CN114562212A - Method for manufacturing shell abrasion-proof roller cone and roller cone bit - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing shell abrasion-proof roller cone and roller cone bit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114562212A
CN114562212A CN202210218791.XA CN202210218791A CN114562212A CN 114562212 A CN114562212 A CN 114562212A CN 202210218791 A CN202210218791 A CN 202210218791A CN 114562212 A CN114562212 A CN 114562212A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cone
carburized layer
gear ring
manufacturing
cutting teeth
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Pending
Application number
CN202210218791.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
易媛
张德彪
杨东泽
蔡永忠
刘宗文
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sinopec Oilfield Equipment Corp
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Kingdream PLC
Sinopec Oilfield Equipment Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Kingdream PLC, Sinopec Oilfield Equipment Corp filed Critical Kingdream PLC
Priority to CN202210218791.XA priority Critical patent/CN114562212A/en
Publication of CN114562212A publication Critical patent/CN114562212A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/46Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/50Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of roller type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a method for manufacturing a shell abrasion-proof cone and a cone bit, belonging to the technical field of cone bits in the field of petroleum and natural gas and mining and drilling, wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying out surface carburization treatment on the roller cone blank after machining and forming a carburized layer; after carburizing, removing all or part of carburized layer on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth are embedded in the gear ring and forming a plurality of planes or counter bores; and after quenching, machining a tooth hole on the plane or the counter bore, and inlaying cutting teeth in the tooth hole after the tooth hole is machined. After the surface of the gear wheel is carburized, the carburized layer on the surface of the gear ring is not completely removed, and all or part of the carburized layer is removed on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth are embedded in the gear ring. The roller bit manufactured according to the roller manufacturing method can effectively improve the strength of the outer surface of the roller, improve the wear resistance of the gear ring, and prevent cutting teeth from falling off due to early wear of the gear ring, so that the service life of the bit is prolonged.

Description

Method for manufacturing shell abrasion-proof roller cone and roller cone bit
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of roller bit in the field of petroleum and natural gas and mining and drilling, in particular to a method for manufacturing a shell abrasion-proof roller and a roller bit.
Background
Conventional insert roller cone bits include at least one bit leg and one cone, and a typical roller cone bit includes three bit legs and three cones. The insert cone is provided with a plurality of tooth rows on a cone body, each tooth row is provided with a plurality of tooth holes, and hard cutting teeth are embedded in the tooth holes, wherein the tooth row closest to the bottom plane of the cone is an outer tooth row, and the rest tooth rows are called inner tooth rows.
The prior art insert cone manufacturing process is typically: roughly turning to form a gear ring and a gear groove on the outer contour → carburizing → turning to remove a carburized layer on the gear ring to form a new gear ring → quenching → drilling a gear hole → embedding a cutting tooth. The surface hardness of the ring gear is generally lower than HRC45, and the wear resistance is not high.
In recent years, with the development of drilling technology and earth-boring bit technology, roller cone bits are more applied to drilling of hard formations and strong abrasive formations, and under the working conditions, because the hardness of gear rings of roller cone bits in the prior art is low and the wear resistance is not high, the phenomena of falling of cutting teeth and early failure of roller cone bits caused by serious early wear of the gear rings often occur, so that the service life of the roller cone bits is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a shell abrasion-proof cone manufacturing method and a cone bit, and aims to solve the problems that in the related technology, the hardness of a gear ring of an insert cone manufacturing process is low, the abrasion resistance is not high, and the phenomena that cutting teeth fall off and the cone bit fails early due to the fact that the cutting teeth fall off because of serious early abrasion of the gear ring often occur, so that the service life of the cone bit is shortened.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for manufacturing a roller cone with a wear-resistant shell, the method comprising the steps of:
carrying out surface carburization treatment on the roller cone blank after machining and forming a carburized layer;
after carburizing, removing all or part of carburized layer on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth are embedded in the gear ring and forming a plurality of planes or counter bores;
after quenching, machining a tooth hole on the plane or the counter bore;
after the perforation is finished, cutting teeth are embedded into the perforation.
