CN114538514A - System for preparing vanadium pentoxide by three-step method - Google Patents
System for preparing vanadium pentoxide by three-step method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114538514A CN114538514A CN202210143084.9A CN202210143084A CN114538514A CN 114538514 A CN114538514 A CN 114538514A CN 202210143084 A CN202210143084 A CN 202210143084A CN 114538514 A CN114538514 A CN 114538514A
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- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 60
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009615 deamination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006481 deamination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G31/00—Compounds of vanadium
- C01G31/02—Oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by a three-step method, which comprises a drying unit, a calcining unit and a melting unit; the drying unit comprises a feeder, a dryer, a first dust removal device and a first storage device which are sequentially connected in series along the material flow direction; the calcining unit comprises a calcining furnace communicated with a discharge hole of the first storage device; the melting unit comprises a melting furnace communicated with the discharge port of the calcining furnace. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method provided by the invention aims to improve the production efficiency of preparing vanadium pentoxide and avoid ammonia gas leakage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vanadium pentoxide preparation, and particularly relates to a system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by a three-step method.
Background
In the prior art, the following production process is generally adopted for preparing vanadium pentoxide: feeding ammonium polyvanadate into a melting furnace, keeping the temperature in the melting furnace between 900 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and finally discharging the ammonium polyvanadate from a discharge hole of the melting furnace and flowing into a casting machine for die casting under the high-temperature condition to form solid vanadium pentoxide.
However, in the above production process, the melting furnace needs to be cooled when feeding, continuous feeding cannot be realized, drying, deamination and melting are all completed in the same melting furnace, ammonia gas generated in the production process is decomposed to generate hydrogen gas in a high-temperature environment, and the hydrogen gas easily reduces vanadium pentoxide to low-price vanadium, so that the melting speed is influenced, and the production efficiency is low. In addition, the melting furnace is an open structure, and if positive pressure is generated in the furnace, incompletely decomposed ammonia gas is discharged to the atmosphere, so that environmental pollution is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by a three-step method, aiming at improving the production efficiency of preparing vanadium pentoxide and avoiding ammonia gas leakage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the system for preparing the vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method comprises a drying unit, a calcining unit, a melting unit and an ammonia treatment unit;
the drying unit comprises a feeder, a dryer, a first dust removal device and a first storage device which are sequentially connected in series along the material flow direction; the calcining unit comprises a calcining furnace communicated with a discharge hole of the first storage device; the melting unit comprises a melting furnace communicated with a discharge hole of the calcining furnace, and the ammonia processing unit is respectively communicated with a tail gas outlet of the dryer and a tail gas outlet of the melting furnace.
In a possible implementation manner, the melting unit further comprises a settling tank and an air mixing tank, an inlet of the settling tank is communicated with a tail gas outlet of the melting furnace, and an air inlet of the dryer is communicated with an outlet of the settling tank through the air mixing tank. .
In a possible implementation manner, the calcining unit further includes a second dust removal device and a second storage device, and the calcining furnace, the second dust removal device, the second storage device and the melting furnace are sequentially connected in series along a material flow direction.
In a possible implementation manner, a heat exchanger is further arranged between the calcining furnace and the second dust removal device, a feed inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an air outlet of the calcining furnace, and a discharge outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with a feed inlet of the second dust removal device.
In a possible implementation manner, a distributor is arranged in the calcining furnace, the distributor comprises a connecting column and a plurality of distributing mechanisms radially distributed at intervals on the periphery of the connecting column, the connecting column is connected with the main body of the calcining furnace, the distributing mechanisms comprise a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the connecting column, a plurality of connecting plates are arranged between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate at intervals along the radial direction of the connecting column, and a material guiding channel is formed between the plurality of connecting plates.
In a possible implementation mode, the melting furnace includes the furnace body, the furnace body from top to bottom forms feeding portion, preheating part, melting portion, cooling part and the ejection of compact portion that communicates in proper order, the top of feeding portion forms the feed inlet, melting portion with be equipped with the striker plate between the cooling part, the material hole has been seted up thoroughly on the striker plate, it can make liquid vanadic anhydride pass through to pass through the material hole, the bottom of ejection of compact portion forms the discharge gate.
