CN114558998A

CN114558998A - Crystallizer, copper melting furnace and copper-clad steel production line with same

Info

Publication number: CN114558998A
Application number: CN202210308374.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王伟
Original assignee: Beijing Jinheyi Science And Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Jinsheng Tianjin Enterprise Management Consulting Center LP
Priority date: 2022-03-24
Filing date: 2022-03-24
Publication date: 2022-05-31

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of production of copper-clad steel by a horizontal continuous casting process, in particular to a crystallizer, a copper melting furnace and a copper-clad steel production line with the same. A crystallizer, comprising: the fixing sleeve is provided with a first through hole; the first end of the cooling pipe is arranged in the first through hole, and the cooling pipe is provided with a channel allowing a steel wire to pass through; the filling mold is partially arranged in the first through hole and is in butt joint with the first end of the cooling pipe, the filling mold is provided with a second through hole allowing a steel wire to pass through, a gap is reserved between the steel wire and the inner wall of the second through hole, the side wall of the filling mold exposed outside the first through hole is provided with at least one filling hole allowing copper liquid to flow in, the filling hole is communicated with the second through hole, and the axes of the filling hole and the second through hole are perpendicular to each other, so that the copper liquid entering through the filling hole covers the surface of the steel wire in the filling mold and the cooling pipe. The invention solves the problems that the crystallizer affects the complete contact of the copper liquid and the steel wire due to the temperature difference between the crystallizer and the copper liquid, and the thickness of a copper layer coated on the steel wire is not uniform.

Description

Crystallizer, copper melting furnace and copper-clad steel production line with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of production of copper-clad steel by a horizontal continuous casting process, in particular to a crystallizer, a copper melting furnace and a copper-clad steel production line with the same.

Background

The copper-coated steel bimetal composite material, also called copper-coated steel (or copper-coated steel), is a composite conductor formed by processing two metals of copper and steel through a special process, has the characteristics of high strength, excellent elasticity, larger thermal resistance and high magnetic permeability of steel, good electric conductivity and excellent corrosion resistance of copper, and is widely applied to the fields of electricity, electronics and the like.

At present, there are three main methods (electroplating method, cladding method and horizontal continuous casting cladding method) for coating copper on the surface of a steel wire in China, wherein the horizontal continuous casting cladding method solves the problems of thinner electroplated copper layer and poor cladding method combination, and is a production method commonly used by domestic manufacturers. The production process of the horizontal continuous casting cladding method comprises a steel wire pretreatment process, a copper melting process, a crystallization process and a post-treatment process. The crystallization step is a core step of the horizontal continuous casting cladding method, and is directly related to the thickness of a copper layer clad on the surface of a steel wire. Although the steel wire is preheated before entering the copper liquid, the melting point temperature of copper is 1083.4 ℃, in addition, cooling water is introduced into the crystallizer, and the temperature of the steel wire in the crystallizer is lower than the temperature of the copper liquid, so that the temperature difference exists between the crystallizer and the copper liquid, the copper liquid solidification phenomenon exists at the joint of the copper liquid and the crystallizer, the complete contact between the copper liquid and the steel wire is influenced, and the problems of uneven thickness, poor combination and poor coating quality of a copper layer coated on the steel wire easily occur.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that the crystallizer in the prior art has temperature difference with the copper liquid, so that the copper liquid is influenced to be completely contacted with the steel wire, and the copper layer coated on the steel wire is easily uneven in thickness, poor in combination and poor in coating quality, so that the crystallizer, the copper melting furnace and the copper-coated steel production line with the copper melting furnace are provided.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a crystallizer comprising:

the fixing sleeve is provided with a first through hole;

the first end of the cooling pipe is arranged in the first through hole, and the cooling pipe is provided with a channel allowing a steel wire to pass through;

irritate the injection mould, the part is located in the first through-hole, and with the first end butt joint setting of cooling tube, it is equipped with the permission to irritate the injection mould the second through-hole that the copper wire passed, the copper wire with leave the clearance between the inner wall of second through-hole in advance, it exposes has at least one filling hole that allows the copper liquid inflow to have on the outside lateral wall of first through-hole to irritate the injection mould, filling hole with second through-hole intercommunication sets up, and axis mutually perpendicular, so that the warp copper liquid that the filling hole got into covers in irritate the surface of injection mould and the copper wire in the cooling tube.

