CN114562196B - Piston buffer mechanism and rock drill - Google Patents
Piston buffer mechanism and rock drill Download PDFInfo
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- CN114562196B CN114562196B CN202210059815.1A CN202210059815A CN114562196B CN 114562196 B CN114562196 B CN 114562196B CN 202210059815 A CN202210059815 A CN 202210059815A CN 114562196 B CN114562196 B CN 114562196B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 187
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
- E21B1/12—Percussion drilling with a reciprocating impulse member
- E21B1/24—Percussion drilling with a reciprocating impulse member the impulse member being a piston driven directly by fluid pressure
- E21B1/26—Percussion drilling with a reciprocating impulse member the impulse member being a piston driven directly by fluid pressure by liquid pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a piston buffer mechanism and a rock drill, comprising a machine body and a buffer sleeve; the machine body is provided with a main liquid inlet channel and a main liquid return channel; a convex ring section is formed in the middle of the buffer sleeve in a protruding mode, a first liquid filling cavity is formed between the machine body and the convex ring section, and a second liquid filling cavity is formed between the machine body and the rear end face of the convex ring section; the first liquid filling cavity is communicated with the liquid return main channel, and the second liquid filling cavity is communicated with the liquid inlet main channel; the buffer sleeve is provided with a first channel; when the buffer sleeve is positioned at a first preset position, the first channel and the second liquid charging cavity are in a conducting state; when the buffer sleeve moves backwards to a second preset position, the first channel and the second liquid filling cavity are in a blocking state. The invention simplifies the structure of the buffer unit, realizes the quick response of the buffer control, and greatly reduces the assembly difficulty and the failure rate of the buffer mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining equipment, and particularly relates to a piston buffer mechanism and a rock drill.
Background
Rock drills are tools used to directly mine rock material. It can drill blast holes in rock stratum to put explosive to blast rock, so as to complete the exploitation of stone or other stone engineering. Furthermore, rock drills may be modified as breakers for breaking hard layers such as concrete. Rock drills can be classified into pneumatic rock drills, internal combustion rock drills, electric rock drills, hydraulic rock drills and the like according to power sources of the rock drills. Wherein, the hydraulic rock drill relies on hydraulic pressure to strike the drill rod through the impact body, realizes the action of chisel hitting the rock. As one of important engineering equipments, a hydraulic rock drill is indispensable to engineering construction in the fields of mines, highways, buildings, and the like.
The rock drill mainly comprises an impact mechanism and a swing mechanism. The impact mechanism is switched by a reversing valve, hydraulic oil sequentially enters a stroke action cavity and a return action cavity to push a piston to rapidly and high-frequency reciprocate, after single impact is completed, impact reflection acting force fed back by rocks is transmitted to a machine body through a drill tool chain formed by a drill bit, a drill rod and a drill bit tail, in order to relieve the impact reflection acting force, a buffer piston is arranged between the impact piston and the machine body, and buffer control is realized through a control valve externally arranged on the buffer piston, the overall structure of a buffer unit is complex, the buffer response is insensitive, and the manufacturing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a piston buffer mechanism and a rock drill, aiming at simplifying the structure of a buffer unit and improving the sensitivity of buffer response.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
in a first aspect, a piston buffering mechanism is provided, which comprises a machine body and a buffering sleeve, wherein the buffering sleeve is arranged in an inner hole of the machine body, and the buffering sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of an impact piston;
a main liquid inlet channel and a main liquid return channel are formed in the machine body;
a convex ring section is formed in the middle of the buffer sleeve in a protruding mode, a first liquid filling cavity is formed in front of an inner hole of the machine body and the front end face of the convex ring section, and a second liquid filling cavity is formed between the inner hole of the machine body and the rear end face of the convex ring section;
the first liquid filling cavity is communicated with the liquid return main channel, and the second liquid filling cavity is communicated with the liquid inlet main channel;
a first channel is formed in the buffer sleeve, the liquid outlet end of the first channel is communicated with the first liquid filling cavity, and the liquid inlet end of the first channel is communicated with the second liquid filling cavity;
the rear port of the first channel is positioned on the peripheral surface of the buffer sleeve, the front port of the main liquid inlet channel is positioned on the rear side wall of the second liquid charging cavity, and the position of the buffer sleeve in a non-buffer state is defined as a first preset position;
