CN114549360A - Multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance decomposition method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application relates to a decomposition method, a device, equipment and a medium for a multi-energy CT (computed tomography) de-scattering noise-reducing substance, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the acquired energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of the multi-energy spectrum imaging system and the ray transmission intensity information detected when scanning the object to be imaged are subjected to dimension reduction processing, and generating decomposed and expanded projection data items based on the obtained scattered ray transmission intensity information and a plurality of corresponding energy spectrum data information with different equivalent energies, and decomposing a base material of an object to be imaged by utilizing the decomposed and expanded projection data items to obtain a decomposition result of a multi-energy CT scattered-scattering noise-reducing substance, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of radiation imaging technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a medium for resolving a multi-energy CT (Computed Tomography) backscatter noise reduction material.
Background
X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is an important imaging technique and is widely used in the fields of medical diagnosis and treatment, industrial nondestructive testing, safety inspection, and the like. The basic principle of CT is to reconstruct an image of an attenuated X-ray signal received by a detector according to different absorption capacities of different substances for X-rays, thereby obtaining a tomographic or three-dimensional image of a scanned object.
In recent decades, dual/multi-energy CT technology has developed rapidly. In 2006, the first generation medical dual-energy CT system effort was applied clinically. Compared with single-energy spectrum CT, the dual-energy CT acquires CT projection data acquired under two different equivalent energy spectrums, and then the physical model is decomposed based on substances, so that multi-dimensional scanned information such as substance components, virtual single-energy images and the like is acquired. The dual-energy CT greatly improves the identification capability of CT imaging substances, the contrast-to-noise ratio, the reduction of metal artifacts, the inhibition of beam hardening artifacts and the like, and is an important research direction in the current CT imaging field.
The currently mature medical dual-energy CT technology mainly comprises the following steps: dual source dual detector technology, fast kilovolt switching technology, dual layer detector technology, and the like. These dual-energy imaging techniques all have extremely high requirements on CT hardware. In recent years, new dual/multi-energy imaging techniques and methods have also begun to emerge with relatively low hardware requirements. One of the energy spectrum modulation techniques is that a filtering material with a certain space distribution structure is placed between a ray source and an object to be imaged, so that the space distribution of the X-ray intensity and the ray energy spectrum when the X-ray reaches the object to be scanned are changed, and therefore multi-energy imaging is realized.
Ray scattering is a physical problem in the field of CT imaging, and also severely restricts the dual-energy/multi-energy CT imaging performance. Ideal CT imaging theory holds that X-rays will follow an exponential decay law as they pass through the object, the exponential part being the line integral of the attenuation coefficient of the object, without taking into account the effects of ray scattering. However, in actual CT scanning, scattered photons reaching the detector are also collected, and the occurrence of a scattered signal causes an obvious deviation of an original line integral model, which causes scattering artifacts in an image and reduces the quality of a reconstructed image. Ray scattering can cause decomposition deviation of dual-energy/multi-energy CT materials, and the quantitative performance of CT energy spectrum imaging is influenced.
Therefore, the energy spectrum modulation technology is expected to establish a unified physical model and processing mechanism on material decomposition and scattering correction, but needs to be synergistically created on data processing and imaging algorithms.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a decomposition method, a decomposition device and a decomposition medium for a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance, which aim to solve the problems that the occurrence of ray scattering signals can cause the decomposition deviation of an original line integral model, namely a dual-energy/multi-energy CT substance, so that scattering artifacts appear in an image, the quality of a reconstructed image is reduced, the quantitative performance of CT energy spectrum imaging is influenced, and the like.
The embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a decomposition method of a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance, which includes the following steps:
acquiring energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned, and performing dimensionality reduction on the energy spectrum data information of the N different equivalent energies and the ray transmission intensity information respectively to obtain scattered ray transmission intensity information and corresponding energy spectrum data information of a plurality of different equivalent energies, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3;
generating projection data items for decomposition and expansion based on the scattered ray transmission intensity information and corresponding energy spectrum data information of a plurality of different equivalent energies; and
and carrying out base material decomposition on the object to be imaged by using the projection data items subjected to decomposition and expansion to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT scattering-removing noise-reducing substance.