Optionally, the pouring hole is a plurality of holes evenly distributed at equal intervals on the circumferential side wall of the pouring mold, and the pouring mold is made of graphite.

Optionally, the cooling pipe comprises a water inlet and a water outlet, and a cooling water channel for communicating the water inlet and the water outlet, the water inlet and the water outlet are provided at the second end of the cooling pipe, so that the cooling water channel forms a "C" structure, and the first end of the cooling pipe is an inlet end of the steel wire.

Optionally, a joint is sleeved outside the second end of the cooling pipe, the joint is adapted to the cooling pipe, and an inlet and an outlet are respectively arranged at positions corresponding to the water inlet and the water outlet.

Optionally, the inner diameter of the cooling tube is arranged with a constant diameter.

Optionally, the cooling pipe further comprises a core fixing die arranged in the second through hole, the core fixing die is provided with a core fixing hole, the core fixing hole is in clearance fit with a steel wire penetrating through the core fixing hole, and the inner diameter of the core fixing die is the same as the inner diameter of the cooling pipe.

Still provide a copper melting furnace, including foretell crystallizer, the export of copper melting furnace is located to the crystallizer.

Optionally, the crystallizer comprises a pair of fixed blocks arranged at opposite intervals, each fixed block is provided with a mounting hole, and the fixed sleeves of the pair of crystallizers are respectively arranged in the mounting holes.

Optionally, the two fixing sleeves are coaxially arranged, and the inner diameter of the cooling pipe of the crystallizer at the inlet of the copper melting furnace is gradually increased from the first end to the second end.

Still provide a copper and cover steel production line, including foretell copper melting furnace.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

1. the crystallizer provided by the invention comprises: the fixing sleeve is provided with a first through hole; the first end of the cooling pipe is arranged in the first through hole, and the cooling pipe is provided with a channel allowing a steel wire to pass through; the pouring mold is partially arranged in the first through hole and is in butt joint with the first end of the cooling pipe, the pouring mold is provided with a second through hole allowing a steel wire to pass through, a gap is reserved between the steel wire and the inner wall of the second through hole, the pouring mold is exposed on the outer side wall of the first through hole and provided with at least one pouring hole allowing copper liquid to flow in, and the pouring hole is communicated with the second through hole so that the copper liquid entering through the pouring hole covers the surface of the steel wire in the pouring mold and the cooling pipe. The fixed cover is provided with a first through hole, the cooling pipe and the filling mold are arranged in the first through hole and are butted, so that a steel wire penetrating through the second through hole of the filling mold smoothly enters a channel of the cooling pipe. In the process of covering the steel with the copper, the pouring mold extending out of the fixing sleeve is in contact with the molten copper, a pouring hole is formed in the side wall, exposed outside the first through hole, of the pouring mold and communicated with the second through hole, the copper enters the pouring mold and the cooling pipe in butt joint with the pouring mold from the pouring hole formed in the pouring mold, so that the copper and the steel wire are in complete contact in the pouring mold and the cooling pipe, and the copper is conveniently covered on the surface of the steel wire. In the process of pouring the molten copper into the mold, the region of the pouring hole is always contacted with the molten copper so that temperature difference does not exist between the region and the molten copper, the molten copper can smoothly flow onto the surface of a steel wire, the phenomenon that the molten copper is solidified at the joint of the molten copper and the crystallizer due to the temperature difference between the crystallizer and the molten copper is avoided, the molten copper is completely contacted with the steel wire, the thickness of a copper layer is ensured to be uniform, and the cladding of the molten copper on the steel wire is realized so as to improve the cladding quality. And the axes of the filling hole and the second through hole are mutually vertical, so that the copper liquid flows to the surface of the steel wire at the highest speed, and the solidification phenomenon of the copper liquid is further avoided.

2. According to the crystallizer provided by the invention, the plurality of pouring holes are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side wall of the pouring mold at equal intervals, and the plurality of pouring holes can enable copper liquid to flow into the surface of a steel wire from different directions, so that the copper liquid covers the surface of the steel wire more uniformly. The pouring mold is made of graphite, the graphite has good thermal conductivity and chemical corrosion resistance, does not react with copper solution, has strength increased along with temperature rise at high temperature, and can be used for manufacturing molds with complex shapes and high precision.