when the buffer sleeve is positioned at a first preset position, the first channel and the second liquid charging cavity are in a conducting state;
when the buffer sleeve moves backwards to a second preset position, the first channel and the second liquid filling cavity are in a blocking state.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a third liquid filling cavity is formed between an inner hole of the machine body and an outer peripheral surface of the buffer sleeve, the buffer sleeve has a radially extending pressure bearing surface, a fourth liquid filling cavity is formed between the pressure bearing surface and the inner hole of the machine body, the third liquid filling cavity is located in front of the convex ring segment and is communicated with the liquid return main channel, and the fourth liquid filling cavity is located behind the convex ring segment;
the buffer sleeve is provided with a second channel and a third channel;
the front port of the second channel is communicated with the third liquid charging cavity, the rear port of the second channel is communicated with the fourth liquid charging cavity, and the front port of the second channel is positioned on the peripheral surface of the buffer sleeve;
when the buffer sleeve is positioned in front of a third preset position, the second channel and the third liquid charging cavity are in a conducting state;
when the buffer sleeve moves backwards to the third preset position, the second channel and the third liquid charging cavity are in a blocking state, and the third preset position is behind the second preset position;
and a buffer gap is formed between the inner hole of the buffer sleeve and the peripheral surface of the impact piston, the buffer gap is communicated with the fourth liquid filling cavity, and the third channel is communicated with the buffer gap and the liquid return main channel.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the pressure bearing surface is a rear end surface of the buffer sleeve.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the buffer sleeve is formed with a lubrication channel, and the lubrication channel is communicated with the fourth liquid filling cavity and a gap between an outer peripheral surface of the buffer sleeve and the machine body.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the machine body is formed with a fourth channel communicated with the main liquid inlet channel;
when the buffer sleeve is located at the third preset position, the lubricating channel and the fourth channel are in a conducting state;
when the buffer sleeve is located in front of the third preset position, the lubricating channel and the fourth channel are in a blocking state.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a stepped ring groove is formed behind the convex ring section of the cushion sleeve, a pressure bearing surface is formed on a front end surface of the stepped ring groove, and a fifth liquid filling cavity is formed between the stepped ring groove and an inner hole of the machine body;
the machine body is provided with a fifth channel communicated with the main liquid return channel, and the inlet end of the fifth channel is positioned on the inner circumferential surface of the inner hole of the machine body;
when the buffer sleeve is located at a third preset position, the fifth channel and the fifth liquid charging cavity are in a blocking state;
when the buffer sleeve is located in front of the third preset position, the fifth channel and the fifth liquid charging cavity are in a conducting state, and the third preset position is located behind the second preset position.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a second sealing ring and a third sealing ring are arranged between the outer circumferential surface of the buffer sleeve and the machine body, the second sealing ring is located in front of the first liquid filling cavity, and the third sealing ring is located behind the fifth liquid filling cavity.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a first sealing ring is disposed in the buffer gap, and the first sealing ring is located before the first liquid filling cavity.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the machine body is formed with a sixth channel, and the first liquid filling cavity is communicated with the liquid return main channel through the sixth channel.
Compared with the prior art, in the scheme shown in the embodiment of the application, in a non-buffering state, the buffering sleeve is located at the first preset position, and high-pressure liquid flows into the second liquid filling cavity from the liquid inlet main channel and then flows out from the first channel and the liquid return main channel in sequence to complete the circulation of the liquid; when the buffer sleeve moves backwards to a second preset position, a passage between the first channel and the second liquid charging cavity is blocked, the second liquid charging cavity can only be communicated with the liquid inlet main channel, high-pressure liquid in the second liquid charging cavity cannot be discharged, and then hydraulic buffer acting force is provided; when the impact piston finishes rebounding, the rear end face of the convex ring section is continuously pushed by high-pressure liquid, so that the buffer sleeve can move forward for a certain distance, the liquid circulation channel is communicated again when the first channel is communicated with the second liquid filling cavity, and the buffer sleeve can be restored to the first preset position.
