CN114530014B - Electric energy meter, cost control method and system - Google Patents
Electric energy meter, cost control method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114530014B CN114530014B CN202210135238.XA CN202210135238A CN114530014B CN 114530014 B CN114530014 B CN 114530014B CN 202210135238 A CN202210135238 A CN 202210135238A CN 114530014 B CN114530014 B CN 114530014B
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- G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
- G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric energy meter fee control system, an electric energy meter and a fee control method of the electric energy meter. Wherein, this system includes: a fee control signal receiving device and a fee control signal processing device; the charge control signal receiving device comprises a charge control signal receiving circuit, a half-wave rectifying circuit and a light generating unit, and the charge control signal processing device comprises a light receiving unit and a processing unit; the light generating unit and the light receiving unit form an optical coupler structure; the charge control signal receiving circuit is used for receiving an alternating current signal for controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter; the half-wave rectification circuit is used for rectifying the alternating current signal into a first direct current signal; the light generation unit is used for emitting light according to the first direct current signal; the light receiving unit is used for generating a second direct current electric signal according to the received light signal; the processing unit is used for controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter according to the second direct current signal. The invention can solve the problem of poor flexibility of the existing cost control scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric energy meter cost control, in particular to an electric energy meter, a cost control method and a system.
Background
Currently, an electric energy meter supporting peak-valley electricity price charging is generally integrated with an RTC chip, and the rate scheme to be executed at present is judged through an internal clock and a rate meter.
On the one hand, because the RTC can not normally run under the condition of not receiving the mains supply, even if the super capacitor or the battery is added to supply power to the RTC chip, the phenomenon that the RTC can not normally run under the condition of not receiving the mains supply can be solved, but the electric quantity of the super capacitor or the battery is limited, and the RTC can still normally run under the condition of not receiving the mains supply for a long time. On the other hand, because the cost of the super capacitor and the battery is higher, the battery and the super capacitor are used for providing the RTC chip with the standby power supply, so that the cost of executing double rates of the electric energy meter is definitely increased, and the RTC chip and the rate meter are not needed to judge the current rate and the RTC chip, the battery and the super capacitor are not needed to be installed when the electric energy meter executes single rates. This also makes the existing solution less flexible.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of poor flexibility of the existing cost control scheme, the embodiment of the application provides an electric energy meter, a cost control method and a system.
In a first aspect, the present embodiment provides an electric energy meter fee control system, the system including:
a fee control signal receiving device and a fee control signal processing device; the fee control signal receiving apparatus includes: the charge control signal receiving circuit, the half-wave rectifying circuit and the light generating unit; the cost control signal processing device comprises: a light receiving unit and a processing unit; the light generating unit and the light receiving unit form an optical coupler structure; wherein,,
the charge control signal receiving circuit is used for receiving an alternating current signal for controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter;
the half-wave rectification circuit is used for rectifying the alternating current signal into a first direct current signal;
the light generation unit is used for emitting light according to the first direct current signal;
the light receiving unit is used for generating a second direct current electric signal according to the received light signal;
the processing unit is used for controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter according to the second direct current signal.
In some of these embodiments, the fee-control signal receiving means and the fee-control signal processing means are detachably provided, and the light generating unit and the light receiving unit constitute a separate optical coupler structure.
In some embodiments, the half-wave rectifying circuit comprises a rectifying diode, wherein a cathode of the rectifying diode is connected with one alternating current output end of the cost control signal receiving circuit, and an anode of the rectifying diode is connected with the other alternating current output end of the cost control signal receiving circuit.
In some of these embodiments, the light generating unit comprises a light emitting diode, which is antiparallel with the rectifying diode.
In some embodiments thereof, the light receiving unit includes a photodiode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a switching tube, and a capacitor; wherein,,
the first resistor and the second resistor are sequentially connected in series between a direct current power supply and a grounding end, the cathode of the photodiode is connected with the direct current power supply, and the anode of the photodiode is connected with the first resistor;
the capacitor is connected in series between the direct current power supply and the grounding terminal;
the third resistor and the switching tube are sequentially connected in series between the direct-current power supply and the grounding end, the output end of the switching tube is connected with the third resistor, the input end of the switching tube is connected with the grounding end, the control end of the switching tube is connected with a connecting node of the first resistor and the second resistor, and the output end of the switching tube is connected with the processing unit.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electric energy meter comprising an electric energy meter fee control system according to any one of the first aspects.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cost control method of an electric energy meter, where the method includes:
when the electric energy meter is provided with a fee control signal receiving device, the fee control signal receiving device receives an alternating current signal for controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter, rectifies the alternating current signal into a first direct current signal and emits light according to the first direct current signal;
the cost control signal processing device of the electric energy meter generates a second direct current electric signal according to the received optical signal, and controls the metering rate of the electric energy meter according to the second direct current electric signal.
