CN114542031A - Injection-production regulation method for irregular edge water reservoir for crack development - Google Patents
Injection-production regulation method for irregular edge water reservoir for crack development Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an injection-production regulation method of an irregular edge water reservoir for crack development, which is characterized in that an oil-water boundary is determined based on a reservoir water-containing distribution diagram, and an edge water inrush region is divided; performing unblocking operation on the oil production well in the zone where the side water enters; after the blockage removal is finished, the liquid production strength of the oil production well in the side water inrush area is reduced, and meanwhile, the water injection strength of the water injection well in the side water inrush area is increased; an injection-production well pattern is encrypted at the oil-water boundary in the edge water inrush area; selecting part of water injection wells in the side water inrush area according to the crack development condition, and implementing regional profile control; and selecting part of water injection wells in the side water inrush area according to the crack development condition, and implementing the separate-zone water injection. The method is used for solving the problem that an effective edge water control means for the edge water oil reservoir with the developed crack is lacked in the prior art, and can realize scientific, reasonable and systematic regulation and control after the edge water oil reservoir with the developed crack quickly breaks water, so as to fulfill the aims of ensuring stable productivity and improving final recovery ratio as far as possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to an injection-production regulation method for an irregular edge water reservoir for crack development.
Background
Water flooding development is one of the important technical means for oil and gas exploitation. For the edge water reservoir, the edge water is an important way for replenishing the formation energy in the development process, and the automatic edge water displacement development effect can be effectively realized by fully utilizing the edge water energy. However, the greatest threat to the development of edge water reservoirs comes from edge water, and especially for small-area reservoirs directly contacting with the oil-water interface, the presence of edge water is liable to cause the water content of the oil well to rise and the productivity to be seriously lost. For conventional marginal water oil reservoirs with good geological conditions, the phenomenon can be properly pressed by adjusting the injection and production strength, but for oil reservoirs with developed local hypertonic zones such as cracks, the level difference of permeability along the plane or the longitudinal direction is extremely large due to the existence of the local hypertonic zones such as cracks, the conventional regulation and control of the injection and production strength are difficult to effectively control the marginal water, and the injected water is easy to intrude along the cracks, thereby causing serious troubles for the development of the oil reservoirs; in addition to the extensive propagation of natural fractures by artificial fractures induced by a number of fracturing operations, this directly results in the injection water being seen in a short period of time in some wells, i.e. the injection water is directed along the fractures in a single phase, forming an "ineffective circulation". The phenomenon of enhancement of the edge water inrush caused by the crack channeling is gradually increased along with the extension of the oil reservoir development time, and the contradiction caused by the edge water is more and more prominent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an injection-production regulation and control method for an irregular boundary water reservoir for crack development, which aims to solve the problem that an effective boundary water control means for the boundary water reservoir for crack development is lacked in the prior art, realize scientific, reasonable and systematic regulation and control after the boundary water reservoir for crack development rapidly breaks into water, and fulfill the aims of ensuring stable productivity and improving final recovery ratio as far as possible.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the injection-production regulation method of the irregular edge water reservoir for crack development comprises the following steps:
s1, determining an oil-water boundary based on the oil reservoir water content distribution diagram, and dividing an edge water inrush region;
s2, performing plug removal operation on the oil production well in the side water outburst area; after the blockage removal is finished, the liquid production strength of the oil production well in the side water inrush area is reduced, and meanwhile, the water injection strength of the water injection well in the side water inrush area is increased;
s3, encrypting an injection-production well pattern at the oil-water boundary in the edge water inrush area;
s4, selecting partial water injection wells in the side water inrush region according to the crack development condition, and performing regional profile control;
and S5, selecting partial water injection wells in the side water inrush area according to the crack development condition, and performing sub-zonal water injection.
Aiming at the problem of edge water control of an edge water reservoir with crack development in oil extraction engineering in the prior art, the invention provides an injection-production regulation and control method of an irregular edge water reservoir with crack development, the method firstly determines an oil-water boundary based on a reservoir water-containing distribution diagram and divides an edge water inrush area, and subsequent regulation and control means are carried out based on the edge water inrush area and sequentially comprises the following steps: the method is used as an emergency regulating and controlling means, and aims to balance the strength of the produced fluid in the side water inrush area, slow down the propulsion of the side bottom water and inhibit the water content increase in a short period as much as possible. For an irregular oil reservoir developing in the water, due to the cost and technical restrictions in early development, the injection-production well network at the oil-water boundary is generally imperfect objectively, but when the water breakthrough problem is encountered, if the drilling cost of the parsimony injection-production well network is reduced, the overall recovery ratio of the oil field is inevitably reduced, and the overall economic benefit is reduced. Therefore, the well pattern adjusting drilling operation is started immediately after the emergency regulating and controlling means is adopted, and the injection and production well pattern is encrypted at the oil-water boundary in the side water inrush area to achieve a better balance effect on side water. Naturally, the encryption of the injection and production well pattern needs to be adaptively set by geological departments of various oil fields according to specific conditions (including geological conditions, oil-water distribution conditions, advanced well arrangement conditions and the like) of different oil reservoirs and different blocks, so the specific encryption mode is not limited here, and a person skilled in the art can even select from well encryption modes which are commonly adjusted in the prior art.
