CN114544194A - Vehicle road noise evaluation method based on spectrum analysis - Google Patents
Vehicle road noise evaluation method based on spectrum analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle road noise evaluation method based on spectral analysis, which subjectively evaluates road noise through manpower and acquires road noise data through acquisition equipment; and then, carrying out spectrum analysis on the road noise data, dividing the road noise data into a plurality of frequency bands, calculating the root mean square value of the road noise data by dividing the frequency bands, carrying out normalization processing on the root mean square value of the road noise data, and carrying out linear regression analysis on the data after the normalization processing and the subjectively evaluated data so as to obtain the influence degree of the road noise of different frequency bands on the subjective evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of road noise spectrum analysis, in particular to a vehicle road noise evaluation method based on spectrum analysis.
Background
Road noise is the most common noise in vehicle running, and road noise performance development is the most conventional content in vehicle NVH performance development. In the road noise evaluation, the root mean square value of the weight A in the whole frequency band of the test sound is usually used as a development index, namely the weight A OA value, but actually the weight of the road noise OA value is not completely consistent with the road noise perception of a driver, and the road noise level of a vehicle cannot be reflected, so that the frequency component of the road noise needs to be analyzed, the accurate relation between the subjective evaluation of the road noise and an objective test frequency spectrum is established, the key frequency of the road noise development can be determined, and the required road noise performance can be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vehicle road noise evaluation method based on spectral analysis, so as to accurately calculate the difference of contribution amounts of noise of different frequency bands in road noise to subjective feelings of people.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a technical scheme that: a vehicle road noise evaluation method based on spectrum analysis comprises the following steps,
s1, enabling a plurality of test vehicles to run on a test road surface, enabling test personnel to be located in a passenger cabin, and giving subjective evaluation data according to road noise when the vehicles run; collecting road noise data of a driving position by using collection equipment; each test vehicle acquires a plurality of groups of road noise data and subjective evaluation data;
for each test vehicle's test data, the following steps are performed,
s101, preprocessing subjective evaluation data to obtain final subjective evaluation data;
s102, screening road noise data, performing spectrum analysis on each set of screened road noise data, dividing a plurality of frequency bands, and calculating the root mean square value of each frequency band of road noise data; averaging the frequency bands of the root mean square values of the road noise data of each group to be used as the root mean square values of the road noise data of each frequency band of the test vehicle;
s2, normalizing the root mean square values of the road noise data of all the frequency bands of all the tested vehicles;
s3, performing multiple linear regression analysis according to the final subjective evaluation data of all tested vehicles and the normalized root mean square value of each frequency band road noise data to obtain a functional relation and a linear correlation coefficient between the final subjective evaluation data and the normalized root mean square value of each frequency band road noise data;
and S4, obtaining the sensitivity of the passengers to the noise of different frequency bands according to the functional relation obtained in the S3.
According to the scheme, the test pavement is a rough asphalt pavement, and the running speed during the test is 60 km/h.
According to the scheme, the acquisition equipment comprises LMS data acquisition equipment and a B & K microphone, and the set noise analysis frequency is 8000 Hz.
According to the scheme, the number of the test vehicles is 15, and each test vehicle tests 5 groups of subjective evaluation data and road noise data.
According to the scheme, the preprocessing process of the subjective evaluation data in the step S101 specifically includes removing the maximum value and the minimum value of all subjective evaluation data of a certain test vehicle, calculating the average value of the rest values, and taking the average value as the final subjective evaluation data of the vehicle.
According to the scheme, the screening process of the road noise data in the step S102 is specifically to select 3 groups of data with the highest consistency from 5 groups of road noise data measured by each test vehicle.
According to the scheme, the frequency band comprises low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency, and the corresponding frequencies are 10-100 Hz, 100-500 Hz, 500-1600 Hz and 1600-8000 Hz respectively.