According to the buffer sleeve, a control valve structure is not required to be arranged externally, the buffer sleeve can control whether the buffer action is formed or not in the movement process, and the buffer sleeve can be rapidly switched between the buffer state and the non-buffer state due to the fact that the buffer sleeve moves to directly influence the on-off of a circulating channel, so that the response speed is very high; meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the liquid circulation path is simple, the structure and the control mode of the buffer unit are simplified, and the manufacturing cost is effectively reduced; in addition, because the structure of the control valve arranged outside is reduced, the buffer control can be realized by the shape improvement of the buffer sleeve and the inner cavity of the machine body, the number of parts is greatly reduced, and the assembly difficulty and the failure rate of the buffer mechanism are greatly reduced.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a rock drilling machine, including:
the above-described piston buffer mechanism;
the impact piston is inserted in the central hole of the buffer sleeve in a sliding manner;
the thrust sleeve is arranged in the inner hole of the machine body, is positioned on the front side of the buffer sleeve and can enable the impact piston to penetrate through; and
and the drill rod tail is inserted into the machine body in a sliding manner and is positioned on the front side of the thrust sleeve, and the rear end of the drill rod tail can be abutted against the front end of the thrust sleeve.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme shown in the embodiment of the application has the advantages that the piston buffer mechanism is adopted, so that the buffer sleeve can respond to the impact reflection effect quickly, hydraulic buffering is formed by cooperation between the buffer sleeve and the machine body, damage to internal components of the rock drill is effectively avoided, the whole structure of the piston buffer mechanism is simple and compact, the whole miniaturization design of the rock drill is facilitated, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a rock drilling machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a piston sleeve used in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 (a) shows a schematic internal structure diagram of the piston buffering mechanism when the piston sleeve is at the first preset position in the second embodiment, fig. 3 (b) shows a schematic internal structure diagram of the piston buffering mechanism when the piston sleeve is at the second preset position in the second embodiment, and fig. 3 (c) shows a schematic internal structure diagram of the piston buffering mechanism when the piston sleeve is at the third preset position in the second embodiment;
fig. 4 (a) shows a schematic internal structure diagram of the piston buffer mechanism when the piston sleeve is at the first preset position in the third embodiment, and fig. 4 (b) shows a schematic internal structure diagram of the piston buffer mechanism when the piston sleeve is at the second preset position in the third embodiment;
fig. 5 (a) shows the piston sleeve in the first preset position in the fourth embodiment, fig. 5 (b) shows the internal structure of the piston buffering mechanism in the second preset position in the fourth embodiment, and fig. 5 (c) shows the internal structure of the piston buffering mechanism in the third preset position in the fourth embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a body; 1a, a main liquid inlet channel; 1b, a main liquid return channel; 1c, a sixth channel; 1d, a fourth channel; 1e, a fifth channel;
2. an impact piston;
3. drill bit shank; 3a, a contact surface behind the drill shank;
4. a thrust sleeve; 4a, a front contact surface; 4b, a rear contact surface;
5. a buffer sleeve; A. a front section; B. a convex ring segment; C. a rear section; 5a, a front buffer surface; 5b, a second channel; 5c, a third channel; 5d, a first channel; 5e, lubricating the channel;
6. a first seal ring;
7. a third liquid-filled chamber;
8. a first prefill chamber;
9. a second liquid-filled chamber;
10. a fourth prefill chamber;
11. a buffer gap;
13. a second seal ring;
14. a third seal ring;
15. and a fifth liquid filling cavity.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It is noted that the term "forward" in this application refers to the direction in which the impact piston 2 impacts the shank adapter 3, and vice versa "rearward". In addition, the liquid in the present application is exemplarily shown as hydraulic oil, which not only can achieve effective buffering, but also can achieve lubrication, but it should be understood that the liquid is selected to meet the mechanical performance and lubrication performance indexes, and is not limited herein.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5 (c), the piston buffering mechanism provided by the present invention will now be described. Piston buffer gear, including organism 1 and cushion collar 5, during cushion collar 5 located the hole of organism 1, the periphery of impact piston 2 is located to cushion collar 5 cover.
The machine body 1 is formed with a main liquid inlet channel 1a and a main liquid return channel 1b. A convex ring section B is formed in the middle of the buffer sleeve 5 in a protruding mode, a first liquid filling cavity 8 is formed in front of an inner hole of the machine body 1 and the front end face of the convex ring section B, and a second liquid filling cavity 9 is formed between the inner hole of the machine body 1 and the rear end face of the convex ring section B; the first liquid charging cavity 8 is communicated with the liquid return main channel 1b, and the second liquid charging cavity 9 is communicated with the liquid inlet main channel 1 a; the buffer sleeve 5 is provided with a first channel 5d, the liquid outlet end of the first channel 5d is communicated with a first liquid charging cavity 8, and the liquid inlet end is communicated with a second liquid charging cavity 9; the rear port of the first channel 5d is located on the peripheral surface of the buffer sleeve 5, the front port of the main liquid inlet channel 1a is located on the rear side wall of the second liquid charging cavity 9, and the position of the buffer sleeve 5 in a non-buffer state is defined as a first preset position.
