CN114540810B - Clamping device for laser cladding of engine connecting rod and connecting rod repairing method - Google Patents
Clamping device for laser cladding of engine connecting rod and connecting rod repairing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114540810B CN114540810B CN202210133957.8A CN202210133957A CN114540810B CN 114540810 B CN114540810 B CN 114540810B CN 202210133957 A CN202210133957 A CN 202210133957A CN 114540810 B CN114540810 B CN 114540810B
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000028571 Occupational disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a clamping device for laser cladding of an engine connecting rod and a connecting rod repairing method, wherein the clamping device comprises the following components: the rotary table and the plurality of clamps are uniformly arranged on the rotary table in the circumferential direction; the turntable is fixedly provided with a gear ring, the gear ring is meshed with a driving gear, and the driving gear is driven by a motor device; the fixture comprises a T-shaped support, a positioning shaft, a fixed support block and an inserting support block, wherein the T-shaped support is inversely fixed on the turntable, the fixed support block and the positioning shaft are fixed on the T-shaped support, the fixed support block is positioned above the positioning shaft obliquely, the fixed support block is provided with a positioning pin group, and the inserting support block is inserted on the T-shaped support when the connecting rod cover is clamped. According to the deformation out-of-round phenomenon of the big end hole of the connecting rod, the repairing is carried out by adopting a laser cladding method, thereby solving the problems of weakening strength of the size reduction repairing method, environmental pollution caused by the brush plating material adding method and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine connecting rod repairing, in particular to a clamping device for laser cladding of an engine connecting rod and a connecting rod repairing method.
Background
The engine is the heart of an automobile, is one of core parts for remanufacturing the automobile, the connecting rod is one of key parts of the engine, has higher single value, has remanufacturing value, and can easily deform and lose circle due to the fact that the connecting rod is subjected to alternating load effects such as compression, stretching and the like in the working process.
At present, the connecting rod big-end hole is generally repaired by the following method:
size reduction repair method
Part of enterprises in the remanufacturing industry adopt boring the defective connecting rod big end hole again according to the unified size standard, so that the quality problems of abrasion, deformation and ultra-poor size of the surface of the connecting rod big end hole are solved, and meanwhile, the special thickened connecting rod tile for assembly and use is designed and produced, so that the original matching size standard can be achieved, the defect problem of the connecting rod is solved, and the repairing and reutilization of the connecting rod are realized.
Nano brush plating repair method
Nano electric brush plating is a surface engineering technology in which one or more insoluble nano particles are added into a brush plating solution, and the nano particles and matrix metal ions are co-deposited and fused to the positions of connecting rod holes by utilizing the electric brush plating principle.
The two methods have the following problems:
size reduction repair method
The repairing scheme has the advantages that on one hand, the aperture of the connecting rod is enlarged, the tensile strength of the connecting rod is weakened, on the other hand, the special connecting rod tile is required to be replaced for repairing the connecting rod, the interchangeability of parts is poor, the market acceptance is not high, and the market batch repairing application cannot be realized.
Nano brush plating repair method
The practice proves that the repairing technology of the brush plating has good repairing effect on the defects of the big end hole of the connecting rod, but the brush plating is difficult to control the roughness and the dimensional accuracy of the surface of the plating layer, and most importantly, the brush plating solution contains substances such as acids, heavy metal nickel and the like, so that the requirements of environmental impact evaluation and occupational disease hazard evaluation are not met, and the repairing method is forbidden by the environmental protection department.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings, the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: the clamping device is used for clamping the connecting rod body and the connecting rod cover during connecting rod repairing. Based on the same inventive concept, the second technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the laser cladding repairing method for the engine connecting rod can be used for rapidly repairing the connecting rod, is pollution-free and environment-friendly.
In order to solve the first technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
clamping device for laser cladding repair of engine connecting rod, including: the rotary table and the plurality of clamps are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the rotary table;
the turntable is fixedly provided with a gear ring, the gear ring is meshed with a driving gear, and the driving gear is driven by a motor device;
the fixture comprises a T-shaped support, a positioning shaft, a fixed support block and an inserting support block, wherein the T-shaped support is inversely fixed on the turntable, the fixed support block and the positioning shaft are fixed on the T-shaped support, the fixed support block is positioned above the positioning shaft obliquely, the fixed support block is provided with a positioning pin group, and the inserting support block is inserted on the T-shaped support when the connecting rod cover is clamped.
