CN114531404A - Intelligent substation switch flow scheduling method and system based on TSN - Google Patents
Intelligent substation switch flow scheduling method and system based on TSN Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/62—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
- H04L47/625—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders
- H04L47/6275—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders based on priority
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
- H04L47/2425—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS for supporting services specification, e.g. SLA
- H04L47/2433—Allocation of priorities to traffic types
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/56—Queue scheduling implementing delay-aware scheduling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/16—Electric power substations
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for dispatching the flow of an intelligent substation switch based on a TSN (transient switching network), comprising the following steps of: establishing a switch flow scheduling mechanism based on the TSN characteristics; and based on the switch flow scheduling mechanism, the class of the intelligent substation service and the requirement of the intelligent substation service on time delay, carrying out bandwidth classification on the intelligent substation message flow to obtain the switch flow scheduling of the intelligent substation. The invention uses the time sensitive network for the intelligent substation, changes and optimizes the flow scheduling mechanism of the switch by means of the 802.1Qbv, 802.1Qbu and 802.3br protocols, not only greatly reduces the probability of congestion and collision of data packet transmission on a link, but also ensures the time sensitive flow to provide stable, reliable and low-delay service for the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a method and a system for intelligent substation switch flow scheduling based on a TSN.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the operation level of the modern communication network, the electric power communication network is gradually developed from the traditional fixed telephone communication into multimedia, big data and diversified comprehensive communication integrating audio, video and real-time data, which causes the contradiction between the exponential increase of the data flow and the real-time performance of service control information, and at the moment, the traditional Ethernet network can not completely meet the technical requirements in the field of the intelligent power grid; in an intelligent substation network, the intelligent substation network is mainly characterized in that IEC61850 standard design is adopted, and networking, digitalization and sharing of a communication platform are provided. At this time, the increase of the network data flow is inevitably increased, which may cause problems of network congestion, network storm, aggravation of delay jitter, and the like; many services of the intelligent substation have urgent requirements on transmission of control signaling and acquired data, such as low time delay jitter and low packet loss rate. The common practice of the existing transformer substation is to limit the bandwidth utilization rate to be below 30%, so that great waste is caused to resources.
The intelligent substation flow scheduling method aims at the problem that the transmission delay is increased due to the fact that the flow is increased in the intelligent substation flow scheduling, and the performance, the function and the reliability of the switch are higher in requirements. The invention provides a traffic scheduling method based on a TSN (Time-Sensitive Networking) protocol standard, which can greatly reduce the probability of congestion and collision of data packet transmission on a link by means of 802.1Qbv, 802.1Qbu and 802.3br technologies, can ensure that Time-Sensitive traffic provides stable, reliable and low-delay service for a power grid, provides a network reconstruction idea with TSN technical characteristics by combining the existing intelligent substation Networking, and provides a reference scheme for subsequent actual TSN technical test points and equipment deployment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a TSN-based intelligent substation switch flow scheduling method and system, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and scheduling data link layer flow through a TSN technology in order to solve the contradiction between data flow increase and control information real-time performance in an intelligent substation.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for scheduling traffic of an intelligent substation switch based on a TSN, including the following steps:
establishing a switch flow scheduling mechanism based on the TSN characteristics;
and based on the switch flow scheduling mechanism, the class of the intelligent substation service and the requirement of the intelligent substation service on time delay, performing bandwidth classification on the intelligent substation message flow to obtain intelligent substation switch flow scheduling.
Optionally, the switch traffic scheduling mechanism includes: a traffic queuing mechanism and a frame preemption mechanism.
Optionally, the method for establishing the traffic queuing mechanism includes: based on the 802.1Qbv protocol, the queuing flow is controlled by controlling the switch of the gate at the outlet of the switch, and a flow queuing mechanism is obtained.
Optionally, the method for establishing the frame preemption mechanism includes: based on 802.1Qbu protocol and 802.3br protocol, the priority level of traffic in a transmission channel is divided to obtain a frame preemption mechanism.