When the buffer sleeve 5 is at the first preset position, the first channel 5d and the second liquid charging cavity 9 are in a conducting state; when the buffer sleeve 5 moves backwards to the second preset position, the first channel 5d and the second liquid charging cavity 9 are in a blocking state.
Compared with the prior art, in a non-buffering state, the piston buffering mechanism provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the buffering sleeve 5 is located at the first preset position, and high-pressure liquid flows into the second liquid filling cavity 9 from the liquid inlet main channel 1a and then flows out from the first channel 5d and the liquid return main channel 1b in sequence to complete circulation of the liquid; when the buffer sleeve 5 is pushed by the thrust sleeve 4 to move backwards under the action of shock reflection, when the buffer sleeve 5 moves backwards to a second preset position, a passage between the first channel 5d and the second liquid charging cavity 9 is blocked, the second liquid charging cavity 9 can only be communicated with the liquid inlet main channel 1a, high-pressure liquid in the second liquid charging cavity 9 cannot be discharged, and then hydraulic buffer action force is provided; when the impact piston 2 finishes rebounding, the rear end face of the convex ring section B is continuously pushed by high-pressure liquid, so that the buffer sleeve 5 can move forwards for a certain distance, and when the first channel 5d is communicated with the second liquid filling cavity 9 again, the liquid circulation channel is communicated again, and at the moment, the buffer sleeve 5 can be restored to the first preset position.
The piston buffer mechanism of the embodiment can relieve and absorb the impact reflection given to the rock drill body by the rock through the drill chain comprising the drill bit, the drill rod, the drill shank and the like during rock drilling, thereby reducing the damage to the rock drill body, prolonging the service life of the rock drill and saving the use cost of the rock drill; meanwhile, in the embodiment, a control valve structure is not required to be arranged externally, the buffer sleeve 5 can control whether the buffer action is formed or not in the movement process, and the buffer sleeve 5 can be rapidly switched between the buffer state and the non-buffer state due to the fact that the on-off of the circulating channel is directly influenced by the movement of the buffer sleeve 5, so that the response speed is very high; meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the liquid circulation path is simple, the structure and the control mode of the buffer unit are simplified, and the manufacturing cost is effectively reduced; in addition, because the structure of a control valve arranged outside is reduced, the buffer control can be realized by the shape improvement of the buffer sleeve 5 and the inner cavity of the machine body 1, the number of parts is greatly reduced, and the assembly difficulty and the failure rate of the buffer mechanism are greatly reduced.
In specific implementation, referring to fig. 3 (a) to 5 (c), the inlet of the main liquid inlet channel 1a is communicated with the oil outlet unit of the hydraulic system of the drill jumbo, and has high hydraulic pressure; the outlet of the liquid return main channel 1b is communicated with an oil return unit of a hydraulic system of the drill jumbo, and the hydraulic pressure is relatively low. In the embodiment, the buffer medium of the piston buffer mechanism can be controlled and supplied by the hydraulic system of the drilling trolley, the design structure is simpler, and the cost is lower.
It should be noted that, the support body of other parts inside the rock drill is located at the machine body 1, this embodiment only shows an exemplary embodiment, and the specific assembly structure of the machine body 1 is selected according to the actual design requirement, and is not limited herein.