In some embodiments: the method also comprises the following steps before removing all or part of carburized layers on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth are embedded in the gear ring and forming a plurality of planes or counter bores:
removing the carburized layer (33) with a set thickness on the surface layer of the gear ring (32).
In some embodiments: the thickness of the carburized layer is 1.2-5mm, and the thickness of the carburized layer removed from the surface layer of the gear ring is 0.1-1 mm.
In some embodiments: and removing a carburized layer with a set thickness on the surface layer of the gear ring by adopting a turning processing mode on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth are inlaid in the gear ring.
In some embodiments: and removing all or part of the carburized layer on the surface of the position embedded with the cutting teeth on the gear ring by adopting a milling or drilling machining mode.
In some embodiments: and the shapes of a plurality of planes or counter bores formed after the carburized layer is removed by being inserted into the surface of the cutting tooth position are circular or rectangular structures.
In some embodiments: and the sizes of a plurality of planes or counter bores which are formed in advance after the carburized layer is removed by being inserted into the position surface of the cutting tooth are larger than the diameter of the tooth hole of the cutting tooth.
In some embodiments: the hardness of the cone after quenching is HRC 50-65.
In some embodiments: and carrying out all or partial surface carburization treatment on the roller cone blank after machining and forming.
A second aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a roller cone drill bit with a wear-resistant casing, comprising:
the bit body is provided with at least one bit leg, and the bottom of the bit leg is provided with a shaft neck which is rotatably connected with a cone;
a cone mounted on a journal at the bottom of a bit leg and manufactured according to the method of any of the embodiments described above.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
the embodiment of the application provides a shell abrasion-proof cone manufacturing method and a cone bit, and the shell abrasion-proof cone manufacturing method comprises the steps of firstly, processing and forming a cone blank, then carrying out surface carburization treatment, and forming a carburized layer; after carburizing, removing all or part of carburized layer on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth are embedded in the gear ring and forming a plurality of planes or counter bores; and after quenching, machining a tooth hole on the plane or the counter bore, and embedding cutting teeth in the tooth hole.
Therefore, according to the method for manufacturing the shell abrasion-proof cone, after a cone blank is machined and formed, surface carburization is carried out, a carburized layer is formed, and the carburized layer completely covers the outer surface of the cone so as to enhance the hardness and the abrasion resistance of the cone. After the surface of the gear wheel is carburized, the carburized layer on the surface of the gear ring is not completely removed, and all or part of the carburized layer is removed on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth are embedded on the gear ring. The roller bit manufactured by the roller manufacturing method can effectively improve the strength of the outer surface of the roller, improve the wear resistance of the gear ring, and prevent cutting teeth from falling off due to early wear of the gear ring, thereby prolonging the service life of the bit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cone after carburization in step 101 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a carburized layer of a gear ring with a predetermined thickness removed from a case layer after carburization according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating the formation of a plurality of counterbores in a ring gear at step 102 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating the machining of a tooth hole in a counterbore in step 103 according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cutting tooth inserted into a tooth hole in step 104 according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a roller cone drill bit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1. a bit body; 2. a bit leg; 3. a cone; 5. cutting teeth; 31. a cone base plane; 32. a ring gear; 33. a carburized layer; 34. a counter bore; 35. and (4) a perforation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a shell abrasion-proof cone manufacturing method and a cone bit, and can solve the problems that in the related technology, due to the fact that a gear ring manufactured by an insert cone manufacturing process is low in hardness and low in abrasion resistance, the phenomena that cutting teeth fall off and the cone bit fails early due to the fact that the gear ring is seriously abraded early often occur, and therefore the service life of the cone bit is shortened.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a first aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a roller cone with a wear-resistant shell, where the method for manufacturing the roller cone 3 includes the following steps:
step 101, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, performing surface carburizing treatment after the roller cone blank is turned and formed to form a carburized layer 33, wherein the thickness of the carburized layer 33 is 1.2-5mm, and the thickness of the carburized layer 33 is more preferably 1.5-2 mm. The carburized layer 33 is used for enhancing the surface hardness of the cone 3 and improving the wear resistance of the cone 3. The carburized layer 33 may cover all or part of the surface of cone 3, with the carburized layer 33 covering the outer and inner surfaces of cone 3 for all surfaces and the carburized layer 33 covering areas other than cone base plane 31 for some surfaces.