According to the above scheme, the process of normalization processing for a certain frequency band in S103 is as follows:
wherein: xi' is the normalized result of the test vehicle i in this frequency band, XiFor testing the road noise data RMS value, X, of vehicle iminIs the minimum value, X, of the mean square root value of the road noise data of the frequency bandmaxThe maximum value of the root mean square value of the road noise data of the frequency band is obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: dividing the road noise data into different frequency bands, respectively calculating the root mean square value of each frequency band, and solving the functional relation between the root mean square value of each frequency band and the subjective evaluation data, thereby obtaining the sensitivity of passengers to the road noise of different frequency bands; compared with the prior art in which the functional relationship between the full-band root mean square value and the subjective evaluation data is calculated, the method provided by the invention improves the linear relationship degree between the road noise data and the subjective evaluation, so that the road noise band which is more sensitive to passengers can be concerned in the subsequent vehicle development process.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a vehicle road noise evaluation method based on spectrum analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for evaluating vehicle road noise based on spectrum analysis includes the following steps,
s1, enabling a plurality of test vehicles to run on a test road surface, enabling test personnel to be located in a passenger cabin, and giving subjective evaluation data according to road noise when the vehicles run; collecting road noise data of a driving position by using collection equipment; each test vehicle acquires a plurality of groups of road noise data and subjective evaluation data;
for each test vehicle's test data, the following steps are performed,
s101, preprocessing subjective evaluation data to obtain final subjective evaluation data;
s102, screening road noise data, performing spectrum analysis on each set of screened road noise data, dividing a plurality of frequency bands, and calculating the root mean square value of each frequency band of road noise data; averaging the frequency bands of the root mean square values of the road noise data of each group to be used as the root mean square values of the road noise data of each frequency band of the test vehicle;
s2, normalizing the root mean square values of the road noise data of all the frequency bands of all the tested vehicles;
s3, performing multiple linear regression analysis according to the final subjective evaluation data of all tested vehicles and the normalized root mean square value of each frequency band road noise data to obtain a functional relation and a linear correlation coefficient between the final subjective evaluation data and the normalized root mean square value of each frequency band road noise data;
and S4, obtaining the sensitivity of the passengers to the noise of different frequency bands according to the functional relation obtained in the S3.
Further, the test pavement is a rough asphalt pavement, and the running speed during the test is 60 km/h.
Further, the acquisition device comprises an LMS data acquisition device and a B & K microphone, and the set noise analysis frequency is 8000 Hz.
Further, the test vehicles are 15 vehicles with the same model, and each test vehicle tests 5 groups of subjective evaluation data and road noise data.
Further, the preprocessing process of the subjective evaluation data in S101 specifically includes removing a maximum value and a minimum value of all subjective evaluation data of a certain test vehicle, calculating an average value of the remaining values, and taking the average value as the final subjective evaluation data of the vehicle.
Further, in the screening process of the road noise data in S102, specifically, 3 sets of data with the highest consistency are selected from the 5 sets of road noise data measured by each test vehicle.
Further, the frequency band comprises a low frequency, a medium frequency and a high frequency, and the corresponding frequencies are 10-100 Hz, 100-500 Hz, 500-1600 Hz and 1600-8000 Hz respectively.
Further, the process of the normalization process for a certain frequency band in S103 is as follows:
wherein: xi' is the normalized result of the test vehicle i in this frequency band, XiFor testing the road noise data RMS value, X, of vehicle iminIs the minimum value, X, of the mean square root value of the road noise data of the frequency bandmaxThe maximum value of the root mean square value of the road noise data of the frequency band is obtained.
According to the scheme, the root mean square data of each frequency band of the road noise data of the 15 test vehicles are shown in the following table:
after the data in the table above are normalized, the results are shown in the following table:
in the prior art, unitary linear regression analysis is performed on the normalized full-band root mean square value and the final subjective evaluation data, and the obtained functional relationship is as follows:
Y1＝-0.21XOA+7.32
R1 2＝0.78
wherein, Y1For final subjective evaluation data, XOAIs the root mean square value, R, of the road noise data of 10-8000 Hz full frequency band1 2Is Y1And XOACoefficient of linear relationship therebetween.