In some embodiments, in order to optimize the matching of the damping force and to make the movement of the piston sleeve 5 smoother, the piston sleeve 5 is divided into a front section a, a convex ring section B and a rear section C in sequence from front to rear, wherein the outer diameter of the convex ring section B, the outer diameter of the front section a and the outer diameter of the rear section C decrease in sequence. When the buffer sleeve 5 moves from the first preset position to the second preset position, the radial area of the rear end face of the convex ring section B is larger, larger thrust can be provided, and effective buffering is realized; when the damping sleeve 5 is moved from the second preset position to the first preset position,
in specific implementation, referring to fig. 3 (a) to 5 (c), in order to reduce the resistance of the convex ring segment B during the resetting process, the front end surface of the convex ring segment B is a conical surface, and the diameter of the conical surface gradually increases from front to back.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 (a) to 5 (c), a third liquid filling cavity 7 is formed between the inner hole of the machine body 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the buffer sleeve 5, the buffer sleeve 5 has a radially extending pressure bearing surface, a fourth liquid filling cavity 10 is formed between the pressure bearing surface and the inner hole of the machine body 1, the third liquid filling cavity 7 is located in front of the convex ring segment B and is communicated with the liquid return main channel 1B, and the fourth liquid filling cavity 10 is located behind the convex ring segment B; the cushion collar 5 is formed with a second passage 5b and a third passage 5c; the front port of the second channel 5b is communicated with the third liquid charging cavity 7, the rear port is communicated with the fourth liquid charging cavity 10, and the front port of the second channel 5b is positioned on the peripheral surface of the buffer sleeve 5.
When the buffer sleeve 5 is located in front of the third preset position, the second channel 5b and the third liquid charging cavity 7 are in a conducting state; when the buffer sleeve 5 moves backwards to the third preset position, the second channel 5b and the third liquid filling cavity 7 are in a blocking state, and the third preset position is behind the second preset position.
A buffer gap 11 is formed between the inner hole of the buffer sleeve 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the impact piston 2, the buffer gap 11 is communicated with the fourth liquid filling cavity 10, and the third channel 5c is communicated with the buffer gap 11 and the liquid return main channel 1b.
In operation, when the cushion collar 5 is located at the front of the third preset position (fig. 3 (c)), the liquid in the main liquid return channel 1b flows into the fourth liquid filling cavity 10 along the path of the third channel 5c → the cushion gap 11 → the fourth liquid filling cavity 10; when the cushion collar 5 is located at the third predetermined position (fig. 3 (c)), oil is discharged in the direction of the cushion gap 11 → the third passage 5c → the main liquid return passage 1b. Here, "before the third preset position (fig. 3 (c)) means a position located between the first preset position (fig. 3 (a)) or the first preset position (fig. 3 (a)) and the third preset position (fig. 3 (c)).
In the foregoing embodiment, when the cushion sleeve 5 moves to the second preset position, if the shock reflection acting force cannot be counteracted, the cushion sleeve 5 will continue to move backward, and on the premise that the second liquid-filled cavity 9 is still in the cushioning state, the passage between the second channel 5b and the third liquid-filled cavity 7 is blocked, and the liquid in the fourth liquid-filled cavity 10 can only sequentially flow out through the cushion gap 11, the third channel 5c and the liquid return main channel 1b, and because the flow area of the cushion gap 11 is small, a damping effect is generated, so that the fourth liquid-filled cavity 10 also plays a role in cushioning. This application has realized the doublestage buffering through setting up second prefill chamber 9 and fourth prefill chamber 10, has promoted the reliability of buffering.
On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to fig. 3 (a) to 5 (c), the annular groove is further formed in the inner annular surface of the piston sleeve 5, so that a function of storing hydraulic oil can be achieved, lubrication of the contact surface between the buffer sleeve 5 and the impact piston 2 can be achieved more effectively, and friction damage to the buffer sleeve 5 and the impact piston 2 is further avoided.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 (a) to 4 (b), the pressure bearing surface is a rear end surface of the cushion collar 5. In the embodiment, the fourth liquid filling cavity 10 is formed behind the buffer sleeve 5, the area of the pressure bearing surface is large, the received buffer acting force is large, and reliable secondary buffer effect can be provided.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the pressure-bearing surface is exemplarily shown as the rear end surface of the buffer sleeve 5, but on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the pressure-bearing surface may also be other surfaces, for example, a stepped groove is formed at the rear end of the buffer sleeve 5, a fourth liquid-filling cavity 10 (not shown in the figure) is formed between the side wall and the bottom of the stepped groove and the inner hole of the machine body 1, and the communication mode of the fourth liquid-filling cavity 10 is similar to that of the above-mentioned embodiment, and is not described again here.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the buffer sleeve 5 is formed with a lubrication channel 5e, and the lubrication channel 5e communicates with the fourth liquid-filling chamber 10 and a gap between the outer circumferential surface of the buffer sleeve 5 and the machine body 1. The embodiment realizes the lubrication between the peripheral surface of the buffer sleeve 5 and the machine body 1, and avoids the friction damage to the buffer sleeve 5 and the machine body 1.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the body 1 is formed with a fourth channel 1d communicating with the main liquid inlet channel 1 a; when the buffer sleeve 5 is located at a third preset position (not shown in the figure), the lubricating channel 5e and the fourth channel 1d are in a conducting state; when the cushion collar 5 is located before the third preset position, the lubrication passage 5e and the fourth passage 1d are in a blocked state. Here, "before the third preset position" refers to a position located between the first preset position (fig. 4 (a)) or the first preset position (fig. 4 (a)) and the third preset position, including the second preset position (fig. 4 (b)).
