CN114524485B - Bionic capillary separation plate and oil-water separation device thereof - Google Patents
Bionic capillary separation plate and oil-water separation device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114524485B CN114524485B CN202210292552.9A CN202210292552A CN114524485B CN 114524485 B CN114524485 B CN 114524485B CN 202210292552 A CN202210292552 A CN 202210292552A CN 114524485 B CN114524485 B CN 114524485B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of chemical treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a bionic capillary separation plate and an oil-water separation device thereof. The bionic capillary separation plate comprises a substrate and a lobe array. Wherein, the upper surface of the substrate comprises a channel; the channel separates the upper surface of the substrate into a first diffusion region and a second diffusion region. The array of lobes are distributed within the first diffusion region and the second diffusion region, respectively. The lobe array is formed by arranging fins according to a rectangular array. The oil-water separation device comprises a bionic capillary separator, a box body, a guide pipe and a valve. The bionic capillary separator consists of two bionic capillary separating plates; the box body comprises a liquid storage cavity and a separation cavity which are mutually isolated; the bionic capillary separator is inserted on a horizontal clapboard in the box body and divides the separation cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The conduit is used for communicating the liquid storage cavity and the lower cavity body. The valve is used to regulate the flow rate of the fluid. The invention solves the problems of high cost and poor separation effect of various oil-water separation technologies in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of chemical treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a bionic capillary separation plate and an oil-water separation device thereof.
Background
A large amount of oily wastewater is generated in the process of human life or industrial production, and the main components of the oily wastewater comprise water and one or more oil components; and exists in the form of an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion. The inflow of these oily waste waters into nature causes serious water or soil pollution, which affects the health of various organisms. The oil-water separation, the classified recovery treatment and the reutilization of the oily wastewater are main approaches for solving the pollution problem of the oily wastewater.
The existing oil-water separation method mainly comprises the following steps: gravity separation, ultrasonic, adsorption, microbiological, electrolytic, chemical coagulation, membrane separation, and the like. The gravity separation method is the most common separation method for treating oil-water mixture at present, can treat large-batch oil-water mixture, and has stable separation effect, but has the defects of large occupied area and low separation efficiency. The separation effect of the ultrasonic method is relatively good, but the ultrasonic equipment is expensive, and the application cost of the treatment process is high. The adsorption method can be used for treating the dissolved oil in the oil-water mixture, and the separated water quality is good. But the adsorption treatment process needs to build a treatment site with larger occupied area, and the investment of adsorption equipment is high; and the adsorbent in the adsorption treatment process is difficult to recover, and the treatment cost is relatively high. The chemical coagulation method can be used for treating emulsified oil in oil water, the oil water treatment operation of the chemical coagulation method is simple, the technology is mature, but the equipment occupies a large area, a large amount of medicament needs to be added, and secondary pollution is easy to generate. The electrolytic method has high oil removal efficiency and strong operation sustainability, but has high energy consumption and complex equipment, and the electrolysis can generate explosive gas hydrogen. The membrane separation method intercepts substances such as macromolecules, particles, colloids and the like by means of the pore size of the membrane, has high separation efficiency and simple operation, but has high maintenance cost of equipment, poor thermal stability and no corrosion resistance.
Aiming at various defects of the existing oil-water separation technologies, a novel oil-water separation technology or equipment which has good oil-water separation effect and low use cost and is easy to popularize and apply is needed to be provided; solves the increasingly severe pollution problem of the oily wastewater. There is currently no relevant device or method available.
Disclosure of Invention
The problems of high cost and poor separation effect in various oil-water separation technologies in the prior art are solved. The invention provides a bionic capillary separation plate and an oil-water separation device thereof.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a bionic capillary separation plate is used for carrying out component separation on oil and water in an oil-water mixed solution through capillary action. The bionic capillary separation plate comprises a substrate and a lobe array connected to the substrate.
Wherein, the substrate is a rectangular plate; the upper surface of the substrate has a channel recessed downward. The channel is parallel to the length direction of the substrate, and divides the upper surface of the substrate into two areas with the same shape and size, namely a first diffusion area and a second diffusion area.