3. According to the crystallizer provided by the invention, the cooling pipe comprises a water inlet, a water outlet and a cooling water channel for communicating the water inlet and the water outlet, the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged at the second end of the cooling pipe, so that a cooling water channel forms a C-shaped structure, and the first end of the cooling pipe is an inlet end of a steel wire. The design of the C-shaped structure ensures that cold water entering from the water inlet is fully subjected to heat exchange with the copper layer in the cooling pipe through the cooling water channel and then is bent and flows to reach the water outlet, so that the contact time of the cold water in the cooling water channel and the copper layer in the cooling pipe is prolonged, and the best effect of cooling the copper layer in the cooling pipe is realized. And the copper liquid enters from the filling hole, then exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the cooling pipe, and has a smaller temperature difference with the cooling liquid in the flowing process, so that the copper liquid at the filling hole is prevented from solidifying when meeting water with too low temperature to block the filling hole, and the uniformity of covering copper is further ensured.

4. According to the crystallizer provided by the invention, the second end of the cooling pipe is sleeved with the joint, the joint is matched with the cooling pipe, the positions corresponding to the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively provided with the inlet and the outlet, and the joint is convenient to connect with a water pipe.

5. According to the crystallizer provided by the invention, the inner diameter of the cooling pipe is in the equal-diameter arrangement, the cooling pipe in the equal-diameter arrangement can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost, and the copper-coated steel wire can be smoothly drawn out.

6. The crystallizer provided by the invention also comprises a core fixing die arranged in the second through hole, the core fixing die is provided with a core fixing hole, the core fixing hole is in clearance fit with a steel wire penetrating through the core fixing hole, and the inner diameter of the core fixing die is the same as that of the cooling pipe. The clearance fit is used for realizing the relative motion between the steel wire and the core fixing hole. Meanwhile, the inner diameter of the fixed core mold is the same as the inner diameter of the cooling pipe, so that the thicknesses of the steel wire passing through the fixed core mold and the copper layer coated on the steel wire are always kept uniform.

7. The copper melting furnace provided by the invention further comprises a pair of fixed blocks which are oppositely arranged at intervals, each fixed block is provided with a mounting hole, the fixed sleeves of the pair of crystallizers are respectively arranged in the mounting holes, and the two fixed sleeves are coaxially arranged. The fixed sleeve is internally sleeved with the fixed core mold, and the fixed core mold of the coaxially arranged fixed sleeve is also coaxially arranged, so that the coaxiality of steel wires passing through the pair of fixed core molds which are oppositely arranged is ensured, copper liquid can be uniformly coated on the steel wires, and further a copper-coated steel product with uniform thickness is obtained. And the inner diameter of a cooling pipe of the crystallizer positioned at the inlet of the copper melting furnace is gradually increased from the first end to the second end, so that air in the cooling pipe is emptied.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pull-out terminal crystallizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the water flow direction of a cooling pipe provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a half sectional view of an end-entering crystallizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a copper melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a water inlet; 2. a water outlet; 3. a cooling tube; 4. fixing a sleeve; 5. filling and molding the mold; 6. a perfusion hole; 7. fixing a core mold; 8. a joint; 9. a connecting port; 10. a fixed block; 11. a steel wire; 12. high temperature resistant bricks; 13. asbestos; 14. and (5) melting the copper material.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

One embodiment of the copper melting furnace shown in fig. 1-4 comprises: asbestos 13, a first layer of high temperature resistant bricks 12, a copper material to be melted 14 and a second layer of high temperature resistant bricks 12 which are arranged from outside to inside in sequence from the outer wall. Wherein, be equipped with relative interval in the second floor refractory brick 12 and be provided with a pair of fixed block 10, have a mounting hole in each fixed block 10, the fixed cover 4 of the crystallizer of melting copper stove import department and the fixed cover 4 of the crystallizer of melting copper stove exit locate the mounting hole respectively, be equipped with the copper wire 11 of waiting to cover copper between a pair of fixed cover 4. In order to ensure the uniformity of the thickness of the copper liquid coated on the steel wire 11, the two fixing sleeves 4 are arranged coaxially. In order to melt the copper material, a copper melting box is also arranged in the copper melting furnace, and a copper bar to be melted is placed in the copper melting box.

