CN114538848A - Preparation method of three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material - Google Patents
Preparation method of three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material Download PDFInfo
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
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- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
- B28B17/0063—Control arrangements
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- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of self-repairing of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of a three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material, which comprises the following steps: preparing and processing raw materials, preparing printing slurry, constructing a coaxial printing platform, printing a silicate ceramic self-repairing structure, maintaining and hydrating. The invention provides a preparation method of a silicate ceramic self-repairing structure based on 3D triaxial coaxial printing molding, which is characterized in that a multi-scale bionic human body vascular structure is accurately constructed, a silicate ceramic material is used as an isolation layer, other containing materials are not added, the chemical stability of a self-repairing structural system is ensured, the curing condition is simple, the bonding strength is high, and the fluidity is good. The prepared self-repairing silicate ceramic structure system with high continuity and high content solves a series of problems of structural durability of the self-repairing silicate ceramic structure system, influence of short pipes and short pipe cavities on strength, repeated healing, aging of glue solution, reliability and feasibility of healing and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of self-repairing of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of a three-channel coaxial 3D printing-formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material.
Background
Silicate materials, as the most widely used materials in construction engineering, have a series of advantages such as low cost, excellent mechanical properties, etc. However, due to the characteristics of high elastic modulus and poor toughness of the material, fatigue damage and fine cracks are easily generated under the influence of the external environment, the durability of the material is influenced, and the service life of the material is shortened. The durability problem of the silicate ceramic structure becomes more serious, and the performance effect of detecting the structure by taking the durability index as a main detection object has more practical significance. Aiming at the problems, silicate ceramics have the capability of self-repairing and self-adjusting, and scholars at home and abroad propose a self-repairing technology of silicate ceramics.
The current research method of self-repairing performance mainly comprises the following steps: a self-repairing method of a built-in fiber glue solution pipe, a self-repairing method of a built-in capsule, a self-repairing method of a shape memory alloy, a bacteria repairing method and the like. However, the methods have the defects of poor self-repairing capability, small width of repaired cracks and large strength loss; poor structural order and a large number of weak interfaces; the content of the repairing material is insufficient and the repairing material cannot be uniformly dispersed; difficult mixing, difficult preparation, higher cost and the like. The application of the self-repairing structure of the silicate ceramic is limited to a certain extent, and the further development of the self-repairing structure of the silicate ceramic is hindered.
Therefore, for the self-repairing silicate ceramic material, a high-continuity and high-content 3D printing preparation method needs to be developed to simulate the self-repairing performance of human blood vessels, and the key scientific problems of poor structural order, insufficient repairing capability and large strength loss of the current self-repairing silicate ceramic material are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a preparation method of a three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a silicate ceramic self-repairing structure based on 3D triaxial coaxial printing molding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, raw material preparation and treatment
The inner shaft is made of a self-repairing material and a defoaming agent, and microbubbles in the self-repairing material are removed through a centrifugal machine;
the raw materials used by the middle shaft are ordinary portland cement, a retarder, a water reducing agent, a plasticizer and water, wherein the ordinary portland cement, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer are subjected to ball milling and refining treatment to prepare ultrafine powder raw materials with the particle size distribution ranging from 200nm to 10 mu m from the ordinary portland cement, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer;
the outer shaft is made of ordinary portland cement, a plasticizer, a water reducing agent, a curing agent and water as raw materials, wherein the ordinary portland cement, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer are subjected to ball milling and refining treatment to prepare the ordinary portland cement, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer into superfine powder raw materials with the particle size distribution ranging from 200nm to 10 mu m, and the curing agent removes internal air bubbles through a centrifugal machine;
step two, preparing printing paste
Preparing the self-repairing material and the defoaming agent according to a proportion, and then stirring for 10-30min at the rotating speed of 1000-;
preparing superfine powder raw materials subjected to ball milling and refining in proportion, dissolving the superfine powder raw materials in a proper amount of water respectively, and then uniformly stirring the mixture through a shear stirrer at a rotating speed of 60-120 r/min;
outer shaft slurry: adding a curing agent into the prepared raw material aqueous solution, and uniformly stirring;
step three, constructing a coaxial printing platform
Manufacturing a coaxial printing nozzle; a three-axis mechanical platform with X, Y, Z space three-axis direction quick transmission and high-precision positioning functions is built by adopting a servo motor and a high-precision transmission lead screw and combining auxiliary components such as a space limiter, a lifting table and the like, and the positioning precision is 1-10 mu m; adopting a micro digital control injection pump and a high-precision pressure controller to carry out slurry propulsion and pressure feedback and control;
step four, printing the self-repairing structure of the silicate ceramic
Adopting computer software to carry out structural design, leading the processed STL model slice data into a computer numerical control end, transmitting a digital signal to a communication board by a computer, and synchronously sending an ink supply communication instruction and a printing driving instruction by controlling the connection of the communication board and a control computer; based on a micro digital control injection pump and a high-precision pressure controller, after a coaxial ink supply communication instruction is sent, gas electromagnetic control valves of different channels are opened, so that printable pressurized slurry is formed in inner and outer pipelines, then the slurry is extruded out uniformly in a quantitative mode through a coaxial printing needle head as required to form a circularly wrapped three-layer coaxial strip body, and finally the strip body is overlapped into a block body structure through mutual staggered iteration along a printing path;
step five, curing and hydrating
And maintaining the printed and molded silicate ceramic material under standard conditions to finally form the self-repairing silicate ceramic structure with high continuity and high content.