And then, carrying out regional profile control operation, wherein the regional profile control can be carried out synchronously with the encryption of the injection and production well pattern, or can be carried out after the injection and production well pattern is encrypted, and the regional profile control operation is flexibly judged according to the severity of the water inrush. The reason why this application carries out regional profile control lies in: for the oil reservoirs with low permeability, low porosity and low formation pressure coefficient (represented by Changqing oil fields) generally in the middle east region of China, the natural capacity is low, fracturing is an essential means for putting into production in order to obtain benefit development, the integral fracturing strength in the oil reservoirs is high during early production, so that the extension depth of artificial fractures is large, and the complex communication of natural fractures and artificial fractures is caused by the stratum condition of natural fracture development faced by the application, so that the control and extension range of the natural fractures is greatly widened, the large-area dynamic data of the fracture water-breakthrough oil well is strongly responded, the water content of the oil well is rapidly increased after water breakthrough, the liquid quantity is greatly increased, the salt content is reduced, and even the oil reservoir is expressed as violent water flooding. This application adopts the means of carrying out regional profile control operation to carry out crack fast and administer and water shutoff. The regional profile control object is to select part of water injection wells in the side water inrush region according to the crack development condition and carry out a great deal of profile control operation in a short period, and the method can avoid the unfavorable situation that plugging objects after single-well profile control are quickly broken by other surrounding inrush water bodies.
In addition, after the regional profile control operation, partial water injection wells are selected in the edge water inrush region according to the crack development condition, and the separate zone water injection is carried out. For the boundary water reservoir with developed cracks, affected by the stratum heterogeneity and the boundary water distribution condition caused by the cracks, the local injection-production corresponding relation is poor, and even the development contradiction of 'injection-production-non-production' and 'production-non-injection' exists, so that the development effect at the initial stage of production is poor, and the sudden advance phenomenon of the boundary water can be further enhanced. For this application still select partial water injection well in the regional abrupt entering of boundary water and implement the subdivision water injection to improve water drive control and use degree, through the subdivision water injection of carrying out after regional profile control, can make the water drive of water injection well and the water drive of boundary water mutually support, complement each other, utilize the boundary water energy as far as possible as the displacement power of oil recovery, with this improvement water drive control degree and water drive with the degree, and then make the contribution for the steady production increase.
Further, in step S2, the production fluid strength of the production well is decreased by 10% to 20%, and the injection water strength of the injection well is increased by 10% to 20%. The research object of this application is that the injection well group that is located the limit water and suddenly advances the region, and the limit water suddenly advances the region and is located the sand body avris usually, and its rerum natura is relatively poor and formation pressure keeps the level low, suitably reduces the liquid production intensity of oil recovery well and the water injection intensity of increase water injection well in the within range that this scheme was injectd, can be under the condition of the short-term output of the influence as far as possible, and the temporary balance formation energy is in order to slow down the limit water and suddenly advances, strives for abundant preparation time for follow-up regulation and control method.
Further, in the injection and production well pattern encrypted in step S3, the number of water injection wells is: the number of the oil production wells is 1.5-2: 1. The scheme limits the range of the number of the wells of the water injection well in the encryption well pattern to be 1.5-2 times of the number of the wells of the oil production well, so that the water injection well is mainly used for encryption in the marginal water inrush area, the rapid water injection supplement of the pressure of the lacunaged stratum is further ensured, and the phenomenon that the marginal water rapidly inrush in order to fill the lacunaged stratum is further slowed down. Of course, the scheme only limits the number ratio of injection wells and production wells, and the specific well arrangement mode still does not belong to the limited range required by the scheme.
Further, the method for selecting a part of the water injection wells in step S4 includes:
s401, acquiring crack data of the edge water inrush region, and selecting a crack of which the included angle between the extension direction and the edge water inrush direction is less than or equal to 30 degrees, wherein the crack is defined as a finger-entering crack;
s402, selecting a water injection well with an injection area around the finger-entering fracture as a profile control simulating well;
s403, obtaining the profile control index of each profile control well based on the water absorption capacity data, the oil layer heterogeneity data and the production dynamic data of the surrounding oil wells of each profile control well;
s404, sequencing the wells to be profile-controlled from high to low according to the profile control indexes, and selecting the water injection wells with higher profile control indexes according to the specified proportion.
The scheme limits the well selection method of the water injection well for implementing regional profile control, so that the well selection method is fully combined with the oil reservoir geology, particularly the crack development condition, the water shutoff profile control effect is further obviously optimized, and the outburst phenomenon of edge water along cracks is effectively inhibited. Specifically, data related to the development of fractures in the water inrush zone are obtained based on the existing geological means, wherein the fractures comprise natural fractures and fracture-induced artificial fractures. According to the crack development condition, selecting the cracks with the included angle of the crack extension direction and the edge water inrush direction being less than or equal to 30 degrees as finger-entering cracks, wherein the cracks can seriously aggravate the edge water inrush condition because the extension direction of the cracks is closer to the known edge water inrush direction. Wherein the crack propagation direction is understood to be the direction of the connection line between the two known ends of the crack. And then, based on the finger-entering fracture, selecting a corresponding water injection well around the finger-entering fracture as a simulated profile control well, so that the selected simulated profile control well has stronger correlation with the finger-entering fracture, thereby ensuring that the profile control operation is performed on the water injection well around the finger-entering fracture. For the stratum with developed cracks, the number of the planned profile control wells selected by the means is possibly large and the indications are not clear, and if the planned profile control wells are all subjected to profile control, the cracks which do not cause water invasion are also easily blocked, so that the excellent crude oil migration channel is blocked, and the subsequent development and production are not facilitated. Therefore, the scheme is to continue to select on the basis of the profile control wells, obtain the water absorption capacity data, the oil layer heterogeneity data and the production dynamic data of surrounding oil wells of each profile control well based on the early development production condition of the oil field to obtain the profile control indexes of each profile control well, and select the part of the water injection wells with the profile control indexes increased at a specified proportion as the water injection wells for finally performing regional profile control. The specific numerical value of the above specified ratio is not limited herein, and those skilled in the art may adaptively set the specific numerical value according to the geological conditions, development and utilization conditions, and the like of different reservoirs.
