CN114540095A - Organic solid waste fuel upgrading device and method - Google Patents
Organic solid waste fuel upgrading device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114540095A CN114540095A CN202210286736.4A CN202210286736A CN114540095A CN 114540095 A CN114540095 A CN 114540095A CN 202210286736 A CN202210286736 A CN 202210286736A CN 114540095 A CN114540095 A CN 114540095A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
- F23L17/02—Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
- F23L17/14—Draining devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for improving the quality of organic solid waste by fuel, which comprises an improving mechanism and a combustion mechanism, wherein the improving mechanism comprises an improving furnace and an improving bin; the combustion mechanism comprises a combustion furnace, a second air feeder, a fuel bin and a gas burner, an air inlet of the combustion furnace is connected with an outlet of the second air feeder, a combustion inlet of the combustion furnace is connected with an outlet of the fuel bin, an outlet of the gas burner is connected with a gas fuel inlet of the combustion furnace, the input of external energy is not needed by regulating and controlling the ordered oxidation mode of solid wastes, the purpose of improving the quality of waste fuels is achieved, meanwhile, the organic solid wastes are quickly heated in a floating state through porous air distribution in the quality improving furnace, the quality improvement of the organic solid wastes is realized within a few minutes and a short time, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the organic solid wastes can be directly connected with a subsequent fuel heat conversion system in a seamless mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste upgrading, in particular to a device and a method for organic solid waste fuel upgrading.
Background
The organic solid waste refers to organic materials and substances which are produced in production, life and other activities and lose original utilization value or are discarded or abandoned without losing the utilization value, and comprises domestic waste, town sludge, industrial waste, agricultural and forestry waste and the like, and has dual attributes of garbage and resources.
With the rapid development of agriculture, industry and other industries in China, the living standard of people is continuously improved, the production amount of organic solid wastes is continuously increased, and certain influence is caused on the ecological environment. How to reasonably and efficiently utilize organic solid wastes to realize the resource value thereof has become an important issue.
The fuel is an effective way for treating and recycling the organic solid waste, and has multiple advantages of reduction, harmlessness and recycling. However, the organic solid waste has the characteristics of high moisture content and low calorific value, so that the ignition and combustion characteristics are poor, and the organic solid waste is difficult to be directly used as fuel.
Therefore, in order to improve the combustion characteristics of the organic solid waste, a simple and feasible pretreatment method is required to improve the fuel quality of the waste. The invention patent (publication number CN 109370694A) discloses a system and a method for improving quality and modifying straw biomass fuel, crushed biomass straws are respectively added with water, a medicament, dehydrated, dried and the like to improve the fuel quality of the straws, and the method has a complex technical process and needs the processes of adding water and dehydrating, thus leading to high energy consumption of the system. The invention patent (publication No. CN 110257575B) discloses a process for preparing carbide for blast furnace coal injection based on hydrothermal reaction treatment of agricultural and forestry waste, the agricultural and forestry waste is crushed and pulped, then hydrothermally carbonized under high temperature and high pressure, and the reaction product is subjected to liquid-solid separation, dehydration and drying to prepare high-calorific-value biochar. The process also has the disadvantages of complex process and high energy consumption, and requires additional treatment of the liquid product in the process. The invention patent (publication No. CN 101412930B) discloses a high-moisture solid fuel quality-improving reaction device and a process thereof, wherein the core of the process is a fluidized bed reactor which is difficult to treat solid wastes which are difficult to fluidize and have high moisture content. The invention patent (application publication No. CN 103013615A) discloses a device and a method for efficiently drying and upgrading lignite, wherein drying and upgrading of lignite are realized in a hot air rotary kiln, but the contact efficiency of gas and solid in the rotary kiln is low, the upgrading time is long (15-30min), and the axial length of the rotary kiln is very long. And the lignite has been thermally explained at high temperature (700 ℃ C. and 900 ℃ C.) for a long time to release a large amount of reducing gas, and the part of the reducing gas is not utilized.
