CN114543783A - Double-penetrating type detection system and detection method for SERF gyroscope - Google Patents
Double-penetrating type detection system and detection method for SERF gyroscope Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-penetration detection system for an SERF gyroscope, wherein laser output by a laser passes through an optical isolator and then is polarized by a polarizer, a polarized detection beam is split into first reflected light and first transmitted light by a laser beam splitter, the first reflected light enters a power stabilizing component, the first transmitted light passes through an atomic air chamber after acting with a working atom and then is reflected by a 0-degree reflector at the rear end of the atomic air chamber and then passes through the atomic air chamber again to reach the laser beam splitter to be split into second transmitted light and second reflected light, the second transmitted light passes through the polarizer and then is isolated by the optical isolator, the second reflected light enters a photoelectric detector after sequentially passing through a lambda/4 wave plate, a photoelastic modulator and an analyzer, and an input signal obtained by photoelectric conversion of the photoelectric detector enters a phase-locked amplifier for demodulation. The double-penetration detection system for the SERF gyroscope enables the first transmitted light to penetrate through the atomic gas chamber twice to act, increases the signal amplitude, improves the detection sensitivity, and is convenient for miniaturization of a light path.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of SERF gyroscope signal detection, and particularly relates to a double-penetration type detection system and a detection method for an SERF gyroscope.
Background
The SERF gyroscope utilizes the axial property of electron spin to realize the measurement of external angular rate. When the carrier rotates, precession of atom spin of a working substance in the gyroscope can be caused, and the polarization plane of polarized light can be rotated by interaction of linearly polarized detection light and the atom spin precession, so that the extraction of angular rate signals is realized. Therefore, the sensitivity of detection of the atomic spin signal affects the sensitivity of the gyroscope.
At present, the common atomic spin detection methods include a differential polarization method, a faraday modulation method, an electro-optical modulation method, and a photoelastic modulation method. The differential polarization method has no modulation effect, the 1/f noise of the system is obvious, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is poor. The other three methods adopt different modulation modes to realize the phase modulation of the detection light beam, and can better improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the system. The methods all adopt a mode of passing through an atomic gas chamber once, the external input rotation angle is equal to the polarization plane rotation angle of the polarized light, and the atomic gas chamber has no amplification effect on the rotation angle to be measured. There are also approaches that use dual beam modulation to isolate background noise from intrinsic bias, but the amplitude of the signal does not increase.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a double-penetration detection system for an SERF gyroscope, so that a light beam penetrates through an atomic gas chamber twice to act, the signal amplitude is increased, the detection sensitivity is improved, and the miniaturization of a light path is facilitated.
The invention also aims to provide a double-penetration detection method for the SERF gyroscope.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a double-penetration detection system for a SERF gyroscope comprises a laser, an optical isolator, a polarizer, a laser beam splitter, an atomic gas chamber, a 0-degree reflector, a lambda/4 wave plate, a photoelastic modulator, an analyzer and a photoelectric detector; laser output by the laser passes through the optical isolator and then is polarized by the polarizer, the polarized detection light beam is split into first reflected light and first transmitted light by the laser beam splitter, the first reflected light enters the power stabilizing component, the first transmitted light is reflected by a 0-degree reflecting mirror at the rear end of the atom air chamber after being acted by the atom air chamber and the working atoms, then passes through the atom air chamber again and reaches the laser beam splitter to be split into second transmitted light and second reflected light, the second transmitted light is isolated by the optical isolator after passing through the polarizer, the second reflected light enters the photoelectric detector after sequentially passing through the lambda/4 wave plate, the photoelastic modulator and the analyzer, the photoelectric detector inputs an input signal after performing photoelectric conversion on the signal into the phase-locked amplifier for demodulation, the reference signal of the phase-locked amplifier is provided by the photoelastic modulator, and the phase-locked amplifier outputs a carrier rotation signal.
Moreover, the laser beam splitter is coated with an antireflection film, so that the power of reflected light is far greater than that of transmitted light.
And the polarization direction of the polarizer is the horizontal direction, the optical axis direction of the lambda/4 wave plate is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer, the optical axis direction of the photoelastic modulator forms 45 degrees with the horizontal direction, and the polarization direction of the analyzer is the vertical direction.