Further, in the step one, the self-repairing material is epoxy resin, and the defoaming agent is acetone.
Further, in the first step, the retarder is phosphate and alcohol, the water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid and lignosulfonate, the plasticizer is polyvinyl alcohol and fatty acid ester, and the curing agent is an epoxy resin curing agent.
Furthermore, in the second step, the superfine powder raw materials of the middle shaft slurry comprise 50-70 wt% of ordinary portland cement, 1-3 wt% of retarder, 0.5-2 wt% of water reducing agent, 2-5 wt% of plasticizer and 30-40 wt% of water.
Further, in the third step, the coaxial printing nozzle comprises an inner layer nozzle sleeve 1, a middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 and an outer layer nozzle sleeve 3, the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 is sleeved outside the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1, the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3 is sleeved outside the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1 and the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2, the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1, the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 and the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3 are fixed to each other through screws, the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1, the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 and the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3 are not communicated with each other by taking the same central axis as a reference, and are provided with a separate feed inlet, a separate discharge outlet and a separate material storage cavity; the slurry is stored in the charging barrel, enters the material storage cavity from the feeding hole through the high-precision air pump under the action of air pressure along the guide pipe, and is extruded and formed at the discharging hole in an annular wrapping state under the action of pressure.
Further, the rear end of the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1 is an inner tube feeding hole 101, the front end of the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1 is an inner tube discharging hole 102, and an inner layer material storage cavity 103 is arranged inside the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1; the middle side of the middle-layer nozzle sleeve 2 is provided with a middle pipe feeding hole 201, the front end of the middle-layer nozzle sleeve 2 is provided with a middle pipe discharging hole 202, and the middle-layer nozzle sleeve 2 is internally provided with a middle-layer storage cavity 203; the well side of outer shower nozzle sleeve 3 is outer tube feed inlet 301, the front end of outer shower nozzle sleeve 3 is outer tube discharge gate 302, the inside of outer shower nozzle sleeve 3 is outer storage cavity 303.
Further, the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 is connected with the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1 through a first screw 4; the outer-layer nozzle sleeve 3 is connected with the inner-layer nozzle sleeve 1 through a second screw 5 and a third screw 6, and the outer-layer nozzle sleeve 3 is connected with the middle-layer nozzle sleeve 2 through a fourth screw 7.
Further, in the fifth step, the standard curing conditions are as follows: the humidity is more than 95 percent, and the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a preparation method of a silicate ceramic self-repairing structure based on 3D triaxial coaxial printing molding, which is characterized in that a multi-scale bionic human body vascular structure is accurately constructed, a silicate ceramic material is used as an isolation layer, other containing materials are not added, the chemical stability of a self-repairing structural system is ensured, the curing condition is simple, the bonding strength is high, and the fluidity is good. The prepared self-repairing silicate ceramic structure system with high continuity and high content solves a series of problems of structural durability of the self-repairing silicate ceramic structure system, influence of short pipes and short pipe cavities on strength, repeated healing, aging of glue solution, reliability and feasibility of healing and the like.