Preferably, the locating pin group comprises a fixed pin and a sliding pin which are matched for use, a sliding groove is formed in the fixed supporting block, the big end of the sliding pin slides in the sliding groove, and the small end of the sliding pin is in threaded connection with a nut.
In order to solve the second technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a laser cladding repairing method for an engine connecting rod comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting connecting rods to be repaired in batches, measuring the inner diameter of a big end hole of each connecting rod, and determining the maximum out-of-tolerance diameter;
s2, boring and milling a deformation layer of the large-head hole, wherein the boring and milling amount is larger than the maximum out-of-tolerance diameter;
s3, cleaning the big head hole by using a cleaning agent;
s4, filling the tile slot holes of the connecting rod by using sand clay;
s5, splitting the connecting rod, and respectively fixing the split connecting rod cover or the connecting rod body on the clamp;
s6, the motor device drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear drives the turntable to rotate, the turntable conveys the connecting rod body or the connecting rod cover to be repaired to the laser cladding station for laser cladding operation, and the connecting rod body or the connecting rod cover subjected to the laser cladding operation is taken away from the laser cladding station;
s7, removing the connecting rod body or the connecting rod cover which is subjected to laser cladding operation from the clamp;
s8, removing sand clay in the tile slot holes;
s9, detecting the coating after laser cladding;
s10, assembling the laser-clad connecting rod body and the connecting rod cover together according to a specified pretightening force, and processing the size of the big head hole in place;
s11, replacing the new bolts and the new bearing bushes, and warehousing the connecting rod after the assembly of the connecting rod is completed.
Preferably, in step S1, the inner diameter of the large-headed hole of each connecting rod is measured from four directions and recorded, and the maximum out-of-tolerance diameters are compared.
Preferably, in step S2, the boring and milling amount is smaller than the single-layer cladding thickness obtained by the laser cladding apparatus under the optimal process parameters.
Preferably, in step S3, the cleaning agent is alcohol.
Preferably, in step S6, the mass percentages of the components of the alloy powder used for the laser cladding operation are as follows:
0.2 to 0.3 percent of C, 0.032 to 0.040 percent of O, 0.83 to 0.90 percent of B, and Cr: 16.89-18.89%, mn:0.25 to 0.30 percent, mo:1.03 to 2.50 percent of Ni:5.69 to 7.69 percent, si:0.9 to 1.5 percent of nano TiC particles: 8-12% and the balance of Fe.
Preferably, in step S6, the process parameters of laser cladding are: the power is 1100-1300W, the scanning speed is 900-1100 mm/min, the rotating speed of the powder disk is 0.8-1.2 r/min, the lap joint rate is 45-50%, the laser spot diameter is 2.4mm, and the powder is fed in a synchronous powder feeding mode.
Preferably, in step S9, the coating is observed for defects by scanning electron microscopy, the thickness of the coating is measured, and the hardness and tensile strength of the coating are tested.
Preferably, in step S10, the large-headed hole is honed to size it in place and the tile slot and chamfer are cleared of burrs.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the deformation out-of-round phenomenon of the big end hole of the connecting rod, the repairing is carried out by adopting a laser cladding method, thereby solving the problems of weakening strength of the size reduction repairing method, environmental pollution caused by the brush plating material adding method and the like.
2) The iron-based powder for repairing the connecting rod can ensure that the cladding coating and the matrix form metallurgical bonding, and the cladding coating has excellent wear resistance and strength.
3) The sand clay is used for filling and protecting the tile slot holes, so that secondary processing of the tile slot holes is greatly simplified, and the repair efficiency and quality are improved.
4) And a batch tooling for repairing the connecting rods is designed, so that the repairing efficiency is greatly improved.
