CN114540807A - Method for repairing and PVD surface strengthening of cutting edge of disc shear blade - Google Patents
Method for repairing and PVD surface strengthening of cutting edge of disc shear blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN114540807A CN114540807A CN202110241648.8A CN202110241648A CN114540807A CN 114540807 A CN114540807 A CN 114540807A CN 202110241648 A CN202110241648 A CN 202110241648A CN 114540807 A CN114540807 A CN 114540807A
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000797 Ultra-high-strength steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
- C23C14/0036—Reactive sputtering
- C23C14/0057—Reactive sputtering using reactive gases other than O2, H2O, N2, NH3 or CH4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0635—Carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0641—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/083—Oxides of refractory metals or yttrium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/46—Sputtering by ion beam produced by an external ion source
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a repair and PVD surface strengthening method for a cutting edge of a disc shear blade, which grinds a plane and an excircle part of a damaged disc shear blade, repairs the ground part of the disc shear blade by adopting a laser cladding technology to obtain a laser cladding layer metallurgically combined with a body of the disc shear blade, and performs flaw detection and machining on the laser cladding layer to finish the repair of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade. The strengthening method is to pretreat the blade edge, place the disc shear blade in a vacuum furnace, and form a carbide inner coating, a nitride second coating and an oxide protective coating in turn by a specific process, and finish the strengthening treatment of the blade edge surface after cooling treatment. The method overcomes the defect of repairing the cutting edge of the traditional disc shear blade, adopts the laser cladding and PVD surface strengthening technology to realize the repair and strengthening of the cutting edge, greatly improves the shearing performance of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade, prolongs the service life, reduces the production cost, and ensures the production quality and efficiency of the automobile steel plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a method for repairing a cutting edge of a disc shear blade and strengthening a PVD (physical vapor deposition) surface aiming at high-strength automobile steel plate shearing.
Background
The disc shear blade is an important device in the processing of the automobile steel plate and is related to the shearing quality and the production efficiency of the automobile steel plate. Most of the disc shear blades adopt an integral structure or an embedded structure, the cutting edge part is made of special steel or hard alloy through certain production processes such as heat treatment hardening and the like, and the shearing of automobile steel plates with common strength below 780MPa can be met. However, with the continuous improvement of the strength of the automobile steel plate, the strength of the existing automobile steel plate reaches 980MPa or 1180MPa, the original disc shear blade cannot meet the shearing requirement of the high-strength steel plate or the ultrahigh-strength steel plate, the situation that the cutting edge of the disc shear blade is cracked frequently occurs in a short time, a large amount of loss of the disc shear blade is caused, the production quality and the production efficiency of the automobile steel plate are seriously affected, most of the cracked openings of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade can be repaired only by a mode of removing the cracked openings through grinding, the service life of the disc shear blade is directly shortened, and the production cost is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for repairing and PVD surface strengthening of a cutting edge of a disc shear blade, which overcomes the defects of the traditional disc shear blade edge repair, adopts laser cladding and PVD surface strengthening technologies to realize the edge repair and strengthening, greatly improves the shearing performance of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade, prolongs the service life, reduces the production cost, and ensures the production quality and efficiency of high-strength steel and ultrahigh-strength steel automobile steel plates.
In order to solve the technical problem, the method for repairing the cutting edge of the disc shear blade comprises the following steps:
firstly, machining the cutting edge of the disc shear blade, and grinding the plane and the excircle part of the damaged disc shear blade to ensure that the damaged part of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade is completely removed;
repairing the ground part of the disc shear blade by adopting a laser cladding technology, wherein the laser cladding material adopts WC-Co powder, and a laser cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with the disc shear blade body is formed on the excircle of the disc shear blade;
performing dye check treatment on the laser cladding layer to ensure that no cracks and air hole defects exist;
and step four, machining the laser cladding layer to form a cutting edge of the disc shear blade and finish repairing the cutting edge of the disc shear blade.
Further, the laser cladding material is WC-Co12 powder with the powder granularity of 150-250 meshes, and the laser cladding technological parameters are that the laser power is 2500-3000 watts, the laser spot is 5-6 mm, the powder feeding speed is 5-10 g/min, and the lap joint rate is 40-60%.
Further, the outer circle part of the disc shear blade in the first step is ground by 1-2 mm in a single side mode.
Furthermore, in the second step, the thickness of the laser cladding layer is reserved with a machining allowance of 0.5 mm.
