CN114533246A - Broken nail extractor for orthopedic surgery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a broken nail extractor for bone surgery, which relates to the technical field of bone surgery and solves the problems that the existing broken nail extractor is limited by different operation modes of an operator in the practical application process, the bed area of a patient is enlarged due to hand trembling, the patient is inconvenient to repair and the affected limb cannot be quickly positioned and taken out when the broken nail is taken out, and the taking-out difficulty is increased, the broken nail extractor comprises a positioning mechanism which is provided with two positions in total, in the invention, a knob in a clamping mechanism is manually rotated, a rotating rod inserted in the inner side of a sleeve pipe drives a clamping gear arranged at the bottom side of the sleeve pipe to be meshed with a rotating ring arranged at the left side of the sleeve pipe to drive the clamping gear to be meshed with the rotating ring arranged at the left side of the sleeve pipe to carry out clamping operation on bone nails through four clamping jaws, and a motor can be restarted to carry out efficient taking-out operation on the bone nails after the clamping operation, thereby achieving the purpose of more practicability.

Description

Broken nail extractor for orthopedic surgery

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bone surgery, and particularly relates to a broken nail extractor for bone surgery.

Background

The bone surgery is a diagnosis and treatment subject of medical institutions, is a general term of trauma and spine surgery, and is a professional department for diagnosing and treating various types of severed fingers, severed palms, reimplantations with multi-finger separation, various types of flap transplantation, nerve repair, congenital malformations of limbs, brachial plexus nerve injury and nerve blocking pressure, the broken bones need to be fixed by screws, but the screws are corroded in a human body as time goes on, so that the broken bones are broken in the bones of the human body, and if the broken screws are not taken out, the continuous pain of a patient can be caused.

For example, application No.: CN201210570594.0, a broken nail extractor, which comprises a hollow trephine, a thread needle, a connecting rod, wherein the annular end of the head of the hollow trephine is provided with a plurality of end teeth, the rear part of each end tooth is provided with a spiral tooth, the center of each end tooth is provided with an inner hole of the trephine, the outer rear part of each end tooth is conical, and the rear end of each cone is provided with a drill bit type spiral groove; the rear part of the hollow trephine is provided with internal threads, a threaded needle is arranged in the hollow trephine, the front end of the threaded needle extends out of the inner hole of the trephine, and the rear end of the threaded needle is provided with a connecting rod. The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the head part has an alpha taper angle, so that the head part has no resistance when the bone around the broken nail is drilled; 2. the head is provided with a plurality of end teeth, so that the head is sharper when a bone is drilled; 3. hollow trephines with different specification diameters are arranged according to different specifications of broken nails; 4. the rotation direction of the head groove is left-handed; 5. the tail thread is a left-handed thread, and the screwing direction of the tail thread is consistent with the drilling direction when the tail thread is matched with the thread needle and the connecting rod for use, so that the phenomenon that the connecting thread is loosened is avoided.

Based on the search of above-mentioned patent to and combine the equipment discovery among the prior art, above-mentioned equipment is when using, though can carry out the pull out of disconnected nail, nevertheless there is the direction of inserting because of disconnected nail and can cause the aversion along with the removal of time and patient in the practical application in-process, and then be subject to operator's operation mode difference and can not be convenient for follow-up the maintenance because of the area on bed that the hand trembles and increases patient when taking out disconnected nail, moreover can't carry out quick location and take out the operation to the affected limb, and then can increase and take out the degree of difficulty.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a broken nail extractor for bone surgery, which aims to solve the problems that the existing broken nail extractor is displaced along with the time lapse and the movement of a patient due to the insertion direction of a broken nail in the practical application process, so that the operation mode of an operator is limited when the broken nail is extracted, the bed area of the patient is enlarged due to hand trembling, the subsequent repair is inconvenient, the quick positioning and extraction operation of an affected limb cannot be performed, and the extraction difficulty is increased.