In one possible implementation, the melting furnace further comprises:
the air guide pipe is annularly arranged at the top of the cooling part, and an air inlet hole for collecting high-temperature gas is formed in the air guide pipe;
the gas pipe is annularly arranged at the top of the melting part, and is downwards provided with a gas outlet hole which is used for conveying gas into the melting part; and
the circulating pipe is arranged on the outer side of the furnace body, the air inlet end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the air guide pipe, and the air outlet end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the melting part.
In a possible implementation manner, the circulating pipe is provided in plurality, and the circulating pipes are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the furnace body.
In a possible implementation manner, the upper part of the melting part is of a cylindrical structure, the lower part of the melting part is of a conical structure with the inner diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the material baffle plate is arranged at the bottom end of the conical structure.
In a possible implementation manner, the system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method further comprises an ammonia treatment unit, and the ammonia treatment unit is respectively communicated with the tail gas outlet of the dryer and the tail gas outlet of the melting furnace.
The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention respectively carries out dehydration treatment, deamination treatment and melting treatment through the drying unit, the calcining unit and the melting unit, and the calcining furnace and the melting furnace are separately arranged, thereby being convenient for controlling the operation environment, simultaneously being convenient for recycling ammonia gas, avoiding the decomposition or leakage of ammonia gas and avoiding environmental pollution. In addition, the flue gas in the dryer is mixed with powdery ammonium polyvanadate, and the flue gas in the dryer is subjected to dust removal treatment through the first dust removal device, so that the ammonium polyborate is prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere to pollute the environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by a three-step method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a melting furnace used in a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an ammonia processing unit employed in a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a decomposing furnace employed in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an ammonia processing unit employed in a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a spray assembly employed in a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a top view of a distributor used in a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a front view of fig. 7.
In the figure:
1. a feeder;
2. a dryer;
3. a first dust removing device;
4. a first storage device;
5. an ammonia treatment unit; 501. a tower body; 502. a guide cylinder; 503. a filter assembly; 504. a shower pipe; 505. A baffle; 506. a delivery pipe;
6. a calciner; 601. connecting columns; 602. a first fixing plate; 603. a connecting plate; 604. a second fixing plate;
7. a heat exchanger;
8. a second dust removing device;
9. a second storage device;
10. a melting furnace; 1001. a feeding section; 1002. a preheating section; 1003. a melting section; 1004. a cooling section; 1005. a discharging part; 1006. a gas pipe; 1007. a circulation pipe; 1008. an air duct; 1009. a striker plate; 1010. a material through hole;
11. a settling tank;
12. and (4) an air mixing tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method of the present invention will now be described. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method comprises a drying unit, a calcining unit, a melting unit and an ammonia processing unit 5;
the drying unit comprises a feeder 1, a dryer 2, a first dust removal device 3 and a first storage device 4 which are sequentially connected in series along the material flow direction; the calcining unit comprises a calcining furnace 6 communicated with a discharge hole of the first storage device 4; the melting unit comprises a melting furnace 10 communicating with the outlet of the calciner 6.
The working process is as follows:
1) feeding ammonium polyvanadate with certain moisture into a dryer 2 through a feeder 1, and drying and dehydrating solid ammonium polyvanadate by the dryer 2;
2) introducing the dried ammonium polyvanadate into a first dust removal device 3 for dust removal treatment, and temporarily storing the materials subjected to dust removal in a first storage device 4;
3) the high-temperature steam containing ammonia gas in the dryer 2 enters an ammonia treatment unit 5 for ammonia removal;
4) introducing ammonium polyvanadate in the first storage device 4 into a calcining furnace 6 for deamination and calcination treatment, and introducing ammonia gas generated in the calcining furnace 6 into an ammonia treatment unit 5 for treatment to ensure that the discharged flue gas reaches the standard;
5) and the powder vanadium pentoxide generated after deaminizing enters a melting furnace 10 to be melted at high temperature to form liquid vanadium pentoxide.
