CN114559282A - Numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data - Google Patents
Numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data Download PDFInfo
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- CN114559282A CN114559282A CN202210350532.2A CN202210350532A CN114559282A CN 114559282 A CN114559282 A CN 114559282A CN 202210350532 A CN202210350532 A CN 202210350532A CN 114559282 A CN114559282 A CN 114559282A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0995—Tool life management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data, which comprises a support and an automatic tool changing system, wherein a first sliding rail is arranged above the support, a moving rod is slidably connected above the first sliding rail, a base is slidably connected above the moving rod, a lower bottom plate is slidably connected above the base, a rotary table is rotatably connected above the lower bottom plate, a support table is fixed in the middle of the rotary table, an upper top plate is fixed above the support table, four groups of sleeves are uniformly fixed below the upper top plate, lifting columns are slidably connected inside the four groups of sleeves, pressing plates are fixed on two sides of each lifting column, a fixed box is arranged above the left side of the support, a motor is arranged at the bottom of the left side of the support, a chuck is arranged on the right side of the fixed box, and a transmission shaft is arranged at the bottom of the fixed box, the method has the characteristics of strong practicability and capability of identifying and utilizing the abrasion condition of the knife.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data.
Background
Automatic tool changing is a mature technology in numerical control machine tool machining, generally, a required machining tool is automatically changed according to machining steps through programming, when the tool for the numerical control machine tool machines a workpiece, the tool is worn, the existing numerical control machine tool cannot identify whether the tool is worn or not during machining, and the existing numerical control machine tool cannot perform follow-up utilization on the worn tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data comprises a support and an automatic tool changing system, wherein a first sliding rail is arranged above the support, a moving rod is slidably connected above the first sliding rail, a second sliding rail is fixed above the moving rod, a base is slidably connected above the second sliding rail, a lower bottom plate is slidably connected above the base, a rotary table is rotatably connected above the lower bottom plate, a support table is fixed in the middle of the rotary table, an upper top plate is fixed above the support table, four groups of sleeves are uniformly fixed below the upper top plate, lifting columns are slidably connected inside the four groups of sleeves, pressing plates are fixed on two sides of each lifting column, a fixed box is arranged above the left side of the support, a motor is arranged at the bottom of the left side of the support, a chuck is arranged on the right side of the fixed box, and a transmission shaft is arranged at the bottom of the fixed box, a first gear is fixed on one side of the transmission shaft, a second gear is fixed on one side of the chuck and meshed with the first gear, and a transmission belt is connected between an output shaft of the motor and the transmission shaft.
According to the technical scheme, the automatic tool changing system comprises a detection module, a center module and a processing module, wherein the detection module comprises a time detection submodule and a pressure detection submodule, the pressure detection submodule comprises a frequency identification unit, the center module comprises an analysis submodule and a classification submodule, and the pressure detection submodule is uniformly distributed on one side of a pressing plate;
the pressure detection submodule is used for analyzing the pressure of the lifting column on the pressing plate, the time detection submodule is used for identifying the time when the pressing plate touches the extrusion sleeve, the frequency identification unit is used for identifying the frequency of the lifting column for extruding the pressing plate, the analysis submodule is used for receiving the signal of the pressure detection submodule and analyzing the service life of the cutter, and the classification identification unit is used for marking the cutter.
According to the technical scheme, the detection submodule and the pivot module comprise the following operation steps:
a1, before a workpiece is machined by a numerical control machine, a cutter is placed on a lower bottom plate, and when the position of the cutter is well aligned and confirmed by a worker, a lifting column is rotated to enable the lifting column to descend in a sleeve;
a2, when the cutter is used for machining a workpiece, the cutter is abraded due to the length of the workpiece and the shaking of the workpiece, so that the service life of the cutter is influenced, the pressure of the lifting column on the pressure plate is detected by the pressure detection submodule, and the pressure value is transmitted to the analysis submodule;
a3, when the workpiece is processed and shaken, the lifting column extrudes the pressing plate to generate pressure, and the frequency of the lifting column extruding the pressing plate is identified through the frequency identification unit, a signal is transmitted to the analysis submodule, the frequency of the workpiece touching the cutter is distinguished, and therefore the shaking frequency of the workpiece is judged;
a4, judging the service life of the cutter through the pressure value of the pressure plate and the workpiece shaking amplitude;
and A5, marking the damaged cutter through the classification unit, so as to conveniently identify the corresponding mark of the worn cutter degree.