5) Through the integral repairing method, the connecting rod can be ensured to be remanufactured and repaired to meet the service performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a clamping device for laser cladding of an engine connecting rod;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamp of FIG. 1 (for clamping a connecting rod cover);
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the slide pin of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamp clamping link cover of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamp of FIG. 1 (for clamping a link body);
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamp clamping link body of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1. a turntable; 11. a gear ring; 2. a clamp; 21. a T-shaped bracket; 22. positioning a shaft; 23. fixing the supporting block; 24. inserting a supporting block; 25. a fixing pin; 26. a sliding pin; 27. a chute; 28. a nut; 3. a drive gear; 4. a link body; 5. and a connecting rod cover.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 5 together, a clamping device for repairing an engine connecting rod by laser cladding comprises: the rotary table 1 and a plurality of clamps 2 which are uniformly arranged on the rotary table in the circumferential direction;
the turntable 1 is fixedly provided with a gear ring 11, the gear ring 11 is meshed with the driving gear 3, the driving gear 3 is driven by a motor device, and the motor device is a motor or a motor-driven speed reducer;
the fixture 2 comprises a T-shaped support 21, a positioning shaft 22, a fixed support block 23 and an inserting support block 24, wherein the T-shaped support 21 is inversely fixed on the turntable 1, the fixed support block 23 and the positioning shaft 22 are fixed on the T-shaped support 21, the fixed support block 23 is positioned above the positioning shaft 22, the fixed support block 23 is provided with a positioning pin group, and the inserting support block 24 is inserted on the T-shaped support when the connecting rod cover 5 is clamped.
The locating pin group includes fixed pin 25 and slide pin 26 that the cooperation was used, is equipped with spout 27 on the fixed support piece 23, and the big head end of slide pin 26 slides in spout 27, as shown in fig. 3, and slide pin 26 tip threaded connection has nut 28.
As shown in fig. 6, when the connecting rod body 4 is clamped, the small end hole of the connecting rod body 4 is sleeved on the positioning shaft 22, the big end of the connecting rod body 4 is supported on the fixed supporting block 23, the connecting rod body 4 is moved until the connecting rod body is contacted with the fixed pin 25, then the sliding pin 26 is moved along the sliding groove 27 until the sliding pin 26 is contacted with the connecting rod body 4, and the nut 28 is screwed to lock the position of the sliding pin 26, so that the connecting rod body 4 is fixedly clamped on the clamp 2. When the connecting rod body 4 is removed, the nut 28 is unscrewed, the sliding pin 26 is moved away from the connecting rod body 4 along the sliding groove 27, and then the small head hole of the connecting rod body 4 is separated from the positioning shaft 22, so that the connecting rod body 4 is removed.
As shown in fig. 4, when the link cover 5 is clamped, the insert supporting block 24 is inserted on the T-shaped bracket 21, the link cover 5 is supported between the fixed supporting block 23 and the insert supporting block 24, the link cover 5 is moved until it contacts the fixing pin 25, then the slide pin 26 is moved along the slide groove 27 until the slide pin 26 contacts the link cover 5, and the nut 28 is tightened to lock the position of the slide pin 26, thereby fixing and clamping the link cover 5 on the jig 2. When the link cover 5 is removed, the nut 28 is unscrewed, the slide pin 26 is moved away from the link cover 5 along the slide groove 27, and then the link cover 5 is taken out, completing the removal of the link cover 5.
Example two
The laser cladding repairing method for the engine connecting rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, collecting connecting rods to be repaired in batches, measuring the inner diameter of a big end hole of each connecting rod from four directions, recording, and comparing to obtain the maximum out-of-tolerance diameter. The included angle between two adjacent directions is 45 degrees, and the diameter of the big-head hole can be measured from six directions or eight directions.
S2, boring and milling a deformation layer of the large-head hole, wherein the boring and milling amount is larger than the maximum out-of-tolerance diameter so as to completely remove the deformation.
S3, cleaning the processing surface by using absolute alcohol, removing impurities such as oxides, greasy dirt and the like, and thoroughly removing the greasy dirt and sediment remained in the oil duct.
S4, filling the connecting rod tile slot holes with sand clay, pressing and shaping with a scraper, and cleaning up the redundant clay. The sand clay can not crack and shrink after being shaped, and can isolate the cladding powder from entering the tile slot holes.
S5, splitting the connecting rod, and fixing the split connecting rod cover 4 or the connecting rod body 5 on the clamp 2 respectively.
S6, the motor device drives the driving gear 3 to rotate, the driving gear 3 drives the turntable 1 to rotate, the turntable 1 conveys the connecting rod body 4 or the connecting rod cover 5 to be repaired to a laser cladding station for laser cladding operation, and the connecting rod body 4 or the connecting rod cover 5 which is subjected to the laser cladding operation is taken away from the laser cladding station, so that the connecting rod body 4 or the connecting rod cover 5 is repaired uninterruptedly.
S7, detaching the connecting rod body 4 or the connecting rod cover 5 subjected to the laser cladding operation from the clamp 2.