Optionally, the method for prioritizing the traffic in the transmission channel includes:
dividing the Ethernet frame of the flow into a high-priority frame and a low-priority frame;
if the low-priority frame is transmitted when the high-priority frame arrives at a switch port, firstly judging whether the transmitted part and the rest part of the low-priority frame are both larger than or equal to the minimum frame length of the Ethernet, if so, interrupting the transmission of the low-priority frame, and assembling the transmitted part of the low-priority frame into a complete frame; and then transmitting the high-priority frame after a preset frame gap, and completing the rest of the low-priority frame into a complete frame for continuous transmission after the transmission of the high-priority frame is completed.
Optionally, the equation for performing bandwidth classification on the intelligent substation message stream is as follows:
s＝(Lpreamble+LSFD+Ldata+LIFG)·Fsample·f·N。
on the other hand, the invention provides an intelligent substation switch flow scheduling system based on the TSN, which comprises: a scheduling module and a classification module;
the scheduling module is used for acquiring a flow scheduling mechanism of the switch based on TSN characteristics;
the classification module is used for carrying out bandwidth classification on the intelligent substation message flow based on the switch flow scheduling mechanism, the class of the intelligent substation service and the requirement of the intelligent substation service on time delay, and obtaining intelligent substation switch flow scheduling.
Optionally, the scheduling module includes: a flow queuing unit and a frame seizing unit;
the flow queuing unit is used for controlling queuing flow by controlling a switch of a gate at an outlet of the switch based on an 802.1Qbv protocol to obtain a flow queuing mechanism;
the frame preemption unit is used for dividing the priority level of the flow in the transmission channel based on the 802.1Qbu protocol and the 802.3br protocol to obtain a frame preemption mechanism.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention uses the time sensitive network for the intelligent substation, changes and optimizes the flow scheduling mechanism of the switch by means of the 802.1Qbv, 802.1Qbu and 802.3br protocols, not only greatly reduces the probability of congestion and collision of data packet transmission on a link, but also ensures the time sensitive flow to provide stable, reliable and low-delay service for the power grid.
The method classifies the messages of the intelligent substation according to the time sensitivity so that the flow can better adapt to the flow scheduling mechanism of the intelligent substation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for scheduling traffic of an intelligent substation switch based on a TSN according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of gate switch control flow queuing under an 802.1Qbv protocol in the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating interference frame slicing and protection under 802.1Qbu and 802.3br protocols according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating traffic scheduling of a TSN switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of networking of an intelligent substation of a TSN switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example one
The invention provides a TSN-based intelligent substation switch flow scheduling method, which comprises the following steps of:
and S1, establishing a switch traffic scheduling mechanism based on the TSN characteristics.
Traffic scheduling is the core concept of TSN, and creates and distributes scheduling tasks to participating network devices according to a global time reference provided by a time synchronization protocol 802.1 AS. The method is realized by dividing into the following three parts:
(1) flow queuing mechanism under 802.1Qbv protocol
As shown in fig. 2, 802.1Qbv defines a mechanism for controlling queued traffic by controlling the switching of gates at the exits of TSN switches, and the messages in these queues will be transmitted within a preset time window. Typically, during these time windows, transmissions from other queues will be blocked, thereby avoiding the scheduled traffic from being blocked by non-scheduled traffic, thus ensuring that the delay of data through the switch is deterministic.