The array of lobes are distributed within the first diffusion region and the second diffusion region, respectively. The lobe array is formed by arranging a plurality of lobe-shaped fins according to a rectangular array. The orientation and distribution density of all fins in the array of lobes within the first diffusion region and the second diffusion region are the same. Each fin is obliquely connected to the substrate, and the inclination angle R between each fin and the substrate is 40 degrees. Specifically, the fins on the substrate are all obliquely directed to the other side of the channel along one side of the channel of the substrate. Wherein, the height H between the tip of the fin and the plane of the substrate is not more than 800 μm. The length L of the fin is less than 1245 μm. The width W is less than 500 μm. In the lobe array in the first diffusion area or the second diffusion area, the root distance d1 between two fins adjacent from head to tail is equal to any one middle value of the capillary lengths of two types of liquid components to be separated; the side surface distance d2 between two adjacent fin surfaces is smaller than d1.
As a further improvement of the invention, each fin is egg-shaped when unfolded, and the fins have an arc in both the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction. Defining the connecting line direction from the base to the tip of the fin as longitudinal direction, and the connecting line direction of two sides of the fin vertical to the longitudinal direction as transverse direction; then in the lobe array, the transverse radius of curvature ρ of each fin is 1 400 μm, longitudinal radius of curvature ρ 2 And 650 μm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the bionic capillary separation plate is prepared by adopting a hydrophilic material, so that oil-water mixed liquid with different components can wet the bionic capillary separation plate.
As a further improvement of the invention, the bionic capillary separation plate is prepared from an Apium PP material or photosensitive resin and is processed by 3D printing.
The invention also comprises an oil-water separation device, which is used for separating the oil-water mixed liquid into oil-content liquid and water-content liquid according to the difference of surface tension. This oil-water separator includes: bionic capillary separation plate, box, pipe, and valve.
The invention also comprises an oil-water separation device which is used for separating different components in the oil-water mixed liquid into oil-content liquid and water-content liquid according to the difference of surface tension. This oil-water separator includes: bionic capillary separator, box, conduit and valve.
The bionic capillary separator is obtained by symmetrically stacking two bionic capillary separation plates; the gaps between the two bionic capillary separation plates when being stacked enable the fins on the bionic capillary separation plates to be close to but not in contact with each other. An invaginated U-shaped slot is arranged on the circumferential direction of the side surface of the substrate in the bionic capillary separator; and the bottoms of the channels in the bionic capillary separation plate are provided with through holes penetrating through the substrate.
The box body comprises a liquid storage cavity and a separation cavity which are mutually isolated; the vertical height of the liquid storage cavity is higher than that of the separation cavity. The upper part of the liquid storage cavity is communicated with a liquid inlet. A plurality of horizontal partition plates for connecting the bionic capillary separator are arranged on the inner wall of the separation cavity; the thickness of the horizontal partition plate is matched with the width of the U-shaped slot on the side surface of the substrate, so that the bionic capillary separator can be inserted on the partition plate along the gap between two adjacent partition plates. The combination body of the horizontal clapboard and the bionic capillary separation plate after being spliced divides the separation cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. In the upper cavity, the outer side edges of a first diffusion area and a second diffusion area in the bionic capillary separation plate are respectively connected with a flow guide groove for collecting oil or water; the diversion trench is respectively communicated with the oil outlet and the moisture outlet on the box body.
The conduit is used for communicating the liquid storage cavity with the lower cavity of the separation cavity, so that fluid in the liquid storage cavity can automatically flow into the lower cavity of the separation cavity. The valve is arranged on the guide pipe; the valve is used to regulate the flow rate of fluid from the reservoir chamber into the lower chamber of the separation chamber.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the box body, when the number of the bionic capillary separators which are simultaneously inserted into the partition plates is a plurality, the extending directions of the channels of each bionic capillary separator are parallel to each other. And the direction of the warped piece in the corresponding bionic capillary separation plate in the two adjacent bionic capillary separators is opposite, so that the liquid components collected at the mutually close sides in the two adjacent capillary separators are the same.