According to an embodiment of the application, the generating of the projection data items of the decomposition expansion based on the information of the transmission intensity of the scattered rays and the corresponding information of the energy spectrum data of a plurality of different equivalent energies comprises:
converting transmission intensity in the scattered ray transmission intensity information into projection data;
and decomposing the projection data, and carrying out Taylor expansion on partial decomposition items to obtain projection data items of the decomposition expansion.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the decomposing the projection data items to be decomposed and expanded to perform a base material decomposition on the object to be imaged to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance, includes:
and filtering the sum of Taylor expansion terms of the projection data items which are decomposed and expanded integrally, or reducing the noise of each item of the Taylor expansion terms by utilizing a preset filtering mode and a preset denoising mode.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the decomposing the projection data items to be decomposed and expanded to perform a base material decomposition on the object to be imaged to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance, further includes:
and denoising the part of the projection data item which is decomposed and expanded and is not subjected to Taylor expansion, and decomposing substances based on the optimized processing result after denoising and filtering processing to obtain the decomposition result.
According to the decomposition method of the multi-energy CT scattering-removing and noise-reducing substance, energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned are obtained, dimension reduction processing is respectively carried out on the energy spectrum data information, a projection data item which is decomposed and unfolded is generated on the basis of the obtained scattering-removing ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectrum data information of the multiple different equivalent energies, and a base material decomposition is carried out on the object to be imaged by using the projection data item which is decomposed and unfolded to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT scattering-removing and noise-reducing substance. Therefore, the problems that decomposition deviation of an original line integral model, namely a dual-energy/multi-energy CT material, occurs due to the occurrence of ray scattering signals during CT scanning, scattering artifacts occur in images, reconstructed image quality is reduced, quantitative performance of CT energy spectrum imaging is affected and the like are solved, and optimization processing such as efficient noise reduction of data is achieved while decomposition of scattering correction materials is removed.
The embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance decomposition device, including:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned, and respectively performing dimension reduction processing on the energy spectrum data information of the N different equivalent energies and the ray transmission intensity information to obtain scattered ray transmission intensity information and corresponding energy spectrum data information of a plurality of different equivalent energies, wherein N is an integer more than or equal to 3;
the generating module is used for generating projection data items which are decomposed and unfolded based on the scattered ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectrum data information with a plurality of different equivalent energies; and
and the decomposition module is used for decomposing the base material of the object to be imaged by utilizing the projection data items which are decomposed and unfolded to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT scattering-removing noise-reducing substance.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the generating module is specifically configured to:
converting transmission intensity in the scattered ray transmission intensity information into projection data;
and decomposing the projection data, and carrying out Taylor expansion on partial decomposition items to obtain projection data items of the decomposition expansion.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the decomposition module is specifically configured to:
and filtering the sum of Taylor expansion terms of the projection data items which are decomposed and expanded integrally, or reducing the noise of each item of the Taylor expansion terms by utilizing a preset filtering mode and a preset denoising mode.
According to an embodiment of the application, the decomposition module is further configured to:
and denoising the part of the projection data item which is decomposed and expanded and is not subjected to Taylor expansion, and decomposing substances based on the optimized processing result after denoising and filtering processing to obtain the decomposition result.
According to the decomposition device for the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance, energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned are obtained, dimension reduction processing is respectively carried out on the energy spectrum data information, a projection data item which is decomposed and expanded is generated on the basis of the obtained de-scattering ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectrum data information of the multiple different equivalent energies, and a base material decomposition is carried out on the object to be imaged by using the projection data item which is decomposed and expanded to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance. Therefore, the problems that decomposition deviation of an original line integral model, namely a dual-energy/multi-energy CT material, occurs due to the occurrence of ray scattering signals during CT scanning, scattering artifacts occur in images, reconstructed image quality is reduced, quantitative performance of CT energy spectrum imaging is affected and the like are solved, and optimization processing such as efficient noise reduction of data is achieved while decomposition of scattering correction materials is removed.
An embodiment of a third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including: the system comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the multi-energy CT de-scattering and noise-reducing substance decomposition method according to the embodiment.
A fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the program is executed by a processor, so as to implement the method for decomposing a multi-energy CT backscatter noise-reducing substance as in the foregoing embodiments.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
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The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a decomposition method of a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a focal spot of an X-ray source during CT imaging according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic decomposition diagram of pre-filtered water, post-filtered water, pre-filtered iodine, and post-filtered iodine provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a decomposition method of a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an energy CT de-scattering and de-noising material decomposition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance decomposition method, device, apparatus and medium according to the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Aiming at the problems that the occurrence of ray scattering signals in CT scanning can cause the decomposition deviation of an original line integral model, namely a dual-energy/multi-energy CT material, so as to cause scattering artifacts in images, reduce the quality of reconstructed images, influence the quantitative performance of CT energy spectrum imaging and the like, the center of the prior art provides a decomposition method of a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing material, in the method, energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned are obtained, dimension reduction processing is respectively carried out on the energy spectrum data information and the ray transmission intensity information, and generating decomposed and expanded projection data items based on the obtained scattered ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectrum data information with a plurality of different equivalent energies, and performing base material decomposition on the object to be imaged by using the decomposed and expanded projection data items to obtain a multi-energy CT scattered and noise reduction substance decomposition result. Therefore, the problems that decomposition deviation of an original line integral model, namely a dual-energy/multi-energy CT material, occurs due to the occurrence of ray scattering signals during CT scanning, scattering artifacts occur in images, reconstructed image quality is reduced, quantitative performance of CT energy spectrum imaging is affected and the like are solved, and optimization processing such as efficient noise reduction of data is achieved while decomposition of scattering correction materials is removed.
Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a decomposition method of a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1, the decomposition method of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance includes the following steps:
in step S101, obtaining N energy spectrum data information of different equivalent energies of the multi-energy spectrum imaging system and radiation transmission intensity information detected when scanning an object to be imaged, performing dimension reduction processing on the N energy spectrum data information of different equivalent energies and the radiation transmission intensity information respectively to obtain de-scattered radiation transmission intensity information and corresponding multiple energy spectrum data information of different equivalent energies, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, that is, in the embodiment of the application, the three-energy or more than three-energy spectral information and the ray transmission intensity information detected when the object to be imaged is scanned are obtained, the three-energy or more than three-energy spectral information and the ray transmission intensity information are subjected to the dimension reduction processing respectively to obtain the scattered ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectral data information with a plurality of different equivalent energies, the corresponding energy spectrum data information with a plurality of different equivalent energies is dual-energy or more energy spectrum information.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the energy spectrum { S ] at multiple energies can be transformed according to CT imaging theoryi(E) I-1, 2, 3 and the intensity of the radiation that passes through the scanned object onto the detector IiAnd i is a relationship of 1, 2, 3, expressed as:
wherein, mu1(E) And mu2(E) Respectively corresponding attenuation values, L, of two base materials1And L2For equivalent path integrals (i.e. weight coefficient projections) of the two base materials, IsiFor in the light source energy spectrum Si(E) The scattering intensity of (b).
Further, in the embodiment of the application, dimension reduction processing is performed on the energy spectrum data information with N different equivalent energies to obtain corresponding energy spectrum data information with a plurality of different equivalent energies;
specifically, the form of the dimensionality reduction function may be expressed as:
Sij(E)＝gij(Si(E)-Sj(E) ) or Sij(E)＝Si(E)-Sj(E)； (2)
Wherein S isij(E) For new spectral data information after dimension reduction, Si(E) And Sj(E) Respectively are two energy spectrum data information (namely S) with different equivalent energies in the original energy spectrum data information with N different equivalent energiesi(E) The energy spectrum is one of the multi-energy spectrum information before dimensionality reduction; s. thej(E) For another spectrum in the multi-spectrum information before dimensionality reduction), g)ijIndicating that the energy spectrum data information of different equivalent energies is optimized. That is, by S representing different equivalent energiesi(E) S represents different equivalent energiesj(E) Respectively reducing dimensions to obtain new energy spectrum data information S with different equivalent energiesij(E)。
Performing dimensionality reduction on the ray transmission intensity information to obtain the scattered ray transmission intensity information, which can be expressed as:
Iij＝fij(Ii-Ij) Or Iij＝Ii-Ij； (3)
Wherein, IijFor new radiation transmission intensity information, IiAnd IjFor ray transmission intensity information corresponding to different original energy spectra, fijIndicating that the radiation transmission intensity information is optimized.