Further, profile control index J is calculated by the following formula: j is 0.4 times of water absorption capacity index, 0.2 times of reservoir heterogeneity index and 0.4 times of surrounding oil well production dynamic index. Wherein:
the water absorption capacity index is a function based on apparent water absorption index, water absorption index and pressure drop curve;
the reservoir heterogeneity index is a function based on a permeability heterogeneity coefficient and a water absorption profile heterogeneity coefficient;
the production dynamic index of the surrounding oil well is a function based on the average liquid production amount, the average water content, the average residual reserve and the average production degree of the surrounding oil well.
The method quantizes the profile control index by using three indexes, namely a water absorption capacity index, an oil layer heterogeneity index and a surrounding oil well production dynamic index, realizes comprehensive analysis from multiple angles, and is favorable for optimizing well selection, agent selection and volume selection. Factors influencing the selection of the profile control well are classified into three factors of reflecting the water absorption capacity of the water injection well, reflecting the heterogeneity of an oil layer and corresponding to the dynamics of surrounding oil wells, an optimized model for the selection of the profile control well is established on the basis of the three factors, and the selection order of the profile control well is judged according to a decision result.
The functional relation between the water absorption capacity index and the apparent water absorption index, the water absorption index and the pressure drop curve can be weighted and calculated by experts according to the specific conditions of different oil reservoirs; several typical wells can be selected for fitting calculation and the like; the specific functional relationship is not limited, and each oil field can be adaptively designed according to specific conditions so as to meet the flexible application of each oil field with different geology and production conditions; only the parameters such as the apparent water absorption index, the pressure drop curve and the like are required to be reflected in the finally obtained water absorption capacity index. The heterogeneity index of the oil layer and the production dynamic index of the surrounding oil wells are the same.
Further, in the regional profile control process of step S4, the system of the profile control agent is selected according to the following method:
if the water injection well corresponds to a single crack and the porosity of the stratum around the crack is lower than a set threshold value, selecting a high-strength gel profile control system; the profile control thought at this time is mainly plugging;
if the water injection well corresponds to a single crack and the porosity of the stratum around the crack is greater than or equal to a set threshold value, selecting an associated polymer weak gel adjusting system; the profile control idea at this moment is to regulate blockage and repeat
If the water injection well corresponds to a plurality of cracks, and the formation porosity of any two cracks or the region between any two cracks is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, selecting a pre-crosslinked particle profile control system or a composite profile control system; the profile control thought at this time is mainly plugging and assisted by profile control.
In the regional profile control process, the problems of injected water bypassing, dislocation of primary and secondary producing zones and the like easily occur, and the reason for the correction is that the profile control system is not suitable for the water breakthrough type based on cracks. Wherein, the set threshold corresponding to the porosity of the stratum around the fracture can be set by the technicians in the field according to the permeability condition of the specific oil reservoir. Wherein, the high-strength gel profile control system, the associative polymer weak gel profile control system, the pre-crosslinked particle profile control system, the composite profile control system and the like are all the existing profile control agent systems, and the scheme only provides a corresponding selection method and does not improve the system per se.
Further, the method for selecting a part of the water injection wells in step S5 includes:
s501, extracting water injection wells except the to-be-profile-controlled well in a side water inrush area, selecting a co-injection well from the water injection wells to perform water absorption profile test, and obtaining a co-injection well with a water absorption profile showing a single-layer non-water absorption, wherein the co-injection well is defined as a first water injection well to be determined;
s502, in a specified stratum range, carrying out small-layer division on a first water injection well to be determined and surrounding oil production wells, and then carrying out well connection comparison to obtain a well group injection production grid-shaped graph;
s503, extracting an injection-production well group with production or without injection based on a well group injection-production grid diagram, and defining a water injection well in the injection-production well group as a second undetermined water injection well;
s504, selecting a part of water injection well of which the perforation section in the second water injection well to be determined is positioned in the non-principal layer.
The scheme limits the well selection method of the water injection well for implementing the fine zonal water injection, firstly excludes the profile control planned well selected in the previous step on the basis of the well selection process of the regional profile control so as to avoid the interference of pressure fluctuation caused by the fine zonal water injection on the water injection well after the profile control is finished, simultaneously reserves a space for the subsequent profile control operation which can be carried out aiming at the profile control planned well, and can even realize the cross operation on the site so as to obviously improve the regulation and control efficiency. And then selecting a co-injection well from the rest water injection wells in the side water inrush area, performing water absorption profile test on each co-injection well, judging whether the condition that a single layer of a reservoir layer does not absorb water exists or not according to the water absorption profile test result, and if so, defining the co-injection well as the first water injection well to be determined.
