CN114561182B - Aldehyde-free adhesive and application thereof, veneer faced artificial board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aldehyde-free adhesive and application thereof, veneer faced artificial board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114561182B CN114561182B CN202011361284.9A CN202011361284A CN114561182B CN 114561182 B CN114561182 B CN 114561182B CN 202011361284 A CN202011361284 A CN 202011361284A CN 114561182 B CN114561182 B CN 114561182B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
- B27G11/00—Applying adhesives or glue to surfaces of wood to be joined
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
Abstract
The invention discloses an aldehyde-free adhesive and application thereof, and a veneer faced artificial board and a preparation method thereof. The formaldehyde-free binder comprises the following components: (a) 100 parts by mass of isocyanate; (b) 0.5-10 parts by mass of alkali metal gallium iodate fluoride; (c) 10-50 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol; (d) 30-100 parts by mass of powder filler; 0.5-3 parts by mass of (e) preservative. The formaldehyde-free adhesive is used for veneer veneering, and can solve the problem of bonding a hot pressing plate caused by glue solution permeation; meanwhile, the problems of high formaldehyde content and complex process of the existing decorative veneer adhesive are solved. The adhesive veneer has the characteristics of good water resistance, no formaldehyde and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of artificial boards, in particular to a veneer faced artificial board and an aldehyde-free adhesive.
Background
Wood composite artificial boards such as wood floors, fiber boards and plywood are one of the most used materials in interior decoration and furniture, and the Chinese yield has been the leading of the world for many years. The existing adhesive for the artificial board is mainly urea-formaldehyde resin, phenolic resin, melamine resin and the like containing formaldehyde, and the trialdehyde adhesive can release free phenol, formaldehyde and other substances harmful to human bodies during production and use. In the indoor decoration and furniture boards, formaldehyde is not completely condensed, the cured resin is hydrolyzed or decomposed to release free formaldehyde, the free formaldehyde is gradually emitted to the periphery to pollute the indoor environment, and the formaldehyde is continuously released for 10-15 years. In 2017, china modifies 'mandatory national standard GB/T18580' of 'limit of formaldehyde release in artificial boards and products of interior decoration materials', and the limit of formaldehyde is more strict. Thus, the formaldehyde-free artificial board is a trend of future development.
The formaldehyde-free artificial board is a product such as a shaving board, an oriented shaving board, a plywood and a fiberboard produced by adopting formaldehyde-free adhesives such as isocyanate, bean gum and aqueous polymer emulsion, has the environmental protection characteristic of no formaldehyde addition, and is deeply favored by wide consumers. The surfaces of the formaldehyde-free shaving board and the fiber board are single in color, so that the formaldehyde-free shaving board and the fiber board have no complete solid wood patterns; the formaldehyde-free plywood produced by using inferior logs or fast-growing tree seeds as raw materials has monotonous surface patterns, needs to be faced with different types of decorative paper, veneer and other materials to beautify the appearance, covers part of defects on the surface of the formaldehyde-free artificial board, and improves the use value and the attractiveness.
The veneer is made up by using precious wood with beautiful grain or imitation precious wood made by artificial method, and making it pass through the processes of planing (or rotary cutting) to obtain the veneer with various patterns, and sticking it on the base material of artificial board. The veneer veneering decoration is carried out on the artificial board base material, so that the appearance quality of the artificial board product can be improved, and the physical and mechanical properties of the artificial board product can be improved, thereby expanding the application of the artificial board product and being an effective measure for improving the wood utilization rate.
The adhesives used in the veneer veneering decoration process of the artificial board comprise urea formaldehyde resin adhesives (UF), white latex (PVAc) and mixed adhesives of the urea formaldehyde adhesives and the white latex, and have the defects of large formaldehyde release amount, poor water resistance and the like; when veneers with the thickness of less than 0.6mm are used for veneering, the problems of glue penetration, steel plate adhesion, damaged plate surface, difficult cleaning of glue stains and the like exist, and the surface quality of the decorative plate is affected.
The patent CN104140773B discloses a repairable veneer overlaying adhesive and a synthesis method thereof, wherein the main components of the adhesive comprise tap water, polyvinyl alcohol, industrial gelatin, an emulsifying agent, an initiating agent, methacrylic acid, N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide, vinyl acetate, bis (N-ethyleneureidoethyl) maleate, bayer aqueous polyurethane resin, a plasticizing agent, a buffering agent, a defoaming agent and a preservative. The veneer adhesive has certain repairability, but has poor water resistance and is easy to permeate, so that the surface of a slab is polluted.