Compared with the prior art, the system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method has the advantages that the drying unit, the calcining unit and the melting unit are respectively used for dehydration, deamination and melting, the calcining furnace 6 and the melting furnace 10 are separately arranged, the operation environment is conveniently controlled, ammonia gas is conveniently recycled, decomposition of the ammonia gas is avoided, and environmental pollution can be avoided. In addition, the flue gas in the drier 2 is mixed with powdery ammonium polyvanadate, and the flue gas in the drier 2 is subjected to dust removal treatment through the first dust removal device 3, so that the ammonium polyborate is prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere to pollute the environment.
It should be noted that, in the drying process, ammonium polyvanadate may generate a part of ammonia gas due to the high temperature environment, and the ammonia gas is mixed with the high temperature steam, so that the ammonia needs to be introduced into the ammonia treatment unit 5 for removing ammonia.
Optionally, the melting furnace 10 is connected to a water-cooled disc sheet casting machine, and the melted vanadium pentoxide is cooled and cast into a sheet shape to form the sheet-shaped vanadium pentoxide.
Optionally, the first dust removing device 3 is a cyclone dust remover.
Optionally, the first dust collector 3 is communicated with the melting furnace 10, and the filtered hot gas is introduced into the melting furnace 10 to provide a heat source for the melting furnace 10.
Optionally, the feeder 1 is a screw feeder 1.
Optionally, a screw conveyor is further arranged between the calcining furnace 6 and the melting furnace 10, and the screw conveyor conveys the powdery vanadium pentoxide in the calcining furnace 6 into the melting furnace 10.
Optionally, a screw conveyor is arranged between the first storage device 4 and the calcining furnace 6.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the melting unit further includes a settling tank 11 and an air mixing tank 12, an inlet of the settling tank 11 is connected to the tail gas outlet of the melting furnace 10, and an air inlet of the dryer 2 is connected to an outlet of the settling tank 11 through the air mixing tank 12.
High temperature flue gas in the melting furnace 10 gets into earlier and subsides the particulate matter that contains in the settling cask 11 to the flue gas, then lets in and cools down in the jar 12 that mixes the wind, and in will cooling down to the flue gas of predetermineeing the temperature lets in desiccator 2, carries out the drying to polyvanadate as the heat source. Realizes the recycling of energy, saves the production cost and avoids the environmental pollution caused by the direct emission of high-temperature flue gas. The flue gas is firstly subjected to sedimentation treatment, so that impurities are prevented from entering the dryer 2 to influence the purity of the ammonium polyvanadate.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the calcining unit further includes a second dust removing device 8 and a second material storing device 9, and the calcining furnace 6, the second dust removing device 8, the second material storing device 9 and the melting furnace 10 are connected in series in the material flow direction.
Vanadium pentoxide generated by the calcining furnace 6 is mixed with generated flue gas, discharged into the second dust removal device 8 for dust removal and preliminary collection, impurities such as particles in the flue gas are removed to obtain relatively pure vanadium pentoxide, then the vanadium pentoxide is sent into the second storage device 9 for collection, and finally the vanadium pentoxide is sent into the melting furnace 10. The second storage device 9 can stand the vanadium pentoxide for a period of time, so that the water vapor contained in the vanadium pentoxide is cooled and separated out, and the explosion hazard caused by excessive water vapor in the melting furnace 10 is avoided.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, a heat exchanger 7 is further disposed between the calciner 6 and the second dust-removing device 8, a feed port of the heat exchanger 7 is communicated with an air outlet of the calciner 6, and a discharge port is communicated with a feed port of the second dust-removing device 8.
The temperature at the outlet of the calcining furnace 6 is about 400 ℃, the heat exchanger 7 cools the vanadium pentoxide and the mixed flue gas, the temperature is cooled from 400 ℃ to below 180 ℃, then the vanadium pentoxide mixed with the flue gas is conveyed to the second dust removal device 8 for dust removal, the heat energy generated by cooling the vanadium pentoxide mixed with the flue gas by the heat exchanger 7 can be introduced into the melting furnace 10 to be used as combustion-supporting air, the utilization rate of energy is improved, and the heat is prevented from entering the second dust removal device 8 to influence the service life of the second dust removal device 8.