In step S102, a projection data item for decomposition expansion is generated based on the information of the transmission intensity of the backscattered radiation and the corresponding information of the energy spectrum data of a plurality of different equivalent energies.
Further, in some embodiments, generating a decomposition-expanded projection data item based on the de-scattered radiation transmission intensity information and the corresponding plurality of energy spectrum data information of different equivalent energies includes: converting the transmission intensity in the scattered ray transmission intensity information into projection data; decomposing the projection data, and carrying out Taylor expansion on partial decomposition items to obtain projection data items subjected to decomposition and expansion, wherein the projection data items subjected to decomposition and expansion are decomposition items containing Taylor expansion items.
In step S103, the decomposition of the basis material is performed on the object to be imaged by using the decomposed and expanded projection data item, so as to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance.
Further, in some embodiments, the decomposing the projection data items to be decomposed and expanded to perform the base material decomposition on the object to be imaged to obtain the decomposition result of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance, including: and filtering the sum of Taylor expansion terms of the projection data items which are decomposed and expanded integrally, or reducing the noise of each item of the Taylor expansion terms by utilizing a preset filtering mode and a preset denoising mode.
Further, in some embodiments, the decomposing the projection data items to be decomposed and expanded to perform the base material decomposition on the object to be imaged to obtain the decomposition result of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance, further includes: and denoising the part of the projection data item which is decomposed and expanded and is not subjected to Taylor expansion, and decomposing substances based on the optimized processing result after denoising and filtering processing to obtain a decomposition result.
Specifically, the base material decomposition is carried out on the object to be imaged according to the scattered ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectrum data information with a plurality of different equivalent energies. Based on the steps, the characteristic that the scattering distribution under different energy spectrums in a specific imaging mode has high correlation is utilized, so that the following steps can be approximately considered: i iss1≈Is2≈Is3≈Is. The new transmission intensity result obtained by eliminating the scattering term through dimensionality reduction corresponds to the following formula (1):
Iij＝Ii-fij(Ij)＝∫[Si(E)-gij(Sj(E))]exp(-μ1(E)L1-μ2(E)L2)dE； (4)
wherein, fij(Ij) Is carried out on x according to the pixel position of the detectorInterpolation of position, or other pairs IjAnd optimizing the processing result. gij(Sj(E) Is a corresponding optimization process for the energy spectrum. At the same time, also can be to Ii、Si(E) Optimizing to obtain the effect and the pair Ij、Sj(E) The treatment effect is the same. Wherein, fij(Ij)、gij(Sj(E) A special case of (j ═ 1, 2, 3) is: (i.e., optimization may not be performed).
fij(Ij)＝Ij； (5)
gij(Sj(E))＝Sj(E)； (6)
Wherein, in the equation, I1，I2，I3，S1(E)，S2(E)，S3(E)，μ1(E)，μ2(E) Are all known, demand solution L1，L2. In the embodiment of the application, two unknowns are solved by two equations, the decomposition of the base material substance or the image reconstruction can be directly carried out by adopting various methods such as iterative solution, a lookup table method, a polynomial fitting method and the like, and the L can also be obtained by only utilizing part of multi-energy data1，L2The obtained L1 and L2 can be used according to the formula
And recalculating the scattering, obtaining integral scattering estimation by utilizing the similarity of the scattering in the neighborhood distribution, and then combining part of dual-energy data or single-energy data to carry out material decomposition containing scattering correction or sparse data reconstruction.
Further, when the data after the dimension reduction processing is performed with material decomposition, noise becomes large due to dimension reduction operation (such as subtraction), and the material decomposition itself is sensitive to noise, so that the material decomposition after the dimension reduction processing needs to reduce noise in time.
Specifically, in the material decomposition, the transmission intensity is usually converted into projection data, and the expression can be expressed as:
wherein I is the transmission intensity through the object, I0Is the intensity of the X-rays that do not pass through the object.
Therefore, after the dimension reduction processing, first, the optimization processing function f is not consideredij(·)，gij(. to) take direct subtraction as an example, the projection data after dimension reduction obtained by simplified representation can be represented as:
wherein, it is noted that the subscripts or superscripts L, M, H denote different energy spectra, PL′PH' denotes projection data after the dimension reduction process.