Patent CN106985037A discloses a dry adhesive formaldehyde-free veneer facing decorative board and a production process thereof, and relates to the technical field of artificial board facing, wherein the production process comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a substrate; (2) selecting an adhesive material; (3) preparing blank; (4) hot pressing; (5) cold pressing; and (6) post-processing. The dry adhesive formaldehyde-free coating-free veneer veneered decorative board is environment-friendly, has no pollution gas emission, solves the problem that the traditional adhesive is easy to penetrate, and has better water resistance. However, the operation process is complex, and the plate blank needs to be cooled by hot pressing and then cold pressing; the veneer layer has no initial viscosity, the panel is difficult to fix and easy to deviate.
The patent CN106393297A discloses a manufacturing method of an anti-abrasion polyurethane impregnated decorative paper veneered formaldehyde-free glue artificial board, which has the environment-friendly characteristic of no formaldehyde addition, can solve the problem of free formaldehyde and improves the indoor environment quality; the addition of 1-5% nano cellulose whisker into the formaldehyde-free polyurethane resin can improve the surface wear resistance and expand the application range of the formaldehyde-free artificial board. However, the direct hot pressing of the overlay paper can adhere to the hot pressed steel plate, so that the surface of the plate blank is polluted.
Patent CN109233685a discloses an environment-friendly adhesive for plywood, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of starch, 8-15 parts of isocyanate, 1-3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 10-20 parts of palm oil. The release amount of the aldehyde for plate making by using the adhesive is zero. When the adhesive is used for veneering a sheet, the adhesive solution is easy to permeate, so that the surface of a plate blank is bonded with a hot-pressing plate, and the surface of the plate blank is damaged after separation.
Patent CN110053125a discloses a method for manufacturing a PP film faced composite floor, the composite floor comprises a PP film surface layer, an aldehyde-free adhesive layer and a multi-layer substrate layer from top to bottom, the method comprises the following steps: carrying out plasma and coating treatment on the back of the PP film to obtain a PP film surface layer; coating soybean formaldehyde-free glue criss-cross assembly, and preparing a multi-layer substrate layer after cold pressing and hot pressing; and coating the front surface of the multilayer substrate layer with an aldehyde-free adhesive, bonding the front surface of the multilayer substrate layer with the back surface of the PP film, and performing cold pressing and hot pressing to form the PP film veneered multilayer composite floor. The formaldehyde-free floor prepared by the invention has the characteristics of environmental protection and formaldehyde-free, but has complex glue making and plate making operation process, large glue coating amount and higher cost.
Therefore, an adhesive is needed to solve the problem of steel plate adhesion in veneer overlaying process, and meanwhile, the product is formaldehyde-free and environment-friendly and has good water resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aldehyde-free adhesive, which can meet the requirements of no surface pollution and no adhesion of hot-pressed steel plates when veneer veneering is carried out, and meanwhile, the product is aldehyde-free and environment-friendly, and the water-resistant grade meets the requirements of class I plates.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an aldehyde-free adhesive for decorating veneer veneers, comprising the following components:
(a) 100 parts by mass of isocyanate;
(b) 0.5 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 1 to 5 parts by mass, of an alkali metal gallium iodate fluoride;
(c) 10-50 parts by mass, preferably 20-40 parts by mass, of polyvinyl alcohol;
(d) 30-100 parts by mass, preferably 40-80 parts by mass, of powder filler;
(e) 0.5 to 3 parts by mass, preferably 1 to 2 parts by mass of a preservative.
The isocyanate component (a) of the present invention includes a wide variety of types, and one or more of them may be selected. Isocyanate refers to a compound having an isocyanate (-NCO) group in its structure. Polyisocyanates can be divided into four general classes according to the structural characteristics of the isocyanate groups attached to the carbon atoms: aromatic polyisocyanates (e.g., toluene diisocyanate, TDI), aliphatic polyisocyanates (hexamethylene diisocyanate, HDI), araliphatic polyisocyanates (i.e., aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, often polymethylene groups, such as xylylene diisocyanate, XDI, are intercalated between the aryl groups and the polyisocyanate groups), and cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates (i.e., with multiple isocyanate groups on the cycloalkane, such as isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI) are four broad classes. Polyfunctional isocyanates that employ any one of the four broad classes or combinations thereof are within the scope of the present disclosure. Aromatic isocyanates which are relatively inexpensive are preferred, including Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (polymeric MDI or PMDI). The adhesive widely used in the artificial board industry is polymeric MDI, known as polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate.
