CN114552357A - Dual-wavelength fiber laser and application - Google Patents
Dual-wavelength fiber laser and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN114552357A CN114552357A CN202210169419.4A CN202210169419A CN114552357A CN 114552357 A CN114552357 A CN 114552357A CN 202210169419 A CN202210169419 A CN 202210169419A CN 114552357 A CN114552357 A CN 114552357A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/0675—Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08086—Multiple-wavelength emission
- H01S3/0809—Two-wavelenghth emission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10053—Phase control
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-wavelength fiber laser with two adjustable phase shifts and a uniform grating or a uniform sampling grating, an acceleration sensor based on the double-wavelength fiber laser and a temperature sensor based on the double-wavelength fiber laser. In the laser, tensile stress with adjustable size is applied to two different position sections in a continuous uniform grating or a uniform sampling grating so as to regulate and control the frequency-selecting grating period of the two position sections, thus the whole frequency-selecting grating becomes a chirp period grating, and the two position sections respectively introduce a distribution phase shift with adjustable size. The change of two lasing wavelengths of the dual-wavelength fiber laser reflects the magnitude and the change of the stress or the strain of two applied tensile stress action position sections and also reflects the magnitude and the change of the environmental temperature of the fiber grating, so the dual-wavelength fiber laser can be used for manufacturing sensors for detecting the magnitude and the change of acceleration and the magnitude and the change of the environmental temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectrons, and relates to a dual-wavelength fiber laser and a sensor.
Background
For the fiber laser with the frequency-selective grating being the common uniform grating, a real phase shift can be introduced into the uniform grating to ensure that the laser works in a stable single longitudinal mode working state. Because the grating period is generally in the submicron order, high-precision electron beam writing equipment is generally needed to manufacture a real phase-shift grating, and thus the real phase-shift fiber grating is generally expensive.
When the phase shift in the phase shift grating fiber laser changes due to external factors, the relative position of the lasing wavelength in the lasing channel forbidden band moves. The variation of the external temperature also causes the variation of the lasing wavelength. In other words, the change of the lasing wavelength or frequency of the fiber laser can reflect the magnitude and the change of the external factors causing the real phase shift change.
The intensity of the relative refractive index modulation in a fiber grating is typically only 10-5About, in the most commonly used 1550nm communication band, the forbidden bandwidth of the lasing channel is in the order of 10pm, and the lasing wavelength of the fiber grating laser changes in this order when the temperature changes by 1K. The minimum wavelength which can be resolved by a 1550nm waveband of a common spectrometer frequently used in an optical communication system is about 20pm, so that the common spectrometer is limited by precision, and the size and the change condition of external factors can not be accurately reflected by a method for directly measuring a lasing wavelength by the spectrometer. The frequency of light is very high, and the magnitude and the change condition of external factors cannot be accurately reflected by a method for directly measuring the frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a laser device introducing two adjustable distributed phase shifts into a fiber grating of a uniform grating or a uniform sampling grating and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a double-wavelength fiber laser with two uniform gratings with adjustable phase shift, wherein the gratings of the laser comprise a common uniform grating with a first part, a second part, a third part, a fourth part and a fifth part which are continuous, the gratings of the second part and the fourth part are lengthened due to the application of tensile stress with adjustable size, the grating periods of other parts which are not stressed are kept unchanged, and the whole grating becomes a chirp period grating with two parts respectively introduced with phase shift with adjustable distribution size.
The invention also provides a double-wavelength fiber laser with two uniform sampling gratings with adjustable phase shift, wherein the gratings of the laser comprise a first part, a second part, a third part, a fourth part and a fifth part which are continuous ordinary uniform sampling gratings, the gratings of the second part and the fourth part can be added with tensile stress with adjustable size to lengthen the grating period of a lasing channel besides equivalent phase shift with any size which can be preset in the lasing channel, the grating period in the lasing channels of other parts of gratings is kept unchanged, and the lasing channel of the whole grating becomes a chirp period grating with adjustable size and distribution phase shift introduced at two places respectively.
Furthermore, the first part, the second part, the fourth part and the fifth part of the grating of the two dual-wavelength fiber lasers have the same length, and the third part is twice as long as the other parts.
Furthermore, the second and fourth portions of the grating of the laser are pre-stressed in tension and then fixed to a fixing device that can be stretched or compressed.
The middle position of the third part of the grating of the laser is connected with a laser amplification device, such as an erbium-doped optical fiber optical amplifier and a semiconductor optical amplifier.