A double-wearing detection method for a SERF gyroscope, comprising the steps of:
1): adjusting the polarization direction of the polarizing device in the light path:
a in a light path shown in a picture 1, an atomic gas chamber, a lambda/4 wave plate and a photoelastic modulator are not placed, the polarization direction of a polarizer is adjusted to be a horizontal direction or a vertical direction, and the polarization direction of an analyzer is adjusted to be vertical to the polarization direction of the polarizer and is adjusted to be a vertical direction or a horizontal direction;
b, placing a lambda/4 wave plate into the light path, and adjusting the direction of the optical axis of the lambda/4 wave plate to be the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer and be the horizontal or vertical direction;
c, placing the photoelastic modulator, and adjusting the optical axis direction of the photoelastic modulator to form an angle of 45 degrees with the optical axis direction of the lambda/4 wave plate;
d, finally placing an atomic gas chamber into a light path;
2) laser output by the laser passes through the optical isolator and then is polarized by the polarizer, and the polarized detection light beam is split into first reflected light and first transmitted light by the laser beam splitter;
3) the first reflected light enters a power stabilizing component; the first transmitted light beam is reacted with the working atoms through the atom air chamber, then reflected by a 0-degree reflector at the rear end of the atom air chamber, then penetrates through the atom air chamber again and reaches the laser beam splitter to be split into second transmitted light and second reflected light;
4) the second transmitted light passes through the polarizer and is isolated by the optical isolator; the second reflected light sequentially passes through the lambda/4 wave plate, the photoelastic modulator and the analyzer and enters the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector performs photoelectric conversion on the signal and then inputs the signal into the phase-locked amplifier for demodulation;
5) the reference signal of the phase-locked amplifier is provided by the photoelastic modulator, and the phase-locked amplifier outputs a carrier rotation signal.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the double-penetration detection system and the detection method for the SERF gyroscope have the advantages that the light beam penetrates through the atomic gas chamber twice to act, the rotation angle of the detection light deflection surface is 2 times under the same carrier rotating speed, and the detection sensitivity can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a double-through detection system for a SERF gyroscope according to the present invention
Description of the reference numerals
The device comprises a 1-laser, a 2-optical isolator, a 3-polarizer, a 4-laser beam splitter, a 5-atomic air chamber, a 6-0-degree reflector, a 7-lambda/4 wave plate, an 8-photoelastic modulator, a 9-analyzer and a 10-photoelectric detector.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A double-penetration detection system for a SERF gyroscope comprises a laser 1, an optical isolator 2, a polarizer 3, a laser beam splitter 4, an atomic gas chamber 5, a 0-degree reflector 6, a lambda/4 wave plate 7, a photoelastic modulator 8, an analyzer 9 and a photoelectric detector 10; laser output by a laser 1 passes through an optical isolator 2 and then is polarized through a polarizer 3, a polarized detection light beam is split into first reflected light and first transmitted light through a laser beam splitter 4, the first reflected light enters a power stabilizing component, the first transmitted light is reflected by a 0-degree reflector 6 at the rear end of an atomic air chamber 5 after being acted by the atomic air chamber 5 and working atoms and then passes through the atomic air chamber 5 again to reach the laser beam splitter 4 to be split into second transmitted light and second reflected light, the second transmitted light is isolated by the optical isolator 2 after passing through the polarizer 3, the second reflected light enters a photoelectric detector 10 after sequentially passing through a lambda/4 wave plate 7, a photoelastic modulator 8 and an analyzer 9, an input signal after photoelectric conversion of the signal by the photoelectric detector 10 enters a phase-locked amplifier for demodulation, and a reference signal of the phase-locked amplifier is provided by the photoelastic modulator 8, the lock-in amplifier outputs a carrier rotation signal.
The laser beam splitter 4 is coated with an antireflection film so that the reflected light power is much larger than the transmitted light power.
The polarization direction of the polarizer 3 is the horizontal direction, the optical axis direction of the lambda/4 wave plate 7 is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer 3, the optical axis direction of the photoelastic modulator 8 forms 45 degrees with the horizontal direction, and the polarization direction of the analyzer 9 is the vertical direction.