It is not easy to find that the existing device and method for upgrading organic solid waste fuel have the outstanding problems of complex process, high energy consumption, low efficiency, large device, low applicability and the like, and can not meet the requirement of resource utilization of a large amount of organic solid waste, so that an organic solid waste fuel upgrading device and method are urgently needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for improving the quality of organic solid wastes by using fuel, which have the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption and capability of improving the quality improving efficiency, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an organic solid waste fuel upgrading device, comprising:
the quality improving mechanism comprises a quality improving furnace and a quality improving bin, wherein the quality improving furnace is provided with a solid inlet and a solid outlet, a spiral discharger is arranged in the quality improving furnace and used for conveying the solids in the quality improving furnace to the solid outlet, and the quality improving bin is connected with the solid outlet;
the combustion mechanism comprises a combustion furnace, a second blower, a fuel bin and a gas burner, wherein an air inlet of the combustion furnace is connected with an outlet of the second blower, a combustion inlet of the combustion furnace is connected with an outlet of the fuel bin, and an outlet of the gas burner is connected with a gas fuel inlet of the combustion furnace;
the quality-improving furnace is characterized in that a gas outlet is formed in one end, located at the solid outlet, of the quality-improving furnace, an inlet of a gas burner is connected with the gas outlet of the quality-improving furnace, a plurality of gas inlets are distributed on the periphery of the wall surface of the quality-improving furnace, an outlet of a first blower and an outlet of a circulating fan are respectively connected with the gas inlets through pipelines, and a flue gas outlet bypass of a combustion furnace is connected with the inlet of the circulating fan to form gas circulation.
Preferably, each pipe connected with the air inlet is provided with a valve.
Preferably, a feeding mechanism is further installed at a solid inlet of the upgrading furnace, the feeding mechanism comprises a solid waste bin and a screw feeder, an outlet of the solid waste bin is connected with an inlet of the screw feeder, and an outlet of the screw feeder is connected with a solid inlet of the upgrading furnace.
Preferably, a spiral discharger is arranged between the upgrading furnace and the fuel bin, an inlet of the spiral discharger is connected with a solid outlet of the upgrading furnace, and an outlet of the spiral discharger is connected with an inlet of the upgrading bin.
Preferably, the solids include household waste, municipal sludge, industrial waste, forestry and agricultural waste, and lignite.
A quality improving method of an organic solid waste fuel quality improving device comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a second air feeder, starting a circulating fan, opening a fuel bin, igniting a combustion furnace for heating, feeding high-temperature flue gas of the combustion furnace into a quality-improving furnace through the circulating fan, and heating the quality-improving furnace to a specified temperature;
s2, closing the fuel bunker, feeding the organic solid wastes into the upgrading furnace from the solid inlet, slowly moving the organic solid wastes towards the solid outlet under the action of the spiral pusher, and adjusting the loads of the first air feeder and the circulating fan to heat the organic solid wastes in the upgrading furnace while floating;
s3, feeding reducing gas generated in the quality-improving furnace into a gas burner through a gas outlet of the quality-improving furnace, and feeding solid products into a quality-improving bin through a solid outlet of the quality-improving furnace;
and S4, the reducing gas is completely combusted in the combustion furnace after passing through the gas burner to generate high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas enters the quality-improving furnace again after passing through the circulating fan.
Preferably, in step S2, the organic solid waste is stored in a solid waste bin, and the organic solid waste is fed into the upgrading furnace from the solid inlet by turning on the screw feeder.
Preferably, in step S2, the opening of the valve is adjusted to control the ordered oxidation of the organic solid waste and maintain the temperature of the upgrading furnace.