2. The coaxial printing nozzle is exquisite in structure, uniform and stable in material extrusion, convenient to use and easy to build structural units, the self-repairing material curing agent is mixed into the outer-layer silicate ceramic material, the silicate ceramic material is used as an isolation layer to wrap the self-repairing material, fibers and capsules are not added, and silicate ceramic slurry and polymer slurry with good cohesiveness are overlapped in a staggered mode to form a complex layered structure in the printing process. Greatly improving the problems of selection of repair adhesive, a sealing method, adjustment of outflow quantity, distribution characteristics, compatibility of the repair adhesive and the concrete with fracture matching, durability of the concrete after healing and the like. The method has important significance for improving the disaster risk resistance of the building structure, improving the durability of building materials, ensuring long-term cooperative work of the steel bar and the concrete and promoting low energy consumption and green development in the field of civil engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a coaxial print nozzle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a coaxial print nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a silicate ceramic toughening material prepared by the preparation method of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a cubic compression test chart of the self-repairing silicate ceramic material prepared by the present invention, and a compression test chart of the self-repairing performance after the breakage test.
As shown in the figure, the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1, the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2, the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3, the first screw 4, the second screw 5, the third screw 6, the fourth screw 7, the inner pipe feed inlet 101, the inner pipe discharge outlet 102, the inner layer storage cavity 103, the middle pipe feed inlet 201, the middle pipe discharge outlet 202, the middle layer storage cavity 203, the outer pipe feed inlet 301, the outer pipe discharge outlet 302, and the outer layer storage cavity 303.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
step one, raw material preparation and treatment
The inner shaft is made of a self-repairing material and a defoaming agent, and microbubbles in the self-repairing material are removed through a centrifugal machine; the self-repairing material is epoxy resin, and the defoaming agent is acetone;
the raw materials used by the middle shaft are ordinary portland cement, a retarder, a water reducing agent, a plasticizer and water, wherein the ordinary portland cement, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer are subjected to ball milling and refining treatment to prepare ultrafine powder raw materials with the particle size distribution ranging from 200nm to 10 mu m from the ordinary portland cement, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer; the retarder is phosphate and alcohols, the water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid and lignosulfonate, and the plasticizer is polyvinyl alcohol and fatty acid ester;
the outer shaft is made of ordinary portland cement, a plasticizer, a water reducing agent, a curing agent and water as raw materials, wherein the ordinary portland cement, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer are subjected to ball milling and refining treatment to prepare the ordinary portland cement, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer into superfine powder raw materials with the particle size distribution ranging from 200nm to 10 mu m, and the curing agent removes internal air bubbles through a centrifugal machine; the retarder is phosphate and alcohols, the water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid and lignosulfonate, the plasticizer is polyvinyl alcohol and fatty acid ester, and the curing agent is an epoxy resin curing agent.
Step two, preparing printing paste
Preparing the self-repairing material and the defoaming agent according to a proportion, and then stirring for 10-30min at the rotating speed of 1000-; the superfine powder raw materials of the middle shaft slurry comprise 50-70 wt% of ordinary portland cement, 1-3 wt% of retarder, 0.5-2 wt% of water reducing agent, 2-5 wt% of plasticizer and 30-40 wt% of water.
Preparing superfine powder raw materials subjected to ball milling and refining in proportion, dissolving the superfine powder raw materials in a proper amount of water respectively, and then uniformly stirring the mixture through a shear stirrer at a rotating speed of 60-120 r/min;
outer shaft slurry: adding a curing agent into the prepared raw material aqueous solution, and uniformly stirring;
step three, constructing a coaxial printing platform
Manufacturing a coaxial printing nozzle; a three-axis mechanical platform with X, Y, Z space three-axis direction quick transmission and high-precision positioning functions is built by adopting a servo motor and a high-precision transmission lead screw and combining auxiliary components such as a space limiter, a lifting table and the like, and the positioning precision is 1-10 mu m; adopting a micro digital control injection pump and a high-precision pressure controller to carry out slurry propulsion and pressure feedback and control;
step four, printing the self-repairing structure of the silicate ceramic
Adopting computer software to carry out structural design, leading the processed STL model slice data into a computer numerical control end, transmitting a digital signal to a communication board by a computer, and synchronously sending an ink supply communication instruction and a printing driving instruction by controlling the connection of the communication board and a control computer; based on a micro digital control injection pump and a high-precision pressure controller, after a coaxial ink supply communication instruction is sent, gas electromagnetic control valves of different channels are opened, printable pressurized slurry is formed in an inner pipeline and an outer pipeline, then the slurry is extruded out uniformly in a quantitative mode through a coaxial printing needle head according to needs, three layers of coaxial strip bodies wrapped in a ring shape are formed, and finally the strip bodies are overlapped into a block structure through mutual staggered iteration along a printing path;
step five, curing and hydrating
Maintaining the printed and molded silicate ceramic material under standard conditions to finally form a self-repairing silicate ceramic structure with high continuity and high content; the standard curing conditions were: the humidity is more than 95 percent, and the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃.