Secondly, if the dimension reduction is not performed, the original projection data for material decomposition is:
further, the formula (10) is decomposed and Taylor expansion is carried out to obtain:
wherein, as shown in the above formula, the projection data after the dimensionality reduction can be written as the sum of the projection data originally used for material decomposition and the subsequent term after the Taylor expansion. It is to be noted that I0The transmitted intensity when the light does not pass through the object does not change along with the change of the scanning angle generally, and the noise is small, so that the light can be transmitted by the light source
Considered as a noise-free term. Compared with directly using PL，PMThe material decomposition is carried out, and the additional noise brought by the material decomposition is mainly derived from the dimension reduction processing operation for scattering correction
For the
Not only can the summation be filtered integrally, but also can be independently reduced by filtering or other denoising methods
Noise in the figure.
In addition, the first two terms (not subjected to taylor expansion) decomposed by the equations (11) - (12) can also be subjected to denoising processing in the embodiment of the present application, and the denoising degree of the first two terms can also be adjusted, for example, the denoising degree of the first two terms is lighter, so that the noise can be better suppressed under the condition that the original characteristics are maintained.
For example, can be by means of ILAnd IHBy means of co-operative bilateral filtering with a lower noise ILFor reference picture, pair IHAnd (6) filtering. (considered herein as I)LData corresponding to low-energy X-rays are represented, and the noise is low; i isHIndicating that the energetic data is noisy), or directly on
A de-noising algorithm is used. E.g. based on 3-dimensional block matching filtering (BM3D), low-pass filtering, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, a collaborative bilateral filtering is taken as an example, that is, filtering is performed in a projection domain and an image domain respectively. When filtering is performed in the projection domain, material decomposition is performed before and after filtering, and observation of the decomposed images before and after water and iodine decomposition filtering is shown in fig. 3(a), 3(b), 3(c) and 3(d), and it can be seen from the graphs that the noise level of the image after filtering is significantly reduced, and the graphsLike maintaining a better decomposition effect. In fig. 3(a), the region (i) in the box is the background region, and the regions (i), (ii), and (iv) are selected as the region of interest (ROI), Return On Investment), and the evaluation index contrast to noise ratio (snr) is evaluated
Wherein, muiIs the mean value of the region i, μbIs the average value of the background area,
is the variance of the region i and,
is the background region variance. Wherein, the evaluation results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| CNR \ region | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Raw water split image | 3.447 | 3.171 | 2.817 |
| Filtered water-decomposed images | 9.787 | 9.323 | 8.275 |
As can be seen from the table, the noise level of the filtered image is significantly improved, and the contrast-to-noise ratio is greatly improved. It is noted that, for
The filtering can also be carried out in the image domain, and can be carried out first
Or
After the whole is processed by the projection domain or not, the whole is reconstructed into an image, and then the image is filtered; can also be in pair
Or
During reconstruction, some constraint items such as similarity constraint, TV constraint and the like are added, so that the original characteristics of the image are better kept, and then the processed image is obtained by forward projection
Or
Optionally, in addition to
Filtering is carried out, and the expansion previous item can be further processed
Filtering is performed so that the result is better. While
As an approximationConstant terms, can also be combined
They are added together and filtered so that the image background area value tends to 0. After the optimization process, material decomposition is performed based on the new data to achieve material decomposition with scattering correction.
It should be noted that after the image domain processing is performed, the processed projection data obtained by forward projecting the image may be used for material decomposition; the processed dual-energy image can be directly obtained by staying at the filtered image without forward projection and directly adding the reconstructed images of other terms of the formulas (11) and (12) to the filtered image, and then the image domain substance decomposition is carried out. Wherein, both the projection domain and the image domain can only take the k term before Taylor expansion to make the k term smoother, and the two methods can be used together by superposition.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present application, the number k of taylor expansion terms is selected, which may be adjusted according to the X-ray energy spectrum during scanning and the scanned object, and it may not be necessary to select a very large k to ensure that the result is almost completely consistent with that before expansion, and when k is selected to be smaller, it may be possible to make k be smaller
Smoother and also suppresses noise to some extent. However, even when the k value is small, a significant deviation in value occurs, and a tradeoff is required.