Preferably, in step S3, the solid products are sent to the spiral discharger through the solid outlet of the upgrading furnace, and the solid products are sent to the upgrading bin through the spiral discharger, so that the organic solid waste is upgraded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through the form of quantitatively introducing the mixture of air and high-temperature flue gas through the opening of the upgrading furnace, the organic solid waste is rapidly heated, and meanwhile, the ordered oxidation regulation and control of the organic waste are realized, wherein the upgrading furnace and the combustion furnace are decoupled, the full utilization of energy is realized, meanwhile, the external energy input is not needed, the fuel quality of the organic solid waste is greatly improved, meanwhile, the solid waste is rapidly heated in a floating state through porous air distribution in the upgrading furnace, the organic solid waste upgrading is realized within a few minutes, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the seamless connection with a subsequent fuel heat conversion system can be directly realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic solid waste fuel upgrading device of the present invention;
reference numbers in the figures: 1. a solid waste bin; 2. a screw feeder; 3. a quality-improving furnace; 4. a screw feeder; 5. a first blower; 6. a circulating fan; 7. a spiral discharger; 8. an upgrading bin; 9. a valve; 10. a combustion furnace; 11. a second blower; 12. a fuel bunker; 13. a gas burner.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1, an organic solid waste fuel upgrading device is as follows:
referring to FIG. 1, the upgrading mechanism comprises an upgrading furnace 3 and an upgrading bin 8, a solid inlet and a solid outlet are formed in the upgrading furnace 3, a spiral discharger 7 is installed in the upgrading furnace 3 and used for conveying solids in the upgrading furnace 3 to the solid outlet, and the upgrading bin 8 is connected with the solid outlet;
referring to fig. 1, each pipeline connected with the air inlet is provided with a valve 9, the gas flux of the pipeline can be controlled through the valve 9, a feeding mechanism is further arranged at the solid inlet of the upgrading furnace 3, the feeding mechanism comprises a solid waste bin 1 and a screw feeder 2, the outlet of the solid waste bin 1 is connected with the inlet of the screw feeder 2, and the outlet of the screw feeder 2 is connected with the solid inlet of the upgrading furnace 3;
wherein, a spiral discharger 7 is arranged between the upgrading furnace 3 and the fuel bin 12, the inlet of the spiral discharger 7 is connected with the solid outlet of the upgrading furnace 3, and the outlet of the spiral discharger 7 is connected with the inlet of the upgrading bin 8.
Referring to fig. 1, the combustion mechanism includes a combustion furnace 10, a second blower 11, a fuel bin 12 and a gas burner 13, an air inlet of the combustion furnace 10 is connected to an outlet of the second blower 11, a combustion inlet of the combustion furnace 10 is connected to an outlet of the fuel bin 12, and an outlet of the gas burner 13 is connected to a gas fuel inlet of the combustion furnace 10; wherein, the upgrading furnace 3 is provided with a gas outlet at one end of the solid outlet, the inlet of the gas burner 13 is connected with the gas outlet of the upgrading furnace 3, a plurality of gas inlets are distributed around the wall surface of the upgrading furnace 3, the outlet of the first blower 5 and the outlet of the circulating fan 6 are respectively connected with each gas inlet through pipelines, and the flue gas outlet bypass of the combustion furnace 10 is connected with the inlet of the circulating fan 6 to form gas circulation.
The method for upgrading the organic solid wastes through the device comprises the following steps of:
in this embodiment, the solid waste bin 1 and the fuel bin 12 are filled with straw biomass raw materials.
S1, starting a second air blower 11, starting a circulating fan 6, starting a fuel bin 12, igniting a combustion furnace 10 to heat, enabling high-temperature flue gas of the combustion furnace 10 to enter the quality-improving furnace 3 through the circulating fan 6, heating the quality-improving furnace 3 to a specified temperature, and enabling the specified temperature of the straw biomass raw material to be 400 ℃;
s2, when the temperature of the whole device reaches the organic solid waste quality improvement temperature, closing the fuel bin 12, and opening the screw feeder 2, the screw feeder 4, the first blower 5, the valve 9, the screw discharger 7 and the gas burner 13; opening the solid waste bin 1, allowing the organic solid waste to enter an inlet of the spiral feeder 2 through an outlet of the solid waste bin 1, allowing the organic solid waste to enter a solid inlet of the quality-improving furnace 3 from an outlet of the spiral feeder 2 under the action of the spiral feeder 2, slowly moving the organic solid waste towards the solid outlet under the action of the spiral pusher, and adjusting loads of the first air feeder 5 and the circulating fan 6 to heat the organic solid waste in the quality-improving furnace 3 while floating; wherein, the opening degree of the valve 9 is adjusted, the organic solid waste is controlled to be orderly oxidized, and the temperature of the upgrading furnace 3 is kept at 400 ℃;
s3, after the organic solid waste is subjected to high temperature of 400 ℃ and orderly oxidation, decomposing the organic solid waste into reducing gas and solid products, feeding the reducing gas into a gas burner 13 through a gas outlet of an upgrading furnace 3, feeding the solid products into a spiral discharger 7 through a solid outlet of the upgrading furnace 3, and feeding the solid products into an upgrading bin 8 through the spiral discharger 7 to finish upgrading of the organic solid waste;
and S4, the reducing gas passes through the gas burner 13 and then is completely combusted in the combustion furnace 10 to generate high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas passes through the circulating fan 6 and then enters the upgrading furnace 3 again for heating the organic solid waste to realize circulation.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A device for improving the quality of organic solid wastes by fuel is characterized by comprising:
the quality improving mechanism comprises a quality improving furnace and a quality improving bin, wherein the quality improving furnace is provided with a solid inlet and a solid outlet, a spiral discharger is arranged in the quality improving furnace and used for conveying the solids in the quality improving furnace to the solid outlet, and the quality improving bin is connected with the solid outlet;
the combustion mechanism comprises a combustion furnace, a second blower, a fuel bin and a gas burner, wherein an air inlet of the combustion furnace is connected with an outlet of the second blower, a combustion inlet of the combustion furnace is connected with an outlet of the fuel bin, and an outlet of the gas burner is connected with a gas fuel inlet of the combustion furnace;
the quality-improving furnace is provided with a gas outlet at one end of the solid outlet, a gas burner inlet is connected with the gas outlet of the quality-improving furnace, a plurality of gas inlets are distributed on the periphery of the wall surface of the quality-improving furnace, a first blower outlet and a circulating fan outlet are respectively connected with the gas inlets through pipelines, and a flue gas outlet bypass of the combustion furnace is connected with the circulating fan inlet to form gas circulation.