PMDI is a mixture of polyisocyanates of varying functionality, wherein the diisocyanate (i.e., MDI) comprises about 40% of the mixture, and the MDI structure is dominated by 4,4'-MDI, possibly with small amounts of 2,4' -MDI isomers. The remainder of the PMDI is a 3-5 functionality low polymerization degree polyisocyanate, the PMDI has an average molecular weight of 320-420, an average functionality of 2.5-3.0, and a viscosity of about 150-250cP at 25 ℃. In the present invention, the isocyanate component (a) is used in an amount of 100 parts by mass.
The component (b) is one or more of alkali metal gallium iodate fluoride, and can be LiGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 、NaGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 、KGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 Etc., preferably LiGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 。
Alkali metal gallium iodate fluoride is a complex compound whose crystal structure contains a novel two-dimensional anionic layer, i.e. [ GaF ] 2 (IO 3 ) 2 ] - A layer. The two-dimensional layer is composed of [ Ga ] 2 F 4 (IO 3 ) 6 ] 4- The dimer is obtained by further bridging iodate groups, and can be synthesized by a hydrothermal method. XGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 (X represents alkali metal) can ionize in the adhesive of the invention, and the high valence iodine and gallium element in the two-dimensional anion layer can cooperate to have good adsorption effect on isocyanate, reduce the penetration of isocyanate in wood, reduce the isocyanate on the surface of the veneer, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of sticking steel plates in the hot pressing process; in addition, the two-dimensional anion layer can effectively adsorb active hydrogen, and reduce the reaction of-NCO and the active hydrogen, so that the pre-solidification of the glue solution at room temperature is reduced, and the effect of improving the strength is achieved.
The component (c) is polyvinyl alcohol, and one or more of polyvinyl alcohol 1788, 1799, 2488, 2499 or modified polyvinyl alcohol can be selected. Polyvinyl alcohol is a polymer material with a plurality of unique properties, white flaky, flocculent or powdery solid, is odorless, various in variety and wide in application. For example, it is used in the fields of textile sizing agents, paper treatment agents, emulsifying dispersants, binders, films and the like. However, the polyvinyl alcohol water-soluble film produced by the conventional method is hardly soluble or even insoluble at a low temperature of 5 ℃.
Although the polyvinyl alcohol has water solubility, the solubility is not very good, and some types of polyvinyl alcohol need to be dissolved by heating for several hours under stirring in water. In order to enable the polyvinyl alcohol packaging film to have the effect of low-temperature instant dissolution, two methods of properly reducing hydroxyl groups or increasing molecular spacing are adopted, and water-soluble anionic groups are introduced into the molecular chain of the polyvinyl alcohol so as to enhance the dissolution performance.
The component (c) of the invention selects the amido modified instant polyvinyl alcohol 2488, which can be stirred and dissolved in cold water, thus saving the glue distributing time of the component A.
The powder filler of the component (d) is a common filler for composite artificial board making, and one or more of starch, wheat flour, corncob powder, shell powder, diatomite powder, kaolin powder, titanium pigment, talcum powder and calcium carbonate powder can be selected. In the preparation process of the glue for the common composite artificial board, plant starch protein powder is required to be added, so that on one hand, the solid content of the glue solution can be increased, and the introduction of water in the sizing process can be reduced; on the other hand, the plant starch protein powder can also be used as glue solution to provide initial viscosity, so that the cold-pressed plate blank has better formability, and the upper plate operation in the hot pressing process is convenient.
Component (d) according to the invention is preferably wheat flour as viscosity-regulating filler.
The preservative in the component (e) can be one or more of potassium sorbate, sodium nitrite, calcium propionate, benzoic acid and salts thereof, dehydroacetic acid and sodium salts, parahydroxybenzoates, sodium diacetate and sodium lactate. Preservatives are a class of food additives that inhibit microbial activity and prevent spoilage of foods. To provide a certain shelf life to the solution, measures must be taken to prevent the infection and proliferation of microorganisms. The use of preservatives has proven to be one of the most economical, effective and straightforward approaches to achieving the above objectives. The principle of preservation by preservatives is roughly 3 as follows: 1. is an enzyme system which interferes with microorganisms, destroys normal metabolism of the microorganisms, and inhibits the activity of the enzymes. 2. Is to coagulate and denature the protein of the microorganism, interfering with its survival and reproduction. 3. Is to change the permeability of the plasma membrane, inhibit the elimination of enzymes and metabolites in the body, and lead to the inactivation of the plasma membrane. The filler in the component A is organic matter, and the problem of mildew can be caused without adding preservative.