The invention also provides an acceleration sensor based on the dual-wavelength fiber laser, wherein the second part and the fourth part, which are pre-applied with tensile stress, in the grating of the laser are fixed on the same cantilever beam and other devices capable of amplifying tensile or compressive strain, and the beat frequency of the two lasing wavelengths of the laser and the change condition thereof reflect the magnitude and the change condition of the extra stress strain generated by the acceleration of the second part and the fourth part in the direction of stretching the fiber grating by the fixing device when the temperature is unchanged.
Furthermore, the invention also provides an acceleration sensor which is composed of three acceleration sensors which are vertically arranged together; when the temperature is unchanged, the beat frequency and the change condition of two lasing wavelengths of each sensor respectively reflect the magnitude and the change condition of acceleration components in three orthogonal directions.
The invention also provides a temperature sensor based on the dual-wavelength fiber laser, the magnitude of the pre-applied tensile stress of the second part and the fourth part of the grating of the laser is not changed, and the beat frequency of the two lasing wavelengths of the laser and the change condition are not influenced by the additional stress, so that the temperature of the position where the laser is located and the change condition are reflected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, a method of applying tensile stress to the second part and the fourth part of the continuous grating to change the grating period is adopted, and the distribution phase shift with any size can be conveniently introduced into two different positions in the lasing channel of any uniform grating or uniform sampling grating fiber laser without expensive electron beam exposure technology. The magnitude of two introduced distribution phase shifts can be adjusted at will by adjusting the magnitude of additionally applied tensile stress, so that two lasing wavelengths can be continuously adjusted within a lasing channel forbidden band range, and the dual-wavelength fiber laser is particularly suitable for manufacturing stress strain or acceleration sensors. In addition, when the pre-stress on the dual-wavelength fiber laser is not changed, the two lasing wavelengths of the dual-wavelength fiber laser only change along with the temperature, so that the dual-wavelength fiber laser can also be used for manufacturing a temperature sensor.
Secondly, when the beat frequency of the two lasing wavelengths and the change condition are measured, the measurement frequency is greatly reduced to the range which can be accurately measured by the most common electric frequency spectrograph, so that the magnitude and the change condition of external factors causing the change of the two lasing wavelengths can be accurately sensed by measuring the beat frequency, and the difficulty that the lasing wavelength or the frequency of the laser disclosed by the invention is difficult to accurately and directly measure by a conventional method is overcome. The second part and the fourth part of the optical grating which are pre-applied with tensile stress can be fixed on the same fixing device, and the implementation convenience of the invention is also improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a grating structure of a dual wavelength fiber laser of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual wavelength fiber laser or sensor according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the acceleration or temperature sensor according to the present invention, in which the second portion and the fourth portion of the grating are pre-stressed and then fixed to the same fixing device. The anchor device is illustrated as a strain amplifying cantilever beam, and the material of which is selected according to the characteristics of the sensed quantity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1. Introducing two fiber gratings with adjustable distribution phase shift into common uniform grating or uniform sampling grating
The structure is as shown in fig. 1, the grating along the whole fiber is a continuous uniform grating or a uniform sampling grating, the whole fiber grating is divided into five segments, including a first part, a second part, a third part, a fourth part and a fifth part, the grating length and the grating period of the lasing channel are slightly extended due to the tensile attraction effect of the second part (between A, B points shown in fig. 1) and the fourth part (between C, D points shown in fig. 1), and the grating length and the grating period of the lasing channel of the rest parts are kept unchanged.
In FIG. 1, Λ1Is the grating period, Λ, of the second part of the grating lasing channel stretched between points A and B2Is the grating period, Λ, of the fourth part of the gated lasing channel stretched between the C and D points0Is the grating period of the other part of the grating lasing channel that is not stretched. The second part and the fourth part of the grating can be fixed on the same or two different displacement tables, beams, columns or cables, and the like, and can be added with extra tensile stress with adjustable magnitude to change the grating period of the lasing channel, and the other parts of the grating are not applied with stress and the grating period of the lasing channel is kept unchanged. At this time, the whole lasing channel becomes a chirped period grating and introduces a distributed phase shift with adjustable size at the second part and the fourth part respectively.
