CN114538528A - CoFe2O4Method for producing nano magnetic material - Google Patents
CoFe2O4Method for producing nano magnetic material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a CoFe2O4A production method of a nano magnetic material belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation. The process comprises the following steps: (1) preparing an iron source, glycine, a cobalt source and an additive (ammonium nitrate and the like) into a solution according to a certain proportion; (2) heating and stirring, volatilizing the solution, concentrating and decomposing to obtain precursor powder; (3) and reacting the precursor powder for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 200-500 ℃ under a certain protective atmosphere. The method has the advantages of cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, simple and quick manufacturing process, low process energy consumption and low cost, can realize large-scale production, and the obtained CoFe2O4The nano magnetic material has high purity, fine particles and good dispersibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation, and particularly relates to magnetic nano-scale CoFe2O4Method for producing material, method for operating the methodSimple and convenient preparation, short process flow, low cost and suitability for industrial production.
Background
In recent years, with the growing interest in the research of nano materials, when the particle size enters the nano level (1-100nm), the particle has the quantum size effect, the small size effect, the surface effect and the macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, so that the particle has a plurality of specific properties, has a wide application prospect in the aspects of medicines, new materials and the like, and simultaneously promotes the development of basic research. Magnetic nanoparticles are a novel material developed in recent years, not only have the basic effect of common nanoparticles, but also have abnormal magnetic properties, such as superparamagnetism, low curie temperature, high magnetic susceptibility and the like, and are widely applied to the fields of electronic devices, information storage and the like. Has wide application prospect in the biological and medical fields, such as cell separation, immobilized enzyme, immunodiagnosis, tumor targeted therapy and the like. Therefore, the synthesis, performance and application of nano-magnetic materials become one of the hot spots in the research of the current material field. The cobalt ferrite magnetic nano material has unique physical and chemical properties, catalytic properties and magnetic properties. For example, the coercive force and the resistivity can reach the level tens of times higher than those of the magnetic alloy, the high-frequency permeability is higher, and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant of the unit ferrite at room temperature is as high as about 2.7 multiplied by 105J·m-3The magnetic recording medium has large magneto-optical deflection angle in a visible light region, stable chemical property, corrosion resistance and wear resistance, so that the powder particle size and direct current magnetization parameters can be adjusted to a proper range to be used as the magnetic recording medium, and the recording density can be continuously improved under the condition of enough signal-to-noise ratio. The cobalt ferrite magnetic nano powder can also be used as an important microwave absorbent, mainly because the high complex permeability can be kept in the microwave frequency C band and Ku band. Because of its high saturation magnetization and coercive force, large magnetocrystalline anisotropy and magnetostriction, and good chemical stability, cobalt ferrite magnetic materials have wide applications in the fields of magnetic recording, electromagnetic shielding, catalysis, rechargeable batteries, biomedicine, etc. At present, a number of synthetic methods have been used to prepare magnetic spinel ferrite nanocrystals, such as co-crystalsPrecipitation, sol-gel, mechanical ball milling, microemulsion, hydrothermal, organic acid salt precursor, and the like. However, various preparation methods still have certain limitations, such as the particle size of the particles prepared by the coprecipitation method is difficult to control; the mechanical ball milling method is easy to introduce impurities, has long period and wide particle size distribution; the sol-gel method needs high-temperature calcination, which easily causes particle agglomeration; the nano particles prepared by the microemulsion method are wrapped by the surfactant and are not easy to remove, the application of the magnetic material is influenced, the industrialization is difficult to realize, and the like. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a method for preparing a cobalt ferrite magnetic nano material, which is simple, convenient, short in process flow, low in cost and suitable for industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for simply preparing nano-scale CoFe2O4The method of the magnetic material greatly improves the application of the magnetic material in the fields of magnetic recording, catalysis, biomedicine, new materials and the like. The method has the characteristics of simple process, high efficiency and low cost.
CoFe2O4The production method of the nano magnetic material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. dissolving an iron source, a cobalt source and fuel in deionized water according to a certain proportion;
b. heating and stirring the solution formed in the step a to volatilize, concentrate and decompose the solution to obtain precursor powder;
c. c, reacting the precursor powder obtained in the step b for a period of time in a certain protective atmosphere within a certain temperature range for decarburization to obtain CoFe2O4A nanomagnetic material.