The PVD surface strengthening method for the cutting edge of the disc shear blade based on the repairing method comprises the following steps:
cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using cleaning fluid, performing air drying pretreatment by using a dryer after cleaning, polishing and sand blasting the plane and the cutting edge of the disc shear blade after air drying, and cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using the cleaning fluid again after treatment;
placing the disc shear blade in a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing to 5-11 Pa, heating at the same time, controlling the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 300-350 ℃, introducing argon and nitrogen into the vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and performing ion plating by adopting a Ti target to obtain a carbide inner coating;
controlling the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 400-450 ℃, introducing argon and nitrogen into a vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and performing sputtering coating by adopting a Ti target to obtain a nitride second coating;
controlling the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 480-520 ℃, introducing acetylene into a vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and performing ion plating by adopting a Ti target to obtain an oxide protective coating;
And step five, cooling treatment, namely cooling the disc shear blade under vacuum after the coating process is finished, wherein the temperature is reduced to below 160 ℃, and the cooling time is 2 hours.
Further, in the first step, the sandblasting raw material is carborundum, and the type of the cleaning liquid is WP-751.
Further, the thickness of the carbide inner coating is 0.2-0.4 μm, the thickness of the nitride second coating is 0.1-0.2 μm, and the thickness of the oxide protective coating is 0.4-1 μm.
Further, in the second step, the bias voltage is 300-500V, the flow rate of introducing argon is 20-40 sccm, the flow rate of introducing nitrogen is 10-30 sccm, and the carbide in the carbide inner coating is TiC or TiCN.
Further, in the third step, the bias voltage is 200-300V, the flow of introducing argon is 10-30 sccm, the flow of introducing nitrogen is 50-60 sccm, and the nitride in the second coating is TiN and/or TiAlN.
Further, in the fourth step, the bias voltage is 80-200V, the flow rate of the introduced acetylene is 35-50 sccm, and the oxide in the protective coating is TiO.
The method for repairing the cutting edge of the disc shear blade and strengthening the PVD surface adopts the technical scheme, namely the repairing method grinds the plane and the excircle of the damaged disc shear blade, the laser cladding technology is adopted to repair the ground part of the disc shear blade to obtain the laser cladding layer metallurgically combined with the body of the disc shear blade, and the laser cladding layer is subjected to flaw detection and machining to complete the repair of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade. The strengthening method is to pretreat the blade edge, place the disc shear blade in a vacuum furnace, and form a carbide inner coating, a nitride second coating and an oxide protective coating in turn by a specific process, and finish the strengthening treatment of the blade edge surface after cooling treatment. The method overcomes the defect of repairing the cutting edge of the traditional disc shear blade, adopts the laser cladding and PVD surface strengthening technology to realize the repair and strengthening of the cutting edge, greatly improves the shearing performance of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade, prolongs the service life, reduces the production cost, and ensures the production quality and efficiency of high-strength or ultrahigh-strength automobile steel plates.
Detailed Description
The repairing method for the cutting edge of the disc shear blade comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a cutting edge of a disc shear blade is machined, and the plane and the excircle of the damaged disc shear blade are ground, so that the damaged part of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade is completely removed;
repairing the ground part of the disc shear blade by adopting a laser cladding technology, wherein the laser cladding material adopts WC-Co powder, and a laser cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with the disc shear blade body is formed on the excircle of the disc shear blade;
performing dye check treatment on the laser cladding layer to ensure that no cracks and air hole defects exist;
and step four, machining the laser cladding layer to form a cutting edge of the disc shear blade and finish repairing the cutting edge of the disc shear blade.
Preferably, the laser cladding material is WC-Co12 powder with the powder granularity of 150-250 meshes, and the laser cladding technological parameters are that the laser power is 2500-3000W, the laser spot is 5-6 mm, the powder feeding speed is 5-10 g/min, and the lap joint rate is 40-60%.
Preferably, the single-side grinding of the excircle part of the disc shear blade in the first step is 1-2 mm.
Preferably, in the second step, a machining allowance of 0.5mm is left in the thickness of the laser cladding layer.
The PVD surface strengthening method for the cutting edge of the disc shear blade based on the repairing method comprises the following steps:
cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using cleaning fluid, performing air drying pretreatment by using a dryer after cleaning, polishing and sand blasting the plane and the cutting edge of the disc shear blade after air drying, and cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using the cleaning fluid again after treatment;
placing the disc shear blade in a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing to 5-11 Pa, heating at the same time, controlling the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 300-350 ℃, introducing argon and nitrogen into the vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and performing ion plating by adopting a Ti target to obtain a carbide inner coating;
controlling the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 400-450 ℃, introducing argon and nitrogen into a vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and performing sputtering coating by adopting a Ti target to obtain a nitride second coating;
controlling the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 480-520 ℃, introducing acetylene into a vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and performing ion plating by adopting a Ti target to obtain an oxide protective coating;
And step five, cooling treatment, namely cooling the disc shear blade under vacuum after the coating process is finished, wherein the temperature is reduced to below 160 ℃, and the cooling time is 2 hours.
