CN114561679A - Environment-friendly water-repellent oil-repellent aluminum alloy - Google Patents
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- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
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- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and provides an environment-friendly water-repellent and oil-repellent aluminum alloy aiming at the problem that a water-repellent and oil-repellent aluminum alloy modified by a fluorine-containing material is not friendly to the environment, which is obtained by electrochemically etching the aluminum alloy and then spraying a sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane solution with the concentration of 10-15wt% by plasma; the electrochemically etched aluminum alloy has an anodized aluminum surface with a high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure; the sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane is prepared by modifying microcrystalline cellulose and dimethyl silane by sodium lauryl sulfate, and the oil-proof performance of silicone oil is further improved by introducing oleophobic side chains on the surfaces of the microcrystalline cellulose and the silane, so that the aluminum alloy surface can achieve the effects of water and oil resistance; the raw materials are green and environment-friendly, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the production and application adapt to the environment-friendly idea advocated at present.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy.
Background
Aluminum and its alloys are important engineering materials due to their abundant properties, good ductility, low specific gravity and excellent electrical conductivity. They have been widely used in many fields, particularly in the sports, aerospace, transportation and civil industries. The aluminum after anodic oxidation has the advantages of high hardness, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and the like. After dyeing and coloring, the surface of the anodized aluminum also has colorful appearance and better decorative function. Therefore, anodized aluminum becomes one of the most widely used substrates in electronic products such as smart phones and tablet computers.
However, due to the porous characteristic of the surface of the anodized aluminum, pollutants such as fingerprints and sweat are easy to remain on the surface of the aluminum alloy in the using process, the oil splashing prevention performance is poor, and the pollutants are extremely difficult to remove. In order to solve the problems, the industry coats the fluoropolymer with lower surface free energy on the surface of the anodic aluminum oxide, and combines the fluoropolymer with the anodic aluminum oxide in a chemical bonding mode to change the chemical composition of the surface of the anodic aluminum oxide, so that the effect of reducing the surface free energy of the anodic aluminum oxide is achieved, dirt is difficult to adhere to the surface of an anodic aluminum oxide product, and the effects of antifouling, water and oil proofing and fingerprint proofing of the anodic aluminum oxide are achieved. Specifically, in the practical application process, a fluorine-containing organic compound group is introduced into a polyacrylate polymer, and the fluorine-containing polyacrylate polymer not only retains the good bonding and film-forming properties of the polyacrylic polymer, but also can utilize the property of the ultra-low surface free energy of a fluorine substituted chain segment, so that the fluorine-containing polyacrylic polymer has good antifouling, waterproof, oilproof and fingerprint-proof effects.
The Chinese application number 201610285148.3 discloses a core-shell type fluorine-containing nano emulsion and a preparation method and application thereof, and provides the core-shell type fluorine-containing nano emulsion, wherein a polymer micelle in the emulsion has a core-shell structure and contains a phase separation promoter, so that the dosage of a fluorine-containing acrylate monomer is reduced, and a large amount of fluorine-containing molecular fragments are ensured to be positioned on the surface of anodic alumina during application, and the antifouling, waterproof and oilproof effects and the fingerprint-proof effects are endowed on the surface of the anodic alumina; however, the fluorine-containing material adopted by the invention for treating aluminum is not environment-friendly and is not suitable for long-term production and use.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly water-repellent and oil-repellent aluminum alloy, which solves the problem that a water-repellent and oil-repellent aluminum alloy modified by a fluorine-containing material is not environment-friendly.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy which is obtained by carrying out electrochemical etching on an aluminum alloy and then carrying out plasma spraying on a sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane solution with the concentration of 10-15 wt%;
the electrochemically etched aluminum alloy has an anodized aluminum surface with a high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure;
the sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane is prepared by modifying microcrystalline cellulose and dimethyl silane by sodium lauryl sulfate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following scheme:
a preparation method of an environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonically cleaning the aluminum alloy to remove pollutant residues on the surface, and airing for later use;
(2) placing an aluminum alloy in a direct current power supply anode, oxidizing a carbon plate in an electrolyte solution under the condition of a constant voltage of 5V by using a cathode material, taking out the oxidized aluminum alloy material, placing the aluminum alloy material in water for ultrasonic treatment, and drying the aluminum alloy material by hot air to obtain the aluminum alloy with the high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure anodic aluminum oxide surface;
(3) dissolving dimethyl siloxane in a solvent at room temperature by stirring to obtain a silicon solution, then adding microcrystalline cellulose into the silicon solution, and violently and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension;
(4) adding acetic acid into a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water to adjust the pH value to 4-5, adding sodium lauryl sulfate, stirring for 30-40min in a constant-temperature water bath at 40 ℃ to obtain a uniform solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension for 10min, adding the solution into the solution for reaction, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain a sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound;
(5) and (3) plasma spraying the aqueous solution of 10-15wt% of sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound and the balance of water, and drying to obtain the water and oil repellent aluminum alloy.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy in the step (1) is 2024 aluminum.