The invention relates to a broken nail extractor for orthopedic surgery, which is achieved by the following specific technical means:

the broken nail extractor for the orthopedic surgery comprises a positioning mechanism, an extracting mechanism and a clamping mechanism, wherein the positioning mechanism is provided with two positions, and the top end surfaces of the two positioning mechanisms are screwed with supporting mechanisms through bolts; the taking-out mechanism is arranged at the top end of the supporting mechanism, and a clamping mechanism is also arranged at the bottom side of the taking-out mechanism; the clamping mechanism is arranged at the right side position of the taking-out mechanism and is meshed with the clamping mechanism for transmission; the clamping mechanism comprises a sleeve, a rotating rod, a knob and a clamping gear, the rotating rod is inserted into the sleeve, the knob is installed on the top end face of the rotating rod, the clamping gear is installed at the bottom of the outer peripheral face of the rotating rod, and the clamping gear and a rotating ring on the left side are in meshing transmission in the installation state.

Furthermore, the positioning mechanism comprises a lantern ring, a rotating shaft and a fixing plate, wherein a cavity is formed in the inner side of the lantern ring, the lantern ring is provided with two positions, the two lantern rings are connected through the rotating shaft in a shaft coupling mode, the fixing plate is provided with two positions, one position of the fixing plate is internally provided with a cylinder, the other position of the fixing plate is internally provided with four circular through holes which are longitudinally arrayed and have the same size, and the rotating shaft is internally provided with a screw hole;

furthermore, the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting plate, a support and a bracket, wherein the left side and the right side of the inside of the supporting plate are longitudinally provided with two screw holes with the same size in an array mode, the inside of the supporting plate is provided with a through groove, the support is designed in a U-shaped structure, the support is fixedly connected to the top end face of the supporting plate, the bracket is designed in an L-shaped structure, the bracket is provided with two positions, the two positions are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the left side of the top end face of the support, and the supporting plate is screwed to the top end face of the lantern ring at the two positions through bolts in the installation state;

furthermore, the taking-out mechanism comprises a motor and a taking-out gear, an output shaft is mounted on the rear side of the motor, the motor is provided with the taking-out gear through the output shaft, and the motor is screwed on the front end face of the bracket on the front side through a bolt;

furthermore, the taking-out mechanism also comprises an upright post and a rack, the left end face of the upright post is provided with a section, the rack is arranged on the left end face of the upright post, the upright post and the rack are both positioned on the right side of the taking-out gear and are in meshed transmission with the taking-out gear through the rack, and the upright post is arranged at the left side position inside the bracket in the mounting state;

furthermore, the positioning mechanism also comprises a synchronous screw and guide wheels, the synchronous screw is screwed at the inner side positions of the two rotating shafts, the guide wheels are provided with twenty positions, wherein every ten guide wheels are in one group, and the two groups of guide wheels are respectively arranged at the inner positions of the cavities formed in the two lantern rings;

further, press from both sides and get mechanism including joint block, swivel and clamping jaw, the clamping jaw is equipped with everywhere altogether, and the clamping jaw of everywhere is the annular array setting to all set up screw thread on the outer peripheral face of clamping jaw of everywhere, the swivel is twisted and is connect the lateral surface position at the clamping jaw of everywhere, the top position at the swivel is installed to the joint block, and the swivel passes through the joint block under the installation state and installs the bottom face position at the stand.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the invention, the insertion amplitude of the two fixing plates can be adjusted according to the different body shapes of patients, and the fixing plates are screwed into the inner side positions of the two fixing plates through bolts for screwing, so as to fix the two lantern rings onto the affected limb of the patient for temporary storage, and the two positioning mechanisms can be screwed into the inner side positions of the two rotating shafts by using the synchronous screw rod and can be limited by the nut so as to sleeve the lantern rings in the two positioning mechanisms onto the legs of the patient for effective fixing operation, then the supporting plate in the supporting mechanism is screwed on the top end surfaces of the two lantern rings through bolts for fixing, and because the top end surface of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the U-shaped bracket, when the lantern rings in two positioning mechanisms need to be moved, the efficient movement positioning operation can be performed by slightly loosening the fixing plate to pass through the guide wheels installed inside the cavity opened inside the collar.