Preferably, in the first step, the sandblasting raw material is carborundum, and the type of the cleaning liquid is WP-751.
Preferably, the thickness of the carbide inner coating is 0.2-0.4 μm, the thickness of the nitride second coating is 0.1-0.2 μm, and the thickness of the oxide protective coating is 0.4-1 μm.
Further, in the second step, the bias voltage is 300-500V, the flow of introducing argon is 20-40 sccm, the flow of introducing nitrogen is 10-30 sccm, and the carbide in the carbide inner coating is TiC or TiCN.
Preferably, in the third step, the bias voltage is 200-300V, the flow of the introduced argon is 10-30 sccm, the flow of the introduced nitrogen is 50-60 sccm, and the nitride in the second coating is TiN and/or TiAlN.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the bias voltage is 80-200V, the flow rate of the introduced acetylene is 35-50 sccm, and the oxide in the protective coating is TiO.
The PVD surface strengthening method specifically comprises the following embodiments:
example 1
S1, cutting edge treatment of the disc shear blade: cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using cleaning fluid, performing air drying pretreatment by using a dryer after cleaning, polishing and sand blasting the cutting edge of the disc shear blade after air drying, and cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using cleaning fluid again after treatment;
S2, inner coating film plating: placing the disc shear blade treated in the step S1 in a vacuum furnace by adopting a carbide coating and a Ti target, vacuumizing to be lower than 5Pa, heating the disc shear blade to control the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 300 ℃, introducing argon and nitrogen into the vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and carrying out ion plating to obtain an inner coating, wherein the thickness of the inner coating is 0.2 mu m, the bias voltage is 300V, the flow of the introduced argon is 20sccm, the flow of the introduced nitrogen is 10sccm, and the carbide coating is TiC and TiCN;
s3, coating a second coating: the second coating is a nitride coating, a Ti target is adopted, after the coating in the step S2 is finished, the surface temperature of the disc shear blade is controlled at 400 ℃, argon and nitrogen can be introduced into the vacuum furnace, the bias voltage and the ion source are opened, sputtering coating is carried out, and the second coating is obtained, wherein the thickness of the second coating is 0.1 micrometer, the bias voltage is 200V, the flow of the introduced argon is 10sccm, the flow of the introduced nitrogen is 50sccm, and the nitride coating is a TiN and TiAlN multi-element coating;
s4, coating a protective coating: the protective coating is an oxide coating, a Ti target is adopted, after the second coating of the step S3 is coated, the surface temperature of the disc shear blade is controlled at 480 ℃, acetylene can be introduced into the vacuum furnace, the bias voltage and the ion source are turned on, ion coating is carried out, the protective coating is obtained, the thickness of the protective coating is 0.4 mu m, the bias voltage is 80V, the flow of the introduced acetylene is 35sccm, and the oxide coating is TiO;
S5, cooling treatment: after the coating process is finished, the disc shear blade is cooled under vacuum, the temperature is reduced to below 160 ℃, and the cooling time is 2 hours.
Example 2
S1, cutting edge treatment of the disc shear blade: cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using cleaning fluid, performing air drying pretreatment by using a dryer after cleaning, polishing and sand blasting the cutting edge of the disc shear blade after air drying, and cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using cleaning fluid again after treatment;
s2, inner coating film plating: placing the disc shear blade treated in the step S1 in a vacuum furnace by adopting a carbide coating and a Ti target, vacuumizing to be lower than 8Pa, heating the disc shear blade at the same time to control the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 300-350 ℃, introducing argon and nitrogen into the vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and carrying out ion coating to obtain an inner coating, wherein the thickness of the inner coating is 0.3 mu m, the bias voltage is 400V, the flow of the introduced argon is 30sccm, the flow of the introduced nitrogen is 20sccm, and the carbide coating is TiC and TiCN;
s3, coating a second coating: the second coating is a nitride coating, a Ti target is adopted, after the coating in the step S2 is finished, the surface temperature of the disc shear blade is controlled at 420 ℃, argon and nitrogen can be introduced into the vacuum furnace, the bias voltage and the ion source are opened, sputtering coating is carried out, the second coating is obtained, the thickness of the second coating is 0.15 mu m, the bias voltage is 250V, the flow of introduced argon is 20sccm, the flow of introduced nitrogen is 55sccm, and the nitride coating is a TiN and TiAlN multi-element coating;
S4, coating a protective coating: the protective coating is an oxide coating, a Ti target is adopted, after the second coating of the step S3 is coated, the surface temperature of the disc shear blade is controlled at 500 ℃, acetylene can be introduced into the vacuum furnace, the bias voltage and the ion source are turned on, and ion coating is carried out, so that the protective coating is obtained, the thickness of the protective coating is 0.7 mu m, the bias voltage is 140V, the flow of the introduced acetylene is 43sccm, and the oxide coating is TiO;
s5, cooling treatment: after the coating process is finished, the disc shear blade is cooled under vacuum, the temperature is reduced to below 160 ℃, and the cooling time is 2 hours.