As a further improvement of the invention, at least one side wall of the box body is provided with a box door which can be opened and closed, and the bionic capillary separator in the box body is replaced by opening the box door. The joint of the box door and the main body part of the box body is provided with a sealing gasket or a sealing ring, and the joint of the partition plate and the bionic capillary separator is also provided with a sealing gasket or a sealing ring.
As a further improvement of the invention, the liquid inlet above the liquid storage cavity is in a funnel shape with the upper caliber larger than the lower caliber. And a detachable filter plate is arranged at the communication position of the liquid inlet and the liquid storage cavity. The filter plate is used for filtering solid impurities in the fluid flowing into the liquid storage cavity.
As a further improvement of the invention, a liquid level meter for detecting the liquid level in the separation cavity is arranged in the separation cavity.
Or an observation window for observing the liquid level height in the separation cavity is arranged on the side wall of the box body. And a marking line which is flush with the bionic capillary separator is arranged at the position of the liquid level meter or the observation window and is used as a liquid level warning line in the liquid phase separation process.
As a further improvement of the invention, the oil-water separation device also comprises a controller, and the valve adopts an electromagnetic valve. The controller is electrically connected with the liquid level meter and the electromagnetic valve; the controller is used for acquiring the detection result of the liquid level meter; and dynamically adjusting the opening of the electromagnetic valve according to a preset comparison table of liquid level height-electromagnetic valve opening so that the liquid level height in the separation cavity is always flush with the bionic capillary separator.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention designs a special bionic capillary separation plate according to the flow dividing characteristic generated by a special blade structure of the taxus chinensis and the like in the biological world, and the special lobe array in the bionic capillary separation plate can enable components with different surface tensions in an oil-water mixed solution to be diffused on the oil-water mixed solution according to different paths.
By utilizing the special performance of the designed bionic capillary separation plate, the invention further designs the self-driven oil-water separation device which can effectively separate oil and water in oil-water mixed liquid and can separate mixed emulsion formed by immiscible components with different surface tensions.
The oil-water separation device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low production and manufacturing cost, wide applicability and capability of being used for component separation of various oil-water mixed liquids with different components. When the method is used for treating the oily wastewater, the separation effect is better, and the use cost is lower. Meanwhile, the equipment provided by the invention has small volume, can be applied in various scenes, and has great popularization and application prospects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bionic capillary separation plate structure provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 and fig. 3 are schematic structural views of a fin on a biomimetic capillary separation plate in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic partial structural views of a combined state of a fin and a substrate in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil-water separation device (only one set of bionic capillary separators is used) provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a biomimetic capillary separation plate used in the biomimetic capillary separator of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a biomimetic capillary separator used in the oil-water separation device provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil-water separator using two sets of biomimetic capillary separators in example 2 of the present invention.
Labeled as:
1. a substrate; 2. a fin; 3. a box body; 4. a conduit; 5. a valve; 6. a biomimetic capillary separator; 7. a filter plate; 8. a horizontal partition plate; 11. a channel; 12. a through hole; 13. a slot; 31. a liquid storage cavity; 32. a separation chamber; 33. and (4) a liquid inlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a bionic capillary separation plate which is used for carrying out component separation on oil and water in an oil-water mixed liquid through capillary action. As shown in fig. 1, the biomimetic capillary separation plate comprises a substrate 1 and a lobe array connected to the substrate 1.
Wherein, the substrate 1 is a rectangular plate; the upper surface of the substrate 1 contains a channel 11 which is recessed downwards. The channel 11 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the substrate 1, and the channel 11 divides the upper surface of the substrate 1 into two regions having the same shape and size, which are a first diffusion region and a second diffusion region, respectively, corresponding to the left and right sides of the channel 11 in fig. 1.