On the other hand, the accessible takes out the meshing transmission drive stand of gear and the rack of stand left side installation and carries to press from both sides the mechanism of getting to move down and contact with the bone nail, then through the knob among the manual rotation clamping mechanism, through pegging graft in the inboard bull stick of sleeve pipe drive its bottom side installation press from both sides the gear and the left swivel looks meshing transmission in order to press from both sides tight operation through four clamping jaws to the bone nail, and the accessible restart motor carries out the efficient operation of taking out to the bone nail after pressing from both sides tightly, and then reaches more practical purpose.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a right side view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a left side view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom side view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at a in fig. 1 according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure of fig. 2B according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the structure of fig. 4 at C according to the present invention.

In the drawings, the corresponding relationship between the component names and the reference numbers is as follows:

1. a positioning mechanism; 101. a collar; 102. a rotating shaft; 103. a fixing plate; 104. a synchronous screw; 105. a guide wheel; 2. a support mechanism; 201. a support plate; 202. a support; 203. a bracket; 3. a take-out mechanism; 301. a motor; 302. taking out the gear; 303. a column; 304. a rack; 4. a clamping mechanism; 401. a sleeve; 402. a rotating rod; 403. a knob; 404. clamping the gear; 5. a gripping mechanism; 501. connecting blocks; 502. rotating the ring; 503. a clamping jaw.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The embodiment is as follows:

as shown in figures 1 to 8:

the invention provides a broken nail extractor for bone surgery, comprising: the device comprises a positioning mechanism 1, a taking-out mechanism 3 and a clamping mechanism 4, wherein the positioning mechanism 1 is provided with two positions, and the top end surfaces of the two positioning mechanisms 1 are screwed with a supporting mechanism 2 through bolts; the taking-out mechanism 3 is arranged at the top end position of the supporting mechanism 2, and the bottom side of the taking-out mechanism 3 is also provided with a clamping mechanism 5; the clamping mechanism 4 is arranged at the right side position of the taking-out mechanism 3 and is meshed with the clamping mechanism 5 for transmission; the clamping mechanism 4 comprises a sleeve 401, a rotating rod 402, a knob 403 and a clamping gear 404, the rotating rod 402 is inserted into the sleeve 401, the knob 403 is installed on the top end face of the rotating rod 402, the clamping gear 404 is installed at the bottom position of the outer peripheral face of the rotating rod 402, and the clamping gear 404 is in meshing transmission with the rotating ring 502 on the left side in the installation state.

Wherein, positioning mechanism 1 is including lantern ring 101, pivot 102 and fixed plate 103, and the cavity has been seted up to the inboard of lantern ring 101, and lantern ring 101 is equipped with two altogether, and through pivot 102 looks coupling between the lantern ring 101 of two departments, and fixed plate 103 is equipped with two altogether, and a section of thick bamboo has been seted up to the inside of one of them fixed plate 103, and the inside of another fixed plate 103 is the circular through-hole of vertical array same size everywhere, and the screw has been seted up to the inside of pivot 102.

The positioning mechanism 1 further includes a synchronous screw 104 and guide wheels 105, the synchronous screw 104 is screwed to the inner side positions of the two rotating shafts 102, the guide wheels 105 are provided with twenty positions, wherein every ten guide wheels 105 form one group, and the two groups of guide wheels 105 are respectively installed at the inner positions of the cavities formed in the two lantern rings 101.

Wherein, the supporting mechanism 2 comprises a supporting plate 201, a bracket 202 and a bracket 203, the left and right sides of the inside of the supporting plate 201 are longitudinally provided with two screw holes with the same size in an array, a through groove is arranged in the inside of the supporting plate 201, the bracket 202 is designed in a U-shaped structure, the bracket 202 is fixedly connected with the top end surface position of the supporting plate 201, the bracket 203 is designed in an L-shaped structure, the bracket 203 is provided with two positions, the two positions of the bracket 203 are symmetrically and fixedly connected with the left side position of the top end surface of the bracket 202, the supporting plate 201 is screwed with the top end surface positions of two lantern rings 101 in the installation state, the supporting plate 201 in the supporting mechanism 2 is screwed with the top end surface positions of the two lantern rings 101 through bolts for fixing, and the U-shaped bracket 202 is fixedly connected with the top end surface of the supporting plate 201, therefore, when the lantern rings 101 in the two positioning mechanisms 1 need to be moved, the efficient movement positioning operation can be performed by slightly loosening the fixing plate 103 to pass the guide wheel 105 installed inside the cavity opened inside the collar 101.