Further, the iron source added in the step is soluble iron salt such as ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate, ferric chloride and the like; when the iron source is ferric nitrate, the fuel is oxidants such as glycine, urea, glucose and citric acid, and the molar ratio of the iron source to the fuel is 1 (1-10); wherein the cobalt source is soluble cobalt salt such as cobalt nitrate, cobalt sulfate and the like, and when the cobalt nitrate is used as the cobalt source, the molar ratio of the iron source, the cobalt source and the fuel is 1 (0.5-1) to 1-10. When cobalt sulfate is used as a cobalt source or ferric sulfate, ferric chloride and the like are used as iron sources, an additive ammonium nitrate is required to be added, and the molar ratio of the iron source to the ammonium nitrate to the cobalt source is 1 (1.5-2) to 0.5-1.
Further, the atmosphere in step c is an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon.
Further, the reaction temperature in the step c is 200-500 ℃; the reaction time is 1-3 hours.
Further, the reaction temperature in the step c is preferably 300-400 ℃; the reaction time is preferably 1.5 to 2.5 hours.
The invention provides a method for preparing nano-scale CoFe2O4The method of the magnetic material realizes the uniform mixing of the relevant element atom level by the liquid-liquid mixing mode of the raw materials, the reactants are in a highly uniform dispersion state in the synthesis process, the atoms can enter the crystal lattice position only through short-range diffusion or rearrangement during the reaction, the reaction speed is high, the cost is low, the energy consumption is low, the product powder is fine and uniform, and the performance is excellent.
The principle and the technical key point of the invention are that after a certain proportion of metal nitrate (oxidant) and organic matter (fuel) are dissolved in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution, the solution is heated for complexation or evaporation and concentration to form gel or gel complex, the gel spontaneously ignites at a certain temperature, and the reaction is instantly finished along with the release of a large amount of gas to form precursor powder with high specific surface area. The metal nitrate is used as an oxidant in the reaction, the organic fuel is used as a reducing agent in the reaction, a reaction system is ignited at a certain temperature to initiate a violent oxidation-reduction reaction, once the reaction occurs, no external heat source is required to be provided, the reaction is self-maintained by the heat released by the oxidation-reduction reaction, the whole combustion process can be finished in a short time, a large amount of gas is released, and the product is superfine powder which is loose in texture, free of agglomeration and easy to crush. Because the reaction components are carried out in a solution state, the uniformity is high, and the stoichiometric ratio is accurate and easy to control; a large amount of gas released in the combustion process can carry away a large amount of reaction heat, so that the formed powder product is loose and fragile, and has a large specific surface area, high reaction activity and fine particles. In publication No. CN1283586C, Daihong et al prepared nano cobalt ferrite by a coprecipitation method, but the method needs to perform the steps of mixing, stirring, dipping, precipitating, heat treating, cleaning, freeze drying and the like, and the pH value of the solution needs to be continuously regulated and controlled in the process. In publication No. CN101723655B, Zhang Yonget al prepared Mn-Zn doped cobalt ferrite by microemulsion method, compared with the method proposed herein, the nanoparticle size distribution is wider, and due to the introduction of various organic solvents, the active agent wrapped on the surface of the cobalt ferrite is difficult to completely remove, which affects the purity of the final product, and the waste liquid is difficult to treat. In publication No. CN102276246A, Zhang Changsen et al prepared cobalt ferrite by mechanical ball milling and calcination, but this method easily introduced impurities and consumed energy and time, which had a large effect on the product quality.
The method has the following advantages: (1) one-step synthesis is realized, a complex process is not needed, intermediate products and possible pollution are reduced, and the product purity is improved; (2) the heat released by the reaction can make the reaction self-maintained, and the energy consumption is low; (3) gas generated in the reaction process can play a role in dispersing products, and can effectively prevent agglomeration of powder particles; (4) the prepared precursor has high reaction activity, and can reduce the subsequent reaction temperature and improve the reaction speed. (5) The raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the manufacturing process is simple, convenient and quick, the process energy consumption is low, the cost is low, and the large-scale production can be realized;
drawings
FIG. 1 shows CoFe of the present invention2O4X-ray diffraction pattern of nano-magnetic material.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings herein, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1:
weighing 0.2 mol of ferric nitrate, 0.3 mol of glycine and 0.1 mol of cobalt nitrate, dissolving the raw materials in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution, and placing the mixed solution on a temperature-controllable electric furnace for heating. The solution is subjected to a series of reactions such as volatilization, concentration, decomposition and the like to obtain precursor powder, and the precursor powder is decarburized for 2 hours at the temperature of 400 ℃ under the argon atmosphere to obtain CoFe2O4A nanomagnetic material.
