CN114540713A - Production method of Q235KZ anti-seismic section steel - Google Patents
Production method of Q235KZ anti-seismic section steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of Q235KZ anti-seismic section steel, which has the following component control requirements: c: 0.11 to 0.18 percent of Si, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.50 to 0.65 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of carbon equivalent CEV and 0.15 to 0.24 percent of welding crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm; controlling the end point carbon of the converter to be 0.04-0.08%; adding an aluminum-manganese-iron alloy into the converter before tapping of the converter: 1.5-2.0 kg/t, adopting slag stopping and tapping, wherein the thickness of a ladle slag layer is less than or equal to 100 mm; adding a molten steel deoxidizer after molten steel appears during tapping: component CaC255-75%, CaO 15-25%, CaF: 5-10%, content: 1.0-1.5 kg/t, 10kg of the additive in each batch, and 5 seconds of the addition interval; adding a silicon-manganese alloy: 7.5-9.5kg/t, adding aluminum manganese iron according to the end point condition: 1.5-2.5 kg/t for final deoxidation, and finally adding a silicon-calcium alloy: 0.5-1.5 kg/t, wherein all the alloys need to be added when the steel is tapped at 1/3 and are added when the steel is tapped at 3/4; continuous casting is carried out after argon blowing, and the tapping temperature is heated during rolling: 1180 +/-30 ℃, the initial rolling temperature is 1150 +/-30 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is as follows: 920 +/-20 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel production and manufacturing, and relates to a production method of Q235KZ anti-seismic section steel.
Background
With the development of urban construction, high-rise, super high-rise and large-span steel structure buildings are a development trend, so that higher performance requirements are provided for construction steel, and in addition to improving the strength grade of steel, special requirements such as earthquake resistance, fire resistance and weather resistance are provided. The common Q235-grade hot rolled section steel cannot meet the development requirement of steel structure buildings. In the aspect of steel for high-rise building design, the use of anti-seismic steel is also increasingly emphasized. The anti-seismic section steel is very effective for improving the building safety in a building steel structure, and particularly protecting the life and property safety of residents when an earthquake occurs. The earthquake resistance of the building is firstly reflected on the yield ratio, the yield ratio is the ratio of the tensile strength to the yield strength of the steel, and the size of the yield ratio reflects the capability of not generating strain concentration when the steel is plastically deformed. The plastic deformation of the beam-column structural system made of the high-strength-yield-ratio steel can be uniformly distributed in a wider range under the action of earthquake force, so that the capability of reducing the overall plastic deformation of the steel due to strain concentration is avoided. And the material with low yield ratio may have strain concentration, so that the whole plastic deformation capacity of the steel is reduced, and the brittle failure of the structure is caused. Thus, the design requires that the diffusion length of the steel member plastic strain zone be greater than the height of the beam. The higher the yield ratio of the steel, the higher the uniform elongation, i.e., the ability to produce stable plastic deformation before the material is damaged, and the sudden collapse will not occur even if the structure is locally overloaded and destabilized. The elongation is also an important index of the shock resistance of the section steel, and the higher the elongation is, the better the ductility of the building material is, the more favorable the energy consumption of the structure is, and the collapse of the structure in strong earthquake is reduced. The anti-seismic section steel has good weldability besides shock resistance.
The weldability of steel is generally measured by carbon equivalent, and the main factor influencing the weldability of the material is the composition of the material, wherein the influence of C, Mn is the largest, and the lower the carbon equivalent, the better the weldability is relatively, so the weldability requirement must be considered in the design of the material composition. In the usual case. The carbon element has a large influence on the mechanical property, and the carbon content cannot be too low from the viewpoint that the mechanical property can be remarkably improved, so that the proper carbon content needs to be selected to achieve balance between the mechanical property and the welding property.
The chemical components of the section steel GB/T28414-2012 standard for the earthquake-proof structure are shown in Table 1 in the specification of Q235 KZ.
Cu is less than or equal to 0.60 percent, Ni is less than or equal to 0.45 percent, Cr is less than or equal to 0.35 percent, and Mo is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the mechanical property requirement is as follows: the yield strength is 235-355 MPa, the tensile strength is 400-510 MPa, the yield ratio is more than or equal to 1.25, and the elongation after fracture is more than or equal to 21%. Among the many factors that affect the performance of a material, the chemical composition plays a major role. Different elements and their contents, combinations with other elements, etc. determine the basic properties of the material. From the chemical composition, the national standard GB/T28414-2012 for the structural steel for the earthquake-resistant structure only specifies the upper limit value and does not specify the lower limit except Mn, but in practical application, the lower limit must be controlled, otherwise, the performance requirement is difficult to meet.