Optionally, the air outlet of the heat exchanger 7 is also communicated with the air inlet of the calciner 6, and the heat energy is provided to the calciner 6 to be used as combustion-supporting air.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7 to 8, a distributor is disposed in the calciner 6, the distributor includes a connecting column 601 and a plurality of distributing mechanisms radially and intermittently distributed on the periphery of the connecting column 601, the connecting column 601 is connected to the main body of the calciner 6, the distributing mechanisms include a first fixing plate 602 and a second fixing plate 604 which are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the connecting column 601, a plurality of connecting plates 603 are disposed between the first fixing plate 602 and the second fixing plate 604 at intervals along the radial direction of the connecting column 601, and a material guiding channel is formed between the plurality of connecting plates 603.
A large amount of mixture of ammonium polyvanadate and vanadic anhydride is accumulated in the calcining furnace 6, the blocky ammonium polyvanadate is not easy to decompose, and the ammonium polyvanadate passes through a gap between the material guide channel and the adjacent material distributing mechanism after entering the calcining furnace 6, so that the blocky ammonium polyvanadate is dispersed into a small granular structure under the action of gravity, the decomposition of the blocky ammonium polyvanadate into vanadic anhydride is facilitated, and the conversion efficiency is improved.
Optionally, the distributor is arranged at the upper part of the calciner 6.
Optionally, the material distribution mechanism is connected to the connecting column 601 in a downward tilting manner, so that the impact force applied to the material distribution mechanism is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, the system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method further includes an ammonia processing unit 5, and the ammonia processing unit 5 is respectively communicated with the tail gas outlet of the dryer 2 and the tail gas outlet of the melting furnace 10.
The ammonia gas generated by the drying unit and the calcining unit can be discharged into the ammonia processing unit 5 in time, the ammonia processing unit 5 processes the ammonia gas, the environmental pollution caused by the direct emission of flue gas is avoided, and meanwhile, the influence on the production efficiency caused by the reduction of hydrogen generated by the decomposition of the ammonia gas in the calcining furnace 6 into low-price vanadium is also avoided.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the ammonia treatment unit 5 comprises a decomposition furnace 508, a cooling module 509 and a purification module connected in series, wherein the feed inlets of the decomposition furnace 508 are respectively communicated with the dryer 2 and the calciner 6.
In this embodiment, the ammonia gas in the dryer 2 enters the decomposing furnace 508 and is decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen by high-temperature catalysis, the decomposed hydrogen and nitrogen enter the cooling assembly 509 for cooling, and then enter the purifying assembly to remove moisture and residual ammonia gas. This structure can be decomposed the ammonia for hydrogen and nitrogen gas to carry out purification treatment to the hydrogen that produces, in order to utilize hydrogen, realized the make full use of the energy, also avoided the direct pollution that discharges the environment and cause of ammonia simultaneously.
Optionally, the calciner 6, the third dust removal device and the decomposing furnace 508 are sequentially connected in series along the material flow direction, hot gas in the calciner 6 is firstly subjected to dust removal through the third dust removal device and then introduced into the decomposing furnace 508 to decompose ammonia gas contained in the calciner 6, so that the influence of impurities in the calciner 6 entering the decomposing furnace 508 on the decomposition efficiency of the ammonia gas is avoided.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, decomposition furnace 508 includes a housing 5081, an inner liner 5084, and a plurality of heating tubes 5083, with a housing 5081 having a cavity 5082 therein; the inner liner 5084 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 5082, and a heating space is formed between the outer wall of the inner liner 5084 and the accommodating cavity 5082; the plurality of heating pipes 5083 are disposed in the heating space, and the plurality of heating pipes 5083 are disposed around the outside of the liner 5084.
The heating efficiency of the lining 5084 can be improved by the aid of the plurality of annularly-arranged heating pipes 5083, and the lining 5084 and the heating pipes 5083 are arranged in the shell 5081, so that heat loss can be avoided, and energy consumption is reduced.
Specifically, the housing 5081 has a heat insulating structure.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the purification assembly includes a first purification tank 5010 and a second purification tank 5011 in parallel with each other.