S8, removing sand clay in the tile slot holes. The sand clay is heated, agglomerated and solidified in the laser cladding process, but cannot be adhered to the connecting rod body 4 or the connecting rod cover 5, and the sand clay is knocked at the expanding section to enable Sha Niantu to fall off from the tile slot hole.
S9, detecting the coating after laser cladding. The thermal deformation of the connecting rod after cladding is small, the defects of compactness, no cracks and the like of the coating are observed by adopting a scanning electron microscope, whether the thickness of the coating meets the requirements or not is measured, and whether the hardness and the tensile strength of the coating meet the requirements or not is tested. The hardness is measured by a hardness tester, and according to a third strength theory, the allowable shear stress [ tau ] =0.5 and the allowable yield stress [ sigma ], the shear strength of the obtained coating is tested by a shear tester, so that the actual tensile strength of the coating can be obtained.
S10, assembling the laser-clad 4 and the connecting rod cover 5 together according to a specified pretightening force, honing the big end hole to process the size in place, meeting the requirements of cylindricity and roughness, and cleaning burrs at the tile slot hole and the chamfer angle.
S11, replacing new bolts and bearing bushes, assembling the connecting rod according to GB/T28679, and packaging and warehousing the connecting rod. In the step S6, the mass percentages of the components of the alloy powder adopted for the laser cladding operation are as follows:
0.2 to 0.3 percent of C, 0.032 to 0.040 percent of O, 0.83 to 0.90 percent of B, and Cr: 16.89-18.89%, mn:0.25 to 0.30 percent, mo:1.03 to 2.50 percent of Ni:5.69 to 7.69 percent, si:0.9 to 1.5 percent of nano TiC particles: 8-12% and the balance of Fe.
According to the method, the wear resistance and toughness of the coating can be greatly improved by adjusting the consumption of each component element in the alloy powder and adding the toughening elements such as Ni, mo and the like. The Mo element can strengthen fine grains and inhibit formation of coarse hard and coarse structures. The Ni element can promote the transformation from martensite to austenite of the material, and the austenite serves as a toughness phase, so that the toughness of the material can be remarkably improved, and the tensile strength of the material is improved. The elements such as iron, chromium, molybdenum, carbon and the like in the powder can form high-hardness alloy carbide, so that the hardness and wear resistance of the coating are improved. The mesh number of the alloy powder is as follows: 100-300 meshes. In order to further improve the mechanical property of the coating, a certain amount of nano TiC particles are added into the powder, so that the TiC can further refine grains, the grain refinement increases the number and the area of grain boundaries, the grain boundaries can be reinforced, and the tensile strength of the coating is further improved. Before the laser cladding operation, the alloy powder and nano TiC particles are prepared into cladding composite powder with a micro-nano structure by utilizing a planetary ball mill (cladding means that nano TiC (small particles) are adhered to the surface of iron-based powder (large particles)), so that the alloy powder and the nano TiC particles are uniformly distributed and dried in a vacuum drying oven for later use.
In step S6, the technological parameters of laser cladding are: the power is 1100-1300W, the scanning speed is 900-1100 mm/min, the rotating speed of the powder disk is 0.8-1.2 r/min, the lap joint rate is 45-50%, the laser spot diameter is 2.4mm, and the powder is fed in a synchronous powder feeding mode.
In step S2, the boring and milling amount should also be smaller than the thickness of the single-layer coating obtained by the laser cladding apparatus under the optimal process parameters, because the cladding subsurface layer with optimal performance can be obtained after machining.
The application has the following advantages:
1) According to the deformation out-of-round phenomenon of the big end hole of the connecting rod, the repairing is carried out by adopting a laser cladding method, thereby solving the problems of weakening strength of the size reduction repairing method, environmental pollution caused by the brush plating material adding method and the like.
2) The iron-based powder for repairing the connecting rod can ensure that the cladding coating and the matrix form metallurgical bonding, and the cladding coating has excellent wear resistance and strength.
3) The sand clay is used for filling and protecting the tile slot holes, so that secondary processing of the tile slot holes is greatly simplified, and the repair efficiency and quality are improved.
4) And a batch tooling for repairing the connecting rods is designed, so that the repairing efficiency is greatly improved.
5) Through the integral repairing method, the connecting rod can be ensured to be remanufactured and repaired to meet the service performance.