Step 102, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, after the carburization of the cone 3 is completed, removing all or part of the carburized layer 33 from the surface of the carburized gear ring 32 at the position where the cutting teeth 5 are inserted, and forming a plurality of planes or counterbores 34. This step reserves the carburized layer 33 outside the position where the ring gear 32 is inserted into the cutting teeth 5, and ensures that the ring gear 32 has high hardness and high wear resistance. The removal of the carburized layer 33 from the surface of the carburized ring gear 32 at the position where the cutting teeth 5 are inserted facilitates the subsequent machining of the tooth hole 35, and prevents the accelerated wear and the breakage of the tool when machining the tooth hole 35.
103, as shown in fig. 4, quenching and tempering the cone 3 to obtain the cone 3 with high surface hardness, high wear resistance and high fatigue strength, and maintaining the toughness of the core of the cone 3 after quenching of the mild steel so that the cone 3 can bear impact load, wherein after quenching of the cone 3, the surface hardness of the carburized layer 33 is HRC 50-65, and after quenching of the cone 3, the surface hardness of the carburized layer 33 is further preferably HRC 62. The cone 3 is quenched and tempered and then a tooth hole 35 is machined in the plane or the counter bore 34.
Step 104, as shown in fig. 5, after the machining of the tooth hole 35 is completed, the cutting element 5 is inserted into the tooth hole 35, and the manufacturing of the cone 3 is completed.
According to the method for manufacturing the shell abrasion-proof cone, the surface of a cone blank piece 31 is carburized after being machined and molded, a carburized layer 33 is formed, and the carburized layer 33 completely covers the outer surface of the cone 3 so as to enhance the hardness and the abrasion resistance of the cone 3. After carburization of the surface of cone 3, the carburized layer 33 on the surface of ring gear 32 is not completely removed, but all or part of the carburized layer 33 is removed only on the surface of the ring gear 32 where cutting teeth 5 are inserted.
The roller bit manufactured by the roller cone manufacturing method can effectively improve the strength of the outer surface of the roller cone 3, improve the wear resistance of the gear ring 32, and prevent the cutting teeth 5 from falling off caused by early abrasion of the gear ring 32, thereby prolonging the service life of the bit.
In some alternative embodiments: referring to FIG. 2, embodiments of the present application provide a method for manufacturing a shell wear resistant cone, which further comprises the following steps before removing all or part of the carburized layer 33 and forming a plurality of flats or counterbores 34 on the surface of the ring 32 at locations where the cutting elements 5 are inserted in step 102:
and removing the carburized layer 33 with the set thickness on the surface layer of the gear ring 33 by adopting a turning mode, removing the carburized layer 33 with the set thickness on the surface layer of the gear ring 32 to reduce the surface hardness of the carburized layer 33 on the gear ring 32, and removing the carburized layer 33 with the set thickness on the surface layer of the gear ring 32 to be 0.1-1mm, so that all or part of the carburized layer 33 is removed from the surface of the position where the cutting teeth 5 are embedded on the gear ring 32 in the next step and a plurality of planes or counter bores 34 are formed.