The cooled gas in this example contains a part of moisture and residual ammonia gas, and the moisture and ammonia gas contained in the gas are removed by the first purification tank 5010 and the second purification tank 5011. The first and second purification tanks 5010 and 5011 are connected in parallel to purify the gas separately, and when one of them fails, the other can purify the gas normally without stopping the whole system, thereby avoiding the influence on the normal production.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, the ammonia processing unit 5 comprises a tower 501, a spray assembly and a filter assembly 503, wherein the tower 501 has an air inlet at the lower part and an air outlet at the top part; the spray assembly is arranged at the upper part of the tower body 501 and is used for spraying liquid into the tower body 501; the filter assembly 503 is disposed below the shower assembly.
Flue gas and/or steam pass through the air inlet and get into in the tower body 501, and the large granule impurity that it contains is blockked in filter assembly 503 below when upwards passing through filter assembly 503, and the gas through filter assembly 503 continues the upflow and fully reacts with the liquid that spray assembly jetted, decomposes the ammonia, obtains comparatively pure gas, can directly discharge.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, the spray assembly includes a guide cylinder 502, a guide plate 505 and a spray pipe 504, the guide cylinder 502 is connected to the side wall of the tower body 501, and the guide cylinder 502 is a conical cylindrical member with a diameter increasing from top to bottom; the guide plate 505 is spirally arranged in the guide cylinder 502, the outer edge of the guide plate 505 is connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder 502, and the guide plate 505 is used for enabling the flue gas and the liquid sprayed by the spraying assembly to form rotational flow; a shower 504 is provided on the top of the guide cylinder 502 for spraying liquid into the guide cylinder 502.
After passing through the filter assembly 503, the flue gas and/or the steam enters the guide cylinder 502 from the bottom of the guide cylinder 502, and flows along the guide plate 505 in the guide cylinder 502 to form a rotational flow, meanwhile, the liquid sprayed by the spray pipe 504 also flows into the guide cylinder 502, and flows downwards under the action of the guide plate 505 to form a rotational flow, and the ammonia in the flue gas or the steam and the liquid fully react in the guide cylinder 502 to decompose and convert the ammonia, thereby improving the conversion efficiency. The treated flue gas and/or steam flows out of the guide cylinder 502 and flows out of an air outlet at the top of the tower body 501. The conical cylinder structure enables the flue gas to form larger air pressure when being close to the top of the guide cylinder 502, so that the gas can conveniently flow out of the guide cylinder 502.
Optionally, the bottom of the guide cylinder 502 is connected to the side wall of the tower body 501, so that the filtered flue gas or steam completely enters the guide cylinder 502.
Optionally, the liquid sprayed into the tower 501 by the spray pipe 504 is an acidic solution.
Specifically, the spray assembly further comprises a delivery pipe 506 disposed outside the tower body 501, and two ends of the delivery pipe 506 are respectively communicated with the spray pipe 504 and the liquid storage tank.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the melting furnace 10 includes a furnace body, the furnace body forms a feeding portion 1001, a preheating portion 1002, a melting portion 1003, a cooling portion 1004, and a discharging portion 1005 which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a feeding hole is formed at the top of the feeding portion 1001, a material baffle 1009 is arranged between the melting portion 1003 and the cooling portion 1004, a material passing hole 1010 is formed on the material baffle 1009, the material passing hole 1010 can allow liquid vanadium pentoxide to pass through, and a discharging hole is formed at the bottom of the discharging portion 1005.
The vanadium pentoxide opening enters the furnace body, is preheated through the preheating part 1002, then moves downwards to sequentially pass through the melting part 1003, the cooling part 1004 and the blanking part, the temperature in the melting part 1003 is highest, so that the solid vanadium pentoxide is melted into liquid, the baffle plate 1009 prevents the solid vanadium pentoxide from flowing to the cooling part 1004, so that the vanadium pentoxide is fully remained and melted in the melting part 1003, then enters the cooling part 1004 for cooling, and finally is discharged out of the furnace body through the blanking part. This structure can make vanadic anhydride fully melt in melting furnace 10, avoids the outside loss that gives off of heat of melting portion 1003, simultaneously, can make the preliminary cooling of the required energy of consuming of subsequent cooling solidification by cooling portion 1004.