The taking-out mechanism 3 includes a motor 301 and a taking-out gear 302, an output shaft is mounted on the rear side of the motor 301, the taking-out gear 302 is mounted on the motor 301 through the output shaft, and the motor 301 is screwed to the front end face of the bracket 203 on the front side through a bolt.

The taking-out mechanism 3 further comprises a stand column 303 and a rack 304, the section is formed in the left end face of the stand column 303, the rack 304 is installed on the left end face of the stand column 303, the stand column 303 and the rack 304 are located on the right side of the taking-out gear 302 and are in meshed transmission with the taking-out gear 302 through the rack 304, and the stand column 303 is installed at the left side of the inside of the support 202 in the installation state.

The clamping mechanism 5 comprises a connecting block 501, a rotating ring 502 and clamping jaws 503, the clamping jaws 503 are arranged at four positions in an annular array mode, threads are arranged on the outer peripheral surfaces of the clamping jaws 503 at four positions, the rotating ring 502 is screwed on the outer side surfaces of the clamping jaws 503 at four positions, the connecting block 501 is installed at the top end position of the rotating ring 502, and the rotating ring 502 is installed at the bottom end surface position of the upright post 303 through the connecting block 501 in the installation state.

When in use: firstly, two lantern rings 101 in the positioning mechanism 1 are unfolded through a rotating shaft 102 and then sleeved on the affected limb, then the insertion amplitude of two fixing plates 103 is adjusted according to the different body shapes of the patient, and the two fixing plates 103 are screwed into the inner side positions of the two fixing plates 103 through bolts for screwing, so that the two lantern rings 101 can be fixed on the affected limb of the patient for temporary storage, the two positioning mechanisms 1 can be screwed into the inner side positions of the two rotating shafts 102 through synchronous screws 104 and limited through nuts for sleeving the lantern rings 101 in the two positioning mechanisms 1 on the legs of the patient for effective fixing operation, then the supporting plate 201 in the supporting mechanism 2 is screwed on the top end surface positions of the two lantern rings 101 through bolts for fixing, and the top end surface of the supporting plate 201 is fixedly connected with a U-shaped bracket 202, so when the lantern rings 101 in the two positioning mechanisms 1 need to move, the efficient movement positioning operation can be performed by slightly loosening the fixing plate 103 to pass the guide wheel 105 installed inside the cavity opened inside the collar 101;

on the other hand, after the broken nail is found, the motor 301 in the taking-out mechanism 3 is started, the taking-out gear 302 is driven through the output shaft arranged at the rear side of the motor, the taking-out gear 302 is driven through the meshing transmission of the taking-out gear 302 and the rack 304 arranged at the left side of the upright column 303 to drive the upright column 303 to move downwards to be in contact with the bone nail by carrying the clamping mechanism 5, then the rotating rod 402 inserted in the sleeve 401 drives the clamping gear 404 arranged at the bottom side of the rotating rod to be meshed with the rotating ring 502 arranged at the left side of the rotating rod to drive the bone nail to be clamped through the four clamping jaws 503 by manually rotating the knob 403 in the clamping mechanism 4, and the motor 301 can be started again to carry out efficient taking-out operation on the bone nail after clamping, so that the purpose of more practicability is achieved.