In this embodiment, the normalized root mean square value of each frequency band and the final subjective evaluation data are subjected to multiple linear regression analysis, and the obtained functional relationship is as follows:
Y2＝-0.11XRMS1-0.09XRMS2-0.02XRMS3-0.07XRMS4+7.67
R2 2＝0.85
wherein, Y2For final subjective evaluation data, XRMS1、XRMS2、XRMS3、XRMS4The RMS values R of the road noise data are respectively 10-100 Hz frequency bands, 100-500 Hz frequency bands, 500-1600 Hz frequency bands and 1600-8000 Hz frequency bands2 2For the above-mentioned every frequency channel noise data root mean square value and Y2Coefficient of linear relationship therebetween. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the method of the embodiment has higher linear correlation of the obtained functional relation.
And (3) carrying out proportion analysis on the coefficients of all variables in the Y2 function to obtain the contribution degree of the road noise data of all frequency bands to subjective evaluation:
contribution a of 10-100 Hz frequency band1：
Contribution a of 100-500 Hz frequency band2：
Contribution a of 500-1600 Hz frequency band3：
Contribution a of 1600-8000 Hz frequency band4：
According to the contribution amount, the passengers are more sensitive to low-frequency noise of 10-100 Hz and medium-low frequency noise of 100-500 Hz, then high-frequency noise of 1600-8000 Hz, and finally medium-high frequency noise; through the conclusion, the road noise in the subsequent vehicle research and development process can be guided to focus on the frequency band.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A vehicle road noise evaluation method based on spectrum analysis is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1, enabling a plurality of test vehicles to run on a test road surface, enabling test personnel to be located in a passenger cabin, and giving subjective evaluation data according to road noise when the vehicles run; collecting road noise data of a driving position by using collection equipment; each test vehicle acquires a plurality of groups of road noise data and subjective evaluation data;
for each test vehicle's test data, the following steps are performed,
s101, preprocessing subjective evaluation data to obtain final subjective evaluation data;
s102, screening road noise data, performing spectrum analysis on each set of screened road noise data, dividing a plurality of frequency bands, and calculating the root mean square value of each frequency band of road noise data; averaging the frequency bands of the root mean square values of the road noise data of each group to be used as the root mean square values of the road noise data of each frequency band of the test vehicle;
s2, normalizing the root mean square values of the road noise data of all the frequency bands of all the tested vehicles;
s3, performing multiple linear regression analysis according to the final subjective evaluation data of all tested vehicles and the normalized root mean square value of each frequency band road noise data to obtain a functional relation and a linear correlation coefficient between the final subjective evaluation data and the normalized root mean square value of each frequency band road noise data;
and S4, obtaining the sensitivity of the passengers to the noise of different frequency bands according to the functional relation obtained in the S3.
2. The vehicle road noise evaluation method based on the spectrum analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the test pavement is a rough asphalt pavement, and the running speed during the test is 60 km/h.
3. The vehicle road noise evaluation method based on the spectrum analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acquisition equipment comprises LMS data acquisition equipment and a B & K microphone, and the set noise analysis frequency is 8000 Hz.
4. The vehicle road noise evaluation method based on the spectrum analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the test vehicles are 15 vehicles with the same model, and each test vehicle tests 5 groups of subjective evaluation data and road noise data.
5. The vehicle road noise evaluation method based on the spectrum analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preprocessing process of the subjective evaluation data in S101 specifically includes removing the maximum value and the minimum value of all subjective evaluation data of a certain test vehicle, calculating the average value of the remaining values, and taking the average value as the final subjective evaluation data of the vehicle.
6. The vehicle road noise evaluation method based on the spectrum analysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: the screening process of the road noise data in S102 is specifically to select 3 sets of data with the highest consistency from the 5 sets of road noise data measured by each test vehicle.
7. The vehicle road noise evaluation method based on the spectrum analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frequency bands comprise low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency, and the corresponding frequencies are 10-100 Hz, 100-500 Hz, 500-1600 Hz and 1600-8000 Hz respectively.
8. The vehicle road noise evaluation method based on the spectrum analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the process of normalization processing for a certain frequency band in S103 is as follows:
wherein: xi' is the normalized result of the test vehicle i in this frequency band, XiFor testing the road noise data RMS value, X, of vehicle iminIs the minimum value, X, of the mean square root value of the road noise data of the frequency bandmaxThe maximum value of the root mean square value of the road noise data of the frequency band is obtained.
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