawl and the drive shaft.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C in FIG. 1, with the cross-sectional depths of FIGS. 4 and 3 differing, primarily illustrating the configuration of the cavity two, tumbler pin, retainer pin and driver pin.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a supporting seat; 11. a connecting rod; 111. a slider; 2. a vertical plate; 21. a rotating shaft; 3. a first motor; 31. a drill bit; 4. a base; 41. a second support plate; 411. rotating the hole; 412. a drive device; 4121. a second motor; 42. a through groove; 43. reinforcing ribs; 5. a first support plate; 51. a ratchet wheel; 52. a first cavity; 521. a pawl; 522. a second baffle plate; 523. a first spring; 524. a drive shaft; 53. a fixing plate; 531. fixing grooves; 54. a second cavity; 541. a reset groove; 542. a first gear; 543. a second gear; 55. unlocking the groove; 551. an unlocking lever; 6. a fixing pin; 61. a first baffle plate; 611. a second spring; 62. a limiting groove; 63. a second driving inclined plane; 7. a drive pin; 71. a slide hole; 72. a spacing pin; 721. driving the first inclined plane; 73. a drive mechanism; 731. a third spring; 74. a rack; 8. hand wheel.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.

The embodiment of the application discloses a drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation. Referring to fig. 1, the drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation comprises a base 4, wherein the base 4 is in a cuboid shape and is horizontally arranged, a first support plate 5 and a second support plate 41 which are vertically arranged are fixedly connected to the base 4, reinforcing ribs 43 are arranged between the first support plate 5 and the base 4, and the reinforcing ribs 43 are also arranged between the second support plate 41 and the base 4. Rotation hole 411 has all been seted up to the relative inboard lateral wall of backup pad 5 and backup pad two 41, two axis collineations of rotation hole 411, all rotate in every rotation hole 411 and install a pivot 21, equal vertical board 2 of fixedly connected with on every pivot 21, all there is slider 111 along vertical slidable mounting in every vertical board 2, equal fixedly connected with connecting rod 11 on every slider 111, the axis collineation of two connecting rods 11, be provided with supporting seat 1 between two connecting rods 11, the fixed connection of the both sides one-to-one of supporting seat 1 is in two connecting rods 11, motor one 3 is installed to the top surface of supporting seat 1, the output shaft of motor one 3 sets up down, the output shaft coaxial coupling of motor one 3 has drill bit 31, drill bit 31 runs through supporting seat 1 and sets up.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a driving device 412 for driving the rotating shaft 21 to rotate is arranged in the second support plate 41, the driving device 412 includes a second motor 4121 installed in the second support plate 41, and an output shaft of the second motor 4121 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 21. When operating personnel need carry out the drilling operation of different angles, through two 4121 starter motors, the output shaft drive pivot 21 of two 4121 motors rotates for pivot 21 drives vertical board 2 and drilling rod and rotates, thereby can adjust drilling rod inclination, so that operating personnel carries out the drilling operation of different angles through this equipment.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a first cavity 52 is formed in the first support plate 5, a ratchet 51 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 21 rotatably installed in the first support plate 5, a pawl 521 meshed with the ratchet 51 is installed in the first cavity 52, a first baffle 61 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first cavity 52, a first spring 523 is installed between the first baffle 61 and the pawl 521, one end of the first spring 523 is fixedly connected to the pawl 521, the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the first baffle 61, a driving shaft 524 is rotatably installed in the first cavity 52, one end of the driving shaft 524 is coaxially connected to the pawl 521, one end of the driving shaft 524, which is far away from the pawl 521, extends out of the first support plate 5, and is fixedly connected with a hand wheel 8.