And then, on the basis of fine stratum comparison, starting from single well division and well connection comparison, and aiming at closing all the areas to obtain a well group injection-production grid-shaped graph. Because the research object of this application is located the regional that the edge water of oil reservoir side position invades suddenly, and the oil reservoir changes greatly and leads to water injection well single injection can not compromise the oil recovery well on every side easily, consequently this scheme continues according to well group injection and production bars chart, extracts the injection and production well group that wherein has to adopt and not annotate, defines water injection well wherein as the second water injection well of undetermining. In addition, the inventor finds in the research process that for the side water inrush area located at the side part of the oil reservoir, the geologic phenomenon that a small bed series is lost or unstable is often developed along with the main force, so that the displacement effect of the side water is easily forced to be carried out along a non-main force layer, and the side water is induced to change from normal displacement to abnormal inrush; therefore, in this scheme, water injection wells in which the hole sections of the second water injection well to be determined are partially or entirely located in the non-principal layer are selected, and these water injection wells are used as the final well selection result for performing the sub-division water injection, so that the water drive level is improved by suppressing the breakthrough of boundary water along the non-principal layer by the separate injection of the water injection wells. Of course, the specific scheme of the sub-zonal water injection of each sub-well needs to be specifically set by those skilled in the art according to the specific physical distribution of the vertical section, the inter-zonal distribution, and the like, and is not limited herein.
Further, before the sub-zonal injection is performed in step S5, a hole repairing operation is performed on the selected part of the injection wells in the non-main zone. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, a remedial operation is a downhole operation to remediate a perforation. The scheme can reduce the injection difficulty of the non-principal layer when the fine separated layer is injected with water, and eliminate the bad development state of the non-principal layer with or without injection as soon as possible.
Furthermore, the fine separated layer water injection adopts a bridge type eccentric separated layer water injection process. The bridge type eccentric separate layer water injection process is a separate injection process based on a bridge type eccentric water distributor, and has the advantages of high testing and allocating precision, wide adaptability and the like compared with the conventional separate injection process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the injection and production regulating method for the irregular edge water reservoir for crack development can balance the strength of the produced fluid in the edge water inrush area, slow down the propulsion of edge bottom water, inhibit the water content rise in a short period, quickly treat and block water so as to improve the water drive control and utilization degree, ensure that the water drive of a water injection well and the water drive of edge water are matched and supplemented with each other, utilize the edge water energy as much as possible as the displacement power of oil extraction, improve the water drive control degree and the water drive utilization degree and further contribute to stable production and production increase.
2. The injection-production regulating method for the irregular boundary water oil reservoir for crack development can temporarily balance the formation energy to slow down the boundary water inrush under the condition of influencing the short-term yield as little as possible, and strives for sufficient preparation time for a subsequent regulating method.
3. The invention provides a method for controlling injection and production of irregular edge water reservoirs for fracture development, provides a well selection method of water injection wells for implementing regional profile control, provides a selection method of a profile control system for different water injection wells according to the corresponding fracture development conditions in the control range of the water injection wells, and ensures that the profile control operation can fully exert the effect.
4. The invention provides an injection and production regulation method for irregular boundary water reservoirs for crack development, and provides a well selection method for a water injection well implementing sub-zone water injection, which effectively inhibits the abrupt advance of boundary water along a non-principal layer and improves the water driving degree.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a variation of the water distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of well tie-up comparison in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a well group injection production grid diagram corresponding to a well group in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic half-section view of a seal ring of a test seal section corresponding to the bridge type eccentric water distributor in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "back", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
Example 1:
the injection-production control method for the irregular edge water reservoir for fracture development shown in fig. 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, determining an oil-water boundary based on the oil reservoir water content distribution diagram, and dividing an edge water inrush region;
s2, performing plug removal operation on the oil production well in the side water outburst area; after the blockage removal is finished, the liquid production strength of the oil production well in the side water inrush area is reduced by 10-20%, and the water injection strength of the water injection well in the side water inrush area is increased by 10-20%;
s3, encrypting injection-production well patterns at the oil-water boundary in the edge water inrush area, wherein the number of injection wells and water wells in the encryption wells is as follows: the number of the oil production wells is 1.5-2: 1;
s4, selecting partial water injection wells in the side water inrush region according to the crack development condition, and performing regional profile control;
the method for selecting part of the water injection wells comprises the following steps:
acquiring crack data of the edge water inrush region, and selecting a crack of which the included angle between the extension direction and the edge water inrush direction is less than or equal to 30 degrees, wherein the crack is defined as a finger-entering crack;
selecting a water injection well with an injection area positioned around the finger-entering fracture as a profile control simulating well;
obtaining a profile control index J of each profile control well based on water absorption capacity data, oil layer heterogeneity data and production dynamic data of surrounding oil wells of each profile control well;
and sequencing the profile control wells from high to low according to the profile control indexes, and selecting the water injection wells with higher profile control indexes according to a specified proportion.
Profile control index J is calculated by the following formula: j is 0.4 × water absorption index +0.2 × reservoir heterogeneity index +0.4 × surrounding oil well production dynamics index.