Example 3
S1, cutting edge treatment of the disc shear blade: cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using cleaning fluid, performing air drying pretreatment by using a dryer after cleaning, polishing and sand blasting the cutting edge of the disc shear blade after air drying, and cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using cleaning fluid again after treatment;
s2, inner coating film plating: placing the disc shear blade treated in the step S1 in a vacuum furnace by adopting a carbide coating and a Ti target, vacuumizing to be lower than 11Pa, heating the disc shear blade at the same time to control the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 300-350 ℃, introducing argon and nitrogen into the vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and carrying out ion coating to obtain an inner coating, wherein the thickness of the inner coating is 0.4 mu m, the bias voltage is 500V, the flow of the introduced argon is 40sccm, the flow of the introduced nitrogen is 30sccm, and the carbide coating is TiC and TiCN;
S3, coating a second coating: the second coating is a nitride coating, a Ti target is adopted, after the coating in the step S2 is finished, the surface temperature of the disc shear blade is controlled at 450 ℃, argon and nitrogen can be introduced into the vacuum furnace, the bias voltage and the ion source are opened, sputtering coating is carried out, the second coating is obtained, the thickness of the second coating is 0.2 mu m, the bias voltage is 300V, the flow of introduced argon is 30sccm, the flow of introduced nitrogen is 60sccm, and the nitride coating is a TiN and TiAlN multi-element coating;
s4, coating a protective coating: the protective coating is an oxide coating, a Ti target is adopted, after the second coating of the step S3 is coated, the surface temperature of the disc shear blade is controlled at 520 ℃, acetylene can be introduced into the vacuum furnace, the bias voltage and the ion source are turned on, ion coating is carried out, the protective coating is obtained, the thickness of the protective coating is 1 mu m, the bias voltage is 80-200V, the flow of the introduced acetylene is 50sccm, and the oxide coating is TiO;
s5, cooling treatment: after the coating process is finished, the disc shear blade is cooled under vacuum, the temperature is reduced to below 160 ℃, and the cooling time is 2 hours.
Comparative experiment
Table 1 shows the performance data of the cutting edges of the disc shear blades of example 1, example 2 and example 3 repaired by the laser cladding technique and the conventional process, and table 2 shows the performance data of the cutting edges of the disc shear blades of example 1, example 2 and example 3 and the conventional process after the PVD surface strengthening treatment.
Table 1:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Original disc shear blade cutting edge | |
| Hardness HV | 800 | 900 | 1000 | 680 |
| Heat resistance temperature C | 800 | 850 | 900 | 400 |
| Coefficient of friction | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
Table 2:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Common disc shear blade edge | |
| Hardness HV | 3300 | 3400 | 3500 | 680 |
| Heat resistance temperature C | 800 | 850 | 900 | 400 |
| Coefficient of friction | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.25 | 0.8 |
As can be seen from the above comparison, the cutting edge of the disc shear blade produced in example 3 has the best properties of wear resistance, high temperature resistance and self-lubrication.
Aiming at the disc shear blade with large loss at present, the method adopts the laser cladding technology to repair the cutting edge of the disc shear blade and carry out PVD reinforcement on the repaired cutting edge of the disc shear blade. Through the improvements, the service life of the disc shear blade is prolonged to more than 400 tons from 100 tons of the conventional blade when a 1180MPa high-strength steel plate is sheared, and the service life is more than or equal to 2 times.
The laser cladding repair technology is characterized in that by utilizing the high-energy characteristic of laser beams, alloy powder materials are melted and added to the surface of a part to form a laser cladding layer, and the laser cladding layer has special performance and forms metallurgical bonding with a part substrate.