(2) Frame preemption mechanism under 802.1Qbu and 802.3br protocols
Although the mechanism of Qbv can protect critical messages from other traffic, it does not fully achieve optimal bandwidth usage and minimal communication delay, as shown in fig. 3. If these factors are important for the data to be transmitted, the frame preemption mechanisms defined by 802.1Qbu and 802.3br can be adopted to ensure that the frame preemption mechanisms are jointly defined to solve the priority inversion problem, and the 802.3br defines the MAC (data link layer) merging sub-layer and the core functions of slicing operation, slicing restoration and verification of frame preemption. If a low priority frame is being transmitted when a high priority frame arrives on a port, first determining whether the transmitted part and the rest of the low priority frame are both greater than or equal to the minimum frame length of Ethernet (60B), and if yes, allowing slicing operation: and interrupting the transmission of the low-priority frame, complementing the transmitted part of the low-priority frame with a checksum to assemble into a complete frame, then transmitting the high-priority frame after 1 frame gap, and complementing the rest part of the low-priority frame into the complete frame for continuous transmission after the transmission of the high-priority frame is finished. The frame preemption mechanism reduces bandwidth waste compared to the guardband mechanism.
(3) Flow scheduling under the combined action of 802.1Qbv, 802.1Qbu and 802.3br protocols
Based on the above, the conventional traffic scheduling mode of the switch in the substation is optimized by means of the technologies of Qbv, Qbu and br under the TSN. It is proposed to use a gating list for the scheduling switch of the traffic in the MAC (data link layer) and to implement the classification and merging of high-speed frames and low-speed frames at its merging sublayer, as shown in fig. 4 in particular. The 8 priority levels of VLAN (virtual local area network) are Q0 to Q7, respectively, the gate of the queue is an 8-bit control switch, and 1/0 at the corresponding position represents the on/off of the gate of the corresponding queue, so that the time sensitive stream can be scheduled when being gated. After the transmission selection of the Qbv, the Qbu divides the Ethernet Frame into a high-speed Frame and a low-speed Frame, allows the high-speed Frame to preempt the low-speed Frame, and finally merges and recombines the preempted broken frames into complete data frames by using SFD (Start of the Frame delimiters) in the MAC merging sublayer control module.
S2, based on the switch flow scheduling mechanism, the type of the intelligent substation service and the requirement of the intelligent substation service on time delay, performing bandwidth classification on the intelligent substation message flow to obtain the switch flow scheduling of the intelligent substation.
In order to enable the Qbv, Qbu, and br techniques to work, the flows need to be classified according to the time sensitivity, and a plurality of time sensitive flows and non-time sensitive flows can be divided according to the class of the substation service and the requirement on the time delay described in table 1 through the priority of 802.1Q. Usually, the bandwidth required for messages transmitted in a substation is calculated according to equation (1).
s＝(Lpreamble+LSFD+Ldata+LIFG)·Fsample·f·N (1)
In the formula: l ispreamble、LSFD、Ldata、LIFGRespectively representing the lengths of preamble, start, data and frame interval of the Ethernet frame; fsampleRepresenting sampling points, including raw data such as measured current and voltage; f represents the alternating current frequency, and is generally fixed at 50; n represents the number of terminals. According to the IEC618509-2 protocol standard, SV messages are sampled according to 80 points/period, the single-path sampling data volume is 80 multiplied by 50 multiplied by 984 bits, the bandwidth is about 3.936Mbps, and the bandwidth is about 9.84Mbps according to 200 points/period sampling; for the Goose message, the message is sent according to the period of 5s, and the maximum L isdataThe length is 500 bytes, the single path data size is (56+8+500/5 × 8+96) bits, and the bandwidth is about 960 bps. Therefore, the bandwidth required by the Goose message is far from the bandwidth required by the Goose messageSmaller than the SV message. It can be seen that the Goose message flow is suitable for being used as a time sensitive flow, and the SV message flow can also be selected as a time sensitive flow to be processed under a certain condition.
TABLE 1
As shown in fig. 5, the invention adopts the idea of monopolizing and sharing a time slot window in the traffic transmission time, adopts a frame preemption mechanism in a traffic transmission channel, realizes traffic classification according to traffic characteristics, is used for improving a traffic scheduling mechanism of a process layer of an intelligent substation to a traditional switch, improves the effect of determining time-sensitive traffic delay scheduling, provides a traffic transmission service with low delay jitter for an ethernet network of the intelligent substation, and provides a new idea for improving the quality of service (QoS) of a power system.