A double-wearing detection method for a SERF gyroscope, comprising the steps of:
1): adjusting the polarization direction of the polarizing device in the light path:
in the light path shown in FIG. 1, firstly, an atomic gas chamber 5, a lambda/4 wave plate 7 and a photoelastic modulator 8 are not placed, the polarization direction of a polarizer 3 is adjusted to be the horizontal or vertical direction, and the polarization direction of an analyzer 9 is adjusted to be vertical to the polarization direction of the polarizer 3 and is adjusted to be the vertical or horizontal direction;
b, placing a lambda/4 wave plate 7 into the light path, and adjusting the direction of the optical axis of the lambda/4 wave plate to be the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer 3, namely the horizontal direction or the vertical direction;
c, placing the photoelastic modulator 8, and adjusting the optical axis direction of the photoelastic modulator to form an angle of 45 degrees with the optical axis direction of the lambda/4 wave plate;
d, finally placing an atom air chamber 5 into the light path;
2) laser output by the laser 1 passes through the optical isolator 2 and then is polarized by the polarizer 3, and the polarized detection light beam is split into first reflected light and first transmitted light by the laser beam splitter 4;
3) the first reflected light enters a power stabilizing component; the first transmitted light beam is reflected by a 0-degree reflector 6 at the rear end of the atom air chamber 5 after being acted by the atom air chamber 5 and the working atoms, passes through the atom air chamber 5 again and reaches the laser beam splitter 4 to be split into second transmitted light and second reflected light;
4) the second transmitted light is isolated by the optical isolator 2 after passing through the polarizer 3; the second reflected light sequentially passes through a lambda/4 wave plate 7, a photoelastic modulator 8 and an analyzer 9 and enters a photoelectric detector 10, and an input signal obtained by photoelectric conversion of a signal by the photoelectric detector 10 enters a phase-locked amplifier for demodulation;
5) the reference signal of the lock-in amplifier is provided by the photoelastic modulator 8, and the lock-in amplifier outputs a carrier rotation signal.
The calculation process of the double-penetrating detection system for the SERF gyroscope comprises the following steps:
the jones matrix of each polarization device in the double-pass detection system for the SERF gyroscope can be written as follows:
the jones matrix of the atomic gas cell 5 is:
the jones matrix of the λ/4 plate 7 is:
the jones matrix of the photoelastic modulator 8 is:
the jones matrix of the analyzer 9 is:
assuming to be polarized by polarizer 3The vibration vector of the first transmitted light after passing through the beam splitter 4 is
I0＝A2The light intensity after passing through the laser beam splitter 4;
theta is the rotation angle of the polarization plane when the detection light passes through the atomic gas chamber and is in direct proportion to the rotation angle of the carrier;
delta is the peak delay of the photoelastic modulator;
omega is the modulation frequency of the photoelastic modulator.
In addition, in the detection system, when the reflection/transmission splitting ratio of the laser beam splitter 4 is 90/10, the light vector emitted from the rear end of the analyzer 9 after the laser beam output by the laser 1 passes through the atomic gas cell 5, the λ/4 wave plate 7, the photoelastic modulator 8 and the polarization device of the analyzer 9 is:
the light intensity reaching the photodetector 10 end is therefore:
since θ is a small angle, the above equation can be simplified to
The high-order term can be ignored, the low-order term is taken after the Bessel function is used for expansion, and the output is obtained by demodulating and extracting the fundamental frequency component through the phase-locked amplifier:
wherein, BcIs the bessel expansion coefficient of the fundamental frequency component.
It can be seen at this point that the carrier rotation angle is linear with the output of the lock-in amplifier. Thereby realizing the detection of the external rotation signal.
Under the single atomic gas chamber condition of passing through, the output light intensity of photoelectric detector end is:
the output after demodulation by the phase-locked amplifier is:
Iout＝2I0·θ·Bc＝2I0θBc
by comparison, the signal amplitude of the present invention is about 1.8 times that of the single pass through the chamber arrangement at the same rotation angle. Therefore, the test sensitivity of the system can be effectively improved.
The system mainly addresses the detection system, so the pump beam is not shown in fig. 1. Continuous action of the pump beam is required in the actual detection process. In addition, the heating and heat preservation device of the atomic gas chamber, the external magnetic shielding system and the three-dimensional magnetic compensation system are not shown.