In summary, as shown in fig. 4, in order to facilitate those skilled in the art to further understand the decomposition method of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance according to the embodiment of the present application, the following steps are further described:
s401, acquiring energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned.
S402, performing dimensionality reduction processing on the energy spectrum data information and the ray transmission intensity information with the N different equivalent energies to obtain the scattered ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectrum data information with the multiple different equivalent energies, and generating the scattered dual-energy or tri-energy and above projection data.
And S403, decomposing the de-scattered projection data and performing Taylor expansion on partial decomposition terms.
S404, filtering the whole Taylor expansion sum of the decomposition terms, or independently reducing the noise of each expansion term of the Taylor expansion by using a preset filtering mode and a denoising mode, or denoising the part of the decomposition terms which is not subjected to the Taylor expansion.
S405, performing substance decomposition by using the projection data with double energy or three energy or more after noise reduction to obtain a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reduction substance decomposition result.
According to the decomposition method of the multi-energy CT scattering-removing and noise-reducing substance, energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned are obtained, dimension reduction processing is respectively carried out on the energy spectrum data information, a projection data item which is decomposed and unfolded is generated on the basis of the obtained scattering-removing ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectrum data information of the multiple different equivalent energies, and a base material decomposition is carried out on the object to be imaged by using the projection data item which is decomposed and unfolded to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT scattering-removing and noise-reducing substance. Therefore, the problems that decomposition deviation of an original line integral model, namely a dual-energy/multi-energy CT material, occurs due to the occurrence of ray scattering signals during CT scanning, scattering artifacts occur in images, reconstructed image quality is reduced, quantitative performance of CT energy spectrum imaging is affected and the like are solved, and optimization processing such as efficient noise reduction of data is achieved while decomposition of scattering correction materials is removed.
Next, a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance decomposition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a multi-energy CT de-scattering and de-noising material decomposition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 5, the multi-energy CT backscatter noise reduction substance decomposition device 10 includes: an acquisition module 100, a generation module 200 and a decomposition module 300.
The acquisition module 100 is configured to acquire energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and radiation transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned, and perform dimension reduction processing on the energy spectrum data information and the radiation transmission intensity information of the multiple different equivalent energies respectively to obtain backscatter radiation transmission intensity information and corresponding energy spectrum data information of the multiple different equivalent energies;
the generation module 200 is configured to generate a projection data item for decomposition and expansion based on the information of the transmission intensity of the backscattered radiation and the corresponding information of the energy spectrum data with a plurality of different equivalent energies; and
the decomposition module 300 is configured to perform a base material decomposition on the object to be imaged by using the projection data items obtained by decomposition and expansion to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance.
Further, in some embodiments, the generating module 200 is specifically configured to:
the transmission intensity in the transmission intensity information of the de-scattered radiation is converted into projection data.
And decomposing the projection data, and carrying out Taylor expansion on partial decomposition terms to obtain decomposition terms containing Taylor expansion terms.
Further, in some embodiments, the decomposition module 300 is specifically configured to:
and filtering the sum of Taylor expansion terms of the projection data items which are decomposed and expanded integrally, or reducing the noise of each item of the Taylor expansion terms by utilizing a preset filtering mode and a preset denoising mode.
Further, in some embodiments, the decomposition module 300 is further configured to:
and denoising the part of the projection data item which is decomposed and expanded and is not subjected to Taylor expansion, and decomposing substances based on the optimized processing result after denoising and filtering processing to obtain a decomposition result.
According to the decomposition device for the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance, energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned are obtained, dimension reduction processing is respectively carried out on the energy spectrum data information, a projection data item which is decomposed and expanded is generated on the basis of the obtained de-scattering ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectrum data information of the multiple different equivalent energies, and a base material decomposition is carried out on the object to be imaged by using the projection data item which is decomposed and expanded to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance. Therefore, the problems that decomposition deviation of an original line integral model, namely a dual-energy/multi-energy CT material, occurs due to the occurrence of ray scattering signals during CT scanning, scattering artifacts occur in images, reconstructed image quality is reduced, quantitative performance of CT energy spectrum imaging is affected and the like are solved, and optimization processing such as efficient noise reduction of data is achieved while decomposition of scattering correction materials is removed.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may include:
a memory 601, a processor 602, and a computer program stored on the memory 601 and executable on the processor 602.