Preferably, the electrolyte solution in step (2) is prepared from 5-10wt% of sodium nitrate, 10-20wt% of sodium phosphate, 5-10wt% of sodium perchlorate and the balance of water by stirring until dissolved.
Preferably, the oxidation time in the step (2) is 2-3h, the ultrasonic treatment is 15-20min, and the hot air temperature is 38-45 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the dimethyl siloxane to the deionized water to the microcrystalline cellulose is 30-40:75-84:12-15, and the stirring time is 10-20min
Preferably, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the deionized water in the step (4) is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the mixed solution, the sodium lauryl sulfonate and the silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension is 100: 130:3-5: 85-90.
Preferably, the reaction condition in the step (4) is stirring at 60 ℃ for 2-3h, and the drying condition is drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 6-8 h.
Preferably, the drying treatment in the step (5) is carried out at 180 ℃ for 1-2 h.
Compared with the prior art, the method of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the environment-friendly water-repellent and oil-repellent aluminum alloy provided by the invention is obtained by oxidizing the surface of the aluminum alloy into a high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure through anodic oxidation and then spraying a sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane solution through plasma, and as the surface of the aluminum alloy has micro-scale hydrophobic pore channels, the sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane is immersed in micropores, and oleophobic side chains are introduced to the surfaces of the microcrystalline cellulose and the silane, the oil-proof performance of silicone oil is further improved, so that the surface of the aluminum alloy achieves the water-repellent and oil-repellent effect, and has better stability and service life.
(2) The environment-friendly water-repellent and oil-repellent aluminum alloy provided by the invention is environment-friendly, and the oil-repellent and water-repellent agent prepared from microcrystalline cellulose, dimethylsilane and sodium lauryl sulfonate is environment-friendly, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the production application adapts to the currently advocated environment-friendly concept.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of an environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonically cleaning 2024 aluminum to remove pollutant residues on the surface, and airing for later use;
(2) placing the 2024 aluminum obtained in the step (1) in a direct-current power supply anode, oxidizing a carbon plate in an electrolyte solution for 2h under a constant voltage condition of 5V by using a cathode material, wherein the electrolyte solution is prepared by taking the oxidized 2024 aluminum material out, placing the oxidized 2024 aluminum material in water for ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and drying the aluminum material by using hot air at the temperature of 38 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy with the high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure anodic aluminum oxide surface, wherein the electrolyte solution is prepared by oxidizing 5wt% of sodium nitrate, 10wt% of sodium phosphate and 5wt% of sodium perchlorate and the balance of water until the aluminum material is dissolved;
(3) dissolving 30g of dimethyl siloxane in 75g of deionized water at room temperature by stirring to obtain a silicon solution, then adding 12g of microcrystalline cellulose into the silicon solution, and violently stirring for 10min at room temperature to obtain a silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension;
(4) weighing 70g of ethanol and 70g of deionized water, mixing, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4 to obtain a mixed solution, taking 100g of the mixed solution, adding 3g of sodium lauryl sulfate, stirring for 30min in a 40 ℃ constant-temperature water bath to obtain a uniform solution, performing ultrasonic treatment on 85g of silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension for 10min, adding the solution into the solution, stirring for 2h at 60 ℃ to perform reaction, washing the solution cleanly by centrifugation and deionized water, and drying for 6h in a 60 ℃ drying oven to obtain a sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound;
(5) and (3) plasma spraying a solution of 10wt% of sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound and the balance of water, and drying at 180 ℃ for 1h to obtain the water and oil repellent aluminum alloy.
Example 2
A preparation method of an environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonically cleaning 2024 aluminum to remove pollutant residues on the surface, and airing for later use;
(2) placing the 2024 aluminum obtained in the step (1) in a direct-current power supply anode, oxidizing a carbon plate in an electrolyte solution for 2.5 hours under the condition of a constant voltage of 5V by using a cathode material, stirring the electrolyte solution until the electrolyte solution is dissolved, taking out the oxidized 2024 aluminum material, placing the aluminum material in water for ultrasonic treatment for 18 minutes, and drying the aluminum material by using hot air at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy with the high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure anodic aluminum oxide surface;
(3) dissolving 33g of dimethyl siloxane in 78g of deionized water at room temperature by stirring to obtain a silicon solution, then adding 13g of microcrystalline cellulose into the silicon solution, and violently stirring for 15min at room temperature to obtain a silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension;
(4) weighing 80g of ethanol and 80g of deionized water, mixing, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4.5 to obtain a mixed solution, taking 110g of the mixed solution, adding 3.5g of sodium lauryl sulfate, stirring for 35min in a constant-temperature water bath at 40 ℃ to obtain a uniform solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 87g of silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension for 10min, adding the solution into the solution, stirring for 2h at 60 ℃ to carry out reaction, washing the solution cleanly by centrifugation and deionized water, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 7h to obtain a sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound;
(5) and (3) plasma spraying a solution of the sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound with the concentration of 11wt% and the balance of water, and drying at 180 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain the water and oil repellent aluminum alloy.