As shown in fig. 1, the crystallizer includes: a fixed sleeve 4, and a cooling pipe 3 and a pouring die 5 which are connected and arranged in a first through hole of the fixed sleeve 4. The cooling tube 3 is provided with a passage for allowing a steel wire 11 to pass through, a first end is arranged in the first through hole, and a joint 8 is sleeved outside the second end. Specifically, the cooling pipe 3 is made of a copper pipe.

As shown in fig. 1, a part of the casting mold 5 is disposed in the first through hole of the fixing sleeve 4, and another part of the casting mold extends to the outside of the first through hole, the casting mold 5 is provided with a second through hole for allowing the steel wire 11 to pass through, and a gap is reserved between the steel wire 11 and the inner wall of the second through hole. In order to cover the copper liquid in the copper melting furnace on the steel wire 11 in the cooling pipe 3, 4 filling holes 6 are arranged on the exposed side wall of the filling die 5 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the filling holes 6 are communicated with the second through hole. The material of the pouring mould 5 is graphite, which is suitable for the high temperature environment in the copper melting furnace.

As shown in fig. 1, the steel wire cooling device further comprises a core fixing die 7 arranged in the second through hole of the fixed sleeve 4, the core fixing die 7 is provided with a core fixing hole, the core fixing die 7 is in clearance fit with a steel wire 11 passing through the core fixing die 7, and the inner diameter of the core fixing die 7 is the same as the inner diameter of the cooling pipe 3. For high temperature resistance, the size of the inner diameter is guaranteed to be unchanged, the fixed core die 7 is made of boron nitride ceramics, and the fixed core die 7 made of the boron nitride ceramics has very high precision, so that the coaxiality of the steel wire 11 entering the hearth is guaranteed, and the thickness of a copper layer covering the steel wire 11 is more uniform.

As shown in fig. 2, the cooling pipe 3 includes a water inlet 1, a water outlet 2, and a cooling water passage for communicating the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 2, the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 2 are disposed at a second end of the cooling pipe 3, and the cooling water entering from the water inlet 1 flows through the C-shaped flow channel in the cooling water passage and then reaches the water outlet 2. Compared with the water outlet pipeline, the water inlet pipeline is closer to the steel wire, so that the cooling water can better cool the copper layer in the cooling pipe in the cooling water channel. In order to facilitate the connection of cooling water, the second end of the cooling pipe 3 is also sleeved with a connector 8 which is matched with the second end, and the connector 8 is respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet which correspond to the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 2. In order to connect the cooling pipe 3 with other devices, a connecting port 9 is further provided on the side wall of the second end of the cooling pipe 3.

As shown in fig. 3, the crystallizer at the inlet of the copper melting furnace is different from the crystallizer at the outlet of the copper melting furnace in structure. The first end of the cooling pipe 3 is fixedly connected with a fixed sleeve, and the second end is sleeved with a joint 8. In order to avoid the interference of oxygen and other gases in the air to the crystallization process, a nitrogen interface is also arranged on the side wall of the second end of the cooling pipe 3.

The inner diameter of the cooling pipe 3 of the crystallizer at the inlet of the copper melting furnace is also arranged in a conical shape, i.e. the inner diameter from the first end to the second end is gradually increased. In the process of covering the steel with the copper, nitrogen gas filled into the nitrogen gas interface at the second end can fill the space between the steel wire and the cooling pipe 3 along with the reduction of the inner diameter, and meanwhile, the pressure in the hearth is higher than that of the crystallizer, namely, the steel wire can be discharged to the space between the cooling pipe 3 and the steel wire outwards by the nitrogen gas in the copper melting furnace in the process of extending into the steel wire, so that air in cooling is emptied, and the steel wire is prevented from being moved to the first end from the second end and is also provided with the air. In addition, the design that the inner diameter of the first end is smaller than that of the second end can enable the steel wire to smoothly enter the crystallizer, and the time for the steel wire to enter the crystallizer is shortened.

