CN114531201A - Method for simplifying path loss model of non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering - Google Patents

Method for simplifying path loss model of non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering Download PDF

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CN114531201A
CN114531201A CN202111615956.9A CN202111615956A CN114531201A CN 114531201 A CN114531201 A CN 114531201A CN 202111615956 A CN202111615956 A CN 202111615956A CN 114531201 A CN114531201 A CN 114531201A
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path loss
scattering
axis
ultraviolet
loss model
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赵太飞
马倩文
王一琼
王璐
王玮
朱鹏超
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Shenzhen Hongyue Information Technology Co ltd
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Xian University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/116—Visible light communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention discloses a simplification method of a path loss model of non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering, which specifically comprises the following steps: step 1: converting an ultraviolet single-scattering communication system under a non-coplanar condition into a mathematical model; and 2, step: based on a mathematical model, carrying out differential section division on the ultraviolet scatterer through model simplification and mathematical derivation to obtain a section area; then, the slice area is integrated, and the effective volume of the ultraviolet scatterer in a three-dimensional space can be calculated; and 3, step 3: and finally, obtaining the required path loss model through the simplified volume of the scatterer. The simplifying method of the path loss model of the non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering can calculate more accurate volume of the scattering body through a simpler calculating method through reasonable design and calculation, and has certain practicability.

Description

Method for simplifying path loss model of non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless ultraviolet light communication, and particularly relates to a simplification method of a path loss model of non-direct-view ultraviolet light communication single scattering.
Background
The scattering phenomenon of the wireless ultraviolet light can be caused by a large amount of particles in the atmosphere in the transmission process, the scattering characteristic enables a wireless ultraviolet light communication system to transmit signals in a non-direct-view (NLOS) mode, the defect that free space optical communication needs to work in a direct-view mode is overcome, and therefore the wireless ultraviolet light communication system can adapt to a complex communication environment. In the communication process, the spatial overlapping area of the signal transmitting end and the signal receiving end is an effective scatterer which has a crucial influence on a path loss model in the communication performance, but because the irregular shape and the complex property of the scatterer are not easy to calculate, proper simplified calculation is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simplifying method of a path loss model of non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering, and solves a part of the problem that the effective scatterer property of a space overlapping region of a signal sending end and a signal receiving end is relatively complex in the communication process at present.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that,
the simplifying method of the path loss model of the non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: converting the ultraviolet single-scattering communication system under the non-coplanar condition into a mathematical model;
step 2: based on a mathematical model, carrying out differential slice division on the ultraviolet scatterer through model simplification and mathematical derivation to obtain a slice area; then, the slice area is integrated, and the effective volume of the ultraviolet scatterer in a three-dimensional space can be calculated;
and step 3: and finally, obtaining the required path loss model through the simplified volume of the scatterer.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
converting effective scatterers in the ultraviolet single scattering communication system under the non-coplanar condition into superposition of circular thin plates, and performing integral calculation on the areas of the circular thin plates; the transmitting end is Tx, the coordinates are (0, r,0), the receiving end is Rx, the coordinates are (0,0,0), the distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end is r, and the field angles of the transmitting beam of the transmitting end and the receiving end are cones.
The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: the scatterer is divided into a plurality of round sheets, each sheet is perpendicular to the axis of the emission beam, and the area of each round sheet is integrated to obtain the volume of the scatterer; radius of the circular sheet being
Figure BDA0003436801350000021
The differential volume is the following equation (1):
Figure BDA0003436801350000022
where ds is the area of the disk and r1Denotes the distance, beta, from the emitting end to the scattering pointTIs the full divergence angle.
The parameter equation of the transmitting beam axis can be represented by the following formula (2) at the transmitting end and the receiving end:
Figure BDA0003436801350000023
wherein r is1Representing the distance, theta, from the emitting end to the scattering pointTDenotes the Tx beam axis, measured from the positive z-axisTDenotes the Tx beam axis of the transmitting end measured from the positive x-axis direction, and r denotes the distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end.