According to the technical scheme, the A2 comprises the following specific operation steps:
a21, a lifting column extrudes and fixes the cutter, the cutter and the lifting column have larger friction force, and when a workpiece shakes, the workpiece can impact the cutter to enable the cutter to shake;
a22, cutter receive the influence of frictional force to drive the lift post and rock in the sleeve, one side of lift post extrusion clamp plate, the pressure that the lift post extruded the clamp plate can be detected to the pressure detection submodule piece, because the lift post is by ascending power stationary knife, therefore the initial condition of lift post does not have the working pressure to the pressure detection submodule piece on the clamp plate, wherein
F is the average pressure value of the sub-modules subjected to extrusion pressure detection, n is the number of the lifting columns extruding the pressing plates, namely the stress number of the sub-modules subjected to pressure detection, and FiF is divided into three grades, namely a primary grade, a middle grade and a high grade, for the pressure value detected by the pressure detection submoduleStage F, the shaking amplitude of the workpiece is expressed at the same time and is in direct proportion;
a33, and the time when the lifting column 9 presses the pressure plate 11 is recorded by the time detection submodule, and a signal is transmitted to the analysis submodule.
According to the technical scheme, the frequency calculation formula of the workpiece touching the cutter in A3 is as follows:
in the formula, p is the frequency of the workpiece touching the cutter, namely the shaking frequency of the workpiece, m is the frequency of the lifting column extruding one side of the pressing plate, namely the frequency of the workpiece touching the impact cutter, t is the time of the lifting column extruding the pressing plate, the unit is second, p is divided into two grades, wherein p is more than 0 and less than 30, and p is more than or equal to 30, and the grade is high.
According to the technical scheme, the A4 comprises the following specific operation steps:
a41, when p is more than 0 and less than 30 and F is more than 0 and less than 10, the frequency of workpiece shaking is low, the pressure of one side of the lifting column extruding the pressure plate is low, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is low, the frequency and the amplitude of workpiece shaking are proved to be in a controllable range, and therefore the service life of the cutter is high;
a42, when p is more than 0 and less than 30 and F is more than or equal to 10 and less than 30, the frequency of workpiece shaking is low, the pressure on one side of the lifting column extrusion pressing plate is medium, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is medium, when p is more than or equal to 30 and F is more than 0 and less than 10, the frequency of workpiece shaking is high, the pressure on one side of the lifting column extrusion pressing plate is low, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is low, therefore, the service life of the cutter is high;
a43, when p is more than 0 and less than 30 and F is more than or equal to 30, the workpiece shaking frequency is low, the pressure of one side of the lifting column extrusion pressing plate is high, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is high, when p is more than or equal to 30 and F is more than or equal to 10 and less than 30, the workpiece shaking frequency is high, the pressure of one side of the lifting column extrusion pressing plate is medium, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is medium, so the service life of the cutter is medium;
a44, when p is more than or equal to 30 and F is more than or equal to 30, the frequency of workpiece shaking is high, the pressure of the lifting column on the side of the extrusion pressing plate is high, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is high, and therefore the service life of the cutter is low.
According to the technical scheme, the processing module comprises a step identification submodule, a rotating speed control submodule and a replacement submodule, wherein the replacement submodule comprises an alarm unit, the rotating speed control submodule is electrically connected with a motor, and the replacement submodule is electrically connected with a rotary table;
the step identification submodule is used for identifying the machining steps of the machine tool, the rotating speed control submodule is used for controlling the rotating speed of the motor, the replacement submodule is used for controlling the rotation of the rotary table, and the alarm unit plays a role in alarming.
According to the technical scheme, the processing module comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1, the analysis submodule transmits the analyzed numerical value of the service life of the cutter to the step identification submodule and the rotating speed control submodule;
and S2, the classification submodule transmits the signal to the replacement submodule, numbers the service life of the cutter, facilitates the matching of the replacement submodule and the step identification submodule, and controls the cutter with the corresponding service life to be matched with the corresponding processing step.