2. The organic solid waste fuel upgrading device according to claim 1, wherein: each pipeline connected with the air inlet is provided with a valve.
3. The organic solid waste fuel upgrading device according to claim 1, wherein: and a feeding mechanism is further installed at a solid inlet of the upgrading furnace, the feeding mechanism comprises a solid waste bin and a spiral feeder, an outlet of the solid waste bin is connected with an inlet of the spiral feeder, and an outlet of the spiral feeder is connected with a solid inlet of the upgrading furnace.
4. The organic solid waste fuel upgrading device according to claim 1, wherein: a spiral discharger is arranged between the upgrading furnace and the fuel bin, an inlet of the spiral discharger is connected with a solid outlet of the upgrading furnace, and an outlet of the spiral discharger is connected with an inlet of the upgrading bin.
5. The organic solid waste fuel upgrading device according to claim 1, wherein: the solid comprises domestic garbage, town sludge, industrial waste, agricultural and forestry waste and lignite.
6. An upgrading method based on the organic solid waste fuel upgrading device of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, starting a second air feeder, starting a circulating fan, starting a fuel bin, igniting a combustion furnace and heating, wherein smoke generated by the combustion furnace enters the quality-improving furnace through the circulating fan and heats the quality-improving furnace to a specified temperature;
s2, closing the fuel bunker, feeding the organic solid waste into the upgrading furnace from the solid inlet, slowly moving the organic solid waste to the direction of the solid outlet under the action of the spiral material pusher, and adjusting the loads of the first air feeder and the circulating fan to heat the organic solid waste in the upgrading furnace while floating;
s3, feeding reducing gas generated in the quality-improving furnace into a gas burner through a gas outlet of the quality-improving furnace, and feeding solid products into a quality-improving bin through a solid outlet of the quality-improving furnace;
s4, the reducing gas is completely combusted in the combustion furnace after passing through the gas burner, and the generated flue gas enters the quality-improving furnace again after passing through the circulating fan.
7. The method for upgrading the organic solid waste fuel upgrading device according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, the organic solid waste is stored in a solid waste bin and is fed into the upgrading furnace from the solid inlet by turning on the screw feeder.
8. The apparatus and method for improving quality of organic solid waste by fuel according to claim 6, wherein: in step S2, the opening of the valve is adjusted to control the ordered oxidation of the organic solid waste and maintain the temperature of the upgrading furnace.
9. The apparatus and method for improving quality of organic solid waste by fuel according to claim 6, wherein: in step S3, the solid products are sent into the spiral discharger through the solid outlet of the upgrading furnace, and the solid products are sent into the upgrading bin through the spiral discharger, so that the organic solid waste upgrading is completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210286736.4A CN114540095A (en) | 2022-03-22 | 2022-03-22 | Organic solid waste fuel upgrading device and method |
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| CN202210286736.4A CN114540095A (en) | 2022-03-22 | 2022-03-22 | Organic solid waste fuel upgrading device and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115305127A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-11-08 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Multi-effect integrated coupling quality improvement method and system for solid fuel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115305127A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-11-08 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Multi-effect integrated coupling quality improvement method and system for solid fuel |
| CN115305127B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-04-05 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Multi-effect integrated coupling quality improvement method and system for solid fuel |
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