Example 3
A preparation method of an environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on 2024 aluminum to remove pollutant residues on the surface, and airing for later use;
(2) placing the 2024 aluminum obtained in the step (1) in a direct-current power supply anode, oxidizing a carbon plate in an electrolyte solution for 3 hours under the condition of a constant voltage of 5V by using a cathode material, wherein the electrolyte solution is prepared by taking the oxidized 2024 aluminum material out, placing the oxidized 2024 aluminum material in water for ultrasonic treatment for 16 minutes, and drying the aluminum material by using hot air at the temperature of 41 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy with the high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure anodic aluminum oxide surface, wherein the electrolyte solution is prepared by oxidizing 7wt% of sodium nitrate, 15wt% of sodium phosphate and 7wt% of sodium perchlorate and the balance of water until the aluminum material is dissolved;
(3) dissolving 35g of dimethyl siloxane in 80g of deionized water at room temperature by stirring to obtain a silicon solution, then adding 14g of microcrystalline cellulose into the silicon solution, and violently stirring for 15min at room temperature to obtain a silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension;
(4) weighing 90g of ethanol and 90g of deionized water, mixing, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 5 to obtain a mixed solution, taking 120g of the mixed solution, adding 4g of sodium lauryl sulfate, stirring for 38min in a 40 ℃ constant-temperature water bath to obtain a uniform solution, performing ultrasonic treatment on 88g of silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension for 10min, adding the solution into the solution, stirring for 3h at 60 ℃ to perform reaction, washing the solution cleanly by centrifugation and deionized water, and drying for 8h in a 60 ℃ drying oven to obtain a sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound;
(5) and (3) plasma spraying a solution of sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound with the concentration of 13wt% and the balance of water, and drying at 180 ℃ for 2h to obtain the water-repellent and oil-repellent aluminum alloy.
Example 4
A preparation method of an environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonically cleaning 2024 aluminum to remove pollutant residues on the surface, and airing for later use;
(2) placing the 2024 aluminum obtained in the step (1) in a direct-current power supply anode, oxidizing a carbon plate in an electrolyte solution for 3 hours under the condition of a constant voltage of 5V by using a cathode material, wherein the electrolyte solution is prepared by taking the oxidized 2024 aluminum material out, placing the oxidized 2024 aluminum material in water for ultrasonic treatment for 20 minutes, and drying the aluminum material by using hot air at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy with the high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure anodic aluminum oxide surface, wherein the electrolyte solution is prepared by oxidizing 10wt% of sodium nitrate, 20wt% of sodium phosphate and 10wt% of sodium perchlorate and the balance of water until the aluminum material is dissolved;
(5) and (3) plasma spraying a solution of 15wt% of sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound and the balance of water, and drying at 180 ℃ for 2h to obtain the water-repellent oil-repellent aluminum alloy.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of an environment-friendly modified aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonically cleaning 2024 aluminum to remove pollutant residues on the surface, and airing for later use;
(2) placing the 2024 aluminum obtained in the step (1) in a direct-current power supply anode, oxidizing a carbon plate in an electrolyte solution for 2h under a constant voltage condition of 5V by using a cathode material, wherein the electrolyte solution is prepared by taking the oxidized 2024 aluminum material out, placing the oxidized 2024 aluminum material in water for ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and drying the aluminum material by using hot air at the temperature of 38 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy with the high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure anodic aluminum oxide surface, wherein the electrolyte solution is prepared by oxidizing 5wt% of sodium nitrate, 10wt% of sodium phosphate and 5wt% of sodium perchlorate and the balance of water until the aluminum material is dissolved;
(3) dissolving 30g of dimethyl siloxane in 75g of deionized water at room temperature by stirring to obtain a silicon solution;
(4) plasma spraying silicon solution, and drying at 180 ℃ for 2h to obtain the modified aluminum alloy.