According to the above technical solution, the S2 includes the following specific operation steps:
s21, when the service life of the cutter is high, the abrasion degree of the cutter is low, the workpiece can be finely processed, the processing step of the numerical control machine tool is identified through the step identification submodule, the processing step is judged, because the classification submodule numbers the service life of the cutter analyzed by the analysis submodule, when the fine processing step is carried out, the rotary table is controlled to rotate through replacing the submodule, the number of the cutter with high service life is rotated to a processing station, and the rotating speed control submodule is controlled to control the rotating speed of the motor to change the block;
s22, when the service life of the cutter is middle, the abrasion degree of the cutter is middle, the processing step of the numerical control machine tool is identified through the step identification submodule, the processing step is judged, because the classification submodule numbers the service life of the cutter analyzed by the analysis submodule, during rough processing, the rotary table is controlled to rotate through replacing the submodule, the cutter with the middle service life is numbered and rotates to a processing station, and meanwhile, the rotation control submodule is controlled, so that the rotation speed of the motor is reduced, and the shaking degree of the workpiece is reduced;
s23, when the service life of the cutter is low, the abrasion degree of the cutter is high, the workpiece shaking degree is high while the abrasion of the cutter is serious, and a signal is transmitted to the alarm unit to enable the numerical control machine to give an alarm.
According to the technical scheme, the friction strip is fixed on the bottom surface of the lifting column.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the classification submodule is arranged, transmits the signal to the replacement submodule, numbers the service life of the cutter, facilitates the matching of the replacement submodule and the step identification submodule, controls the cutter with the corresponding service life to be matched with the corresponding processing step, and increases the precision of the workpiece and the service life of the cutter.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the area A of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional configuration of the lifting column of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an automatic tool changing system of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a support; 2. a first slide rail; 3. a travel bar; 4. a second slide rail; 5. a lower base plate; 6. a base; 7. an upper base plate; 8. a sleeve; 9. a lifting column; 10. a support table; 11. pressing a plate; 12. a turntable.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data comprises a support 1 and an automatic tool changing system, wherein a first sliding rail 2 is arranged above the support 1, a moving rod 3 is slidably connected above the first sliding rail 2, a second sliding rail 4 is fixed above the moving rod 3, a base 6 is slidably connected above the second sliding rail 4, a lower bottom plate 5 is slidably connected above the base 6, a rotary table 12 is rotatably connected above the lower bottom plate 5, a supporting table 10 is fixed in the middle of the rotary table 12, an upper top plate 7 is fixed above the supporting table 10, four groups of sleeves 8 are uniformly fixed below the upper top plate 7, lifting columns 9 are slidably connected inside the four groups of sleeves 8, pressing plates 11 are fixed on both sides of the lifting columns 9, a fixed box is arranged above the left side of the support 1, a motor is arranged at the bottom of the left side of the support 1, a chuck is arranged on the right side of the fixed box, a transmission shaft is arranged at the bottom of the fixed box, a first gear is fixed on one side of the transmission shaft, a second gear is fixed on one side of the chuck, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, a transmission belt is connected between an output shaft of the motor and the transmission shaft, when the numerical control machine tool works, the machine tool is started to enable the motor to rotate, the transmission belt drives the transmission shaft to rotate, the gear drives the second gear to rotate, the chuck rotates and drives a workpiece to rotate, after the cutter is installed, the base can drive the lower bottom plate to longitudinally move on the second slide rail, and the moving rod can drive the base to move on the first slide rail on the support, so that the cutter can conveniently process the workpiece;
the automatic tool changing system comprises a detection module, a center module and a processing module, wherein the detection module comprises a time detection submodule and a pressure detection submodule, the pressure detection submodule comprises a frequency identification unit, the center module comprises an analysis submodule and a classification submodule, and the pressure detection submodule is uniformly distributed on one side of the pressing plate 11;
the pressure detection submodule is used for analyzing the pressure of the lifting column 8 on the pressing plate 11, the time detection submodule is used for identifying the time when the pressing plate 11 touches the extrusion sleeve 8, the frequency identification unit is used for identifying the frequency of the lifting column 9 extruding the pressing plate 11, the analysis submodule is used for receiving the signal of the pressure detection submodule and analyzing the service life of the cutter, and the classification identification unit is used for marking the cutter;