The calcium propionate is white crystalline particles or powder, has no odor or slightly has slight propionic odor, is stable to light and heat, is easy to dissolve in water, can be well dispersed in the component A, and has good inhibition effect on mold. Potassium sorbate is an acidic preservative, has higher antibacterial property and can inhibit the growth and propagation of mould, and the potassium sorbate can inhibit microorganisms and play a role in corrosion prevention mainly by inhibiting a dehydrogenase system in microorganisms. Has inhibiting effect on bacteria, mold and yeast. The antiseptic effect is obviously higher than that of benzoic acid and is 5-10 times of that of benzoate. The toxicity of the product is low, which is equivalent to half of common salt. The preservative effect is weakened with the rise of the pH value, and the preservative effect is optimal at the pH value of=3. The pH value reaches 6, the antibacterial capacity is still achieved, but the lowest concentration cannot be lower than 0.2%.
The preservative in component (e) of the present invention is preferably calcium propionate.
The invention also discloses a veneer overlaying method by using the formaldehyde-free adhesive, which comprises the following steps:
s1: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol into water under the condition of stirring, and adding powder filler, preservative, isocyanate and alkali metal gallium iodate fluoride after complete dissolution to obtain an adhesive;
s2: the plate prepared from the bean glue or the isocyanate-based adhesive is selected as a base material, and the surface finish is improved by sanding;
s3: applying the adhesive in S1 to the substrate surface by any one or more of roll coating, knife coating, curtain coating, or spraying;
s4: paving the thin-tech wood or Bao Shimu on the surface of the base material, and performing the processes of ageing, cold pressing, repairing, hot pressing and cutting to obtain the veneered artificial board.
In the S2 of the invention, the artificial board substrate used in the artificial board substrate layer is one of a plywood, a medium density fiberboard, a shaving board and a joinery board, and the water content of the substrate is 6-12%.
In the S3 of the invention, the glue coating amount is 80-200g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The thickness of the veneer technical wood or the solid wood in the S4 is 0.2-1.2 mm.
In the method for preparing the composite artificial board, the water in the step S1 is used in an amount of 300-500 parts by mass, preferably 350-450 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the component (a).
The formaldehyde-free adhesive is used for veneer veneering, and can solve the problem of bonding a hot pressing plate caused by glue solution permeation; meanwhile, the problems of high formaldehyde content and complex process of the existing decorative veneer adhesive are solved. The adhesive veneer has the characteristics of good water resistance, no formaldehyde and environmental protection.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are further described below in connection with the examples, but the invention is not limited to the examples set forth and is intended to include any other well known modifications within the scope of the claimed invention.
Polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate gum (PMDI): functionality about 2.7, viscosity at 25℃of 180-250cP, -NCO content 30.5-32wt%, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd;
wheat flour having a protein content of 18wt% and a fat content of 3wt% and belonging to the Goldlong food Co., ltd;
LiGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 synthesized by hydrothermal method, effective content>99%, shanghai Ala Biochemical technologies Co., ltd;
Ga(IO 3 ) 3 effective content of>99%, shanghai Ala Biochemical technologies Co., ltd;
perfluoroalkyl butanol, liquid, purity >99.9%, shanghai Ala Biochemical technologies Co., ltd;
instant PVA2488, white powder, 80-100 meshes, content not less than 98wt%, nibang New Material technology Co., ltd;
calcium propionate, white powder, 80-100 meshes, the content of effective substances is more than or equal to 99wt%, and Henan is a source-by-source industry Co., ltd;
aldehyde-free bean gum plywood, eucalyptus base material, thickness 14-15mm, water content 8-12 wt%, width 40cm, lu Li plywood factory;
poplar bark with thickness of 0.4mm, water content of 7-15%, width 40cm, lu Li plywood factory;
ortho Gu Manmu bark, thickness 0.2mm, water content 10-15%, width 40cm, bowei wood industry;
oak bark with thickness of 0.6mm, water content of 10-15%, width 40cm, and tin-free wood company Limited.