The water absorption capacity index is a weighting function based on an apparent water absorption index, a water absorption index and a pressure drop curve;
the reservoir heterogeneity index is a weighting function based on a permeability heterogeneity coefficient and a water absorption profile heterogeneity coefficient;
and the production dynamic index of the surrounding oil well is a weighted function based on the average liquid production amount, the average water content, the average residual reserve and the average production degree of the surrounding oil well.
Wherein, in the process of regional profile control, a system of the profile control agent is selected according to the following method:
if the water injection well corresponds to a single crack and the porosity of the stratum around the crack is lower than a set threshold value, selecting a high-strength gel profile control system;
if the water injection well corresponds to a single crack and the porosity of the stratum around the crack is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, selecting an associated polymer weak gel splitting system;
and if the water injection well corresponds to a plurality of cracks and any two cracks are intersected or the formation porosity between any two cracks is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, selecting a pre-crosslinked particle profile control system or a composite profile control system.
And S5, selecting partial water injection wells in the side water inrush area according to the crack development condition, and performing sub-zonal water injection.
The method for selecting part of the water injection wells comprises the following steps:
extracting water injection wells except the profile control well in the side water inrush area, selecting a co-injection well in the side water inrush area for water absorption profile test, and obtaining a co-injection well with a water absorption profile showing a single-layer non-water absorption, wherein the co-injection well is defined as a first water injection well to be determined;
in a specified stratum range, carrying out small-layer division on a first water injection well to be determined and surrounding oil production wells, and then carrying out well connection comparison to obtain a well group injection production grid diagram;
extracting an injection-production well group with production or without injection based on a well group injection-production grid diagram, and defining a water injection well in the injection-production well group as a second water injection well to be determined;
and selecting a part of the water injection well of which the perforation section in the second water injection well to be determined is positioned on the non-principal layer.
In a more preferred embodiment, the hole patching operation is performed on the non-primary zone for selected ones of the water injection wells before the sub-zonal water injection is performed.
In a more preferred embodiment, the fine layer water injection adopts a bridge type eccentric layer water injection process.
In a more preferred embodiment, the set threshold value corresponding to the porosity of the formation surrounding the fracture is between 110% and 120% of the average permeability of the corresponding reservoir.
Example 2:
based on the method described in example 1, this example will be described with reference to a block in the field of the Changqing oil field as an example.
The block area is 100.9km2(ii) a The construction position is at the middle section of the west part of the slope of Shaanxi, and the regional structureThe slope is gentle, the west slope is single, the average slope is less than 1 degree, and the slope falls by 6-7 m per kilometer. The regional oil exploration starts in sixty-seventy years of the last century and is a multi-oil-layer development region, a plurality of oil-containing layer systems such as a plurality of layer systems of a triad extension group and a plurality of layer systems of a Jurassic extension group and the like are found at present, the oil production of oil deposit by water injection development of the region accounts for 98.4 percent of the total output of the region, in the water injection development of the oil deposit, the longitudinal and plane heterogeneity of part of the oil deposit is serious due to the existence of cracks and local high permeability zones, the permeability grade difference is further increased, the injected water suddenly enters along the high permeability zones or the high permeability zones, the water-containing rising speed of an oil well is increased, and great troubles are brought to the oil field development. The main performance is as follows: firstly, after the oil well cracks meet water, the main oil well is flooded with water, the local reserves are out of control, and the water-driving utilization degree of the reserves of the oil reservoir is reduced. And secondly, a water injection channel from a water injection well to a production well is formed after the oil well is flooded, injected water is injected from the water well and is produced from the oil well, the oil reservoir water flooding efficiency is reduced, and the stratum pressure of the whole well group is slowly recovered. In 2010, a local well production group in the area is monitored by a tracer, and the problems of fracture channeling and the like of the area in the Jurassic system, the three-fold system A and the three-fold system B oil reservoirs at different degrees are found, particularly, the natural fractures of the three-fold system A oil reservoir in the area develop and the fracture artificial fractures extend, so that part of oil wells directly see injected water in a short period, namely the injected water enters along the artificial fractures or a high permeability zone in a single phase to form an 'ineffective cycle', and 17 openings of water flooded wells are found in sequence from 2009 to 2011.
Although the zone is in the initial stage of oil field development at present, the fracture characteristics of the zone are still not obvious, the problem of fracture channeling is gradually increased along with the development time of the zone, and the internal contradiction is more and more prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate it.
The water-cut layout change of a certain oil reservoir in the block from 2010 to 2019 is shown in the left-right direction of fig. 2, and according to the water inrush situation of the edge, the dotted-line square area in the right diagram of fig. 2 is divided into edge water inrush areas.
The oil reservoir body part has high liquid extraction strength, and injected water and bottom water are easy to intrude in one direction, so that an oil well blockage removal measure is implementedAnd (4) perfecting an injection-production well pattern at the edge of the oil reservoir, slowing down the propulsion of edge bottom water and controlling the water content to rise. Simultaneously, the water injection intensity of the water injection well in the side water inrush area is improved from 1.5 to 1.8m3And/m.d, improving the liquid production strength of the oil production well in equal proportion.