the detection submodule and the pivot module comprise the following operation steps:
a1, before a workpiece is machined by a numerical control machine, a cutter is placed on the lower bottom plate 5, when the position of the cutter is determined by a worker, the lifting column 9 is lowered in the sleeve 8 by rotating the lifting column 9, so that the cutter can be extruded and tightly attached to the lower bottom plate 5, and the cutter is fixed;
a2, when the cutter is used for machining a workpiece, the cutter is abraded due to the length of the workpiece and the shaking of the workpiece, so that the service life of the cutter is influenced, the pressure of the lifting column 9 on the pressure plate 11 is detected by the pressure detection submodule, and the pressure value is transmitted to the analysis submodule;
a3, when the workpiece is processed and shaken, the lifting column 9 extrudes the pressing plate 11 to generate pressure, and the frequency of the lifting column 9 extruding the pressing plate 11 is identified through the frequency identification unit, signals are transmitted to the analysis submodule, the frequency of the workpiece touching a cutter is distinguished, and therefore the shaking frequency of the workpiece is judged;
a4, judging the service life of the cutter through the pressure value of the pressure plate 11 and the workpiece shaking amplitude;
a5, marking the damaged cutters through the classification unit, so that the marks corresponding to the degree of the worn cutters can be conveniently identified subsequently, and the worn cutters can be utilized conveniently;
a2 comprises the following specific operation steps:
a21 and a lifting column 9 extrude and fix the cutter, the cutter and the lifting column have larger friction force, and when a workpiece shakes, the workpiece can impact the cutter to enable the cutter to shake;
a22, the cutter is influenced by frictional force to drive the lifting column 9 to rock in the sleeve 8, the lifting column 9 extrudes one side of the pressing plate 11, and the pressure detection submodule can detect the lifting column9 pressing the pressure plate 11, since the lifting column 9 is a cutter fixed by an upward force, the initial state of the lifting column 9 has no pressure on the pressure detection submodule on the pressure plate 11, wherein
F is the average pressure value of the sub-modules subjected to the extrusion pressure detection, n is the number of the lifting columns 9 extruding the pressing plates 11, namely the stress number of the sub-modules subjected to the pressure detection, FiF is divided into three grades, namely a primary grade, a middle grade and a high grade, for the pressure value detected by the pressure detection submodule, and the F simultaneously expresses the shaking amplitude of the workpiece and is in direct proportion;
a33, recording the time of the lifting column 9 extruding the pressure plate 11 through a time detection submodule, and transmitting a signal to an analysis submodule;
the frequency calculation formula of the workpiece touching the cutter in A3 is as follows:
in the formula, p is the frequency of the workpiece touching the cutter, namely the shaking frequency of the workpiece, m is the frequency of the lifting column 9 extruding one side of the pressing plate 11, namely the frequency of the workpiece touching the striking cutter, t is the time of the lifting column 9 extruding the pressing plate 11, the unit is second, p is divided into two grades, wherein p is more than 0 and less than 30 and is a low grade, and p is more than or equal to 30 and is a high grade;
a4 comprises the following specific operation steps:
a41, when p is more than 0 and less than 30 and F is more than 0 and less than 10, the frequency of workpiece shaking is low, the pressure of one side of the lifting column 9 extruding the pressing plate 11 is low, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is low, and the frequency and the amplitude of workpiece shaking are proved to be in a controllable range, so the service life of the cutter is high;
a42, when p is more than 0 and less than 30, and F is more than or equal to 10 and less than 30, the frequency of workpiece shaking is low, the pressure of one side of the lifting column 9, which extrudes the pressing plate 11, is medium, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is medium, when p is more than or equal to 30 and F is more than 0 and less than 10, the frequency of workpiece shaking is high, the pressure of one side of the lifting column 9, which extrudes the pressing plate 11, is low, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is low, therefore, the service life of the cutter is high;
a43, when p is more than 0 and less than 30 and F is more than or equal to 30, the workpiece shaking frequency is low, the pressure of the lifting column 9 on the side of the pressing plate 11 is high, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is high, when p is more than or equal to 30 and F is more than or equal to 10 and less than 30, the workpiece shaking frequency is high, the pressure of the lifting column 9 on the side of the pressing plate 11 is medium, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is medium, so the service life of the cutter is medium;