The array of lobes are distributed within the first diffusion region and the second diffusion region, respectively. The lobe array is formed by arranging a plurality of lobe-shaped fins 2 in a rectangular array. The orientation and distribution density of all fins 2 in the array of lobes within the first diffusion area and the second diffusion area are the same. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, each fin 2 is obliquely attached to substrate 1, and an inclination angle R between fin 2 and substrate 1 is 40 °. Specifically, the fins 2 on the substrate 1 are all obliquely directed to one side of the channel 11 of the substrate 1 toward the other side of the channel 11. Wherein, the height H of the tip of the fin 2 from the plane of the substrate 1 is not more than 800 μm. The length L of the fin 2 is less than 1245 μm. The width W is less than 500 μm. In the lobe array in the first diffusion area or the second diffusion area, the root distance d1 between two fins 2 adjacent from head to tail is equal to any one middle value of the capillary lengths of two types of liquid components to be separated; the side spacing d2 of two fins 2 adjacent to each other is smaller than d1.
The bionic capillary separation plate realizes the separation effect mainly through the structural simulation of the selective flow-dividing characteristics of the araucaria leaf to different fluids in nature. The araucaria leaf has a special flow dividing characteristic; when water is poured on the surface of the araucaria leaf, the water spreads in one direction; while pouring alcohol over the leaves will spread in the other direction. This is due to the unique structure of araucaria blades which allows two types of fluids with different tensions to flow in different directions under the influence of capillary action. Specifically, a low surface tension fluid will flow in the pitch direction of the blade, while a high surface tension fluid will flow against the pitch direction of the blade.
The bionic capillary separation sheet shown in fig. 1 is designed according to the characteristics, and as can be seen from the results shown in fig. 1, a channel 11 which is recessed downwards is etched in the middle of a substrate 1; and a plurality of fins 2 similar to the araucaria blade structure are densely distributed on two sides of the channel 11, the fins 2 are similar to the ratchet on the ratchet wheel, but a certain gap exists between the roots of two fins 2 adjacent from head to tail. The lobe arrays formed by fins 2 are distributed equally on the left and right sides of channel 11, so that the left side of channel 11 extends in the direction along the inclination of fin 2, and the right side of channel 11 extends in the direction opposite to the inclination of fin 2.
After the distance d1 between the roots of each fin 2 is set to be the middle value of the capillary length of two liquid-phase components to be separated, oil and moisture in the oil-liquid mixture in the channel 11 are attracted by different capillary forces when being diffused outwards, and the driving force of the front edge can overcome the pinning effect enough when the liquid moves; further, the self-separation effect is exhibited in which oil and water are diffused to both sides. And the separation process is realized spontaneously by the driving force in the fluid without manual intervention.
The application method of the bionic capillary separation plate provided by the embodiment is as follows: after the oil-water mixed liquid to be separated is added into the channel 11 in the middle of the substrate 1, water molecules and oil molecules in the oil-water mixed liquid can be diffused along the base and the tip of the fin 2 respectively due to different capillary forces, and reach the first diffusion area and the second diffusion area respectively. Further realizing the technical effect of effectively separating oil and water in the oil-water mixed liquid.
In order to improve the separation efficiency of the bionic capillary separation plate in the embodiment, the embodiment also comprises a pair of leavesThe structure of each fin 2 in the array of lobes is further improved. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, each fin 2 is egg-shaped when unfolded, and the fin 2 has an arc in both the lateral and longitudinal directions. The connecting line direction from the base to the tip of the fin 2 is defined as longitudinal direction, and the connecting line direction on two sides of the fin 2 vertical to the longitudinal direction is transverse direction; the transverse radius of curvature ρ of each fin 2 in the lobe array 1 400 μm, longitudinal radius of curvature ρ 2 And 650 μm. By adopting the special bionic structure shown in fig. 4 and 5, the effect of the capillary action of different fluids on the lobe array can be further enhanced, the diffusion efficiency of the fluids on the lobe array is improved, and the oil-liquid separation efficiency of the bionic capillary separation plate is further improved.
Particularly, when the method is applied to separation of an oil-liquid mixture of most conventional edible oil and water, the optimal separation effect can be obtained when the root distance d1 between two fins 2 adjacent end to end in the array of vanes is set to 750 μm, and the side distance d2 between two fins 2 adjacent to the side is set to 400 μm.