The technical data of well test interpretation and crack monitoring of the oil reservoir in recent years are obtained, and the half length of a fracturing crack reaches 80-12 meters. This directly results in a short period of time for some wells to see the injected water, i.e., the injected water communicates along the fractures. The large-scale high-strength fracturing and the development of 4+5 layers of natural fractures promote the formation of flooded fracture communication in partial oil-water wells, so that injected water is guided along artificial fractures or high permeability zones in a single phase to form short-circuit circulation, and therefore invalid water injection is formed, energy is wasted, on the other hand, formation energy cannot be effectively supplemented, water injection pressure cannot be increased, oil layer starting pressure cannot be reached, mining contradiction is aggravated, and oil field yield and later development are influenced. Based on the method, the oil reservoir takes deep profile control and profile control as important means of water control and oil stabilization, and multi-angle comprehensive analysis is performed to optimize well selection, agent selection and oil selection. Factors that will influence profile control well selection: the water absorption index, the pressure drop curve, the permeability coefficient of variation, the heterogeneity of the water absorption profile, the water content of the corresponding oil well, the extraction degree, the control reserve and other factors of the water injection well are summarized into three factors of reflecting the water absorption capacity of the water injection well, reflecting the heterogeneity of an oil layer and corresponding the dynamics of the surrounding oil wells, and on the basis, an optimized model for selecting the profile control well is established by applying the comprehensive evaluation technology of an exclusion method, and the selection order of the profile control well is judged according to the multi-stage decision result.
In addition, the development contradiction that the local injection and mining of the block are not corresponding mainly exists in the three-folding-system A oil reservoir in the block, the oil reservoir mainly develops two sets of oil-containing layer systems A1 and A2, the oil-containing layer systems such as the local development A3, A4 and A5, small layers of the oil-containing layer systems change quickly in the transverse direction, multiple interlayer layers exist in the oil layer systems, the heterogeneity is strong, the development effect in the initial development stage is poor due to the fact that the local injection and mining corresponding relation is poor because of no fine layered water injection, the development contradiction that 'injection and mining are not performed' and 'mining and non-injection are performed' exists, the development effect in the initial development stage is poor, the water drive reserve control degree is 85.2%, the water drive reserve utilization degree is 66.5%, and the natural decline in the initial development is about 20%. For this purpose, the present example was subjected to a fine water injection. Wherein well selection is performed by the following method:
firstly, extracting water injection wells except the profile control well to be tested in a side water inrush area, selecting a co-injection well therein for water absorption profile test, and obtaining a co-injection well with a water absorption profile showing a single-layer non-water absorption, wherein the co-injection well is defined as a first water injection well to be determined; then, in the A1-A5 layer system, carrying out small-layer division on the first water injection well to be determined and the surrounding oil production wells, and then carrying out well connection comparison as shown in figure 3 to obtain a well group injection production grid diagram; fig. 4 is a well group injection-production grid diagram corresponding to one of the well groups.
And analyzing and rechecking the injection-production grid-shaped graphs of all the well groups to obtain 16 residual injection-production well groups with or without production, namely 16 water injection wells to be determined for the second time. The wells are mainly concentrated at the side part of an oil reservoir, the oil reservoir changes greatly, a main development small layer system is absent or unstable, all oil production wells corresponding to 13 wells are non-main layers which are opened, and therefore the perforation sections of the 13 injection wells are also positioned in the non-main layers to perform sub-injection operation on the 13 wells.
In addition, the following measures are strictly executed in the process of the fine separated layer water injection:
(1) strengthening the well washing force: the well must be washed on time every quarter in the layering water injection well, and the well that absorbs water and descend in time adds and washes, and well washing is carried out according to water injection well washing standard, and well head filter equipment system is put into operation simultaneously, and the filter core is changed on time every season, guarantees that well head quality of water is qualified.
(2) Enhanced data acquisition: the single-pipe water quantity is required to be inspected once every four hours, the single-pipe water quantity is adjusted in time, and meanwhile, the parameter change of the injection well is recorded and reported in time. Geological technicians are required to combine the allocation test data according to the dynamic condition of the oil reservoir, adjust the allocation of the sub-injection wells in time, and take measures on single-layer over-injection wells and under-injection wells in time to achieve early discovery and early treatment.
(3) And (3) strengthening the inspection string work of the separate injection well: the method is characterized in that the method carries out string inspection treatment on abnormal wells with three or more years of unmoved tubular columns, allocation meeting blockage, water absorption profile testing meeting blockage and the like.
(4) And (3) strengthening training of technicians: the well is washed, the test is allocated, the well is injected to check string, measure and test the water absorption section in each season, and in the field test process, technical personnel must supervise in the field and verify the relevant recorded data.
Example 3:
on the basis of any one of the embodiments, the fine separated layer water injection adopts a bridge type eccentric separated layer water injection process. The bridge type eccentric stratified water injection process needs to use a bridge type eccentric water distributor, and a flowmeter needs to be matched with a testing sealing section when the flow collecting flow rate is tested on site. The test result is directly influenced by the quality of the sealing capability of the test sealing section. In the prior art, the sealing of the test sealing section is realized by the rubber sealing ring outside the tool string, the outer diameter of the sealing ring in the traditional technology needs to be larger than the outer diameter of the sealing section body, and the sealing ring is hard to avoid generating a large amount of friction with the wall of a lower well when the directional well with a large well inclination is thrown and fished for use, so that the sealing ring is seriously abraded. Based on this, also appeared among the prior art and been used for the test seal section of bridge type eccentric water injection mandrel's compression, the sealing washer external diameter on it is less than the external diameter of seal section body, through aggravating the mode of top connection after test seal section seat is on the water injection mandrel, the pipe cluster is transferred to messenger's sealing washer by compression deformation, realizes the sealed to the main entrance.