Some metallurgical enterprises in China produce anti-seismic section steel, but the information about Q235KZ anti-seismic section steel is few, and only the study that Song Sha Dong et al published a paper in "Bao Steel science and technology" 2018, No. 1, that the anti-seismic hot-rolled H-shaped steel is produced by low-carbon micro-alloying "is consulted, and the process flow for producing the Q235KZ anti-seismic section steel by low-carbon micro-alloying is introduced: molten iron → molten iron pretreatment → converter → LF refining → beam blank continuous casting → heating furnace → BD bloom → CCS finish rolling → cold bed → straightening → saw cutting → inspection qualified warehouse entry. The finished product has the content of C less than or equal to 0.10 percent, the content of Si less than or equal to 0.24 percent, the content of Mn less than or equal to 1.30 percent, the content of P less than or equal to 0.035 percent, the content of S less than or equal to 0.035 percent and the content of V less than or equal to 0.07 percent. The temperature of the soaking section of the Q235KZ is set to be 1220-1290 ℃, and the performance of the finished product is stable. The paper adopts a vanadium microalloying process to produce the anti-seismic section steel, only the elements such as C, Si, Mn, V and the like are specified to have upper limit values, and the lower limit is not specified, and the vanadium microalloying process is also adopted, so that the cost is higher for the Q235-grade anti-seismic section steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of Q235KZ shock-resistant section steel, which adopts a process route of converter smelting → ladle argon blowing → billet continuous casting (ladle open casting) → universal rolling mill rolling without adopting a vanadium microalloying process and an LF refining process, so that the Q235KZ shock-resistant section steel is produced, and the cost can be greatly reduced.
The influence of carbon on the mechanical property is far higher than that of silicon and manganese, the effect of the carbon is fully exerted, the carbon content is controlled according to the upper limit of the middle limit, and the mechanical property of the anti-seismic section steel is ensured; meanwhile, the silicon element is controlled to be low, and the manganese element is controlled to be low, so that the carbon equivalent CEV and the welding crack sensitivity coefficient are reduced as much as possible, and the aims of improving the welding performance of the anti-seismic section steel and reducing the welding crack sensitivity are fulfilled.
Because the carbon and silicon contents of the designed section steel are lower, the control is slightly improper, and the bubble defect or the nodulation accident is easy to generate in the continuous casting blank.
The main measures of the invention are as follows: a production method of Q235KZ anti-seismic section steel, 1) and composition design: according to the requirements of GB/T28414-2012 structural steel standards for earthquake-resistant structures, carbon equivalent CEV is less than or equal to 0.35 percent and welding crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm is less than or equal to 0.26 percent, the chemical components of Q235KZ are determined according to the mass percentage content, and the component control requirements are as follows: c: 0.11 to 0.18 percent of Si, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.50 to 0.65 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, and,0.20-0.30% of carbon equivalent CEV and 0.15-0.24% of welding crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm; the balance of iron and impurities; 2) and steel making control requirements: (1) controlling the end point carbon of the converter to be 0.04-0.08%; (2) adding an aluminum-manganese-iron alloy into the converter before tapping of the converter: 1.5-2.0 kg/t, pre-deoxidizing; (3) slag stopping and tapping are adopted, and slag discharging at a furnace mouth and a tapping hole is strictly forbidden; the thickness of the ladle slag layer is less than or equal to 100 mm; (4) adding a molten steel deoxidizer after molten steel appears during tapping: component CaC255-75%, CaO 15-25%, CaF: 5-10%, content: 1.0-1.5 kg/t, controlling the adding amount of each batch to be 10kg, and adding the time interval to be 5 seconds; adding a silicon-manganese alloy: 7.5-9.5kg/t, adding aluminum manganese iron according to the end point condition: and (3) carrying out final deoxidation at 1.5-2.5 kg/t, and finally adding a silicon-calcium alloy: 0.5-1.5 kg/t, wherein all the alloys need to be added when the steel is tapped at 1/3 and are added when the steel is tapped at 3/4; (5) immediately executing oxygen determination operation after the molten steel reaches the argon blowing station, and 3 furnaces of molten steel [ O ] before starting]Less than or equal to 40ppm, and continuously casting after argon blowing; secondary molten steel of subsequent continuous casting furnace [ O ]]Less than or equal to 50ppm, continuously casting after blowing argon, such as molten steel [ O ]]More than 50ppm, adopting aluminum manganese iron: the silicon-calcium-barium alloy is prepared according to the following steps of 1: 