CN114535277A - Application of iron-containing steel slag combined thermal desorption technology in remediation of phthalate-polluted soil and remediation method thereof - Google Patents
Application of iron-containing steel slag combined thermal desorption technology in remediation of phthalate-polluted soil and remediation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114535277A CN114535277A CN202210218722.9A CN202210218722A CN114535277A CN 114535277 A CN114535277 A CN 114535277A CN 202210218722 A CN202210218722 A CN 202210218722A CN 114535277 A CN114535277 A CN 114535277A
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- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
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- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal desorption remediation of Phthalate (PAEs) contaminated soil, and discloses application of a steel slag-containing combined thermal desorption technology in remediation of phthalate contaminated soil and a remediation method thereof. The method mainly comprises three steps of soil pretreatment, soil modification and thermal desorption treatment of the contaminated soil. According to the invention, the iron-containing steel slag is added into the phthalate polluted soil for modification treatment, and thermal desorption repair is carried out in an anaerobic environment, so that the phthalate removal efficiency is improved, the thermal desorption repair cost is reduced, and the method has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal desorption remediation of Phthalate (PAEs) contaminated soil, in particular to application of a combined thermal desorption technology of iron-containing steel slag in remediation of phthalate contaminated soil and a remediation method thereof.
Background
Phthalates (PAEs) are a class of plasticizers widely used in the production and processing of polymers to enhance flexibility of plastics, and the like. PAEs mainly include di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP). Among them, DEHP is one of the most widely used plasticizers in PAEs. Since the PAEs are not chemically bonded to the polymer matrix but physically bonded, the PAEs are directly or indirectly transferred to the surrounding environment during the manufacturing, using and discarding processes of the plastic products and are collected in the soil. PAEs, as an endocrine disrupter, have oxidative stress, metabolic disorders, immunosuppression, and carcinogenesis. PAEs continue to accumulate in the soil and are transferred through the food chain, posing potential risks to human health and the ecosystem. Therefore, the method has important practical significance for the restoration treatment of PAEs polluted soil.
At present, the repairing method for PAEs contaminated soil mainly comprises the following steps: physical repair (leaching, extraction, solvent extraction, etc.), chemical repair (fenton, fenton-like oxidation, etc.), biological repair (phytoremediation, microbial repair, etc.). Among them, the ex-situ thermal desorption method is a commonly used physical remediation method, in which pollutants are separated from soil by direct or indirect heating under vacuum or by introducing carrier gas such as nitrogen. The ex-situ thermal desorption has the advantages of wide application range, short treatment period and high removal efficiency, but the technology has low energy utilization rate and the high temperature is destructive to soil, which influences the application range of thermal desorption. Currently, it has become a development trend of the technology to add synergistic materials to enhance the thermal desorption effect and reduce the repair cost in the thermal desorption repair process.
The iron-containing steel slag is a byproduct in the steel production process, mainly generated by different dust removal and wastewater treatment processes, and Fe2O3The content is higher. The iron-containing steel slag has large production amount but low utilization rate, and belongs to waste in the steel industry. Therefore, the development of iron-containing steel slag for synergistic treatment of PAEs-polluted soil becomes an urgent need in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an application of a ferrous steel slag combined thermal desorption technology in remediation of phthalate-polluted soil and a remediation method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the existing ex-situ thermal desorption method for treating phthalate-polluted soil is low in energy utilization rate and the soil is damaged by high temperature, and solve the problems that the existing ferrous steel slag is large in production amount and low in utilization rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an application of a ferrous steel slag combined thermal desorption technology in remediation of phthalate-polluted soil.
The invention also provides a method for restoring phthalate-polluted soil by combining the iron-containing steel slag with a thermal desorption technology, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing the iron-containing steel slag with the pretreated phthalate-polluted soil to obtain modified soil;
step S2: and carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the modified soil to obtain the restored soil.
Preferably, in step S1, the preprocessing includes the following steps: and (3) sequentially crushing, grinding and screening the phthalate polluted soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to obtain the pretreated phthalate polluted soil.
Preferably, the grain size of the pretreated phthalate ester polluted soil is not less than 10 meshes, and the soil water content of the pretreated phthalate ester polluted soil is 2-10%.
Preferably, in step S1, the steel slag contains Fe2O3The content of the steel slag is 20-80%, and the addition amount of the iron-containing steel slag is 1-2% of the mass of the pretreated phthalate-polluted soil.
Preferably, in step S1, the mixing is performed by stirring at a rotation speed of 30 to 50 r/min.
Preferably, in step S2, the thermal desorption process is performed under a protective gas atmosphere at a flow rate of 200 to 400 mL/min.
Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature of the thermal desorption treatment is 150 to 300 ℃, and the time of the thermal desorption treatment is 20 to 30 min.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, a certain amount of iron-containing steel slag is added into the phthalate-polluted soil to modify the polluted soil, so that the thermal desorption removal rate of the phthalate is improved, and compared with the method only adopting an ex-situ thermal desorption technology, the method can effectively reduce the thermal desorption temperature and reduce the energy input; meanwhile, the invention also has the characteristics of high restoration efficiency, small soil destructiveness and the like;
(2) in the thermal desorption repairing process of the polluted soil, the iron-containing steel slag is used as a thermal desorption additive and contains Fe2O3The thermal conductivity coefficient of the soil can be improved, and the mass transfer and heat transfer of the soil are promoted, so that the thermal desorption removal of the phthalic acid ester is accelerated, and the repair period is shortened. In addition, compared with the method only adopting an ex-situ thermal desorption technology, the method can achieve the same repairing effect at a lower thermal desorption temperature after the iron-containing steel slag is added, and reduces the repairing cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for repairing phthalate-contaminated soil by using the iron-containing steel slag combined thermal desorption technology of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the influence of the change in the amount of iron-containing steel slag on the removal efficiency of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate when the thermal desorption treatment is carried out for 20min in the method for remedying phthalate-contaminated soil using iron-containing steel slag in combination with thermal desorption technology of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the change of thermal desorption treatment time on the removal efficiency of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate when 1% of iron-containing steel slag is added in the method for remedying phthalate-contaminated soil by using the iron-containing steel slag combined thermal desorption technology of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an application of a ferrous steel slag combined thermal desorption technology in remediation of phthalate-polluted soil.
The invention also provides a method for restoring phthalate-polluted soil by combining the iron-containing steel slag with a thermal desorption technology, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing the iron-containing steel slag with the pretreated phthalate-polluted soil to obtain modified soil;
step S2: and carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the modified soil to obtain the restored soil.
In the present invention, in the step S1, the preprocessing includes the following steps: and (3) sequentially crushing, grinding and screening the phthalate polluted soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to obtain the pretreated phthalate polluted soil.
In the invention, the grain size of the pretreated phthalate ester polluted soil is preferably not less than 10 meshes, and more preferably not less than 16 meshes.
In the invention, the water content of the soil polluted by the pretreated phthalate is preferably 2-10%, and more preferably 5-8%.
In the present invention, in the step S1, Fe of the iron-containing steel slag2O3The content is preferably 20-80%, and more preferably 30-50%; the addition amount of the iron-containing steel slag is preferably 1-2% of the mass of the pretreated phthalate-polluted soil, and more preferably 1-1.5% of the mass of the pretreated phthalate-polluted soil.
In the present invention, in the step S1, the mixing is performed by stirring, and the stirring rotation speed is preferably 30 to 50r/min, and more preferably 35 to 40 r/min.
In the present invention, in the step S2, the thermal desorption treatment is performed in a protective gas atmosphere, and a flow rate of the protective gas is preferably 200 to 400mL/min, and more preferably 250 to 300 mL/min;
in the present invention, the protective gas is preferably nitrogen or hydrogen, and more preferably nitrogen.
In the present invention, in the step S2, the temperature of the thermal desorption treatment is preferably 150 to 300 ℃, and more preferably 200 to 250 ℃; the time for the thermal desorption treatment is preferably 20 to 30min, and more preferably 25 min.
In the invention, the thermal desorption treatment is carried out in a tubular furnace, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: before heating, protective gas carrier gas is firstly opened to ensure that the inside of the tubular furnace is maintained in an oxygen-free environment; and adding the modified soil into a tubular furnace for thermal desorption treatment, and continuously introducing nitrogen in the thermal desorption treatment process.
In the invention, the selection and the addition amount of the iron-containing steel slag are very key to the improvement of the thermal desorption effect of the phthalate. On one hand, the selection and the addition of the steel slag can influence the heat transfer and mass transfer effects of the soil and indirectly influence the repair cost; on the other hand, the steel slag type affects the soil heat transfer efficiency. The higher the thermal conductivity of the soil, the lower the required effective thermal desorption temperature, the less energy input, and the less destructive to the soil structure and ecosystem.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, the preparation of phthalate-contaminated soil used comprises the following steps:
0.3g of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is weighed into a glass beaker containing 100mL of acetone, the solution is poured into 1kg of soil after being fully stirred, and the soil is placed into a fume hood for a soil aging test after being uniformly stirred, wherein the aging time is 1 month.
The steel slag containing iron used in the examples is LT ash provided by certain iron and steel enterprises, and Fe thereof2O3The content range is 20-80%.