However, the prior art of compression type still faces the following problems in the actual application process in the field: because the outer diameter of the sealing ring is smaller than that of the sealing section body, an annular step surface is inevitably formed between the bottom of the sealing ring and the sealing section body, impurities (such as sand produced in a well) in the well are easily accumulated in the step surface, even the normal compression and expansion of the sealing ring are interfered in the serious condition, and when the sealing ring is forcibly compressed by the gravity of an upper joint in the well, the impurities are even possibly forced to be extruded into the sealing ring and can not be automatically separated after the sealing section is tested to be unsealed and lifted, so that the serious abrasion of the impurities on the inner wall of the sleeve in the well discharging process is easily caused.
In order to overcome the above problems, in this embodiment, the structure of the sealing ring of the testing sealing section matched with the bridge type eccentric water distributor is improved, as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, an annular elastic collar 2 is arranged outside the sealing ring 1, so that the bottom end of the elastic collar 2 is located on the step surface between the bottom of the sealing ring 1 and the sealing section body 3. The elastic lantern ring 2 is clung to the bottom of the outer side wall of the sealing ring 1 under the action of prestress in a normal state, and the thickness of the elastic lantern ring 2 is equal to the width of the step surface (namely the radius difference between the sealing ring and the sealing section body). The top of the elastic lantern ring 2, namely one end of the elastic lantern ring 2 close to the upper joint 4 is provided with a circular arc chamfer 5 which inclines radially outwards.
When the sealing ring sealing device works, in the process that the upper joint downwards presses the sealing ring, the sealing ring normally outwards presses, deforms and expands, the elastic sleeve ring 2 deforms along with the sealing ring, the elastic sleeve ring 2 is tightly attached between the sealing ring and the outer pipe wall, and the elastic sleeve ring is only located at the bottom of the sealing ring, so that the normal sealing effect of the whole sealing ring cannot be influenced; and because the existence of the elastic lantern ring can also form a circle of rigid isolation layer at the bottom of the sealing ring, the direct contact between the well fluid and the sealing ring in the sealing process can be properly reduced, the problem of rapid aging of the sealing ring made of rubber materials caused by high-temperature fluid in the stratum is solved, and a layer of rigid sealing is added on the basis of the traditional flexible sealing to improve the sealing performance. Certainly, when the test sealing section is unsealed and lifted, the upper joint does not extrude the sealing ring any more, the sealing ring shrinks inwards, the elastic sleeve ring 2 also shrinks inwards to realize automatic reset and is tightly attached to the outer wall of the sealing ring again, and serious abrasion caused by direct contact of the sealing ring and the sleeve wall is avoided.
In addition, in the embodiment, the elastic lantern ring 2 occupies the step surface, so that firstly, the accumulation of impurities in the well at the step surface can be avoided, and the impurities slide outwards along the arc chamfer 5 and cannot be gathered outside the elastic lantern ring 2; compared with a mode of directly arranging a chamfer on the step surface, the stable installation of the sealing ring can be ensured, and the condition that the sealing ring is not stably assembled and even falls off in a well due to the influence of the lower chamfer is avoided; in addition, compared with the mode that the sealing section body 3 is directly extended upwards and then provided with a chamfer, the elastic lantern ring 2 utilized by the embodiment has elasticity, so that the rigidity limitation on the bottom of the sealing ring can be avoided, and the sealing ring can be guaranteed to be extruded and deformed to expand outwards.
It should be noted that the elastic collar 2 of the present embodiment is only welded at the bottom end, and the top end thereof is a free end, and only depends on the pre-stress to have a tendency of inwardly converging.
Preferably, in order to cooperate with the elastic collar 2, a first annular groove 6 and a second annular groove 7 are further disposed inside the sealing ring 1, wherein the first annular groove 6 and the second annular groove 7 are distributed vertically, as shown in fig. 5, the longitudinal sections of the first annular groove 6 and the second annular groove 7 are both arc-shaped, and the groove depth of the second annular groove 7 is smaller than that of the first annular groove 6. In this embodiment, the second annular groove 7 is located below and closer to the elastic collar 2, and the wall thickness of the corresponding seal ring is thicker. The sealing washer among the prior art generally sets up an annular groove that is located the centre height department, its main function is the deformation of the sealing washer of being convenient for to expand, first annular groove 6 of this embodiment can partly be equivalent to its function, but this embodiment still has second annular groove 7, because the existence of second annular groove 7, make first annular groove 6 no longer be located the centre height position, but be located the center on the higher side, make the sealing washer deformation region that first annular groove 6 corresponds keep away from the elastic sleeve ring 2 more, the radial restraint that receives is littleer, more can be when receiving the extrusion rapid deformation expand and expand. In addition, because the sealing washer wall thickness that second annular groove 7 department corresponds is thicker, therefore the sealing washer of this position is receiving extrusion outwards to expand when producing deformation, and its radial outside deformation power is bigger, more easily pushes away the elasticity lantern ring 2 outwards to fully contact with outside pipe wall, and this deformation is also relatively stable, avoids resetting by oneself because of the inside thrust of elasticity lantern ring 2.