Further, in step three, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the coaxial printing nozzle includes an inner layer nozzle sleeve 1, a middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 and an outer layer nozzle sleeve 3, the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 is sleeved outside the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1, the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3 is sleeved outside the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1 and the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2, the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1, the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 and the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3 are fixed to each other by screws, the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1, the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 and the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3 are not communicated with each other by using the same central axis as a reference, and have a separate feed inlet, a separate discharge outlet and a separate material storage cavity; the slurry is stored in the charging barrel, enters the material storage cavity from the feeding hole through the high-precision air pump under the action of air pressure along the guide pipe, and is extruded and formed at the discharging hole in an annular wrapping state under the action of pressure.
Further, the rear end of the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1 is an inner tube feeding hole 101, the front end of the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1 is an inner tube discharging hole 102, and an inner layer material storage cavity 103 is arranged inside the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1; the middle side of the middle layer spray head sleeve 2 is provided with a middle pipe feeding hole 201, the front end of the middle layer spray head sleeve 2 is provided with a middle pipe discharging hole 202, and the middle layer spray head sleeve 2 is internally provided with a middle layer storage cavity 203; the middle side of the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3 is an outer pipe feeding hole 301, the front end of the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3 is an outer pipe discharging hole 302, and the inner part of the outer layer nozzle sleeve 3 is an outer layer storage cavity 303.
Further, the middle layer nozzle sleeve 2 is connected with the inner layer nozzle sleeve 1 through a first screw 4; the outer-layer nozzle sleeve 3 is connected with the inner-layer nozzle sleeve 1 through a second screw 5 and a third screw 6, and the outer-layer nozzle sleeve 3 is connected with the middle-layer nozzle sleeve 2 through a fourth screw 7.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the self-repairing ability of the test piece is tested by macroscopic cubic compression resistance, namely, the maximum compression strength before and after the test is tested.
The inner layer of the compressed sample adopts epoxy resin A glue as a self-repairing material, the middle layer adopts ordinary portland cement (P.O 42.5), and the outer layer adopts ordinary portland cement (P.O 42.5) and an epoxy resin curing agent; and then printing and curing the prepared sample. Carrying out a compression test on a cubic compression test sample with the size of 40 multiplied by 40mm by adopting a universal testing machine, and carrying out primary breakage; maintaining for 14-28 days under standard maintenance condition, and performing self-repairing; the compression test was then performed again. As shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that after the repair, the compressive strength is improved by about 40%, which is obviously better than the repair capability of other self-repairing silicate ceramic structures.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a silicate ceramic self-repairing structure based on 3D triaxial coaxial printing molding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, raw material preparation and treatment
The inner shaft is made of a self-repairing material and a defoaming agent, and microbubbles in the self-repairing material are removed through a centrifugal machine;
the raw materials used by the middle shaft are ordinary portland cement, a retarder, a water reducing agent, a plasticizer and water, wherein the ordinary portland cement, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer are subjected to ball milling and refining treatment to prepare ultrafine powder raw materials with the particle size distribution ranging from 200nm to 10 mu m from the ordinary portland cement, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer;
the outer shaft is made of ordinary portland cement, a plasticizer, a water reducing agent, a curing agent and water as raw materials, wherein the ordinary portland cement, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer are subjected to ball milling and refining treatment to prepare the ordinary portland cement, the water reducing agent and the plasticizer into superfine powder raw materials with the particle size distribution ranging from 200nm to 10 mu m, and the curing agent removes internal air bubbles through a centrifugal machine;
step two, preparing printing paste
Preparing the self-repairing material and the defoaming agent according to a proportion, and then stirring for 10-30min at the rotating speed of 1000-;
preparing superfine powder raw materials subjected to ball milling and refining in proportion, dissolving the superfine powder raw materials in a proper amount of water respectively, and then uniformly stirring the mixture through a shear stirrer at a rotating speed of 60-120 r/min;