In some alternative embodiments: the embodiment of the application provides a method for manufacturing a cone with a wear-resistant shell, which is characterized in that all or part of a carburized layer 33 is removed from the surface of a position, where cutting teeth 5 are embedded, on a gear ring 32 in a milling or drilling mode, so that a tooth hole 35 is machined in the cone 3. The shapes of a plurality of planes or counter bores 34 formed after the carburized layer 33 is removed on the surface of the position where the cutting tooth 5 is inserted are circular or rectangular structures.
The gear rings 32 on the gear 3 are divided into an outer gear ring and an inner gear ring, one outer gear ring is arranged, and two inner gear rings are arranged. Wherein, 8 planes or counter bores 34 are formed in advance after the carburized layer 33 is removed on the outer ring gear, 8 planes or counter bores 34 are formed in advance after the carburized layer 33 is removed on the inner ring gear close to the outer ring gear, and 4 planes or counter bores 34 are formed in advance after the carburized layer 33 is removed on the inner ring gear far away from the outer ring gear.
A plurality of planes or counter bores 34 are formed in advance after the carburized layer 33 is removed by inserting the cutting teeth 5, and the size of the planes or the counter bores 34 is larger than the diameter of the tooth holes 35 of the cutting teeth 5. The diameter of the upper flat surface or counterbore 34 on the outer ring gear is 13mm, the diameter of the upper flat surface or counterbore 34 on the inner ring gear close to the outer ring gear is 11mm, and the diameter of the upper flat surface or counterbore 35 on the inner ring gear far from the outer ring gear is 10mm, so as to remove part of the carburized layer on the ring gear 32.
The number of the planes or the counter bores on the outer gear ring is 8, the number of the planes or the counter bores 34 on the inner gear ring close to the outer gear ring is 8, and the number of the planes or the counter bores 34 on the inner gear ring far away from the outer gear ring is 4. The diameter of the sprocket hole 35 in which the cutting element 5 is inserted on the outer ring gear is 10mm, the diameter of the sprocket hole 35 in which the cutting element 5 is inserted on the inner ring gear located close to the outer ring gear is 8mm, and the diameter of the sprocket hole 35 in which the cutting element 5 is inserted on the inner ring gear located far from the outer ring gear is 7 mm.
Referring to fig. 6, a second aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a shell wear resistant roller cone drill bit, which is a 127mm (5") diameter gear ring wear resistant roller cone drill bit, comprising:
the bit body 1, three bit legs 2 are equipped on this bit body 1, are equipped with the axle journal of the rotary connection cone 3 in the bottom of each bit leg 2. A cone 3, which cone 3 is provided with three cones 3, which cones 3 are mounted on journals at the bottom of a bit leg 2 and manufactured according to the method described in any of the embodiments above, the row of teeth of each cone 3 being provided with cutting teeth 5.
When the roller bit is used, the threads on the upper part of the bit body 1 are connected with the threads on drilling tools such as a drill rod or a screw rod, the roller bit is driven by a rotary disc or a top drive, or downhole tools such as the screw rod drive the roller bit, so that the roller bit rotates and moves according to a preset route, the cutting teeth 5 on the roller bit 3 continuously impact the rock, and the rock is crushed to form a needed borehole.
Principle of operation
The embodiment of the application provides a method for manufacturing a shell abrasion-proof cone and a cone bit, and the method for manufacturing the shell abrasion-proof cone firstly processes and shapes a cone blank 31 and then carries out surface carburization treatment to form a carburized layer 33; after carburization, removing all or part of the carburized layer 33 from the surface of the gear ring 32 at the position where the cutting teeth 5 are inserted and forming a plurality of planes or counter bores 34; after quenching, a tooth hole 35 is machined in the plane or counter bore 34, and a cutting tooth 5 is inserted into the tooth hole 35.