The cone equation of the field pyramid is as follows (3);
Figure BDA0003436801350000031
wherein (x, y, z) represents a three-dimensional parameter of the transmit beam axis, θRDenotes the inclination of the angular axis, φ, of the Rx field of view measured from the positive z-axisRRepresenting the azimuth of the Rx field-of-view angular axis as measured by the receiver from the positive x-axis,βRis the full field angle.
The following formula (4) can be obtained by combining the formula (2) and the formula (3):
a1r1 2+b1r1+c1＝0 (4)；
wherein a is1,b1,c1Are all constant parameters.
Derived from the mathematical formula, the solution set of formula (4) is derived as formula (5):
Figure BDA0003436801350000032
thus r1 min＝min(R1)，r1 max＝max(R1)；
The following formula (6) is obtained according to the gaussian-legendre product rule:
Figure BDA0003436801350000033
wherein QRFor the energy received at the receiving end, Q can be measured directlyTKnown energy of the transmitting end, r1 maxAnd r1 minRespectively the upper and lower limits of the volume integral,
Figure BDA0003436801350000034
as determined by the specific receiver capabilities,
Figure BDA0003436801350000035
tkis the k-th root of Legendre polynomial, weight
Figure BDA0003436801350000036
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: path loss in decibels for UV systems
Figure BDA0003436801350000037
Violet under non-coplanar conditionsThe simplified path loss model of the external light single scattering communication system is as follows formula (12):
Figure BDA0003436801350000041
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003436801350000042
Figure BDA0003436801350000043
as determined by the specific receiver capabilities,
Figure BDA0003436801350000044
tkis the k-th root of the Legendre polynomial; beta is aT≤βRThe receiving field angle is larger than or equal to the divergence angle, and the narrow beam condition is represented; beta is aR＜βTThis means that the divergence angle is larger than the reception angle of view, which is the case of a narrow angle of view.
In step 3, the simplified path loss model should meet the following requirements:
in the narrow beam case, the Tx axis should have two intersections with the cones of Rx;
in the narrow field angle case, the Rx axis should have two intersection points with the cone of Tx.
The method for simplifying the path loss model of the non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering has the advantages that the scatterer is simplified into the circular thin plate for integration when the volume of the scatterer is calculated, the irregular shape can be simplified into the regular shape, and the more accurate volume of the scatterer can be calculated by a simpler calculation method.
And simplifying the path loss model by a Gauss-Legendre product-solving rule, and calculating to obtain a specific expression of the path loss model by considering two conditions of a narrow beam at a transmitting end and a narrow field angle at a receiving end.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultraviolet single-scattering communication system under non-coplanar conditions in a simplified method of a non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single-scattering path loss model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single-scattering UV communication system under narrow beam conditions in a simplified method of a non-direct-view UV communication single-scattering path loss model according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-scattering uv communication system under a narrow field of view condition in a simplified method of a non-direct-view uv communication single-scattering path loss model according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes a simplified method of the non-direct-view uv communication single scattering path loss model according to the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The simplifying method of the path loss model of the non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: converting the ultraviolet single-scattering communication system under the non-coplanar condition into a mathematical model; the receiving end is a transmitting end, coordinates are (0,0,0), the receiving end is Tx, coordinates are (0, r,0), the distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end is r, and the field angles of the transmitting beam of the transmitting end and the receiving end are cones;
step 2: based on a mathematical model, carrying out differential slice division on the ultraviolet scatterer through model simplification and mathematical derivation to obtain a slice area; then, the slice area is integrated, and the effective volume of the ultraviolet scatterer in a three-dimensional space can be calculated;
and step 3: and finally, obtaining the required path loss model through the simplified volume of the scatterer.
The following describes the path loss model of non-direct-view uv communication single scattering according to the present invention in further detail by using specific examples.
1) As shown in fig. 1, Rx is a transmitting end, coordinates are (0,0,0), Tx is a receiving end, coordinates are (0, r,0), a distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end is r, and both the transmitting beam of the transmitting end and the field angle of the receiving end are cones. NLOS ultraviolet communication is often used as short-distance communication, the distance between a transmitting end and a receiving end is usually several tens of meters, the influence of turbulence on a scatterer can be ignored, and only the volume of the scatterer is considered.