outer shaft slurry: adding a curing agent into the prepared raw material aqueous solution, and uniformly stirring;
step three, constructing a coaxial printing platform
Manufacturing a coaxial printing nozzle; a three-axis mechanical platform with X, Y, Z space three-axis direction quick transmission and high-precision positioning functions is built by adopting a servo motor and a high-precision transmission lead screw and combining auxiliary components such as a space limiter, a lifting table and the like, and the positioning precision is 1-10 mu m; adopting a micro digital control injection pump and a high-precision pressure controller to carry out slurry propulsion and pressure feedback and control;
step four, printing the silicate ceramic self-repairing structure
Adopting computer software to carry out structural design, leading the processed STL model slice data into a computer numerical control end, transmitting a digital signal to a communication board by the computer, and connecting a control computer through the control communication board to synchronously send an ink supply communication instruction and a printing driving instruction; based on a micro digital control injection pump and a high-precision pressure controller, after a coaxial ink supply communication instruction is sent, gas electromagnetic control valves of different channels are opened, printable pressurized slurry is formed in an inner pipeline and an outer pipeline, then the slurry is extruded out uniformly in a quantitative mode through a coaxial printing needle head according to needs, three layers of coaxial strip bodies wrapped in a ring shape are formed, and finally the strip bodies are overlapped into a block structure through mutual staggered iteration along a printing path;
step five, curing and hydrating
And maintaining the printed and molded silicate ceramic material under standard conditions to finally form the self-repairing silicate ceramic structure with high continuity and high content.
2. The preparation method of the three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the self-repairing material is epoxy resin, and the defoaming agent is acetone.
3. The preparation method of the three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the retarder is phosphate and alcohol, the water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid and lignosulfonate, the plasticizer is polyvinyl alcohol and fatty acid ester, and the curing agent is an epoxy resin curing agent.
4. The preparation method of the three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the superfine powder raw materials of the middle shaft slurry comprise 50-70 wt% of ordinary portland cement, 1-3 wt% of retarder, 0.5-2 wt% of water reducing agent, 2-5 wt% of plasticizer and 30-40 wt% of water.
5. The preparation method of the three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in step three, coaxial printing nozzle includes inlayer shower nozzle sleeve (1), middle level shower nozzle sleeve (2) and outer shower nozzle sleeve (3), establish at inlayer shower nozzle sleeve (1) outside middle level shower nozzle sleeve (2), establish at inlayer shower nozzle sleeve (1) and middle level shower nozzle sleeve (2) outside outer shower nozzle sleeve (3), through the screw reciprocal anchorage between inlayer shower nozzle sleeve (1), middle level shower nozzle sleeve (2) and outer shower nozzle sleeve (3), inlayer shower nozzle sleeve (1), middle level shower nozzle sleeve (2) and outer shower nozzle sleeve (3) use the same axis as the benchmark, do not communicate each other, have solitary feed inlet, discharge gate and storage cavity.
6. The preparation method of the three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the rear end of the inner-layer nozzle sleeve (1) is provided with an inner tube feeding hole (101), the front end of the inner-layer nozzle sleeve (1) is provided with an inner tube discharging hole (102), and the inner part of the inner-layer nozzle sleeve (1) is provided with an inner-layer material storage cavity (103); the middle side of the middle-layer nozzle sleeve (2) is provided with a middle pipe feeding hole (201), the front end of the middle-layer nozzle sleeve (2) is provided with a middle pipe discharging hole (202), and the inside of the middle-layer nozzle sleeve (2) is provided with a middle-layer material storage cavity (203); the middle side of the outer layer nozzle sleeve (3) is provided with an outer pipe feeding hole (301), the front end of the outer layer nozzle sleeve (3) is provided with an outer pipe discharging hole (302), and the inside of the outer layer nozzle sleeve (3) is provided with an outer layer material storage cavity (303).
7. The preparation method of the three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the novel shower nozzle is characterized in that the middle-layer shower nozzle sleeve (2) is connected with the inner-layer shower nozzle sleeve (1) through a first screw (4), the outer-layer shower nozzle sleeve (3) is connected with the inner-layer shower nozzle sleeve (1) through a second screw (5) and a third screw (6), and the outer-layer shower nozzle sleeve (3) is connected with the middle-layer shower nozzle sleeve (2) through a fourth screw (7).
8. The preparation method of the three-channel coaxial 3D printing formed silicate ceramic self-repairing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step five, the standard curing conditions are as follows: the humidity is more than 95 percent, and the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃.
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