a44, when p is more than or equal to 30 and F is more than or equal to 30, the frequency of workpiece shaking is high, the pressure of the lifting column 9 on the side of the extrusion pressing plate 11 is high, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is high, so the service life of the cutter is low;
the processing module comprises a step identification submodule, a rotating speed control submodule and a replacement submodule, wherein the replacement submodule comprises an alarm unit, the rotating speed control submodule is electrically connected with the motor, and the replacement submodule is electrically connected with the rotary table 12;
the step identification submodule is used for identifying the machining steps of the numerical control machine tool, the rotating speed control submodule is used for controlling the rotating speed of the motor, the replacement submodule is used for controlling the rotation of the rotary table 12, and the alarm unit plays a role in alarming;
the processing module comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1, the analysis submodule transmits the analyzed numerical value of the service life of the cutter to the step identification submodule and the rotating speed control submodule;
s2, the classification submodule transmits the signal to the replacement submodule, the service life of the cutter is numbered, the replacement submodule is convenient to be matched with the step identification submodule, the cutter with the corresponding service life is controlled to be matched with the corresponding processing step, and the precision of the workpiece and the service life of the cutter are improved;
s2 comprises the following specific operation steps:
s21, when the service life of the cutter is high, the abrasion degree of the cutter is low, the workpiece can be finely processed, the processing step of the numerical control machine tool is identified through the step identification submodule, the processing step is judged, because the classification submodule numbers the service life of the cutter analyzed by the analysis submodule, when the fine processing step is carried out, the rotary table 12 is controlled to rotate through replacing the submodule, the number of the cutter with high service life is rotated to a processing station, the rotating speed control submodule is controlled, the rotating speed change block of the motor is controlled, the smoothness of the surface of the workpiece during fine processing is improved, and the cutter with high abrasion degree is prevented from being processed in the fine processing step, so that the processing quality is influenced;
s22, when the service life of the cutter is middle, the abrasion degree of the cutter is middle, the processing step of the numerical control machine tool is identified through the step identification submodule, the processing step is judged, because the classification submodule numbers the service life of the cutter analyzed by the analysis submodule, during rough processing, the rotary table 12 is controlled to rotate through replacing the submodule, the cutter with the middle service life is numbered and rotates to a processing station, and meanwhile, the rotation control submodule is controlled, so that the rotation speed of the motor is reduced, the shaking degree of a workpiece is reduced, the loss degree of the cutter is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged;
s23, when the service life of the cutter is low, the abrasion degree of the cutter is high, the workpiece shaking degree is high while the cutter is seriously abraded, and a signal is transmitted to an alarm unit to enable the numerical control machine to give an alarm, so that a worker can find the problems of the numerical control machine and the cutter and repair the problems in time;
the bottom surface of the lifting column 9 is fixed with a friction strip to increase the friction force between the lifting column and the cutter.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a but digit control machine tool of automatic tool changing based on big data, includes support (1) and automatic tool changing system, its characterized in that: a first sliding rail (2) is arranged above the support (1), a moving rod (3) is slidably connected above the first sliding rail (2), a second sliding rail (4) is fixed above the moving rod (3), a base (6) is slidably connected above the second sliding rail (4), a lower bottom plate (5) is slidably connected above the base (6), a rotary table (12) is rotatably connected above the lower bottom plate (5), a supporting table (10) is fixed in the middle of the rotary table (12), an upper top plate (7) is fixed above the supporting table (10), four groups of sleeves (8) are uniformly fixed below the upper top plate (7), lifting columns (9) are slidably connected inside the four groups of sleeves (8), pressing plates (11) are fixed on two sides of each lifting column (9), a fixed box is arranged above the left side of the support (1), the bottom of the left side of the support (1) is provided with a motor, the right side of the fixed box is provided with a chuck, the bottom of the fixed box is provided with a transmission shaft, a first gear is fixed on one side of the transmission shaft, a second gear is fixed on one side of the chuck, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, and a transmission belt is connected between an output shaft of the motor and the transmission shaft.