The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Claims (7)

1. Disconnected nail extractor for orthopedic surgery, its characterized in that: the device comprises a positioning mechanism (1), a taking-out mechanism (3) and a clamping mechanism (4), wherein the positioning mechanism (1) is provided with two positions, and the top end surfaces of the two positioning mechanisms (1) are screwed with supporting mechanisms (2) through bolts; the taking-out mechanism (3) is arranged at the top end of the supporting mechanism (2), and the clamping mechanism (5) is further arranged at the bottom side of the taking-out mechanism (3); the clamping mechanism (4) is arranged at the right side position of the taking-out mechanism (3) and is meshed with the clamping mechanism (5) for transmission; the clamping mechanism (4) comprises a sleeve (401), a rotating rod (402), a knob (403) and a clamping gear (404), the rotating rod (402) is inserted into the sleeve (401), the knob (403) is installed on the top end face of the rotating rod (402), the clamping gear (404) is installed at the bottom of the outer peripheral face of the rotating rod (402), and the clamping gear (404) is in meshing transmission with the rotating ring (502) on the left side in the installation state.

2. A broken nail extractor for bone surgery as defined in claim 1, wherein: positioning mechanism (1) is including lantern ring (101), pivot (102) and fixed plate (103), the cavity has been seted up to the inboard of lantern ring (101), and lantern ring (101) are equipped with two altogether to through pivot (102) looks coupling between two lantern ring (101), fixed plate (103) are equipped with two altogether, and a department section of thick bamboo has been seted up to the inside of one of them fixed plate (103), and the inside of another department fixed plate (103) is the circular through-hole of vertical array same size everywhere, the screw has been seted up to the inside of pivot (102).

3. A broken nail extractor for bone surgery as defined in claim 2, wherein: the positioning mechanism (1) further comprises a synchronous screw (104) and guide wheels (105), the synchronous screw (104) is screwed at the inner side positions of the two rotating shafts (102), the guide wheels (105) are provided with twenty positions, wherein the guide wheels (105) at every ten positions are in one group, and the two groups of guide wheels (105) are respectively arranged at the inner positions of cavities formed in the two lantern rings (101).

4. A broken nail extractor for bone surgery as defined in claim 1, wherein: supporting mechanism (2) are including layer board (201), support (202) and bracket (203), the inside left and right sides of layer board (201) all is vertical array and has seted up the screw of two equidimensions, and the inside of layer board (201) has seted up logical groove, support (202) are U-shaped structural design, and support (202) fixed connection is in the top face position of layer board (201), bracket (203) are L-shaped structural design, and bracket (203) are equipped with two places altogether and are equipped with two places altogether to symmetrical fixed connection is in the top face left side position of support (202) in two places bracket (203), and layer board (201) passes through the bolt-up and connects the top face position at two places lantern ring (101) under the installation state.

5. A broken nail extractor for bone surgery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the taking-out mechanism (3) comprises a motor (301) and a taking-out gear (302), an output shaft is installed on the rear side of the motor (301), the taking-out gear (302) is installed on the motor (301) through the output shaft, and the motor (301) is screwed on the front end face of the bracket (203) located on the front side through bolts.

6. A broken nail extractor for bone surgery as defined in claim 5, wherein: the taking-out mechanism (3) further comprises an upright post (303) and a rack (304), the section is formed in the left end face of the upright post (303), the rack (304) is installed on the left end face of the upright post (303), the upright post (303) and the rack (304) are both located on the right side of the taking-out gear (302) and are in meshed transmission with the taking-out gear (302) through the rack (304), and the upright post (303) is installed at the inner left side position of the support (202) in the installation state.

7. A broken nail extractor for bone surgery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the clamping mechanism (5) comprises a connecting block (501), a rotating ring (502) and clamping jaws (503), wherein the clamping jaws (503) are arranged at four positions, the clamping jaws (503) at the four positions are arranged in an annular array, threads are arranged on the peripheral surfaces of the clamping jaws (503) at the four positions, the rotating ring (502) is screwed on the outer side surfaces of the clamping jaws (503) at the four positions, the connecting block (501) is arranged at the top end position of the rotating ring (502), and the rotating ring (502) is arranged at the bottom end surface position of the upright post (303) through the connecting block (501) in the installation state.

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