Preferably, the width of the step surface between the bottom of the sealing ring 1 and the sealing section body 3 is 3-5 mm, and the maximum thickness of the elastic lantern ring 2 is equal to the maximum thickness.
Preferably, the elastic collar 2 is made of stainless steel.
Preferably, the length of the elastic sleeve ring 2 is equal to 1/8-1/6 of the total length of the sealing ring 1 along the axial direction.
Preferably, the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring matched with the testing sealing section matched with the bridge type eccentric water distributor can be suitable for the embodiment.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Further, the term "connected" used herein may be directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without being particularly described.
Claims (10)
1. The injection-production regulation and control method of the irregular edge water reservoir for crack development is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining an oil-water boundary based on the oil reservoir water content distribution diagram, and dividing an edge water inrush region;
s2, performing plug removal operation on the oil production well in the side water outburst area; after the blockage removal is finished, the liquid production strength of the oil production well in the side water inrush area is reduced, and meanwhile, the water injection strength of the water injection well in the side water inrush area is increased;
s3, encrypting an injection-production well pattern at the oil-water boundary in the edge water inrush area;
s4, selecting partial water injection wells in the side water inrush region according to the crack development condition, and performing regional profile control;
and S5, selecting partial water injection wells in the side water inrush area according to the crack development condition, and performing sub-zonal water injection.
2. The method for controlling injection and production of an irregular edge water reservoir for fracture development as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the production fluid strength of the production well is reduced by 10-20%, and the injection water strength of the injection well is increased by 10-20%.
3. The injection-production control method for irregular boundary water reservoirs for fracture development according to claim 1, characterized in that in the injection-production well pattern encrypted in step S3, the number of water injection wells is: the number of the oil production wells is 1.5-2: 1.
4. The method for controlling injection and production of the irregular edge water reservoir for fracture development as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for selecting the partial water injection well in step S4 comprises:
s401, acquiring crack data of the edge water inrush region, and selecting a crack of which the included angle between the extension direction and the edge water inrush direction is less than or equal to 30 degrees, wherein the crack is defined as a finger-entering crack;
s402, selecting a water injection well with an injection area around the finger-entering fracture as a profile control simulating well;
s403, obtaining the profile control index of each profile control well based on the water absorption capacity data, the oil layer heterogeneity data and the production dynamic data of the surrounding oil wells of each profile control well;
s404, sequencing the wells to be profile-controlled from high to low according to the profile control indexes, and selecting the water injection wells with higher profile control indexes according to the specified proportion.
5. The injection-production control method for the irregular edge water reservoir for fracture development as claimed in claim 4, wherein the profile control index J is calculated by the following formula: j is 0.4 × water absorption index +0.2 × reservoir heterogeneity index +0.4 × surrounding oil well production dynamics index.
6. The method of regulating injection and production of an irregular edge water reservoir for fracture development according to claim 5,
the water absorption capacity index is a function based on apparent water absorption index, water absorption index and pressure drop curve;
the reservoir heterogeneity index is a function based on a permeability heterogeneity coefficient and a water absorption profile heterogeneity coefficient;
the production dynamic index of the surrounding oil wells is a function based on the average liquid production amount, the average water content, the average residual reserve volume and the average extraction degree of the surrounding oil wells.
7. The method for controlling injection and production of the irregular edge water reservoir for fracture development according to claim 4, wherein in the regional profile control process of the step S4, a profile control agent system is selected according to the following method:
if the water injection well corresponds to a single crack and the porosity of the stratum around the crack is lower than a set threshold value, selecting a high-strength gel profile control system;
if the water injection well corresponds to a single crack and the porosity of the stratum around the crack is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, selecting an associated polymer weak gel splitting system;
and if the water injection well corresponds to a plurality of cracks and any two cracks are intersected or the formation porosity between any two cracks is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, selecting a pre-crosslinked particle profile control system or a composite profile control system.
8. The method for controlling injection and production of the irregular edge water reservoir for fracture development as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method for selecting the partial water injection well in step S5 comprises:
s501, extracting water injection wells except the to-be-profile-controlled well in a side water inrush area, selecting a co-injection well from the water injection wells to perform water absorption profile test, and obtaining a co-injection well with a water absorption profile showing a single-layer non-water absorption, wherein the co-injection well is defined as a first water injection well to be determined;
s502, in a specified stratum range, carrying out small-layer division on a first water injection well to be determined and surrounding oil production wells, and then carrying out well connection comparison to obtain a well group injection production grid-shaped graph;
s503, extracting an injection-production well group with production or without injection based on a well group injection-production grid diagram, and defining a water injection well in the injection-production well group as a second undetermined water injection well;
s504, selecting a part of water injection well of which the perforation section in the second water injection well to be determined is positioned in the non-principal layer.
9. The method for injection and production control of irregular edge water reservoirs for fracture development as claimed in claim 8, wherein, before the step S5 of performing the sub-zonal water injection, the hole repairing operation is performed on the selected part of the water injection wells in the non-principal zone.
10. The method for injection-production control of irregular edge water reservoirs for fracture development as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sub-zonal water injection employs a bridge type eccentric zonal water injection process.
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