Example 1
(1) Air-drying the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate polluted soil, adjusting to obtain soil with the water content of 3%, crushing, grinding, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a spare soil sample;
(2) adding LT ash into the spare soil sample to perform soil sample modification treatment, wherein the adding amount of the LT ash is 2 wt% of the mass of the spare soil sample, and after the LT ash is added, stirring the mixture in a turnover oscillator at the stirring speed of 30r/min to obtain modified soil;
(3) and carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the modified soil at the temperature of 200 ℃, wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 200mL/min, and cooling to room temperature after 20min of thermal desorption treatment to obtain the repaired soil.
Example 2
(1) Air-drying the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate polluted soil, adjusting to obtain soil with the water content of 3%, crushing, grinding, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a spare soil sample;
(2) adding LT ash into the spare soil sample to perform soil sample modification treatment, wherein the adding amount of the LT ash is 1 wt% of the mass of the spare soil sample, and after the LT ash is added, stirring the mixture in a turnover oscillator at the stirring speed of 30r/min to obtain modified soil;
(3) and carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the modified soil at the temperature of 200 ℃, wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 200mL/min, and cooling to room temperature after carrying out thermal desorption treatment for 30min to obtain the repaired soil.
Example 3
(1) Air-drying the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate polluted soil, adjusting to obtain soil with the water content of 3%, crushing, grinding, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a spare soil sample;
(2) adding LT ash into the spare soil sample to perform soil sample modification treatment, wherein the adding amount of the LT ash is 1.5 wt% of the mass of the spare soil sample, and stirring the mixture in a turnover oscillator at the stirring speed of 30r/min to obtain modified soil;
(3) and carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the modified soil at 250 ℃, wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 200mL/min, and cooling to room temperature after 20min of thermal desorption treatment to obtain the repaired soil.
Comparative example 1
(1) Air-drying the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate polluted soil, adjusting to obtain soil with the water content of 3%, crushing, grinding, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a spare soil sample;
(2) and (3) carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the spare soil sample at 150 ℃, wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 200mL/min, and cooling to room temperature after 20min of thermal desorption treatment to obtain the restored soil.
Comparative example 2
(1) Air-drying the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate polluted soil, adjusting to obtain soil with the water content of 3%, crushing, grinding, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a spare soil sample;
(2) adding LT ash into the spare soil sample for soil sample modification treatment, wherein the adding amount of the LT ash is 0.5 wt% of the mass of the spare soil sample, and stirring in a turnover oscillator at the stirring speed of 30r/min to obtain modified soil;
(3) and carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the modified soil at the temperature of 200 ℃, wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 200mL/min, and cooling to room temperature after 20min of thermal desorption treatment to obtain the repaired soil.
Comparative example 3
(1) Air-drying the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate polluted soil, adjusting to obtain soil with the water content of 3%, crushing, grinding, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a spare soil sample;
(2) adding LT ash into the spare soil sample to perform soil sample modification treatment, wherein the adding amount of the LT ash is 1 wt% of the mass of the spare soil sample, and after the LT ash is added, stirring the mixture in a turnover oscillator at the stirring speed of 30r/min to obtain modified soil;
(3) and carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the modified soil at the temperature of 200 ℃, wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 200mL/min, and cooling to room temperature after 10min of thermal desorption treatment to obtain the repaired soil.
Comparative example 4
(1) Air-drying the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate polluted soil, adjusting to obtain soil with the water content of 3%, crushing, grinding, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a spare soil sample;
(2) and (3) carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the soil at 250 ℃, wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 200mL/min, and cooling to room temperature after 20min of thermal desorption treatment to obtain the repaired soil.
Comparative example 5
(1) Air-drying the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate polluted soil, adjusting to obtain soil with the water content of 3%, crushing, grinding, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a spare soil sample;
(2) adding LT ash into the spare soil sample for soil sample modification treatment, wherein the adding amount of the LT ash is 0.5 wt% of the mass of the spare soil sample, and stirring in a turnover oscillator at the stirring speed of 30r/min to obtain modified soil;
(3) and carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the modified soil at 150 ℃, wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 200mL/min, and cooling to room temperature after 20min of thermal desorption treatment to obtain the repaired soil.
The results of measurement of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in the soil after remediation obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5 are shown in tables 1 and 2.
The determination method comprises the following steps: PAEs were determined using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) under the following instrument test conditions: the sample injection amount is 1.0 mu L each time, and the flow is not divided; chromatographic conditions are as follows: sample inlet temperature: 250 ℃; gas flow rate: 1.5 mL/min; column temperature: keeping at 80 deg.C for 1 min; the temperature was raised to 180 ℃ at a rate of 20 ℃/min, then to 280 ℃ at a rate of 10 ℃/min, and held for 2 min. Mass spectrum conditions: an electron impact source (EI); ion source temperature: 230 ℃; ionization energy: 70 eV; interface temperature: 280 ℃; temperature of the quadrupole rods: 150 ℃; mass scan range: 35u-450 u; the data acquisition mode is as follows: full scan mode.