Example 2:
weighing 0.12 mol of ferric chloride, 0.4 mol of glycine, 0.04 mol of cobalt sulfate and 0.16 mol of ammonium nitrate, dissolving the raw materials in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution, and placing the mixed solution on a temperature-controllable electric furnace for heating. The solution is subjected to a series of reactions such as volatilization, concentration, decomposition and the like to obtain precursor powder, and the precursor powder is decarburized for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 300 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere to obtain CoFe2O4A nanomagnetic material.
Example 3:
weighing 0.2 mol of ferric sulfate, 0.7 mol of glycine, 0.15 mol of cobalt sulfate and 0.35 mol of ammonium nitrate, dissolving in deionized water to prepare a solution, and placing the solution on a temperature-controllable electric furnace for heating. The solution reacts after undergoing a series of processes such as volatilization, concentration, decomposition and the like to obtain precursor powder, and the precursor powder reacts in a furnace for 1 hour at the temperature of 500 ℃ under the argon atmosphere to obtain CoFe2O4A nanomagnetic material.
Example 4:
0.2 mol of ferric nitrate, 0.5 mol of glycine and 0.16 mol of cobalt nitrate are weighed and dissolved in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution, and the mixed solution is placed on a temperature-controllable electric furnace for heating. The solution reacts after a series of processes such as volatilization, concentration, decomposition and the like to obtain precursor powder, and the precursor powder reacts in a furnace for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 350 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere to obtain CoFe2O4A nanomagnetic material.
Example 5:
weighing 0.2 mol of ferric nitrate, 1.6 mol of glycine and 0.2 mol of cobalt nitrate, and dissolving in deionized waterPreparing a mixed solution, and heating the mixed solution on a temperature-controllable electric furnace. The solution reacts after undergoing a series of processes such as volatilization, concentration, decomposition and the like to obtain precursor powder, and the precursor powder reacts in a furnace for 2 hours at the temperature of 400 ℃ under the argon atmosphere to obtain CoFe2O4A nanomagnetic material.
Claims (5)
1. CoFe2O4The production method of the nano magnetic material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. dissolving an iron source, a cobalt source and a fuel in deionized water according to a certain proportion;
b. heating and stirring the solution formed in the step a to volatilize, concentrate and decompose the solution to obtain precursor powder;
c. c, reacting the precursor powder obtained in the step b at the temperature of 200-500 ℃ for 1-3 hours in a certain protective atmosphere for decarbonization to obtain CoFe2O4A nanomagnetic material.
2. CoFe according to claim 12O4The production method of the nano magnetic material is characterized in that the iron source added in the step a is ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate and ferric chloride soluble ferric salt; when the iron source is ferric nitrate, the fuel is glycine, urea, glucose and citric acid oxidant, and the molar ratio of the iron source to the fuel is 1 (1-10); wherein the cobalt source is cobalt salt soluble in cobalt nitrate and cobalt sulfate, and when the cobalt nitrate is used as the cobalt source, the molar ratio of the iron source to the cobalt source to the fuel is 1 (0.5-1) to 1-10; when cobalt sulfate is used as a cobalt source or ferric sulfate, ferric chloride and the like are used as iron sources, an additive ammonium nitrate is required to be added, and the molar ratio of the iron source to the ammonium nitrate to the cobalt source is 1 (1.5-2) to 0.5-1.
3. CoFe according to claim 12O4The production method of the nano magnetic material is characterized in that a certain atmosphere in the step c is nitrogen and argon inert atmosphere.
4. CoFe according to claim 12O4The production method of the nano magnetic material is characterized in that the reaction temperature in the step c is 200-500 ℃; the reaction time is 1-3 hours.
5. CoFe according to claim 1 or 42O4The production method of the nano magnetic material is characterized in that the optimal reaction temperature in the step c is 300-400 ℃; the reaction time is 1.5 to 2.5 hours.
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Cited By (2)
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