Examples 1 to 5
The method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Dissolving instant PVA2488 in water under stirring, and adding powder filler, antiseptic, isocyanate and LiGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 Obtaining an adhesive;
(2) Sanding the surface of the formaldehyde-free bean glue plywood;
(3) Uniformly coating the adhesive in the step (1) on the surface of the formaldehyde-free bean glue plywood substrate by using a scraper, wherein the coating amount is 150 or 200g/m on one side 2 ；
(4) Placing the assembled veneer in a shade place for 1h, and then carrying out cold pressing, wherein the pressure of a cold pressing surface is 0.4-0.7MPa, and the cold pressing time is 30min;
(5) After 2 hours, hot-pressing the veneer after cold pressing at the hot-pressing temperature of 110-120 ℃ and the hot-pressing surface pressure of 0.5-0.7MPa for 3 minutes;
(6) Cooling the veneer for 24 hours, taking 6 samples of 75mm according to the national standard GBT 17657-2013 artificial board and veneer artificial board physicochemical property test method, performing dipping and peeling test according to the I-type board test method, namely dipping the samples in boiling water for 4 hours, drying the samples in a drying box at 63 ℃ for 20 hours, dipping the samples in boiling water for 4 hours, taking the samples out, drying the samples in a drying box at 63 ℃ for 3 hours, and observing the peeling condition of the surface veneer; and testing the surface bonding strength of the sample according to the national standard.
The aldehyde-free veneer adhesive is prepared according to the formula (parts by mass) in table 1, the veneer test is carried out according to the veneer step after the adhesive preparation, and the veneer is selected from oak veneer with the thickness of 0.6mm, and the test parameters and test results are shown in table 2.
Table 1 examples 1-5 glue formulations
| PMDI | LiGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 | PVA2488 | Wheat flour | Calcium propionate | Water and its preparation method | |
| Example 1 | 100 | 1 | 20 | 40 | 1 | 400 |
| Examples2 | 100 | 5 | 20 | 40 | 1 | 400 |
| Example 3 | 100 | 3 | 40 | 40 | 1 | 400 |
| Example 4 | 100 | 5 | 20 | 80 | 1 | 400 |
| Example 5 | 100 | 1 | 20 | 40 | 2 | 400 |
Table 2 examples 1-5 overlay parameters and test results
From examples 1 to 5, the dosage of substances in the formula is adjusted within the range of the invention, the phenomenon of sticking hot-pressed steel plates does not exist in the process of veneering oak bark with the thickness of 0.6mm, and the plate making performance can meet the I-type dipping and stripping requirements, and the qualification rate is 100%. The surface bonding strength is above 1.20 MPa.
Examples 6 to 10
The formulation and the veneering procedure of example 1 were referenced for veneering the board, and the test parameters and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 examples 6-10 overlay parameters and test results
As can be seen from examples 6-10, when the formula disclosed by the invention is used for veneering veneer, steel plate sticking phenomenon is avoided in different tree species, different thicknesses and different glue coating amounts, the plate making performance can meet the I-type dipping and stripping requirements, and the qualification rate is 100%. The surface bonding strength is above 1.20 MPa.
Comparative examples 1 to 3
Comparative examples 1 to 3 the component (b) LiGaF according to the present invention 2 (IO 3 ) 2 Change to Ga (IO) 3 ) 3 The other components were unchanged, and the board veneering was performed with reference to the amounts and veneering steps in example 1, and the test parameters and test results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 comparative examples 1-3 overlay parameters and test results
As is clear from comparative examples 1 to 3, ga (IO) alone was used 3 ) 3 No LiGaF is used 2 (IO 3 ) 2 When PMDI glue penetrates to the surface of the veneer to react, the steel plate is bonded, and the veneer is immersedThe surface bonding strength of the cracked sample in the peeling test is reduced to below 1.0 MPa.
Comparative examples 4 to 6
Comparative examples 4 to 6 the component (b) LiGaF according to the present invention 2 (IO 3 ) 2 Change to Ga (IO) 3 ) 3 And perfluoroalkyl butanols, each using 1 part by mass, the other components were unchanged, and the panel veneering was performed with reference to the amounts and veneering steps in example 1, and the test parameters and test results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 comparative examples 4-6 overlay parameters and test results
As is clear from comparative examples 4 to 6, the addition of perfluoroalkyl butanol reduced the area ratio of the sticky plate, but did not prevent the sticky plate phenomenon, and the dip stripping qualification rate was all reduced as compared with example 1, the surface bonding strength was less than 1.0MPa, ga (IO) 3 ) 3 And perfluoroalkyl butanols do not provide for demolding and reduced pre-curing of two-dimensional anionic layer composite structures.