The fiber grating of the laser can be a uniform grating with real phase shift or a uniform sampling grating with equivalent phase shift arranged in the middle part in advance. As a preferred structure of the present invention, the grating lengths of the first part, the second part, the fourth part and the fifth part of the fiber grating laser (sensor) are the same, and the grating length of the third part is twice that of the grating length of the first part (or the second part or the fourth part or the fifth part).
To briefly explain the principle of introducing a tunable distributed phase shift into the fiber grating of the laser of the present invention, assume an effective refractive index of neffGrating period of Λ0The common continuous uniform fiber grating is divided into three sections with the same length, the length of the middle part grating (the section between two points A, B shown in figure 1) is slightly elongated into L due to the action of the tensile attraction force, and correspondingly, the grating period of the middle part lasing channel is slightly elongated into Λ1. A distributed phase shift is introduced across the grating, the magnitude of which is shown simplified as
The size of the induced distribution phase shift can be adjusted by changing the size of the tensile attraction applied to the middle part, and the transmission peak of the fiber grating can be arbitrarily regulated and controlled to move in the forbidden band range.
When the uniform sampling grating is used as the grating for introducing the adjustable distribution phase shift into the laser, one of +/-1-level sub-gratings of the uniform sampling grating is usually selected as a lasing channel, and the lasing channel is an uniform grating, and the introduction and adjustment distribution phase shift mechanism is the same as that of the common uniform grating.
Even if a real phase shift or an equivalent phase shift is preset in the second part and the fourth part of the uniform grating or the uniform sampling grating of the laser, the combined effect of the introduced distributed phase shift and the real phase shift or the equivalent phase shift can be adjusted by changing the tensile attraction force applied to the second part and the fourth part of the grating, and the transmission peak of the fiber grating can be adjusted and controlled to move in the forbidden band range of a lasing channel.
Still using fig. 1 as an example to illustrate the stable working principle of the dual-wavelength fiber laser of the present invention. Since the fiber grating is usually several centimeters to several meters long, when the grating structure shown in fig. 1 is optically pumped, two dominant lasing modes can be formed at two phase shift center positions, and the lasing wavelengths of the two dominant lasing modes can be different. Because the dominant gain (oscillation) positions of the two dominant lasing modes are separated from each other by a longer distance, mode competition between the two dominant lasing modes is not too violent and the lasing of the two dominant lasing modes is suppressed too much, and the situation enables the dual-wavelength fiber laser to be similar to the situation that two single-wavelength fiber lasers are connected in series, so that the dual-wavelength fiber laser can maintain stable dual-mode lasing.
2. The invention relates to a dual-wavelength fiber grating laser and the principle of using the same as an accelerometer (or stress strain) and a temperature sensor
The core part of the fiber laser uses the fiber grating with two adjustable phase shifts as the frequency-selecting grating.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical dual-wavelength fiber laser structure, in which an optical isolator is used to allow the newly generated laser to pass through in one direction and block the pump laser, and an optical amplifier of this structure and an optical amplifier disposed in the middle of the third partial grating are used to reduce mode competition between two lasing wavelengths, so as to obtain a more stable dual-mode output.
When the laser of fig. 2 is used as an accelerometer or a stress-strain sensor, it is necessary to pre-apply a constant tensile strain to the second and fourth partial gratings while setting their tensile direction in a direction parallel to the stress strain to be measured, and then the laser outputs two laser modes of different wavelengths; when external stress strain is additionally applied, the two lasing wavelengths correspondingly change, and the magnitude, direction and change of the external stress strain or acceleration are reflected by measuring the magnitude and change of the two lasing wavelengths or beat frequency.
When the laser shown in fig. 2 is used as a temperature sensor, the second part and the fourth part of the grating are required to be pre-stressed with unchanged tensile strain, when the external temperature changes, the two lasing wavelengths correspondingly change, and the environmental temperature and the change condition are reflected by measuring the size and the change of the two lasing wavelengths or the beat frequency.
Fig. 3 is a suspension beam device capable of amplifying external additional applied stress (strain), and the second part and the fourth part of the grating can be fixed on the same suspension beam after different strains are pre-applied. The suspension beam can amplify extra strain caused by external factors, so that the measurement precision can be improved.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The above description is only for the best mode of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A uniform grating dual wavelength fiber laser with two adjustable phase shifts, comprising: the grating of the laser comprises a common uniform grating with a first part, a second part, a third part, a fourth part and a fifth part which are continuous, the grating period of the second part and the fourth part is prolonged because tensile stress with adjustable magnitude is applied to the grating, the grating period of other parts without stress is kept unchanged, and the whole grating becomes a chirp period grating with two positions respectively introduced with phase shift with adjustable magnitude distribution.