In this embodiment, when the buffer sleeve 5 is located at the third preset position, because the lubricating channel 5e is communicated with the main liquid inlet channel 1a through the fourth channel 1d, the liquid in the fourth liquid charging chamber 10 is not only difficult to be discharged from the lubricating channel 5e, but also the liquid in the lubricating channel 5e flows back to the fourth liquid charging chamber 10, and the buffering effect of the second-stage buffering is further enhanced.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 (a) to 4 (b), in order to avoid liquid leakage, a first sealing ring 6 is disposed in the buffer gap 11, and the first sealing ring 6 is located in front of the first liquid filling cavity 8.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5 (a) to 5 (c), the buffer sleeve 5 is formed with a stepped ring groove behind the bulge loop section B, a front end surface of the stepped ring groove forms a pressure bearing surface, and a fifth liquid filling cavity 15 is formed between the stepped ring groove and the inner hole of the machine body 1; the body 1 is formed with a fifth passage 1e communicating with the main liquid return passage 1b, and the inlet end of the fifth passage 1e is located on the inner peripheral surface of the bore of the body 1.
When the buffer sleeve 5 is at the third preset position, the fifth channel 1e and the fifth liquid charging cavity 15 are in a blocking state; when the cushion collar 5 is located before the third preset position, the fifth channel 1e and the fifth liquid filling cavity 15 are in a conducting state, and the third preset position is located after the second preset position.
In operation, when the cushion collar 5 is located at the front of the third preset position (fig. 5 (c)), the liquid enters the fourth liquid filling cavity 10 along the path of the liquid return main channel 1b → the fifth channel 1e → the fifth liquid filling cavity 15; when the buffer sleeve 5 is at the third preset position, the fifth liquid filling cavity 15 forms a relatively closed cavity. Here, "before the third preset position (fig. 5 (c)) means a position located between the first preset position (fig. 5 (a)) or the first preset position (fig. 5 (a)) and the third preset position (fig. 5 (c)), including the second preset position (fig. 5 (b)).
In the foregoing embodiment, when the cushion collar 5 moves to the second preset position, if the shock reflection acting force cannot be counteracted, the cushion collar 5 will continue to move backwards, and under the premise that the second liquid filling chamber 9 is still in the buffering state, the passage between the fifth channel 1e and the fifth liquid filling chamber 15 is blocked, and the fifth liquid filling chamber 15 is relatively closed, so that the fifth liquid filling chamber 15 also plays a role of buffering. This application has realized the doublestage buffering through setting up second prefill chamber 9 and fifth prefill chamber 15, has promoted the reliability of buffering.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5 (a) to 5 (c), in order to achieve lubrication between the machine body 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the buffer sleeve 5, a third liquid filling cavity 7 is formed between the inner hole of the machine body 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the buffer sleeve 5, and the third liquid filling cavity 7 is located in front of the convex ring section B and is communicated with the liquid return main channel 1B.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5 (a) to 5 (c), in order to avoid liquid leakage, a second sealing ring 13 and a third sealing ring 14 are arranged between the outer circumferential surface of the buffer sleeve 5 and the machine body 1, the second sealing ring 13 is located in front of the first liquid charging chamber 8, and the third sealing ring 14 is located behind the fifth liquid charging chamber 15.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 (a) to 5 (c), the body 1 is formed with a sixth channel 1c, and the first liquid-filling chamber 8 is communicated with the liquid-returning main channel 1b through the sixth channel 1 c. This embodiment forms effectual liquid reposition of redundant personnel through setting up sixth passageway 1c, in the main entrance 1b department of returning liquid, has improved the stability that liquid flows, avoids appearing phenomenon production that increases circulation resistance such as turbulent flow, whirl.