1, deoxidizing again at the addition of 0.5-1.5 kg/t, continuously casting after argon blowing, and keeping the argon blowing soft blowing time to be more than 3.5 min; (6) the superheat degree of molten steel of a tundish of a continuous casting heat is 10-30 ℃; (7) the normal drawing speed of continuous casting is respectively as follows: 1.4-1.7 m/min, and a cross section of 165 x 225mm2(ii) a 2.4-3.0 m/min, cross section 150X 150mm2(ii) a 3) And rolling requirements: the rolling temperature control requirement is as follows: heating tapping temperature: 1180 +/-30 ℃, the initial rolling temperature is 1150 +/-30 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is as follows: 920 plus or minus 20 ℃; in order to ensure the balance of the internal and external temperatures of the continuous casting billets, the in-furnace time of the continuous casting billets with different sections is as follows: 3.2 hours, section 165X 225mm2(ii) a 1.4 hours, 150X 150mm cross section2。
The method of the invention adds the aluminum-manganese-iron into the converter for pre-deoxidation before tapping of the converter, and can play two roles: firstly, the oxygen property of the steel slag in the converter can be reduced, and the increase of the oxygen content of the molten steel caused by slag falling in the tapping process of the converter is avoided; on the other hand, pre-deoxidation may be carried out in the furnace, and the oxides produced are removed by adsorption with the aid of the converter high-basicity slag. Molten steel deoxidizer is added in the tapping process, so that the deoxidizer can be used in the early stage of tappingPre-deoxidation effect. The aluminum has stronger deoxidizing capacity, and after the silicon-manganese alloy and other alloys are added, the aluminum-manganese-iron alloy is added for deep deoxidation, so that the aim of complete deoxidation is fulfilled. Because the silicon-calcium alloy has higher Ca content than the silicon-calcium-barium alloy, the silicon-calcium alloy can be added at the end of the later tapping period to play a role similar to calcium line feeding, calcium treatment is carried out, and Al generated by deoxidizing ferro-aluminum is generated2O3The mixture is denatured into liquid inclusions (12CaO 7 Al) with low melting point2O3) Thereby preventing the nozzle from being blocked. The casting blank is ensured not to generate bubble defect, and continuous casting nodulation accidents are prevented.
Effect verification:
the steel converter has the following production chemical components: the content range of C is 0.12-0.18%, the content range of Si is 0.07-0.15%, and the content range of Mn is 0.50-0.62%; CEV range is 0.23-0.29%, Pcm range is 0.16-0.23%, and CEV and Pcm meet the requirements. See table 2.
16, 18 and 20H-shaped steel is rolled, the yield strength is 280-335MPa, the tensile strength is 425-490MPa, the yield ratio is as follows: 1.40-1.55 percent, elongation after fracture of 30-41 percent and mechanical properties meeting the national standard requirements are shown in Table 3.
According to the method, the Q235KZ shock-resistant section steel with low production cost is produced by adopting a process route of converter → ladle argon blowing → continuous casting without adopting a microalloying process, and the performance of the shock-resistant section steel completely meets the requirements of national standards.
Detailed Description
A production method of Q235KZ anti-seismic section steel comprises the following steps of 1, component design:
according to the requirements of GB/T28414-2012 structural steel standards for earthquake-resistant structures, carbon equivalent CEV is less than or equal to 0.35 percent and welding crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm is less than or equal to 0.26 percent, the chemical components of Q235KZ are determined according to the mass percentage content, and the component control requirements are as follows: c: 0.11 to 0.18 percent of Si, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.50 to 0.65 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of carbon equivalent CEV and 0.15 to 0.24 percent of welding crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm; the balance of iron and impurities.
2, steel-making control requirements:
(1) controlling the carbon content at the end point of the converter to be 0.04-0.08%.
(2) Adding an aluminum-manganese-iron alloy into the converter before tapping of the converter: 1.5-2.0 kg/t, pre-deoxidizing.
(3) Slag stopping and tapping are adopted, and slag discharging at a furnace mouth and a tapping hole is strictly forbidden; the thickness of the ladle slag layer is less than or equal to 100 mm.
(4) Adding molten steel deoxidizer (CaC) after molten steel appears during tapping2: 55-75%, CaO 15-25%, CaF: 5-10%): 1.0-1.5 kg/t, controlling the adding amount of each batch to be 10kg, and adding the time interval to be 5 seconds; adding a silicon-manganese alloy: 7.5-9.5kg/t, adding aluminum manganese iron according to the end point condition: final deoxidation is carried out at 1.5-2.5 kg/t.
Finally, adding a silicon-calcium alloy: 0.5-1.5 kg/t, and all the alloys need to be added when the steel is tapped 1/3 and added when the steel is tapped 3/4.