2. The numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing the tool based on the big data as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the automatic tool changing system comprises a detection module, a center module and a processing module, wherein the detection module comprises a time detection submodule and a pressure detection submodule, the pressure detection submodule comprises a frequency identification unit, the center module comprises an analysis submodule and a classification submodule, and the pressure detection submodule is uniformly distributed on one side of a pressing plate (11);
the pressure detection submodule is used for analyzing the pressure of the lifting column (9) on the pressing plate (11), the time detection submodule is used for identifying the time when the pressing plate (11) touches the extrusion sleeve (8), the frequency identification unit is used for identifying the frequency of the lifting column (9) extruding the pressing plate (11), the analysis submodule is used for receiving the signal of the pressure detection submodule and analyzing the service life of a cutter, and the classification identification unit is used for marking the cutter.
3. The numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data according to claim 2, characterized in that: the detection submodule and the pivot module comprise the following operation steps:
a1, before a workpiece is machined by a numerical control machine, a cutter is placed on a lower bottom plate (5), and when the position of the cutter is determined by a worker, a lifting column (9) is rotated to enable the lifting column (9) to descend in a sleeve (8);
a2, when the cutter is used for machining a workpiece, the cutter is abraded due to the length of the workpiece and the shaking of the workpiece, so that the service life of the cutter is influenced, the pressure of the lifting column (9) on the pressure plate (11) is detected by the pressure detection submodule, and the pressure value is transmitted to the analysis submodule;
a3, when the workpiece is processed and shaken, the lifting column (9) extrudes the pressing plate (11) to generate pressure, the frequency of the lifting column (9) extruding the pressing plate (11) is identified through the frequency identification unit, signals are transmitted to the analysis submodule, the frequency of the workpiece touching the cutter is distinguished, and therefore the shaking frequency of the workpiece is judged;
a4, judging the service life of the cutter through the pressure value of the pressure plate (11) and the workpiece shaking amplitude;
and A5, marking the damaged cutter through the classification unit, so as to conveniently identify the corresponding mark of the worn cutter degree.
4. The numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data according to claim 3, characterized in that: the A2 comprises the following specific operation steps:
a21 and a lifting column (9) extrude and fix the cutter, the cutter and the lifting column have larger friction force, and when a workpiece shakes, the workpiece can impact the cutter to enable the cutter to shake;
a22, the cutter is influenced by friction force to drive the lifting column (9) to rock in the sleeve (8), the lifting column (9) extrudes one side of the pressing plate (11), the pressure of the lifting column (9) extruding the pressing plate (11) can be detected by the pressure detection submodule, and the lifting column (9) is fixed by upward force, so that the initial state of the lifting column (9) has no pressure on the pressure detection submodule on the pressing plate (11), wherein the cutter is fixed by upward force, and the pressure detection submodule is used for detecting the pressure of the lifting column (9), and the cutter is fixed by upward force
F is the average pressure value of the sub-modules subjected to the extrusion pressure detection, n is the number of the extrusion pressing plates (11) of the lifting column (9), namely the stress number of the sub-modules subjected to the pressure detection, FiF is divided into three grades, namely a primary grade, a middle grade and a high grade, for the pressure value detected by the pressure detection submodule, and the F simultaneously expresses the shaking amplitude of the workpiece and is in direct proportion;
a33, and the time of the lifting column (9) pressing the pressure plate (11) is recorded by the time detection submodule, and a signal is transmitted to the analysis submodule.
5. The numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data according to claim 4, characterized in that: the frequency calculation formula of the workpiece touching the cutter in the A3 is as follows:
in the formula, p is the frequency of the workpiece touching the cutter, namely the shaking frequency of the workpiece, m is the frequency of the lifting column (9) pressing one side of the pressing plate (11), namely the frequency of the workpiece touching the striking cutter, t is the time of the lifting column (9) pressing the pressing plate (11), the unit is second, p is divided into two grades, wherein p is more than 0 and less than 30 and is a low grade, and p is more than or equal to 30 and is a high grade.