Based on the same invention concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a rock drill, which comprises the piston buffer mechanism, the impact piston 2, the thrust sleeve 4 and the drill shank 3; the impact piston 2 is inserted in the central hole of the buffer sleeve 5 in a sliding manner; the thrust sleeve 4 is arranged in an inner hole of the machine body 1, is positioned on the front side of the buffer sleeve 5 and can enable the impact piston 2 to penetrate through; the drill bit shank 3 is inserted into the machine body 1 in a sliding mode and is located on the front side of the thrust sleeve 4, and the rear end of the drill bit shank 3 can abut against the front end of the thrust sleeve 4.
Compared with the prior art, the rock drill that this embodiment provided, through adopting foretell piston buffer mechanism for 5 can be quick respond to the shock reflection effect, and the cooperation forms the hydraulic cushion between organism 1, effectively avoid rock drill internals to cause the damage, and piston buffer mechanism overall structure is simple compact simultaneously, is favorable to the holistic miniaturized design of rock drill, reduces manufacturing cost.
It should be noted that, during the operation, the drill bit 3 rebounds and hits the front end of the thrust sleeve 4, causing the rebound of the thrust sleeve 4, and the impact reflection acting force borne by the buffer sleeve 5 mainly comes from the rebound impact of the thrust sleeve 4.
In some embodiments, the shank 3 has a tapered shank rear contact surface 3a, and correspondingly, the front portion of the thrust sleeve 4 is formed with a tapered front end contact surface 4a that is adapted to the shank rear contact surface 3 a; the rear end contact surface 4b of the thrust sleeve 4 and the front end cushion surface 5a of the corresponding cushion sleeve 5 are each provided as a plane substantially perpendicular to the front-rear direction. In this embodiment, the conical surface contact between the rear contact surface 3a and the front contact surface 4a of the shank adapter is beneficial to realizing stress dispersion on the thrust sleeve 4 and prolonging the service life of the thrust sleeve 4.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The piston buffer mechanism is characterized by comprising a machine body (1) and a buffer sleeve (5), wherein the buffer sleeve (5) is arranged in an inner hole of the machine body (1), and the periphery of an impact piston (2) is sleeved with the buffer sleeve (5);
the machine body (1) is provided with a liquid inlet main channel (1 a) and a liquid return main channel (1 b);
a convex ring section (B) is formed in the middle of the buffer sleeve (5) in a protruding mode, a first liquid filling cavity (8) is formed in front of an inner hole of the machine body (1) and the front end face of the convex ring section (B), and a second liquid filling cavity (9) is formed between the inner hole of the machine body (1) and the rear end face of the convex ring section (B);
the first liquid filling cavity (8) is communicated with the liquid return main channel (1 b), and the second liquid filling cavity (9) is communicated with the liquid inlet main channel (1 a);
a first channel (5 d) is formed in the buffer sleeve (5), the liquid outlet end of the first channel (5 d) is communicated with the first liquid filling cavity (8), and the liquid inlet end of the first channel is communicated with the second liquid filling cavity (9);
the rear port of the first channel (5 d) is positioned on the peripheral surface of the buffer sleeve (5), the front port of the main liquid inlet channel (1 a) is positioned on the rear side wall of the second liquid charging cavity (9), and the position of the buffer sleeve (5) in a non-buffer state is defined as a first preset position;
when the buffer sleeve (5) is at a first preset position, the first channel (5 d) and the second liquid charging cavity (9) are in a conducting state;
when the buffer sleeve (5) moves backwards to a second preset position, the first channel (5 d) and the second liquid filling cavity (9) are in a blocking state, and the second preset position is behind the first preset position.
2. The piston cushioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a third liquid charging chamber (7) is formed between the inner hole of the machine body (1) and the outer peripheral surface of the cushioning sleeve (5), the cushioning sleeve (5) has a radially extending pressure bearing surface, a fourth liquid charging chamber (10) is formed between the pressure bearing surface and the inner hole of the machine body (1), the third liquid charging chamber (7) is located in front of the convex ring section (B) and is communicated with the liquid return main channel (1B), and the fourth liquid charging chamber (10) is located behind the convex ring section (B);
the buffer sleeve (5) is provided with a second channel (5 b) and a third channel (5 c);
the front port of the second channel (5 b) is communicated with the third liquid charging cavity (7), the rear port of the second channel is communicated with the fourth liquid charging cavity (10), and the front port of the second channel (5 b) is positioned on the peripheral surface of the buffer sleeve (5);
when the buffer sleeve (5) is located in front of a third preset position, the second channel (5 b) and the third liquid filling cavity (7) are in a conducting state;
when the buffer sleeve (5) moves backwards to the third preset position, the second channel (5 b) and the third liquid filling cavity (7) are in a blocking state, and the third preset position is behind the second preset position;
a buffer gap (11) is formed between the inner hole of the buffer sleeve (5) and the peripheral surface of the impact piston (2), the buffer gap (11) is communicated with the fourth liquid filling cavity (10), and the third channel (5 c) is communicated with the buffer gap (11) and the liquid return main channel (1 b).