(5) Immediately executing oxygen determination operation after the molten steel reaches an argon blowing station, wherein [ O ] of molten steel of 3 furnaces is less than or equal to 40ppm before starting up, and continuously casting after argon blowing; the molten steel (O) of the subsequent continuous casting furnace is less than or equal to 50ppm, and continuous casting is carried out after argon blowing. If the [ O ] of the molten steel is more than 50ppm, adopting aluminum manganese iron and silicon calcium barium alloy (according to the proportion of 1: 1): and (3) deoxidizing again at 0.5-1.5 kg/t, and continuously casting after argon blowing. The argon blowing (soft blowing) time is more than 3.5 min.
(6) The superheat degree of the molten steel of the tundish of the continuous casting heat is 10-30 ℃.
(7) The normal drawing speed of continuous casting is respectively as follows: 1.4 to 1.7 m/min (section 165X 225 mm)2) 2.4 to 3.0m/min (cross section 150X 150 mm)2）。
3. The rolling requirement is as follows: the rolling temperature control requirement is as follows: heating tapping temperature: 1180 +/-30 ℃, the initial rolling temperature is 1150 +/-30 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is as follows: 920 +/-20 ℃.
In order to ensure the balance of the internal and external temperatures of the continuous casting billets, the in-furnace time of the continuous casting billets with different sections is as follows: 3.2 hours (section 165X 225 mm)2) 1.4 hours (cross section 150X 150 mm)2）。
Claims (1)
1. A production method of Q235KZ anti-seismic section steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of 1) component design: according to the requirements of GB/T28414-2012 structural steel standards for earthquake-resistant structures, carbon equivalent CEV is less than or equal to 0.35 percent and welding crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm is less than or equal to 0.26 percent, the chemical components of Q235KZ are determined according to the mass percentage content, and the component control requirements are as follows: c: 0.11 to 0.18 percent of Si, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.50 to 0.65 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of carbon equivalent CEV and 0.15 to 0.24 percent of welding crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm; the balance of iron and impurities; 2) and steel making control requirements: (1) controlling the end point carbon of the converter to be 0.04-0.08%; (2) adding an aluminum-manganese-iron alloy into the converter before tapping of the converter: 1.5-2.0 kg/t, pre-deoxidizing; (3) slag stopping and tapping are adopted, and slag discharging at a furnace mouth and a tapping hole is strictly forbidden; the thickness of the ladle slag layer is less than or equal to 100 mm; (4) adding a molten steel deoxidizer after molten steel appears during tapping: component CaC255-75%, CaO 15-25%, CaF: 5-10%, content: 1.0-1.5 kg/t, controlling the adding amount of each batch to be 10kg, and adding the time interval to be 5 seconds; adding a silicon-manganese alloy: 7.5-9.5kg/t, adding aluminum manganese iron according to the end point condition: and (3) carrying out final deoxidation at 1.5-2.5 kg/t, and finally adding a silicon-calcium alloy: 0.5-1.5 kg/t, wherein all the alloys need to be added when 1/3 steel is tapped and are added when 3/4 steel is tapped; (5) immediately executing oxygen determination operation after the molten steel reaches the argon blowing station, and 3 furnaces of molten steel [ O ] before starting]Less than or equal to 40ppm, and continuously casting after argon blowing; secondary molten steel (O) for subsequent continuous casting]Less than or equal to 50ppm, continuously casting after blowing argon, such as molten steel [ O ]]More than 50ppm, adopting aluminum manganese iron: the silicon-calcium-barium alloy is prepared according to the following steps of 1: 1, deoxidizing again at the addition of 0.5-1.5 kg/t, continuously casting after argon blowing, and keeping the argon blowing soft blowing time to be more than 3.5 min; (6) the superheat degree of molten steel of a tundish of a continuous casting heat is 10-30 ℃; (7) the normal drawing speed of continuous casting is respectively as follows: 1.4-1.7 m/min, and a cross section of 165 x 225mm2(ii) a 2.4-3.0 m/min, cross section 150X 150mm2(ii) a 3) And rolling requirements: the rolling temperature control requirement is as follows: heating tapping temperature: 1180 +/-30 ℃, the initial rolling temperature is 1150 +/-30 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is as follows: 920 plus or minus 20 ℃; to ensure the uniform internal and external temperature of the continuous casting billetThe in-furnace time of the section continuous casting billet is as follows: 3.2 hours, section 165X 225mm2(ii) a 1.4 hours, cross section 150X 150mm2。
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| CN115323269A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-11 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for controlling cracks of Q235 round steel under high drawing speed condition |
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| CN115323269A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-11 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for controlling cracks of Q235 round steel under high drawing speed condition |
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