In some of these embodiments, the fee control signal receiving means and the fee control signal processing means are detachably arranged.
In some of these embodiments, the fee control signal processing device controls the metering rate of the electric energy meter according to the second direct current signal includes:
the cost control signal processing device identifies the frequency characteristic of the second direct current electric signal;
the charge control signal processing device controls the metering rate of the electric energy meter to be the metering rate corresponding to the frequency characteristic, wherein one or more preset metering rates are arranged in the electric energy meter, and each preset metering rate corresponds to a preset frequency characteristic of a direct current electric signal.
In some of these embodiments, the fee control signal processing device controls the metering rate of the electric energy meter according to the second direct current signal includes:
the charge control signal processing device judges whether the charge control signal receiving device emits light according to preset frequency characteristics or not according to the second direct current signal, or whether the electric energy meter is provided with the charge control signal processing device or not;
and when judging that the charge control signal receiving device does not emit light according to the preset frequency characteristic or the electric energy meter is not provided with the charge control signal processing device, controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter to be a default metering rate by the charge control signal processing device.
By adopting the scheme, the problem of poor flexibility of the existing cost control scheme can be solved, and the flexibility of the cost control scheme is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an operation process of a cost control system of an electric energy meter according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a fee control signal receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a fee control signal processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling cost of an electric energy meter according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the present application is described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present application may be practiced without these details. In some instances, well-known methods, procedures, systems, components, and/or circuits have been described at a high-level so as not to obscure aspects of the present application with unnecessary description. It will be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art that various changes can be made to the embodiments disclosed herein and that the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the principles and scope of the present application. Thus, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the scope claimed herein.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the terms "a," "an," "the," "these," and the like are not intended to be limiting in number, but rather are singular or plural. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof, as used in the present application, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, and system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules (units) is not limited to the list of steps or modules (units), but may include other steps or modules (units) not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference to "a plurality" in this application means two or more. Typically, the character "/" indicates that the associated object is an "or" relationship. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, as referred to in this application, merely distinguish similar objects and do not represent a particular ordering of objects.
Embodiments of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to the drawings attached hereto.
The cost control electric energy meter is an electric energy meter with a control function, and can realize electric energy metering, data processing and electricity utilization control according to a good payment mode. The working principle of the alternating-current charge-control intelligent electric energy meter is that alternating-current voltage and current are sent to a special electric energy metering chip after high-precision sampling, and are converted into pulse frequency signals which are in direct proportion to active power after a series of digital processing and are sent to a microprocessor, the microprocessor carries out time-sharing accumulation on the pulse signals according to time period rates to obtain total electric quantity and electric quantity of each rate, and the result is stored in a data memory.
The embodiment provides an electric energy meter fee control system, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a working process of the electric energy meter fee control system provided by the embodiment, and the electric energy meter fee control system includes: and a fee control signal receiving device and a fee control signal processing device. The cost control signal receiving device comprises a cost control signal receiving circuit, a half-wave rectifying circuit and a light generating unit, and the cost control signal processing device comprises a light receiving unit and a processing unit. The charge control signal receiving circuit is used for receiving the alternating current electric signal, then the received alternating current electric signal outputs a direct current electric signal through the half-wave rectifying circuit, the direct current electric signal is converted into an optical signal through the optical generating unit, and the charge control signal receiving device is used for completing the operation of converting the alternating current electric signal into the optical signal; the optical signal output by the charge control signal receiving device can be converted into a direct current signal through the optical receiving unit and then is processed by the processing unit to obtain a control signal to control the metering rate of the electric energy meter, and the charge control signal processing device is used for converting the optical signal into the control signal to control the metering rate of the electric energy meter. Since the light generating unit and the light receiving unit are connected by the photo coupler structure, the fee control signal receiving device and the fee control signal processing device are detachably arranged.
In an alternative embodiment, the fee control signal receiving means and the fee control signal processing means are detachably arranged, and the light generating unit and the light receiving unit constitute a separate optical coupler structure.