6. The numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data according to claim 5, characterized in that: the A4 comprises the following specific operation steps:
a41, when p is more than 0 and less than 30 and F is more than 0 and less than 10, the frequency of workpiece shaking is low, the pressure of one side of the lifting column (9) pressing the pressing plate (11) is low, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is low, the frequency and amplitude of workpiece shaking are proved to be in a controllable range, and therefore the service life of the cutter is high;
a42, when p is more than 0 and less than 30, and F is more than or equal to 10 and less than 30, the frequency of workpiece shaking is low, the pressure of one side of the lifting column (9) for extruding the pressing plate (11) is medium, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is medium, when p is more than or equal to 30 and F is more than 0 and less than 10, the frequency of workpiece shaking is high, the pressure of one side of the lifting column (9) for extruding the pressing plate (11) is low, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is low, therefore, the service life of the cutter is high;
a43, when p is more than 0 and less than 30 and F is more than or equal to 30, the workpiece shaking frequency is low, the pressure of one side of the lifting column (9) extruding pressing plate (11) is high, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is high, when p is more than or equal to 30 and F is more than or equal to 10 and less than 30, the workpiece shaking frequency is high, the pressure of one side of the lifting column (9) extruding pressing plate (11) is medium, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is medium, so the service life of the cutter is medium;
a44, when p is more than or equal to 30 and F is more than or equal to 30, the frequency of workpiece shaking is high, the pressure of the lifting column (9) on the side of the extrusion pressing plate (11) is high, namely the workpiece shaking amplitude is high, and therefore the service life of the cutter is low.
7. The numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data according to claim 6, characterized in that: the processing module comprises a step identification submodule, a rotating speed control submodule and a replacement submodule, wherein the replacement submodule comprises an alarm unit, the rotating speed control submodule is electrically connected with the motor, and the replacement submodule is electrically connected with the rotary table (12);
the step identification submodule is used for identifying the machining steps of the machine tool, the rotating speed control submodule is used for controlling the rotating speed of the motor, the replacement submodule is used for controlling the rotating table (12) to rotate, and the alarm unit plays a role in alarming.
8. The numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data according to claim 7, characterized in that: the processing module comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1, the analysis submodule transmits the analyzed numerical value of the service life of the cutter to the step identification submodule and the rotating speed control submodule;
and S2, the classification submodule transmits the signal to the replacement submodule, numbers the service life of the cutter, facilitates the matching of the replacement submodule and the step identification submodule, and controls the cutter with the corresponding service life to be matched with the corresponding processing step.
9. The numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data according to claim 8, characterized in that: the S2 comprises the following specific operation steps:
s21, when the service life of the cutter is high, the abrasion degree of the cutter is low, the workpiece can be finely processed, the processing step of the numerical control machine tool is identified through the step identification submodule, the processing step is judged, because the classification submodule numbers the service life of the cutter analyzed by the analysis submodule, when the fine processing step is carried out, the rotary table (12) is controlled to rotate through replacing the submodule, the number of the cutter with high service life is rotated to a processing station, and the rotating speed control submodule is controlled to control the rotating speed changing block of the motor;
s22, when the service life of the cutter is middle, the abrasion degree of the cutter is middle, the processing step of the numerical control machine tool is identified through the step identification submodule, the processing step is judged, because the classification submodule numbers the service life of the cutter analyzed by the analysis submodule, during rough processing, the rotary table (12) is controlled to rotate through replacing the submodule, the cutter with the middle service life is numbered, the cutter is rotated to a processing station, and meanwhile, the rotation control submodule is controlled, so that the rotation speed of the motor is reduced, and the shaking degree of the workpiece is reduced;
s23, when the service life of the cutter is low, the abrasion degree of the cutter is high, the workpiece shaking degree is indicated to be higher while the cutter is seriously abraded, and a signal is transmitted to the alarm unit to enable the numerical control machine to give an alarm.
10. The numerical control machine tool capable of automatically changing tools based on big data according to claim 9, characterized in that: and a friction strip is fixed on the bottom surface of the lifting column (9).
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