2. A uniform sampling grating dual-wavelength fiber laser with two adjustable phase shifts is characterized in that: the grating of the laser comprises a common uniform sampling grating with a first part, a second part, a third part, a fourth part and a fifth part which are continuous, wherein the second part and the fourth part of the grating can be added with tensile stress with adjustable size to prolong the grating period of a lasing channel besides equivalent phase shift with any size which can be preset in the lasing channel, the grating period in the lasing channels of other parts of the grating is kept unchanged, and the lasing channel of the whole grating becomes a chirp period grating with distribution phase shift with adjustable size introduced at two positions.
3. A dual wavelength fiber laser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the first part, the second part, the fourth part and the fifth part of the grating of the laser are the same in length, and the third part is twice as long as the other parts.
4. A dual wavelength fiber laser according to claims 1-3, wherein: the second part and the fourth part of the grating of the laser are fixed on a fixing device which can be stretched or compressed to deform after being pre-stressed in tension.
5. A dual wavelength fiber laser as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the middle position of the third part of the grating of the laser is connected with a laser amplification device, such as an erbium-doped optical fiber optical amplifier and a semiconductor optical amplifier.
6. Acceleration sensor based on the dual wavelength fiber laser of claims 4-5, characterized in that: the second part and the fourth part of the grating of the laser, which are pre-applied with tensile stress, are fixed on the same cantilever beam and other devices capable of amplifying tensile or compressive strain, and the beat frequency of two lasing wavelengths of the laser and the change condition thereof reflect the magnitude and the change condition of the extra stress strain generated by the acceleration of the second part and the fourth part when the temperature is not changed.
7. An acceleration sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: the acceleration sensor is composed of three acceleration sensors of claim 6, mounted perpendicular to each other.
8. A temperature sensor based on the dual wavelength fiber laser of claims 4-5, characterized in that: the magnitude of the pre-applied tensile stress of the second part and the fourth part of the grating of the laser is not changed, and the beat frequency of the two lasing wavelengths of the laser and the change condition of the two lasing wavelengths of the laser are not influenced by the action of additional stress, so that the temperature and the change condition of the position of the laser are reflected.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210169419.4A CN114552357A (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Dual-wavelength fiber laser and application |
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| CN202210169419.4A CN114552357A (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Dual-wavelength fiber laser and application |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101320884A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-12-10 | 华中科技大学 | Chirp phase shift optical fiber optical grating and optical fiber laser based on the same |
| US20090010295A1 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2009-01-08 | Nanjing Unversity | Distributed Feedback Semiconductor Laser Based on Reconstruction-Equivalent-Chirp Technology and the Manufacture Method of the Same |
| US20150295381A1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2015-10-15 | Fei Luo | Q-switched all-fiber laser |
| CN105071219A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-11-18 | 常州工学院 | Adjustable dual-wavelength distributed feedback semiconductor laser device |
| CN106526231A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-22 | 常州工学院 | Phase shift grating fiber laser-based acceleration measuring detection head and device |
| CN107946887A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-04-20 | 常州工学院 | A kind of fiber grating dual laser and device based on special equivalent phase shift |
| CN111338020A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-26 | 常州工学院 | Uniform fiber grating device capable of introducing adjustable phase shift and application |
-
2022
- 2022-02-23 CN CN202210169419.4A patent/CN114552357A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090010295A1 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2009-01-08 | Nanjing Unversity | Distributed Feedback Semiconductor Laser Based on Reconstruction-Equivalent-Chirp Technology and the Manufacture Method of the Same |
| US20150295381A1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2015-10-15 | Fei Luo | Q-switched all-fiber laser |
| CN101320884A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-12-10 | 华中科技大学 | Chirp phase shift optical fiber optical grating and optical fiber laser based on the same |
| CN105071219A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-11-18 | 常州工学院 | Adjustable dual-wavelength distributed feedback semiconductor laser device |
| CN106526231A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-22 | 常州工学院 | Phase shift grating fiber laser-based acceleration measuring detection head and device |
| CN107946887A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-04-20 | 常州工学院 | A kind of fiber grating dual laser and device based on special equivalent phase shift |
| CN111338020A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-26 | 常州工学院 | Uniform fiber grating device capable of introducing adjustable phase shift and application |
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