PVD (physical Vapor deposition) refers to a process of transferring atoms or molecules from a source to the surface of a substrate by utilizing a physical process, and has the function of spraying particles with special properties (high strength, wear resistance, heat dissipation, corrosion resistance and the like) on a matrix with lower properties to ensure that the matrix has better properties, so that the PVD is applied to the cutting edge of the disc shear blade to obviously improve the properties of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade. The method adopts the PVD process to plate the cutting edge of the disc shear blade with three layers of coating, greatly improves the hardness of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade on the premise of ensuring the ultrathin coating, ensures that the cutting edge of the disc shear blade has good wear resistance, is durable in use, has good high temperature resistance, low friction coefficient during shearing, has good self-lubricating property, can well shear a workpiece, is simple and easy in processing process, has no pollution in the processing process, zero emission and convenient popularization, and is particularly suitable for shearing high-strength or ultrahigh-strength automobile steel plates.
Claims (10)
1. A method for repairing the cutting edge of a disc shear blade is characterized by comprising the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps that firstly, a cutting edge of a disc shear blade is machined, and the plane and the excircle of the damaged disc shear blade are ground, so that the damaged part of the cutting edge of the disc shear blade is completely removed;
repairing the ground part of the disc shear blade by adopting a laser cladding technology, wherein the laser cladding material adopts WC-Co powder, and a laser cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with the disc shear blade body is formed on the excircle of the disc shear blade;
performing dye check treatment on the laser cladding layer to ensure that no cracks and air hole defects exist;
and step four, machining the laser cladding layer to form a cutting edge of the disc shear blade and finish repairing the cutting edge of the disc shear blade.
2. A method of repairing a cutting edge of a disc shear blade according to claim 1, wherein: the laser cladding material is WC-Co12 powder with the powder granularity of 150-250 meshes, and the laser cladding technological parameters are that the laser power is 2500-3000W, the laser spot is 5-6 mm, the powder feeding rate is 5-10 g/min, and the lap joint rate is 40-60%.
3. A method of repairing a cutting edge of a disc shear blade according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step I, the outer circle part of the disc shear blade is ground by 1-2 mm in a single side mode.
4. A method of repairing a cutting edge of a disc shear blade according to claim 1, wherein: and in the second step, the thickness of the laser cladding layer is reserved with a machining allowance of 0.5 mm.
5. A PVD surface strengthening method for a cutting edge of a disc shear blade based on the repairing method of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using a cleaning solution, performing air drying pretreatment by using a dryer after cleaning, polishing and sand blasting the plane and the cutting edge of the disc shear blade after air drying, and cleaning the cutting edge of the disc shear blade by using the cleaning solution again after treatment;
placing the disc shear blade in a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing to 5-11 Pa, heating at the same time, controlling the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 300-350 ℃, introducing argon and nitrogen into the vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and performing ion plating by adopting a Ti target to obtain a carbide inner coating;
controlling the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 400-450 ℃, introducing argon and nitrogen into a vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and performing sputtering coating by adopting a Ti target to obtain a nitride second coating;
Controlling the surface temperature of the disc shear blade to be 480-520 ℃, introducing acetylene into a vacuum furnace, opening a bias voltage and an ion source, and performing ion plating by adopting a Ti target to obtain an oxide protective coating;
and step five, cooling treatment, namely cooling the disc shear blade under vacuum after the coating process is finished, wherein the temperature is reduced to below 160 ℃, and the cooling time is 2 hours.
6. A PVD surface strengthening method for a cutting edge of a disc shear blade according to claim 5, wherein the PVD surface strengthening method comprises: in the first step, the sandblasting raw material is carborundum, and the model of the cleaning liquid is WP-751.
7. A PVD surface strengthening method for a disk shear blade edge according to claim 5, wherein: the thickness of the carbide inner coating is 0.2-0.4 mu m, the thickness of the nitride second coating is 0.1-0.2 mu m, and the thickness of the oxide protective coating is 0.4-1 mu m.
8. A PVD surface strengthening method for a disk shear blade edge according to claim 5, wherein: and in the second step, the bias voltage is 300-500V, the flow of introduced argon is 20-40 sccm, the flow of introduced nitrogen is 10-30 sccm, and carbide in the carbide inner coating is TiC or TiCN.
9. A PVD surface strengthening method for a disk shear blade edge according to claim 5, wherein: in the third step, the bias voltage is 200-300V, the flow of the introduced argon is 10-30 sccm, the flow of the introduced nitrogen is 50-60 sccm, and the nitride in the second coating is TiN and/or TiAlN.
10. A PVD surface strengthening method for a cutting edge of a disc shear blade according to claim 5, wherein the PVD surface strengthening method comprises: in the fourth step, the bias voltage is 80-200V, the flow rate of the introduced acetylene is 35-50 sccm, and the oxide in the protective coating is TiO.
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| CN115572974A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-01-06 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所 | Composite coating and preparation method thereof |
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