After the operator finishes the inclination angle adjustment of the drill 31 by rotating the rotating shaft 21, the ratchet wheel 51 is blocked by the pawl 521 due to the engagement of the pawl 521 and the ratchet wheel 51, so that the possibility of the inclination angle change of the drill 31 caused by the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 21 is reduced, and the stability of the device in the drilling operation process is improved; after the operator finishes the drilling operation and takes out the drill bit 31, the hand wheel 8 is rotated, the hand wheel 8 drives the driving shaft 524 to rotate, the driving shaft 524 drives the pawl 521 to separate from the ratchet wheel 51, so that the fixation of the pawl 521 on the ratchet wheel 51 is released, and at the moment, the drill bit 31 drives the rotating shaft 21 to reversely rotate under the action of gravity until the drill bit 31 returns to the vertical state.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a fixing plate 53 is coaxially connected to a rotating shaft 21 rotatably installed in a first support plate 5, a fixing groove 531 is formed in the circumferential surface of the fixing plate 53, the opening direction of the fixing groove 531 is consistent with the length direction of the drill bit 31, a second cavity 54 is formed in the first support plate 5, a fixing pin 6 is installed in the second cavity 54 along the vertical sliding direction, one end of the fixing pin 6 can be inserted into the fixing groove 531, a reset groove 541 is formed in the inner wall of the second cavity 54, a second baffle 522 is installed in the reset groove 541 along the vertical sliding direction, the second baffle 522 is fixedly connected to the fixing pin 6, a second spring 611 is installed between the second baffle 522 and the inner wall of the reset groove 541, one end of the second spring 611 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second baffle 522, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom surface of the reset groove 541. An unlocking groove 55 is vertically formed in the side wall of the first supporting plate 5, the unlocking groove 55 is communicated with the second cavity 54, an unlocking rod 551 is installed in the unlocking groove 55 in a sliding mode, one end of the unlocking rod 551 is fixedly connected to the fixing pin 6, and the other end of the unlocking rod 551 extends out of the unlocking groove 55.

When the drill 31 is in a non-working state, the fixing pin 6 is inserted into the fixing groove 531 of the fixing plate 53, and the fixing plate 53 is obstructed by the fixing pin 6, so that the possibility of rotation of the rotating shaft 21 is reduced, the possibility of change of the inclination angle of the drill rod is reduced, and the stability of the drill 31 in the non-working state is improved; when the operator needs to adjust the inclination angle of the drill 31, the operator pulls the unlocking rod 551 downward first, the unlocking rod 551 drives the fixing pin 6 to move downward, so that the fixing pin 6 is separated from the fixing groove 531 to release the fixing of the fixing pin 6 on the fixing plate 53, and then the second motor 4121 is started, so that the inclination angle of the drill 31 can be adjusted.

Limiting groove 62 has been seted up on the fixed pin 6, slidable mounting has drive pin 7 in the cavity two 54, drive pin 7 has seted up sliding hole 71 near the one end lateral wall of fixed pin 6, there is the spacer pin 72 along horizontal direction slidable mounting in sliding hole 71, the spacer pin 72 can be pegged graft in limiting groove 62, be provided with in the sliding hole 71 and be used for driving the automatic actuating mechanism 73 of pegging graft in limiting groove 62 of spacer pin 72, actuating mechanism 73 includes spring three 731, the one end fixed connection in sliding hole 71 inner wall of spring three 731, other end fixed connection is in the spacer pin 72, the one end that the spacer pin 72 is close to fixed pin 6 is provided with drive inclined plane one 721, the one end that the fixed pin 6 is close to the spacer pin 72 is provided with drive inclined plane two 63, drive inclined plane one 721 and drive inclined plane two 63 match each other. The driving pin 7 is fixedly connected with a rack 74, a first gear 542 and a second gear 543 are rotatably mounted in the cavity two 54, the first gear 542 is coaxially connected with the driving shaft 524, the first gear 542 is meshed with the second gear 543, and the second gear 543 is meshed with the rack 74.