Specifically, the light generating unit in the charge control signal receiving device can convert the electric signal into the optical signal and output the optical signal, and the light receiving unit in the charge control signal processing device can convert the optical signal into the electric signal and communicate the electric signal with the optical signal, so that the charge control signal receiving device and the charge control signal processing device can be detached more conveniently through the optical signal communication. The fee control signal receiving device and the fee control signal processing device can be detachably provided with metering rates which can realize different modes. In addition, since the light generating unit and the light receiving unit communicate by light and are in two detachable devices, the light generating unit and the light receiving unit constitute a separate type optical coupler structure.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a cost control signal receiving device in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, two input ends of a cost control signal receiving circuit in the cost control signal receiving device are sequentially connected with a plurality of sampling resistors, a half-wave rectifying circuit in the cost control signal receiving device includes a rectifying diode DF1, a cathode of the rectifying diode DF1 is connected with one ac output end of the cost control signal receiving circuit, an anode of the rectifying diode is connected with the other ac output end of the cost control signal receiving circuit, and a light generating unit includes a light emitting diode DF2, and the light emitting diode DF2 is reversely connected in parallel with the rectifying diode DF 1.
The two inputs TR1 and TR2 of the rate control signal receiving circuit receive ac electrical signals. Firstly, the sampling resistors in the charge control signal receiving circuit sample and step down the signals at the input end of the charge control signal receiving circuit, so that the forward voltages of the rectifier diode DF1 and the light emitting diode DF2 are prevented from being overlarge, the current in the circuit exceeds the upper limit current of the rectifier diode DF1 and the light emitting diode DF2, and the rectifier diode DF1 and the light emitting diode DF2 burn out due to overheat of temperature. Then, the electric signals at two output ends of the cost control signal receiving circuit are alternating current signals, when the electric signal at the end TR1 is positive and the electric signal at the end TR2 is negative, no current passes through the rectifier diode DF1, and the rectifier diode DF1 is closed; when the electrical signal at the TR1 end is negative and the electrical signal at the TR2 end is positive, the current is conducted through the rectifying diode DF1, and therefore, the alternating current electrical signal is rectified into a half-wave direct current electrical signal through the on and off of the rectifying diode DF 1. Finally, after receiving the direct current signal in the half-wave rectification circuit, the light emitting diode DF2 in the light generating unit is conducted, and the electric signal is converted into an optical signal to be sent.
Since the fee control signal receiving device and the fee control signal processing device are detachably arranged, when the fee control signal receiving device is used, the fee control signal processing device can receive the optical signal output by the fee control signal receiving device; when the fee control signal receiving device is not used, the fee control signal processing device can be used for receiving the optical signals with set frequency sent by other devices to operate.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a cost-controlled signal processing device in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a light receiving unit in the cost-controlled signal processing device includes a photodiode D5, a first resistor R77, a second resistor R79, a third resistor R80, a switching tube Q9, and a capacitor C66, where the photodiode D5, the first resistor R77, and the second resistor R79 are sequentially connected in series between a dc power VCC and a ground GND, a cathode of the photodiode D5 is connected to the dc power VCC, an anode of the photodiode D5 is connected to the first resistor R77, the capacitor C66 is serially connected between the dc power VCC and the ground GND, the third resistor R80 and the switching tube Q9 are sequentially connected in series between the dc power VCC and the ground GND, an output terminal of the switching tube Q9 is connected to the third resistor R80, an input terminal of the switching tube Q9 is connected to the ground GND, and an output terminal of the switching tube Q9 is connected to the output terminal of the switching tube Q tube R4 via the first resistor R77, and the output terminal of the switching tube Q9 is connected to the processing unit.
After receiving the optical signal, the photodiode D5 is turned on (the resistance value of the turned-on light emitting diode D5 is very small and can be regarded as a section of wire), the direct current power supply end VCC is communicated with the photodiode D5, the first resistor R77, the second resistor R79 and the ground end GND, an electric signal is generated at the control end B point of the switching tube Q9, so that the switching tube Q9 is turned on (the resistance value of the turned-on switching tube Q9 is very small and can be regarded as a voltage drop of only 0.7V after the electric signal passes through the turned-on switching tube Q9), the direct current power supply end VCC is communicated with the third resistor R80, the switching tube Q9 and the ground end GND, a control signal for metering rate is generated at the output end C point of the switching tube Q9, the capacitor C66 is connected between the direct current power supply end VCC and the ground end GND, and the components in the circuit are prevented from being changed greatly by charging and discharging.