Therefore, in the method for manufacturing the shell abrasion-proof cone, after the cone blank piece 31 is machined and formed, the surface is carburized to form the carburized layer 33, and the carburized layer 33 completely covers the outer surface of the cone 3, so that the hardness and the abrasion resistance of the cone 3 are enhanced. After carburization of the surface of cone 3, the carburized layer 33 on the surface of ring gear 32 is not completely removed, but all or part of the carburized layer 33 is removed only on the surface of the ring gear 32 where cutting teeth 5 are inserted. The roller bit manufactured according to the roller manufacturing method can effectively improve the strength of the outer surface of the roller 3, improve the wear resistance of the gear ring 32 and prevent cutting teeth from falling off caused by early abrasion of the gear ring 32, thereby prolonging the service life of the bit.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A method for manufacturing a shell-wear-resistant roller cone, characterized in that the method for manufacturing the roller cone (3) comprises the following steps:
carrying out surface carburization treatment on the roller cone blank after processing and forming to form a carburized layer (33);
after carburizing, removing all or part of a carburized layer (33) on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth (5) are embedded on the gear ring (32) and forming a plurality of planes or counter bores (34);
after quenching, machining a tooth hole (35) on the plane or the counter bore (34),
after the machining of the tooth hole (35) is completed, cutting teeth (5) are inserted into the tooth hole (35).
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the shell is worn by a user,
the method also comprises the following steps before removing all or part of a carburized layer (33) and forming a plurality of planes or counter bores (34) on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth (5) are embedded on the gear ring (32):
removing the carburized layer (33) with a set thickness on the surface layer of the gear ring (32).
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the shell is worn by a user, the method comprising:
the thickness of the carburized layer (33) is 1.2-5mm, and the thickness of the carburized layer (33) removed from the surface layer of the gear ring (32) is 0.1-1 mm.
4. A method of manufacturing a shell wear resistant cone as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein:
and removing a carburized layer (33) with a set thickness on the surface layer of the gear ring (32) by adopting a turning processing mode on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth (5) are embedded in the gear ring (32).
5. The method of claim 1 for manufacturing a shell wear resistant cone, wherein:
and removing all or part of the carburized layer (33) on the surface of the position where the cutting teeth (5) are embedded in the gear ring (32) by adopting a milling or drilling machining mode.
6. The method of claim 1 for manufacturing a shell wear resistant cone, wherein:
the surfaces of the cutting teeth (5) are inserted into and form a plurality of planes or counter bores (34) after the carburized layer (33) is removed, and the planes or the counter bores are in a circular or rectangular structure.
7. The method of claim 1 for manufacturing a shell wear resistant cone, wherein:
the sizes of a plurality of planes or counter bores (34) which are formed in advance after the carburized layer (33) is removed on the surface of the position where the cutting tooth (5) is inserted are larger than the diameter of a tooth hole (35) of the cutting tooth (5).
8. The method of claim 1 for manufacturing a shell wear resistant cone, wherein:
the hardness of the cone (3) after quenching is HRC 50-65.
9. The method of claim 1 for manufacturing a shell wear resistant cone, wherein:
the roller cone blank piece (31) is subjected to complete or partial surface carburization after being processed and formed.
10. A roller cone drill bit having a wear resistant shell, comprising:
the bit body (1), at least one bit leg (2) is arranged on the bit body (1), and a shaft neck which is rotatably connected with a cone (3) is arranged at the bottom of the bit leg (2);
a cone (3), said cone (3) being mounted on a journal at the bottom of a bit leg (2) and being manufactured according to a method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202210218791.XA 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Method for manufacturing shell abrasion-proof roller cone and roller cone bit Pending CN114562212A (en)

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CN202210218791.XA CN114562212A (en) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Method for manufacturing shell abrasion-proof roller cone and roller cone bit

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210218791.XA CN114562212A (en) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Method for manufacturing shell abrasion-proof roller cone and roller cone bit

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115971495A (en) * 2022-12-27 2023-04-18 天津立林钻头有限公司 Manufacturing method of high-wear-resistance roller bit

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115971495A (en) * 2022-12-27 2023-04-18 天津立林钻头有限公司 Manufacturing method of high-wear-resistance roller bit

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