Example two
The invention provides an intelligent substation switch flow scheduling system based on a TSN, which comprises: a scheduling module and a classification module;
the scheduling module is used for acquiring a flow scheduling mechanism of the switch based on the TSN characteristics;
the scheduling module includes: a flow queuing unit and a frame seizing unit;
the flow queuing unit is used for controlling queuing flow by controlling a switch of a gate at an outlet of the switch based on an 802.1Qbv protocol to obtain a flow queuing mechanism;
the frame preemption unit is used for dividing the priority level of the flow in the transmission channel based on the 802.1Qbu protocol and the 802.3br protocol to obtain a frame preemption mechanism.
And the classification module is used for carrying out bandwidth classification on the intelligent substation message flow based on the switch flow scheduling mechanism, the class of the intelligent substation service and the requirement of the intelligent substation service on time delay so as to obtain the switch flow scheduling of the intelligent substation.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its spirit and scope. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A TSN-based intelligent substation switch flow scheduling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a flow scheduling mechanism of the switch based on the TSN characteristics;
and based on the switch flow scheduling mechanism, the class of the intelligent substation service and the requirement of the intelligent substation service on time delay, performing bandwidth classification on the intelligent substation message flow to obtain intelligent substation switch flow scheduling.
2. The intelligent substation switch traffic scheduling method based on TSN of claim 1, wherein the switch traffic scheduling mechanism comprises: a traffic queuing mechanism and a frame preemption mechanism.
3. The intelligent substation switch traffic scheduling method based on TSN of claim 2, wherein the method of establishing a traffic queuing mechanism comprises: based on the 802.1Qbv protocol, the queuing flow is controlled by controlling the switch of the gate at the outlet of the switch, and a flow queuing mechanism is obtained.
4. The intelligent substation switch traffic scheduling method based on TSN of claim 2, wherein the method of establishing a frame preemption mechanism comprises: based on 802.1Qbu protocol and 802.3br protocol, the priority level of traffic in a transmission channel is divided to obtain a frame preemption mechanism.
5. The intelligent substation switch traffic scheduling method based on TSN of claim 4, wherein the method of prioritizing traffic in transmission channels comprises:
dividing the Ethernet frame of the flow into a high-priority frame and a low-priority frame;
if the low-priority frame is transmitted when the high-priority frame arrives at a switch port, firstly judging whether the transmitted part and the rest part of the low-priority frame are both larger than or equal to the minimum frame length of the Ethernet, if so, interrupting the transmission of the low-priority frame, and assembling the transmitted part of the low-priority frame into a complete frame; and then transmitting the high-priority frame after a preset frame gap, and completing the rest of the low-priority frame into a complete frame for continuous transmission after the transmission of the high-priority frame is completed.
6. The intelligent substation switch traffic scheduling method based on the TSN according to claim 1, wherein the equation for performing bandwidth classification on the intelligent substation message stream is as follows:
s＝(Lpreamble+LSFD+Ldata+LIFG)·Fsample·f·N。
7. the utility model provides an intelligent substation switch flow scheduling system based on TSN which characterized in that includes: a scheduling module and a classification module;
the scheduling module is used for acquiring a flow scheduling mechanism of the switch based on TSN characteristics;
the classification module is used for carrying out bandwidth classification on the intelligent substation message flow based on the switch flow scheduling mechanism, the class of the intelligent substation service and the requirement of the intelligent substation service on time delay, and obtaining switch flow scheduling of the intelligent substation.
8. The intelligent substation switch traffic scheduling system based on TSN of claim 7, wherein the scheduling module comprises: a flow queuing unit and a frame seizing unit;
the flow queuing unit is used for controlling queuing flow by controlling a switch of a gate at an outlet of the switch based on an 802.1Qbv protocol to obtain a flow queuing mechanism;
the frame preemption unit is used for dividing the priority level of the flow in the transmission channel based on the 802.1Qbu protocol and the 802.3br protocol to obtain a frame preemption mechanism.
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