After the photo diode D5 does not receive the optical signal, the photo diode D5 is turned off (the resistance value of the turned-off photo diode D5 is extremely large, and no current can pass through), the direct current power supply terminal VCC is in an off state with the photo diode D5, the first resistor R77, the second resistor R79, and the ground terminal GND, no electric signal is generated at the control terminal B of the switching tube Q9, the switching tube Q9 is not turned on (the input terminal, the control terminal, and the output terminal of the switching tube Q9 are in a state of being disconnected from each other), the direct current power supply terminal VCC is in an off state with the third resistor R80, the switching tube Q9, and the ground terminal GND, and the capacitor C66 is connected between the direct current power supply terminal VCC and the ground terminal GND, and prevents the current in the circuit from being changed greatly by charging and discharging, thereby protecting components in the circuit.
The embodiment of the application provides an electric energy meter, which comprises a cost control system, and when the electric energy meter is used, the electric energy meter can execute corresponding contents in the system.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling cost of an electric energy meter according to the present embodiment. The cost control method can be implemented in the electric energy meter. As shown in fig. 4, the flow includes the steps of:
in step S401, when the electric energy meter is configured with a fee control signal receiving device, the fee control signal receiving device receives an ac electric signal for controlling a metering rate of the electric energy meter, rectifies the ac electric signal into a first dc electric signal, and emits light according to the first dc electric signal.
Step S402, the fee control signal processing device of the electric energy meter generates a second direct current electric signal according to the received optical signal, and controls the metering rate of the electric energy meter according to the second direct current electric signal.
In step S401, the fee control signal receiving device converts the received single-phase ac electric signal into an optical signal, and when the rectifier diode in the half-wave rectifier circuit is turned on, the fee control signal receiving device may output an optical signal with a fixed intensity, and when the rectifier diode in the half-wave rectifier circuit is turned off, the fee control signal receiving device does not output an optical signal. Thus, the rate control signal receiving device may provide the rate control signal processing device with an optical signal of a frequency determined by the frequency of the ac electrical signal received by the rate control signal receiving device.
In step S402, after receiving the effective optical signal, the optical receiving unit in the fee control signal processing apparatus triggers the switching tube Q9 to be turned on, so that the output end of the switching tube Q9 generates a second direct current signal, and the output end of the switching tube Q9 is connected to the external interrupt port usart4_rxd of the processing unit, so that the second direct current signal controls the metering rate of the electric energy meter. Therefore, the charge control signal processing device controls the metering rate of the electric energy meter according to the second direct current signal.
The effective optical signal is determined by the characteristics of the photodiode, and the optical signal capable of making the photodiode conductive can be regarded as the effective optical signal.
The above-mentioned metering rate is a way of charging the electric energy according to the different frequencies of the second direct current signal. I.e. the different frequencies of the second direct current signal correspond to the different costs to be paid for consuming 1 degree of electricity.
Since the fee control signal receiving means and the fee control signal processing means are detachably provided, the fee control signal processing means in step S402 is not necessarily capable of receiving the effective optical signal generated by the fee control signal receiving means.
In an alternative embodiment, the electric energy meter is provided with a fee control signal receiving device, comprising:
in case the cost-controlled signal processing means is able to receive the effective optical signal generated by the cost-controlled signal receiving means, the effective optical signal may provide the second direct current signal to the control unit via the cost-controlled signal processing means. Since the optical signal received by the fee control signal processing device is a signal that emits light according to a certain frequency, the switching tube Q9 is turned on and off according to the frequency, and the second dc signal also has a frequency characteristic of the frequency. The external interrupt of the processing unit also receives a second direct current signal having the frequency characteristic. The electric energy meter has a plurality of preset metering rates. After the external interrupt port USART4_RXD of the processing unit detects the second direct current electric signal, a timer in the processing unit determines the frequency characteristic of the second direct current electric signal, and then a corresponding preset calculation rate is found according to the frequency characteristic of the second direct current electric signal, so that the rate of the electric energy meter is calculated.
When the charge control signal receiving device does not emit light according to the preset frequency characteristic, the light receiving unit of the charge control signal receiving device is turned on and off according to the frequency of the light emitted by the charge control signal receiving device, but the light signal output by the charge control signal receiving device cannot emit light according to the preset frequency characteristic, the charge control signal processing device cannot output a second direct current electric signal with the preset frequency, and the external interrupt port usart4_rxd of the processing unit cannot receive the second direct current electric signal with the preset frequency. At this time, the electric energy meter calculates the rate of the electric energy meter according to the default metering rate.