According to the invention, the first transmission light is reflected by adopting the 0-degree reflector 6 at the rear end of the atom air chamber 5, and passes through the atom air chamber twice to act with spin-polarized atoms, and the rotation of the light deflection surface is 2 times of the rotation of an actual carrier, so that the measurement sensitivity is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the emergent first transmission light is reflected by the laser beam splitter 4 to form second reflection light, and the second reflection light passes through the photoelastic modulator 8 to be modulated by adopting a photoelastic modulation method, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of signals is improved.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, alterations, and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and thus the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments and drawings disclosed.
Claims (4)
1. A double-wearing detection system for a SERF gyroscope, comprising: the laser-based optical fiber laser comprises a laser (1), an optical isolator (2), a polarizer (3), a laser beam splitter (4), an atomic gas chamber (5), a 0-degree reflector (6), a lambda/4 wave plate (7), a photoelastic modulator (8), an analyzer (9) and a photoelectric detector (10); laser output by a laser (1) passes through an optical isolator (2) and then is polarized by a polarizer (3), a polarized detection light beam is split into first reflected light and first transmitted light by a laser beam splitter (4), the first reflected light enters a power stabilizing component, the first transmitted light is reflected by a 0-degree reflector (6) at the rear end of an atomic air chamber (5) after being acted by an atomic air chamber (5) and working atoms and then passes through the atomic air chamber (5) again to reach the laser beam splitter (4) to be split into second transmitted light and second reflected light, the second transmitted light is isolated by the optical isolator (2) after passing through the polarizer (3), the second reflected light enters a photoelectric detector (10) after sequentially passing through a lambda/4 wave plate (7), a photoelastic modulator (8) and a polarization analyzer (9), and an input signal subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector (10) enters a phase-locked amplifier for demodulation, the reference signal of the lock-in amplifier is provided by a photoelastic modulator (8), and the lock-in amplifier outputs a carrier rotation signal.
2. The double-wearing detection system for a SERF gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser beam splitter (4) is plated with a reflection increasing film, so that the power of reflected light is far greater than that of transmitted light.
3. The double-wearing detection system for a SERF gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polarization direction of the polarizer (3) is the horizontal direction, the optical axis direction of the lambda/4 wave plate (7) and the polarization direction of the polarizer (3) are in the same direction, the optical axis direction of the photoelastic modulator (8) and the horizontal direction form an angle of 45 degrees, and the polarization direction of the analyzer (9) is the vertical direction.
4. A double-penetration detection method for a SERF gyroscope is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1): adjusting the polarization direction of the polarizing device in the light path:
in the light path shown in FIG. 1, firstly, an atomic gas chamber (5), a lambda/4 wave plate (7) and a photoelastic modulator (8) are not placed, the polarization direction of a polarizer (3) is adjusted to be a horizontal or vertical direction, and the polarization direction of an analyzer (9) is adjusted to be vertical to the polarization direction of the polarizer (3) and is adjusted to be a vertical or horizontal direction;
b, placing a lambda/4 wave plate (7) into the light path, and adjusting the direction of the optical axis of the lambda/4 wave plate to be the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer (3) and to be a horizontal or vertical direction;
c, placing the photoelastic modulator (8) and adjusting the optical axis direction of the photoelastic modulator to form an angle of 45 degrees with the optical axis direction of the lambda/4 wave plate;
d, finally placing an atomic gas chamber (5) into the light path;
2) laser output by the laser (1) passes through the optical isolator (2) and then is polarized by the polarizer (3), and the polarized detection light beam is split into first reflected light and first transmitted light by the laser beam splitter (4);
3) the first reflected light enters a power stabilizing component; the first transmitted light beam is reflected by a 0-degree reflector (6) at the rear end of the atom gas chamber (5) after being acted by the atom gas chamber (5) and the working atoms, passes through the atom gas chamber (5) again and reaches the laser beam splitter (4) to be split into second transmitted light and second reflected light;
4) the second transmitted light is isolated by an optical isolator (2) after passing through a polarizer (3); the second reflected light enters a photoelectric detector (10) after sequentially passing through a lambda/4 wave plate (7), a photoelastic modulator (8) and an analyzer (9), and an input signal obtained by performing photoelectric conversion on a signal by the photoelectric detector (10) enters a phase-locked amplifier for demodulation;
5) the reference signal of the lock-in amplifier is provided by a photoelastic modulator (8), and the lock-in amplifier outputs a carrier rotation signal.
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