TABLE 1 removal rates of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in the soil after remediation obtained in examples 1 to 3
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| Removal rate (%) of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | 89.90 | 91.37 | 91.89 |
TABLE 2 removal rate of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in soil after remediation obtained in comparative examples 1 to 5
In example 1, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate contaminated soil was modified with 2% iron-containing steel slag (LT ash) as a modifying material, and thermal desorption remediation treatment was performed. Compared with the experimental conditions in comparative example 2, the LT ash addition was increased from 0.5% to 2% and the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate removal was increased from 76.25% to 89.90% with a 17.90% increase in removal at the same temperature and time. Comparison of the experimental results of comparative example 2 and comparative example 5 shows that the thermal desorption temperature increases from 150 ℃ to 200 ℃ and the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate removal increases from 9.74% to 76.25% and the removal increases by 472.58% under the same thermal desorption time and LT ash addition. The results of this experiment and the results shown in fig. 1 show that the influence of temperature change on the thermal desorption results is more significant than the change in the LT ash addition amount, and the above conclusion can also be obtained from the comparison of the experimental results of comparative example 1 and comparative example 4.
In example 2 and comparative example 3, thermal desorption remediation treatment is performed on di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate contaminated soil at the same temperature and with different thermal desorption times under the condition of the addition amount of iron-containing steel slag (LT ash). Compared with comparative example 3, the removal rate of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is increased from 35.11% to 91.37% and the removal rate is increased by 160.24% with the increase of thermal desorption time. The results of the relevant experiments are shown in FIG. 2. The results of this experiment were compared with the corresponding thermal desorption results of the above-mentioned change in temperature and amount of LT ash added, and the results show: the influence degree of the three factors of temperature, time and LT ash addition quantity on thermal desorption is ranked from large to small as follows: temperature > time > LT ash addition amount. The LT ash mainly has the effect of improving the heat and mass transfer effect on the surface of soil in the thermal desorption treatment process, and in the initial stage of contaminated soil heat transfer, pollutant molecules on the surface of soil particles are firstly removed by heating, while the pollutant molecules in the particles are limited by the heat and mass transfer, so that the good phthalate removal effect can be achieved by strictly controlling the temperature and time.
In example 3, 1.5% iron-containing steel slag (LT ash) is used as a modifying material to modify di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate contaminated soil, and thermal desorption remediation treatment is performed. Compared with the effect of the thermal desorption experiment without adding LT ash in the comparative example 4, the removal rate of the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is increased from 79.85% to 91.89% and the removal rate is improved by 15.08% under the same temperature and time.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An application of a ferrous steel slag combined thermal desorption technology in repairing phthalate polluted soil.
2. A method for restoring phthalate polluted soil by combining iron-containing steel slag with a thermal desorption technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: mixing the iron-containing steel slag and the pretreated phthalate-polluted soil to obtain modified soil;
step S2: and carrying out thermal desorption treatment on the modified soil to obtain the restored soil.
3. The method for remediating phthalate-contaminated soil by using iron-containing steel slag in combination with thermal desorption technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pretreatment in step S1 comprises the following steps: and (3) sequentially crushing, grinding and screening the phthalate polluted soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to obtain the pretreated phthalate polluted soil.
4. The method for repairing phthalate-contaminated soil by using the iron-containing steel slag and the thermal desorption technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein the grain size of the pretreated phthalate-contaminated soil is not less than 10 meshes, and the water content of the pretreated phthalate-contaminated soil is 2-10%.
5. The method for remediating phthalate-contaminated soil using the iron-containing steel slag combined with thermal desorption technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S1, Fe in the iron-containing steel slag2O3The content of the steel slag is 20-80%, and the addition amount of the iron-containing steel slag is 1-2% of the mass of the pretreated phthalate-polluted soil.
6. The method for repairing phthalate-contaminated soil by using iron-containing steel slag through a thermal desorption technology in combination with any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein in the step S1, the mixing is performed in a stirring manner, and the stirring speed is 30 to 50 r/min.
7. The method for repairing phthalate-contaminated soil by using the iron-containing steel slag and the thermal desorption technology according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the thermal desorption treatment is performed in a protective gas atmosphere, and the flow rate of the protective gas is 200-400 mL/min.
8. The method for repairing phthalate-contaminated soil according to the iron-containing steel slag and the thermal desorption technology, as claimed in claim 2 or 7, wherein in the step S2, the temperature of the thermal desorption treatment is 150 to 300 ℃, and the time of the thermal desorption treatment is 20 to 30 min.
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