Comparative examples 7 to 9
Comparative examples 7-9 the substances in example 1 of patent CN109233685a were compounded using the proportions and synthesis process, and the veneering procedure of example 1 was followed to laminate the panel, with the test parameters and test results shown in table 6.
Table 6 Compare 7-9 overlay parameters and test results
As is clear from comparative examples 7 to 9, the prior art formaldehyde-free glue is faced, and the steel plates are seriously stuck during hot pressing due to the isocyanate component, so that the qualification rate of the products cannot reach 100 percent.
Comparative examples 10 to 12
Comparative examples 10-12 the compound of example 1 of patent CN104140773B was formulated using the proportions and synthesis process, and the board was laminated with the laminating step of example 1, and the test parameters and test results are shown in table 7.
Table 7 comparative examples 10-12 overlay parameters and test results
As is clear from comparative examples 10 to 12, the non-formaldehyde adhesive according to the prior art is used for the facing, and does not contain isocyanate component, and although it does not adhere to steel plate during hot pressing, the water resistance of the product is poor and the I-type requirement cannot be met.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only described as preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention or equivalent substitutions should be made, all fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (11)
1. An aldehyde-free adhesive for veneer veneering, comprising the following components:
(a) 100 parts by mass of isocyanate;
(b) 0.5-10 parts by mass of alkali metal gallium iodate fluoride;
(c) 10-50 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol;
(d) 30-100 parts of powder filler;
(e) 0.5-3 parts by mass of preservative;
the component (b) alkali metal gallium iodate fluoride comprises LiGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 、NaGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 、KGaF 2 (IO 3 ) 2 One or more of the following.
2. The formaldehyde-free binder of claim 1, comprising the following components:
(a) 100 parts by mass of isocyanate;
(b) 1-5 parts by mass of alkali metal gallium iodate fluoride;
(c) 20-40 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol;
(d) 40-80 parts by mass of powder filler;
(e) 1-2 parts of preservative.
3. The formaldehyde-free adhesive of claim 1, wherein the component (a) isocyanate is selected from one or more of an aromatic isocyanate, an aliphatic isocyanate, an araliphatic isocyanate, and a cycloaliphatic isocyanate.
4. An aldehyde-free adhesive according to claim 3, wherein the isocyanate of component (a) is selected from polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanates.
5. The formaldehyde-free adhesive of claim 1, wherein the component (c) polyvinyl alcohol is selected from one or more of polyvinyl alcohol 1788, 1799, 2488, 2499 or modified polyvinyl alcohol.
6. The formaldehyde-free binder of claim 1 wherein the component (d) powder filler comprises one or more of starch, wheat flour, corncob meal, husk meal, diatomaceous earth meal, kaolin powder, titanium dioxide, talc, calcium carbonate powder.
7. The formaldehyde-free binder of claim 1 wherein the component (e) preservative comprises one or more of potassium sorbate, sodium nitrite, calcium propionate, benzoic acid and salts thereof, dehydroacetic acid and sodium salts, parabens, sodium diacetate, sodium lactate.
8. Use of the aldehyde-free adhesive according to claim 1 for the preparation of veneer-faced artificial boards.
9. The preparation method of the veneer faced artificial board comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding 30-100 parts by mass of powder filler, 0.5-3 parts by mass of preservative, 100 parts by mass of isocyanate and 0.5-10 parts by mass of alkali metal gallium iodate fluoride into 10-50 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to obtain an aldehyde-free adhesive;
(2) The plate prepared from the bean glue or the isocyanate-based adhesive is selected as a base material, and the surface finish is improved by sanding;
(3) Applying the formaldehyde-free adhesive of step (1) to a substrate surface by one or more of roll coating, knife coating, curtain coating or spraying;
(4) Paving the thin-tech wood or Bao Shimu on the surface of the base material, and performing the processes of ageing, cold pressing, repairing, hot pressing and cutting to obtain the veneered artificial board.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the substrate is one of plywood, medium density fiberboard, particle board, joinery board, and the moisture content of the substrate is 6% to 12%.
11. A veneer faced artificial board prepared according to the method of claim 9 or 10.
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