In an alternative embodiment, the electric energy meter is not provided with a fee control signal receiving device, the photodiode in the fee control signal processing device receives natural light, and the external interrupt usart4_rxd of the processing unit cannot receive the second direct current electric signal with the preset frequency. At this time, the electric energy meter calculates the rate of the electric energy meter according to the default metering rate.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited in order and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated herein.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. An electric energy meter fee control system, comprising: a fee control signal receiving device and a fee control signal processing device; the fee control signal receiving apparatus includes: the charge control signal receiving circuit, the half-wave rectifying circuit and the light generating unit; the cost control signal processing device comprises: a light receiving unit and a processing unit; the light generating unit and the light receiving unit form a separated optical coupler structure; wherein,,
the charge control signal receiving circuit is used for receiving an alternating current signal for controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter;
the half-wave rectification circuit is used for rectifying the alternating current signal into a first direct current signal;
the light generation unit is used for emitting light according to the first direct current signal;
the light receiving unit is used for generating a second direct current electric signal according to the received light signal;
the processing unit is used for controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter according to the second direct current electric signal;
wherein the charge control signal receiving device and the charge control signal processing device are detachably arranged, and when the charge control signal receiving device is used, the charge control signal processing device can receive the optical signal output by the charge control signal receiving device; when the fee control signal receiving device is not used, the fee control signal processing device can be used for receiving light signals with rated frequency sent by other equipment to work, or the fee control signal processing device can be used for receiving natural light, and at the moment, the fee control system of the electric energy meter calculates the rate of the electric energy meter according to the default metering rate; the fee control signal receiving device and the fee control signal processing device can realize metering rates in different modes.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the half-wave rectifier circuit comprises a rectifier diode having a cathode connected to one ac output of the fee control signal receiving circuit and an anode connected to the other ac output of the fee control signal receiving circuit.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the light generating unit comprises a light emitting diode in anti-parallel with the rectifying diode.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the light receiving unit comprises a photodiode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a switching tube, and a capacitor; wherein,,
the first resistor and the second resistor are sequentially connected in series between a direct current power supply and a grounding end, the cathode of the photodiode is connected with the direct current power supply, and the anode of the photodiode is connected with the first resistor;
the capacitor is connected in series between the direct current power supply and the grounding terminal;
the third resistor and the switching tube are sequentially connected in series between the direct-current power supply and the grounding end, the output end of the switching tube is connected with the third resistor, the input end of the switching tube is connected with the grounding end, the control end of the switching tube is connected with a connecting node of the first resistor and the second resistor, and the output end of the switching tube is connected with the processing unit.
5. An electric energy meter, characterized in that it comprises an electric energy meter cost control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The cost control method of the electric energy meter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
when the electric energy meter is provided with a fee control signal receiving device, the fee control signal receiving device receives an alternating current signal for controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter, rectifies the alternating current signal into a first direct current signal and emits light according to the first direct current signal;
the charge control signal processing device of the electric energy meter generates a second direct current electric signal according to the received optical signal, and controls the metering rate of the electric energy meter according to the second direct current electric signal;
wherein the fee control signal receiving device and the fee control signal processing device are detachably arranged.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the fee control signal processing device controlling a metering rate of the electric energy meter based on the second direct current signal comprises:
the cost control signal processing device identifies the frequency characteristic of the second direct current electric signal;
the charge control signal processing device controls the metering rate of the electric energy meter to be the metering rate corresponding to the frequency characteristic, wherein one or more preset metering rates are arranged in the electric energy meter, and each preset metering rate corresponds to a preset frequency characteristic of a direct current electric signal.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the fee control signal processing device controlling a metering rate of the electric energy meter based on the second direct current signal comprises:
the charge control signal processing device judges whether the charge control signal receiving device emits light according to preset frequency characteristics or not according to the second direct current signal, or whether the electric energy meter is provided with the charge control signal processing device or not;
and when judging that the charge control signal receiving device does not emit light according to the preset frequency characteristic or the electric energy meter is not provided with the charge control signal processing device, controlling the metering rate of the electric energy meter to be a default metering rate by the charge control signal processing device.
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| US5214587A (en) * | 1990-11-28 | 1993-05-25 | Green Richard G | Device for monitoring utility usage |
| CN202339600U (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏盛德电子仪表有限公司 | Local-carrier single-phase cost-control intelligent watt-hour meter |
| CN102779377A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-11-14 | 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 | Isolation device for intelligent electric meter card |
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