After the operator finishes the drilling operation and takes out the drill bit 31, by rotating the hand wheel 8, not only the ratchet wheel 51 is fixed by the pawl 521, but also the first drive gear 542 is rotated by the drive shaft 524, the first drive gear 543 is rotated by the first drive gear 542, the second drive gear 543 drives the rack 74 to move, the rack 74 drives the drive pin 7 to move, after the spring 731 returns to the original length, the spring 731 drives the limit pin 72 to disengage from the limit groove 62, so as to release the fixing of the fixing pin 6 by the limit pin 72, then the fixing pin 6 moves upwards and abuts against the fixing plate 53 under the elastic force of the spring two 611, when the fixing pin 6 is opposite to the fixing groove 531, the fixing pin 6 continues to move upwards and is inserted into the fixing groove 531 under the elastic force of the spring two 611, so as to complete the fixing of the fixing pin 6 to the fixing plate 53.

The side wall of the base 4 is provided with a through groove 42, the through groove 42 penetrates through the base 4, the through groove 42 extends to the position right below the drill bit 31, an operator can penetrate the drill bit 31 through the through groove 42 to drill the ground below the base 4,

the implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: when an operator needs to perform drilling operations at different angles through the device, firstly, the unlocking rod 551 is pulled downwards, so that the second spring 611 is in a compressed state, the unlocking rod 551 drives the fixing pin 6 to move downwards, after the first driving inclined surface 721 contacts with the second driving inclined surface 63, the limiting pin 72 slides along the sliding hole 71 and makes the third spring 731 in a compressed state under the thrust action of the first driving inclined surface 721, when the limiting pin 72 is just opposite to the limiting groove 62, the limiting pin 72 slides along the sliding hole 71 and is inserted into the limiting groove 62 under the elastic force of the third spring 731, so that the fixing of the fixing pin 6 by the limiting pin 72 is completed, then, the second motor 4121 is started, so that the driving shaft 524 of the second motor 4121 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, the rotating shaft 21 drives the supporting seat 1 to rotate, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the drill bit 31, and at this time, the ratchet 51 is hindered by the pawl 521, the possibility that the inclination angle of the drill 31 is changed due to the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 21 is reduced, and the stability of the device in the drilling operation process is improved.

After the operator finishes the drilling operation and takes out the drill bit 31, by rotating the hand wheel 8, not only the ratchet wheel 51 is released from the pawl 521, but also the first driving gear 542 is rotated by the driving shaft 524, the first driving gear 543 is rotated by the first driving gear 542, the second driving gear 543 drives the rack 74 to move, the rack 74 drives the driving pin 7 to move, after the spring 731 returns to its original length, the spring 731 drives the limit pin 72 to disengage from the limit groove 62, so as to release the fixing of the limit pin 72 to the fixing pin 6, then the fixing pin 6 moves upwards under the elastic force of the spring 611 and abuts against the fixing plate 53, when the fixing pin 6 is opposite to the fixing groove 531, the fixing pin 6 continues to move upwards under the elastic force of the spring 611 and is inserted into the fixing groove 531, so as to complete the fixing of the fixing pin 6 to the fixing plate 53, and therefore, the possibility of rotation of the rotating shaft 21 is reduced, and the possibility of change of the inclination angle of the drill rod is reduced, thereby improving the stability of the drill bit 31 in the non-operating state.

The embodiments of the present embodiment are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not sequentially limit the protection scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rig for geotechnical engineering investigation, includes supporting seat (1) and sets up respectively in two vertical boards (2) of supporting seat (1) both sides, install motor (3) on supporting seat (1), the output shaft coaxial coupling of motor (3) has drill bit (31), the equal fixedly connected with connecting rod (11) in both sides of supporting seat (1), every one end fixedly connected with slider (111) of keeping away from supporting seat (1) on connecting rod (11), vertical slidable mounting is followed in vertical board (2) in slider (111), its characterized in that: still including setting up in base (4) of vertical board (2) below, fixedly connected with backup pad (5) and backup pad two (41), two on base (4) vertical board (2) are located between backup pad (5) and backup pad two (41), rotation hole (411), two have all been seted up to backup pad one (5) and the relative inboard lateral wall of backup pad two (41) equal fixedly connected with pivot (21), two on the lateral wall in the relative outside of vertical board (2) the rotation of pivot (21) one-to-one is installed in two rotation holes (411), be provided with in backup pad two (41) and be used for driving pivot (21) pivoted drive arrangement (412).