3. A piston cushioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure-bearing surface is the rear end surface of the cushioning sleeve (5).
4. A piston buffering mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the buffering sleeve (5) is formed with a lubrication passage (5 e), and the lubrication passage (5 e) communicates with the fourth charging chamber (10) and a gap between the outer circumferential surface of the buffering sleeve (5) and the machine body (1).
5. Piston cushioning mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that said body (1) is formed with a fourth channel (1 d) communicating with said main inlet channel (1 a);
when the buffer sleeve (5) is at the third preset position, the lubricating channel (5 e) and the fourth channel (1 d) are in a conducting state;
when the buffer sleeve (5) is located in front of the third preset position, the lubricating channel (5 e) and the fourth channel (1 d) are in a blocking state.
6. The piston cushioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the cushioning sleeve (5) is formed with a stepped ring groove behind the convex ring section (B), the front end surface of the stepped ring groove forms a pressure bearing surface, and a fifth liquid filling cavity (15) is formed between the stepped ring groove and the inner hole of the machine body (1);
a fifth channel (1 e) communicated with the main liquid return channel (1 b) is formed in the machine body (1), and the inlet end of the fifth channel (1 e) is positioned on the inner peripheral surface of an inner hole of the machine body (1);
when the buffer sleeve (5) is at a third preset position, the fifth channel (1 e) and the fifth liquid filling cavity (15) are in a blocking state;
when the buffer sleeve (5) is located in front of the third preset position, the fifth channel (1 e) and the fifth liquid filling cavity (15) are in a conducting state, and the third preset position is located behind the second preset position.
7. The piston cushioning mechanism of claim 6, characterized in that a second sealing ring (13) and a third sealing ring (14) are arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the cushioning sleeve (5) and the machine body (1), the second sealing ring (13) is located in front of the first liquid charging chamber (8), and the third sealing ring (14) is located behind the fifth liquid charging chamber (15).
8. Piston cushioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that a first sealing ring (6) is arranged in the cushioning gap (11), said first sealing ring (6) being located before the first filling chamber (8).
9. Piston cushioning mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the body (1) is formed with a sixth channel (1 c), the first charging chamber (8) communicating with the main return channel (1 b) through the sixth channel (1 c).
10. A rock drill, characterized by comprising:
the piston cushioning mechanism of any of claims 1-9;
the impact piston (2) is inserted into the central hole of the buffer sleeve (5) in a sliding manner;
the thrust sleeve (4) is arranged in an inner hole of the machine body (1), is positioned on the front side of the buffer sleeve (5), and can enable the impact piston (2) to penetrate through; and
the drill bit shank (3) is inserted into the machine body (1) in a sliding mode and is located on the front side of the thrust sleeve (4), and the rear end of the drill bit shank (3) can be abutted to the front end of the thrust sleeve (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210059815.1A CN114562196B (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Piston buffer mechanism and rock drill |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210059815.1A CN114562196B (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Piston buffer mechanism and rock drill |
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| CN114562196A CN114562196A (en) | 2022-05-31 |
| CN114562196B true CN114562196B (en) | 2022-12-09 |
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| CN202210059815.1A Active CN114562196B (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Piston buffer mechanism and rock drill |
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| CN115788275B (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-09-19 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | Error-proofing installation system and method based on hydraulic rock drill bit tail thrust sleeve |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE10225061A1 (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2004-01-08 | Hilti Ag | Rock drill has liquid flushed pot-shaped drilling head having volume variable chamber with hydrodynamical narrow opening, axially moved with predetermined limits relative to drill rod |
| CN2800925Y (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-08-02 | 杨开 | Damper for slide |
| CN205153997U (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-04-13 | 山河智能装备股份有限公司 | Two buffer of hydraulic rock drill |
| CN107489723B (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-05-21 | 宁波一力减震器有限公司 | Damper with floating piston |
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