The processor 602 executes the program to implement the multi-energy CT de-scattering and noise-reducing substance decomposition method provided in the above embodiments.
Further, the electronic device further includes:
a communication interface 603 for communication between the memory 601 and the processor 602.
The memory 601 is used for storing computer programs that can be run on the processor 602.
If the memory 601, the processor 602 and the communication interface 603 are implemented independently, the communication interface 603, the memory 601 and the processor 602 may be connected to each other through a bus and perform communication with each other. The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended ISA (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 6, but this is not intended to represent only one bus or type of bus.
Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 601, the processor 602, and the communication interface 603 are integrated on a chip, the memory 601, the processor 602, and the communication interface 603 may complete mutual communication through an internal interface.
The processor 602 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more Integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present Application.
The present embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance decomposition method as above.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "N" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more N executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the embodiments of the present application.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or N wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware that is related to instructions of a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance decomposition method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned, and performing dimensionality reduction on the energy spectrum data information of the N different equivalent energies and the ray transmission intensity information respectively to obtain scattered ray transmission intensity information and corresponding energy spectrum data information of a plurality of different equivalent energies, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3;
generating projection data items for decomposition and expansion based on the scattered ray transmission intensity information and corresponding energy spectrum data information of a plurality of different equivalent energies; and
and carrying out base material decomposition on the object to be imaged by using the projection data items subjected to decomposition and expansion to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT scattering-removing noise-reducing substance.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a decomposition-unwrapped projection data item based on the de-scattered ray-transmitted intensity information and corresponding spectral data information at a plurality of different equivalent energies comprises:
converting transmission intensity in the scattered ray transmission intensity information into projection data;
and decomposing the projection data, and carrying out Taylor expansion on partial decomposition items to obtain projection data items of the decomposition expansion.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the decomposing the projection data items to be expanded by the decomposition to perform a basis material decomposition on the object to be imaged to obtain a multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance decomposition result comprises:
and filtering the sum of Taylor expansion terms of the projection data items which are decomposed and expanded integrally, or reducing the noise of each item of the Taylor expansion terms by utilizing a preset filtering mode and a preset denoising mode.
4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the decomposing the projection data items to be developed by using the decomposition to perform a basis material decomposition on the object to be imaged to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing substance, further comprising:
and denoising the part of the projection data item which is decomposed and expanded and is not subjected to Taylor expansion, and decomposing substances based on the optimized processing result after denoising and filtering processing to obtain the decomposition result.
5. A multi-energy CT de-scattering noise-reducing material decomposition device, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring energy spectrum data information of N different equivalent energies of a multi-energy spectrum imaging system and ray transmission intensity information detected when an object to be imaged is scanned, and respectively performing dimension reduction processing on the energy spectrum data information of the N different equivalent energies and the ray transmission intensity information to obtain scattered ray transmission intensity information and corresponding energy spectrum data information of a plurality of different equivalent energies, wherein N is an integer more than or equal to 3;
the generating module is used for generating projection data items which are decomposed and unfolded based on the scattered ray transmission intensity information and the corresponding energy spectrum data information with a plurality of different equivalent energies; and
and the decomposition module is used for decomposing the base material of the object to be imaged by utilizing the projection data items which are decomposed and unfolded to obtain a decomposition result of the multi-energy CT scattering-removing noise-reducing substance.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the generating module is specifically configured to:
converting transmission intensity in the scattered ray transmission intensity information into projection data;
and decomposing the projection data, and carrying out Taylor expansion on partial decomposition items to obtain projection data items of the decomposition expansion.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the decomposition module is specifically configured to:
and filtering the sum of Taylor expansion terms of the projection data items which are decomposed and expanded integrally, or reducing the noise of each item of the Taylor expansion terms by utilizing a preset filtering mode and a preset denoising mode.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 or 7, wherein the decomposition module is further configured to:
and denoising the part of the projection data item which is decomposed and expanded and is not subjected to Taylor expansion, and decomposing substances based on the optimized processing result after denoising and filtering processing to obtain the decomposition result.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to realize the multi-energy CT backscatter and noise reduction substance decomposition method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the program being executed by a processor for implementing the method of multi-energy CT backscatter noise reduction material decomposition of any one of claims 1-4.
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