The foregoing is illustrative of the best mode of carrying out the invention, and is not presented in any detail as is known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The protection scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical teaching of the invention is also within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The laser cladding repairing method for the engine connecting rod is characterized in that,
the method is based on the clamping device for the laser cladding repair of the engine connecting rod, and the clamping device for the laser cladding repair of the engine connecting rod comprises the following steps:
the rotary table and the plurality of clamps are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the rotary table;
the turntable is fixedly provided with a gear ring, the gear ring is meshed with a driving gear, and the driving gear is driven by a motor device;
the fixture comprises a T-shaped support, a positioning shaft, a fixed support block and an inserting support block, wherein the T-shaped support is inversely fixed on the turntable, the fixed support block and the positioning shaft are fixed on the T-shaped support, the fixed support block is positioned above the positioning shaft obliquely, the fixed support block is provided with a positioning pin group, and the inserting support block is inserted on the T-shaped support when the connecting rod cover is clamped;
the positioning pin group comprises a fixed pin and a sliding pin which are matched for use, a sliding groove is formed in the fixed supporting block, the big end of the sliding pin slides in the sliding groove, and the small end of the sliding pin is in threaded connection with a nut;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting connecting rods to be repaired in batches, measuring the inner diameter of a big end hole of each connecting rod, and determining the maximum out-of-tolerance diameter;
s2, boring and milling a deformation layer of the large-head hole, wherein the boring and milling amount is larger than the maximum out-of-tolerance diameter;
s3, cleaning the big head hole by using a cleaning agent;
s4, filling the tile slot holes of the connecting rod by using sand clay;
s5, splitting the connecting rod, and respectively fixing the split connecting rod cover or the connecting rod body on the clamp;
s6, the motor device drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear drives the turntable to rotate, the turntable conveys the connecting rod body or the connecting rod cover to be repaired to the laser cladding station for laser cladding operation, and the connecting rod body or the connecting rod cover subjected to the laser cladding operation is taken away from the laser cladding station;
s7, removing the connecting rod body or the connecting rod cover which is subjected to laser cladding operation from the clamp;
s8, removing sand clay in the tile slot holes;
s9, detecting the coating after laser cladding;
s10, assembling the laser-clad connecting rod body and the connecting rod cover together according to a specified pretightening force, and processing the size of the big head hole in place;
s11, replacing the new bolts and the new bearing bushes, and warehousing the connecting rod after the assembly of the connecting rod is completed.
2. The method for repairing a connecting rod of an engine by laser cladding according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the inner diameter of a large-head hole of each connecting rod is measured from four directions and recorded, and the maximum out-of-tolerance diameter is obtained by comparison.
3. The method for repairing the engine connecting rod through laser cladding according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the boring and milling amount is smaller than the single-layer cladding thickness obtained by the adopted laser cladding equipment under the optimal technological parameters.
4. The method for repairing an engine connecting rod by laser cladding according to claim 3, wherein in the step S3, the cleaning agent is alcohol.
5. The laser cladding repairing method of the engine connecting rod of claim 2, wherein in the step S6, the mass percentages of the components of the alloy powder adopted for the laser cladding operation are as follows:
0.2 to 0.3 percent of C, 0.032 to 0.040 percent of O, 0.83 to 0.90 percent of B, and Cr: 16.89-18.89%, mn:0.25 to 0.30 percent, mo:1.03 to 2.50 percent of Ni:5.69 to 7.69 percent, si:0.9 to 1.5 percent of nano TiC particles: 8-12%, and the balance being Fe.
6. The method for repairing the engine connecting rod by laser cladding according to claim 2, wherein in the step S6, the technological parameters of laser cladding are as follows: the power is 1100-1300W, the scanning speed is 900-1100 mm/min, the rotating speed of the powder disk is 0.8-1.2 r/min, the lap joint rate is 45-50%, the laser spot diameter is 2.4mm, and the powder is fed in a synchronous powder feeding mode.
7. The method for repairing a connecting rod of an engine by laser cladding according to claim 2, wherein in step S9, the coating is observed by scanning electron microscopy for defects, the thickness of the coating is measured, and the hardness and tensile strength of the coating are measured.
8. The method for repairing a connecting rod of an engine by laser cladding according to claim 2, wherein in step S10, the large-end hole is honed to be in place, and burrs at the tile slot hole and the chamfer are removed.
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