It should be noted that the cooling portion 1004 only primarily cools the liquid vanadium pentoxide without heating, and the vanadium pentoxide is still kept in a liquid state in the cooling portion 1004.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the melting furnace 10 further includes a gas duct 1008, a gas pipe 1006 and a circulation pipe 1007, the gas duct 1008 is disposed around the top of the cooling portion 1004, and the gas duct 1008 is provided with an air inlet for collecting high temperature gas; the gas pipe 1006 is annularly arranged at the top of the melting part 1003, and the gas pipe 1006 is provided with a gas outlet downwards, and the gas outlet is used for conveying gas into the melting part 1003; the circulating pipe 1007 is arranged on the outer side of the furnace body, the air inlet end of the circulating pipe 1007 is communicated with the air guide pipe 1008, and the air outlet end of the circulating pipe 1007 is communicated with the melting part 1003 and used for conveying high-temperature gas in the air guide pipe 1008 into the melting part 1003.
Vanadium pentoxide exchanges heat with gas in the cooling part 1004 to raise the temperature in the cooling part 1004, high-temperature gas enters the gas guide pipe 1008 from the gas inlet and is conveyed to the melting part 1003 through the circulating pipe 1007, the gas pipe 1006 conveys gas into the melting part 1003, the ignited gas raises the temperature in the melting part 1003, and the high-temperature gas conveyed to the melting part 1003 by the circulating pipe 1007 is beneficial to keeping a high-temperature environment of the melting part 1003, so that the gas input amount is reduced, the energy is saved, the energy waste caused by directly discharging the high-temperature gas out of the furnace body is avoided, and the environmental pollution is also avoided.
The air guide pipes 1008 arranged in a surrounding manner can increase the arrangement number of air inlet holes, so that high-temperature gas in the cooling part 1004 can quickly enter the air guide pipes 1008; and the gas pipe 1006 that encircles can be even to the transport gas in the melting portion 1003, and the temperature is even in the assurance melting portion 1003. The preheating part 1002 is arranged above the melting part 1003, and high-temperature gas in the melting part 1003 enters the preheating part 1002 to raise the temperature of the preheating part 1002, so that vanadium pentoxide can be preheated, and heat loss caused by the fact that hot gas is discharged from the top of the furnace body is avoided.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 2, the gas pipe 1006 extends from the outside of the furnace body into the furnace body and then is connected end to form a ring, and the part of the gas pipe 1006 extending out of the furnace body is connected with gas equipment.
Specifically, the air duct 1008 is disposed on the top of the cooling portion 1004, the upper portion of the cooling portion 1004 is close to the melting portion 1003, the temperature is high, and the hot air flows upward, and the air duct 1008 is disposed on the upper portion of the cooling portion 1004 to facilitate guiding the hot air out of the cooling portion 1004.
Specifically, the gas pipe 1006 is arranged at the top of the melting part 1003, and the gas outlet end of the circulating pipe 1007 is arranged at the lower part of the gas pipe 1006. The end of giving vent to anger leads to the hot gas with melting portion 1003, and hot gas meets with the gas, is favorable to the gas abundant burning.
Optionally, the discharging part 1005 and the water-cooling disc sheet casting machine are cooled by the vanadium pentoxide liquid, so that the water-cooling disc sheet casting machine is prevented from consuming a large amount of energy to cool the disc sheet casting machine, and the production cost is reduced.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the circulation pipe 1007 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of circulation pipes 1007 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the furnace body.
The circulation pipes 1007 symmetrically arranged in this embodiment uniformly convey the high-temperature gas in the gas guide pipe 1008 into the melting part 1003, so that the temperature in the melting part 1003 is kept uniform, and the pellets are prevented from being damaged due to nonuniform heating in the melting part 1003.
Alternatively, referring to the figure, four circulation pipes 1007 are provided, symmetrically arranged along the axis of the furnace body.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the melting portion 1003 has a cylindrical upper portion and a tapered lower portion with an inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the baffle 1009 is disposed at a bottom end of the tapered structure.