In the specific implementation process, charcoal is added into a hearth to consume oxygen in a copper melting furnace, and the copper melting furnace is electrified to dissolve a copper rod to be melted. Under the action of electromagnetic induction, the copper rod to be dissolved is slowly melted into copper liquid, and the liquid level height slowly exceeds the height of the steel wire 11 along with the increase of time. Before entering the copper melting furnace, the copper wire can preheat, and simultaneously, copper wire 11 adopts step-by-step removal mode, and namely, after a period of time, copper wire 11 removes a distance to guarantee copper liquid and copper wire 11's abundant contact. After entering the interior of the crystallizer at the outlet of the copper melting furnace, copper liquid enters the gap between the cooling pipe 3 and the steel wire 11 through the filling hole 6, cold water flows in through the inlet of the joint 8 and flows out along the cold water channel, the copper liquid is slowly cooled and coated on the surface of the copper wire in contact with the steel wire 11 to form a copper layer with softer texture and uniform thickness, and the steel wire in the crystallizer is pulled out by a traction mechanism arranged outside the outlet of the copper melting furnace to enter the cooling mechanism for cooling. It should be noted that the operator continuously adds the raw materials needed by the copper rod, the charcoal and the like into the copper melting furnace to ensure that the content of the copper liquid and the gas in the furnace always meet the production standard.

The crystallizer provided by the invention has the advantages of high precision and high coaxiality, and is convenient for enterprises to carry out continuous production, so that copper-clad steel products with uniform thickness can be obtained.

The invention also provides a copper-coated steel production line which comprises the copper melting furnace.

As an alternative embodiment, the number of infusion orifices 6 may also be 1, 2, 3 or even more.

Alternatively, the inner diameter of the cooling pipe 3 of the crystallizer at the inlet of the copper melting furnace can also be arranged in a constant diameter mode.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A crystallizer, characterized in that it comprises:

the fixing sleeve (4), the said fixing sleeve (4) has the first through hole;

the first end of the cooling pipe (3) is arranged in the first through hole, and the cooling pipe (3) is provided with a channel allowing a steel wire (11) to pass through;

irritate injection mould (5), the part is located in the first through-hole, and with the first end butt joint setting of cooling tube (3), it is equipped with the permission to irritate injection mould (5) the second through-hole that copper wire (11) passed, copper wire (11) with reserve between the inner wall of second through-hole has the clearance, irritate injection mould (5) expose have at least one filling hole (6) that allow the copper liquid inflow on the outside lateral wall of first through-hole, filling hole (6) with second through-hole intercommunication sets up, and axis mutually perpendicular, so that the warp copper liquid that filling hole (6) got into cover in irritate the surface of copper wire (11) in injection mould (5) and cooling tube (3).

2. Crystallizer as in claim 1, characterized in that said pouring holes (6) are a plurality of holes uniformly distributed at equal intervals on the circumferential side wall of said pouring mold (5), said pouring mold (5) being made of graphite.

3. The crystallizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling pipe (3) comprises a water inlet (1) and a water outlet (2), and a cooling water channel for communicating the water inlet (1) and the water outlet (2), the water inlet (1) and the water outlet (2) are arranged at the second end of the cooling pipe (3) so that the cooling water channel forms a "C" structure, and the first end of the cooling pipe (3) is the inlet end of the steel wire (11).

4. Crystallizer as in claim 3, characterized in that the second end of the cooling tube (3) is sheathed with a joint (8), said joint (8) being adapted to the cooling tube (3) and being provided with an inlet and an outlet respectively in correspondence of the water inlet (1) and outlet (2).

5. Crystallizer as in claim 1, characterized in that the internal diameter of the cooling tubes (3) is of constant diameter.

6. The crystallizer according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising a centering die (7) disposed in the second through hole, wherein the centering die (7) has a centering hole which is in clearance fit with a steel wire (11) passing through the centering hole, and the inner diameter of the centering die (7) is the same as the inner diameter of the cooling pipe (3).

7. A copper melting furnace, characterized by comprising a crystallizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, said crystallizer being provided at the outlet of the copper melting furnace.

8. The furnace according to claim 7, further comprising a pair of fixed blocks (10) oppositely arranged at intervals, each fixed block (10) having a mounting hole, the fixed sleeves (4) of a pair of crystallizers being respectively arranged in the mounting holes.

9. A furnace as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that said two housings (4) are coaxially arranged and the internal diameter of the cooling tube (3) of the crystalliser at the inlet of the furnace increases from a first end to a second end.

10. A copper clad steel production line, characterized by comprising a copper melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 9.