The original aluminum substrate, the water and oil repellent aluminum alloys prepared in examples 1 to 4, and the modified aluminum substrate obtained in comparative example 1 were subjected to water and oil repellency tests:
the wettability of the original aluminum substrate, the water and oil repellent aluminum alloys prepared in examples 1 to 4, and the surface of comparative example 1 was evaluated using water and hexadecane as liquid probes, the Water Contact Angle (WCA) and the Oil Contact Angle (OCA) of the surface were measured, and the Water Contact Angle (WCA) and the Oil Contact Angle (OCA) of the surface of the sample were again tested by immersing the sample in strongly corrosive solutions of different pH, and the measurement results are shown in table 1:
table 1:
as can be seen from table 1, the water and oil repellent aluminum alloys prepared in examples 1 to 4 have better hydrophobicity and oleophobicity than the original aluminum substrate and the modified aluminum substrate obtained in comparative example 1, and the water and oil repellent aluminum alloys can still maintain better hydrophobicity and oleophobicity after being soaked at different pH, which indicates that the oil resistance of silicone oil is further improved by introducing oleophobic side chains on the surfaces of microcrystalline cellulose and silane, so that the aluminum alloy surface finally achieves the water and oil repellent effect and has better stability and service life.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The environment-friendly water-repellent oil-repellent aluminum alloy is characterized by being prepared by carrying out electrochemical etching on an aluminum alloy and then carrying out plasma spraying on a sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane solution with the concentration of 10-15 wt%;
the electrochemically etched aluminum alloy has an anodized aluminum surface with a high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure;
the sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane is prepared by modifying microcrystalline cellulose and dimethyl silane by sodium lauryl sulfate.
2. The method for preparing the environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) ultrasonically cleaning the aluminum alloy to remove pollutant residues on the surface, and airing for later use;
(2) placing an aluminum alloy in a direct current power supply anode, oxidizing a carbon plate in an electrolyte solution under the condition of a constant voltage of 5V by using a cathode material, taking out the oxidized aluminum alloy material, placing the aluminum alloy material in water for ultrasonic treatment, and drying the aluminum alloy material by hot air to obtain the aluminum alloy with the high-roughness complex micro-nano binary composite structure anodic aluminum oxide surface;
(3) dissolving dimethyl siloxane in a solvent at room temperature by stirring to obtain a silicon solution, then adding microcrystalline cellulose into the silicon solution, and violently and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension;
(4) adding acetic acid into a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water to adjust the pH value to 4-5, adding sodium lauryl sulfate, stirring for 30-40min in a constant-temperature water bath at 40 ℃ to obtain a uniform solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension for 10min, adding the solution into the solution for reaction, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain a sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound;
(5) and (3) plasma spraying the aqueous solution of 10-15wt% of sulfonated microcrystalline cellulose/silane compound and the balance of water, and drying to obtain the water and oil repellent aluminum alloy.
3. The method for preparing the environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the aluminum alloy in the step (1) is 2024 aluminum.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the electrolyte solution in step (2) is prepared from 5-10wt% of sodium nitrate, 10-20wt% of sodium phosphate, 5-10wt% of sodium perchlorate and the balance of water, and is stirred until dissolved.
5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the oxidation time in the step (2) is 2-3h, the ultrasonic treatment is 15-20min, and the hot air temperature is 38-45 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the dimethyl siloxane to the deionized water to the microcrystalline cellulose in the step (3) is 30-40:75-84:12-15, and the stirring time is 10-20 min.
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the ethanol to the deionized water in the step (4) is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the mixed solution, the sodium lauryl sulfonate and the silane/microcrystalline cellulose suspension is 100: 130:3-5: 85-90.
8. The method for preparing the environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reaction condition in the step (4) is stirring at 60 ℃ for 2-3h, and the drying condition is drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 6-8 h.
9. The method for preparing the environment-friendly water and oil repellent aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying treatment condition in the step (5) is treatment at 180 ℃ for 1-2 h.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116463705A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-07-21 | 江阴旭初科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material for solar photovoltaic frame and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105670500A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-06-15 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of zinc oxide and cellulose nanocrystal composite super-hydrophobic coating |
| CN110951289A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-03 | 怀化学院 | Wear-resistant hydrophobic aluminum alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
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2022
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| CN105670500A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-06-15 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of zinc oxide and cellulose nanocrystal composite super-hydrophobic coating |
| CN110951289A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-03 | 怀化学院 | Wear-resistant hydrophobic aluminum alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 上海市化轻公司第二化工供应部: "《精细有机合成单元反应与合成设计》", 哈尔滨工业大学出版社, pages: 433 - 203 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116463705A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-07-21 | 江阴旭初科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material for solar photovoltaic frame and preparation method thereof |
| CN116463705B (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-11-21 | 江阴旭初科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material for solar photovoltaic frame and preparation method thereof |
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