The upper part of the melting part 1003 is of a cylindrical structure, so that a sufficient melting space can be provided for vanadium pentoxide, and the lower part of the melting part 1003 is of a gradually reduced inner diameter, so that heat exchange generated between the melting part 1003 and the cooling part 1004 can be reduced, the heat loss of the melting part 1003 is reduced, and the cooling part 1004 is also kept in a cooling state.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the inner diameter of the preheating part 1002 gradually increases from top to bottom.
The inner diameter of the preheating part 1002 gradually shrinks to prevent the heat in the preheating part 1002 from being dissipated outwards to cause heat loss. The large inner diameter of the bottom of the preheating part 1002 facilitates the vanadium pentoxide to enter the melting furnace 10, and the vanadium pentoxide is prevented from accumulating in the preheating part 1002 to affect the production efficiency.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method is characterized by comprising a drying unit, a calcining unit and a melting unit;
the drying unit comprises a feeder, a dryer, a first dust removal device and a first storage device which are sequentially connected in series along the material flow direction; the calcining unit comprises a calcining furnace communicated with a discharge hole of the first storage device; the melting unit comprises a melting furnace communicated with the discharge port of the calcining furnace.
2. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method according to claim 1, wherein the melting unit further comprises a settling tank and an air mixing tank, an inlet of the settling tank is communicated with a tail gas outlet of the melting furnace, and an air inlet of the dryer is communicated with an outlet of the settling tank through the air mixing tank.
3. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method according to claim 1, wherein the calcining unit further comprises a second dust removing device and a second storage device, and the calcining furnace, the second dust removing device, the second storage device and the melting furnace are sequentially connected in series along the material flow direction.
4. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method according to claim 3, wherein a heat exchanger is further arranged between the calcining furnace and the second dust removing device, a feed inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an air outlet of the calcining furnace, and a discharge outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with a feed inlet of the second dust removing device.
5. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method according to claim 1, wherein a distributor is arranged in the calciner, the distributor comprises a connecting column and a plurality of distributing mechanisms radially and at intervals distributed on the periphery of the connecting column, the connecting column is connected with the main body of the calciner, the distributing mechanisms comprise a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the connecting column, a plurality of connecting plates are arranged between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate at intervals along the radial direction of the connecting column, and a material guiding channel is formed between the plurality of connecting plates.
6. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method according to claim 1, wherein the melting furnace comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is provided with a feeding part, a preheating part, a melting part, a cooling part and a discharging part which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a feeding hole is formed in the top of the feeding part, a material baffle plate is arranged between the melting part and the cooling part, material passing holes are formed in the material baffle plate and can allow liquid vanadium pentoxide to pass through, and a discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the discharging part.
7. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide according to the three-step method of claim 6, wherein the melting furnace further comprises:
the air guide pipe is annularly arranged at the top of the cooling part, and an air inlet hole for collecting high-temperature gas is formed in the air guide pipe;
the gas pipe is annularly arranged at the top of the melting part, and is downwards provided with a gas outlet hole which is used for conveying gas into the melting part; and
the circulating pipe is arranged on the outer side of the furnace body, the air inlet end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the air guide pipe, and the air outlet end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the melting part.
8. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method according to claim 7, wherein the circulating pipes are provided in plurality and are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the furnace body.
9. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method according to claim 6, wherein the upper part of the melting part is of a cylindrical structure, the lower part of the melting part is of a conical structure with the inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the baffle plate is arranged at the bottom end of the conical structure.
10. The system for preparing vanadium pentoxide by the three-step method according to claim 1, further comprising an ammonia treatment unit, wherein the ammonia treatment unit is respectively communicated with a tail gas outlet of the dryer and a tail gas outlet of the melting furnace.
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| CN210089394U (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-02-18 | 承德燕北冶金材料有限公司 | Melting furnace |
| CN210286781U (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-04-10 | 淄博市博山万通机械厂 | High-purity vanadium pentoxide apparatus for producing |
| CN211170484U (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-08-04 | 德安县源丰钙业有限公司 | Lime kiln distributing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202543289U (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-11-21 | 安徽盛博冶金环保科技有限公司 | Device for extracting vanadium by three-step method |
| CN208414466U (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-01-22 | 康书信 | A kind of distributing device of the direct blast furnace ironmaking of Iron concentrate |
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