2) A single scattering ultraviolet communication system under narrow beam conditions; due to the irregularities of the scatterers, the upper and lower bounds of the triple integral, which is typically employed when calculating their volume, are difficult to determine. We therefore consider the effective scatterers approximately as a superposition of circular sheets, whose volume is calculated by integrating the area of the circular sheets.
The diffuser is sliced into circular slices, each perpendicular to the axis of the transmitted beam. The volume of the scattering body can be obtained by integrating the area of the circular thin plate, and the calculation formula of the radius of the circular thin plate at the moment is
Figure BDA0003436801350000061
Thus, the differential volume can be written as:
Figure BDA0003436801350000062
where ds is the area of the disk, when the distance from the disk itself to Tx is equal to r1To further simplify the single scattering model, we assume that the photon transmission direction and distance on the same plate coincide with the photon transmission direction and distance at the center of the plate, the center being the intersection of the plate and the emitted beam axis.
The axis of the transmitted beam passing through the field of view and having two points of intersection with the cone of the received field of view, the two points of intersection definingr1 maxAndr1 mini.e. the upper and lower limits of the integral. The parametric equation for the transmit beam axis can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003436801350000063
the cone equation for the field pyramid can be written as:
Figure BDA0003436801350000064
combining formula (2) and formula (3) to obtain:
a1r1 2+b1r1+c1＝0(4)；
according to the derivation of a mathematical formula,
Figure BDA0003436801350000065
if there are two intersections on the cone of Rx, then Δ1>0，a1Not equal to 0. The solution set of equation (4) is therefore:
Figure BDA0003436801350000066
thus r1 min＝min(R1) And r is1 max＝max(R1)。
According to the gaussian-legendre quadrature rule,
Figure BDA0003436801350000071
wherein
Figure BDA0003436801350000072
tkIs the k-th root of the Legendre polynomial, weight wkCan be expressed as
Figure BDA0003436801350000073
And finally, obtaining a path loss calculation method through a simplified received energy calculation formula.
As an example; in a single-scattering uv communication system under narrow viewing angle conditions, consistent with 2), we have a stack of circular sheets as the effective scatterers, each perpendicular to the axis of Rx, as shown in fig. 3. Also, the differential volume in the effective scatterer can be written as
Figure BDA0003436801350000074
Let us assume that the transmission direction and transmission distance of photons on the same plate are equal to those on the same plateThe photon transmission direction and transmission distance are uniform at the center of the plate, which is the intersection of the plate and the angular axis of the field of view.
We assume that the axis of the receive field angle passes through the transmit beam and there are two intersection points on the cone of the transmit beam from which the upper and lower limits of the integration are determined.
The parametric equation for the angular axis of the receive field of view can be written as:
Figure BDA0003436801350000075
the cone equation for the transmit beam cone can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003436801350000076
combining the formula (7) with the formula (8) can obtain:
Figure BDA0003436801350000077
due to the fact that
Figure BDA0003436801350000078
If there are two intersections on the cone of Tx, then Δ2>0，a2Not equal to 0. The solution set for (9) is therefore:
Figure BDA0003436801350000079
thus, it is possible to provide
Figure BDA0003436801350000081
And is
Figure BDA0003436801350000082
According to the gaussian-legendre multiplication rule,
Figure BDA0003436801350000083
wherein
Figure BDA0003436801350000084
And obtaining a simplified received energy calculation formula so as to calculate the path loss.
3) A simplified path loss model;
the path loss of an ultraviolet system is defined in decibels as
Figure BDA0003436801350000085
Substituting equations (6) and (11) into the above equation, the simplified PL model of the non-coplanar NLOS uv communication system can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003436801350000086
finally, the simplified path loss calculation formula under the narrow beam condition and the narrow field angle condition can be obtained.
The models proposed in step 2 and step 3 can be used for non-coplanar single scattering communication systems, but the following requirements should be met in the whole:
in the narrow beam case, the Tx axis should have two intersections with the cone of Rx, which is the applicable range of Tx azimuth;
in the case of a narrow field angle, the Rx axis should have two intersections with the cone of Tx, which is the applicable range of Rx azimuth angles.
The simplification method of the path loss model of the non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering can calculate more accurate scatterer volume through a simpler calculation method through reasonable design and calculation, and has certain practicability.