2. The drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 1, wherein: the driving device (412) comprises a second motor (4121), the second motor (4121) is installed in the second supporting plate (41), and an output shaft of the second motor (4121) is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft (21).

3. The drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 2, wherein: the rotating shaft (21) in the first support plate (5) is rotatably installed on a ratchet wheel (51) in a coaxial connection mode, a first cavity (52) is formed in the first support plate (5), a pawl (521) is installed in the first cavity (52), the pawl (521) is meshed with the ratchet wheel (51), a first baffle (61) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first cavity (52), a first spring (523) is installed between the first baffle (61) and the pawl (521), one end of the first spring (523) is fixedly connected to the pawl (521), and the other end of the first spring (523) is fixedly connected to the first baffle (61).

4. The drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 3, wherein: a driving shaft (524) is rotatably mounted in the first cavity (52), the driving shaft (524) is coaxially connected to the pawl (521), and one end, far away from the pawl (521), of the driving shaft (524) extends out of the first support plate (5).

5. The drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation of claim 4, wherein: the rotating shaft (21) in the first supporting plate (5) is rotatably and coaxially connected with a fixing plate (53), a fixing groove (531) is formed in the peripheral surface of the fixing plate (53), a second cavity (54) is formed in the first supporting plate (5), a fixing pin (6) is vertically and slidably mounted in the second cavity (54), one end of the fixing pin (6) can be inserted into the fixing groove (531), a reset groove (541) is formed in the inner wall of the second cavity (54), a second baffle (522) is slidably mounted in the reset groove (541), the second baffle (522) is fixedly connected to the fixing pin (6), a second spring (611) is mounted between the second baffle (522) and the inner wall of the reset groove (541), one end of the second spring (611) is fixedly connected to the second baffle (522), and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reset groove (541), unlocking groove (55) have been seted up to the lateral wall of backup pad one (5), unlocking groove (55) communicate in cavity two (54), slidable mounting has unlocking lever (551) in unlocking groove (55), the one end fixed connection of unlocking lever (551) is in fixed pin (6), and the other end stretches out unlocking groove (55).

6. The drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation of claim 5, wherein: the improved structure is characterized in that a limiting groove (62) is formed in the fixing pin (6), a driving pin (7) is installed in the cavity II (54), a sliding hole (71) is formed in one end side wall, close to the fixing pin (6), of the driving pin (7), a limiting pin (72) is installed in the sliding hole (71) in a sliding mode, the limiting pin (72) can be inserted into the limiting groove (62), and a driving mechanism (73) used for driving the limiting pin (72) to be automatically inserted into the limiting groove (62) is arranged in the sliding hole (71).

7. The drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation of claim 6, wherein: actuating mechanism (73) are including spring three (731), the one end fixed connection in sliding hole (71) inner wall of spring three (731), other end fixed connection in spacer pin (72), the one end that spacer pin (72) are close to fixed pin (6) is provided with drive inclined plane one (721), the one end that fixed pin (6) are close to spacer pin (72) is provided with drive inclined plane two (63), drive inclined plane one (721) and drive inclined plane two (63) match each other.

8. The drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation of claim 7, wherein: the driving pin (7) is slidably mounted in the second cavity (54), a rack (74) is fixedly connected to the driving pin (7), a first gear (542) and a second gear (543) are rotatably mounted in the second cavity (54), the first gear (542) is coaxially connected to the driving shaft (524), the first gear (542) is meshed with the second gear (543), and the second gear (543) is meshed with the rack (74).

9. The drilling machine for geotechnical engineering investigation of claim 1, wherein: through groove (42) have been seted up to the lateral wall of base (4), through groove (42) run through base (4) setting, through groove (42) extend to the below of drill bit (31).