Claims (5)

1. The simplification method of the path loss model of the non-direct-view ultraviolet communication single scattering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: converting the ultraviolet single-scattering communication system under the non-coplanar condition into a mathematical model;
and 2, step: based on a mathematical model, carrying out differential slice division on the ultraviolet scatterer through model simplification and mathematical derivation to obtain a slice area; then, the slice area is integrated, and the effective volume of the ultraviolet scatterer in a three-dimensional space can be calculated;
and step 3: and finally, obtaining the required path loss model through the simplified volume of the scatterer.
2. The simplified method of the off-line-of-sight uv communication single-scattering path loss model according to claim 1, wherein step 1 is specifically: converting effective scatterers in the ultraviolet single scattering communication system under the non-coplanar condition into superposition of circular thin plates, and performing integral calculation on the areas of the circular thin plates; the transmitting end is Rx, the coordinates are (0,0,0), the receiving end is Tx, the coordinates are (0, r,0), the distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end is r, and the field angles of the transmitting beam of the transmitting end and the receiving end are cones.
3. The simplified method of the off-line-of-sight uv communication single scattering path loss model according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 is specifically: the scatterer is divided into a plurality of round sheets, each sheet is perpendicular to the axis of the emission beam, and the area of each round sheet is integrated to obtain the volume of the scatterer; the radius of the circular sheet is calculated by the formula
Figure FDA0003436801340000011
The differential volume is the following equation (1):
Figure FDA0003436801340000012
where ds is the area of the disk and r1Denotes the distance, beta, from the emitting end to the scattering pointTIs a full divergence angle;
the parameter equation of the transmission beam axis is as follows (2):
Figure FDA0003436801340000021
wherein r is1Representing the distance, theta, from the emitting end to the scattering pointTDenotes the Tx beam axis, measured from the positive z-axisTRepresents the Tx beam axis of the transmitting end measured from the positive x-axis direction, and r represents the distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end;
the cone equation of the field pyramid is as follows (3);
Figure FDA0003436801340000022
wherein (x, y, z) represents a three-dimensional parameter of the transmit beam axis, θRDenotes the inclination of the angular axis, φ, of the Rx field of view measured from the positive z-axisRIndicating the azimuth angle, β, of the angular axis of the Rx field of view as measured from the positive x-axis of the receiving endRIs a full field angle;
the following formula (4) can be obtained by combining the formula (2) and the formula (3):
a1r1 2+b1r1+c1＝0 (4)；
wherein a is1,b1,c1Are all constant parameters;
derived from the mathematical formula, the solution set of formula (4) is derived as formula (5):
Figure FDA0003436801340000023
thus r1 min＝min(R1) And r is1 max＝max(R1)；
The following formula (6) is obtained according to the gaussian-legendre product rule:
Figure FDA0003436801340000024
wherein QRFor the energy received at the receiving end, Q can be measured directlyTKnown energy of the transmitting end, r1 maxAnd r1 minRespectively the upper and lower limits of the volume integral,
Figure FDA0003436801340000025
as determined by the specific receiver capabilities,
Figure FDA0003436801340000026
tkis the k-th root of Legendre polynomial, weight
Figure FDA0003436801340000031
4. The simplified method of the off-line-of-sight uv communication single-scattering path loss model according to claim 2, wherein step 3 is specifically: path loss in decibels for UV systems
Figure FDA0003436801340000032
The simplified path loss model of the ultraviolet light single scattering communication system under the non-coplanar condition is as follows formula (12):
Figure FDA0003436801340000033
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003436801340000034
Figure FDA0003436801340000035
as determined by the specific receiver capabilities,
Figure FDA0003436801340000036
tkis the k-th root of the Legendre polynomial; beta is aT≤βRThe receiving field angle is larger than or equal to the divergence angle, and the narrow beam condition is represented; beta is aR＜βTThis means that the divergence angle is larger than the reception angle of view, which is the case of a narrow angle of view.
5. The method for simplifying the path loss model of non-direct view ultraviolet light communication single scattering according to claim 4, wherein in step 3, the simplified path loss model satisfies the following requirements:
in the narrow beam case, the Tx axis should have two intersections with the cones of Rx;
in the narrow field angle case, the Rx axis should have two intersection points with the cone of Tx.
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