Considering that different materials have different affinities for different components, the affinity of the materials for each component in the oil-water mixed solution has a certain influence on the final oil-water separation effect. The bionic capillary separation plate provided by the embodiment is prepared from a hydrophilic material and is wetted; and further lays a foundation for generating a selective directional fluid diffusion motion state in a subsequent process. So that the oil-water mixed liquid with different components can be used as the bionic capillary separation plate
Besides material affinity, in order to ensure the service life of the bionic capillary separation plate; the weather resistance such as high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and the performance such as structural strength of the material are also indexes to be considered. In order to ensure good structural strength and weather resistance and prolong the service life of the material. The bionic capillary separation plate in the embodiment is prepared from an Apium PP material or photosensitive resin.
Since the bionic capillary separation plate provided by the embodiment has a fine microstructure on the micrometer scale, and the structure has a crucial influence on the performance of the product. Therefore, the bionic capillary separation plate provided by the embodiment is processed by a 3D printing technology.
Example 2
In addition to the biomimetic capillary separation plate of the embodiment, the embodiment further provides an oil-water separation device as shown in fig. 6, the oil-water separation device is used for separating the oil-water mixed liquid into an oil component liquid and a water component liquid according to the difference of surface tension. This oil-water separator includes: bionic capillary separator 6, box 3, conduit 4, and valve 5.
As shown in fig. 7, the biomimetic capillary separator 6 is formed by symmetrically stacking two biomimetic capillary separation plates as in embodiment 1, and the distance between the two biomimetic capillary separation plates enables the fins 2 on the two biomimetic capillary separation plates to be close to but not in contact with each other.
In order to mount the bionic capillary separation plate into the box 3 for use, as shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, an inward-recessed U-shaped slot 13 is provided in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the substrate 1 of the bionic capillary separation plate; so as to be convenient for inserting the bionic capillary separation plate on the horizontal clapboard 8 in the box body 3. In the bionic capillary separation plate of the embodiment, the bottom of the channel 11 is provided with a through hole 12 penetrating through the substrate 1; the through holes 12 can facilitate the oil-water mixture to be separated to enter the channel 11 between the two bionic capillary separation plates.
The box body 3 comprises a liquid storage cavity 31 and a separation cavity 32 which are mutually isolated; liquid storage chamber 31 is vertically higher than separation chamber 32. An inlet 33 is connected to the upper part of the liquid storage cavity 31. A plurality of horizontal partition plates 8 used for connecting the bionic capillary separator 6 are arranged on the inner wall of the separation cavity 32; the thickness of the horizontal partition plates 8 is matched with the width of the U-shaped slot 13 on the side surface of the substrate 1, so that the bionic capillary separator 6 can be inserted on the partition plates along the gap between two adjacent partition plates. The separation cavity 32 is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by the combination body formed by splicing the horizontal clapboard 8 and the bionic capillary separation plate. In the upper cavity, the outer side edges of the first diffusion area and the second diffusion area in the bionic capillary separator 6 are respectively connected with a flow guide groove for collecting oil or water. The diversion trench is respectively communicated with an oil outlet and a moisture outlet on the box body 3.
In this embodiment, it can also be found by combining fig. 6 that the horizontal partition plates 8 connected to the two bionic capillary separation plates naturally form a closed space, so that the horizontal partition plates 8 can be appropriately deformed to form a required flow guide groove, and thus different separated liquid components can be received.
The use method of the oil-water separation device comprises the following steps: the user fills the oil-water mixture to be separated into the liquid storage cavity 31 of the box body 3 through the liquid inlet 33. The conduit 4 is kept in a conducting state, so that the oil-water mixed liquid to be separated can continuously flow into the separation cavity 32 at a constant speed, the liquid level height in the separation cavity 32 is further continuously increased, when the liquid level height of the separation cavity 32 reaches the bottom of the channel 11 in the middle of the bionic capillary separator 6, the oil-water mixed liquid to be separated can enter the channel 11 along the through hole 12, and the liquid level height is kept to continuously increase.
When the liquid level reaches the height flush with the surface of the fin 2 in the bionic capillary separator 6, the oil-water mixed liquid to be separated is attracted by the lobe array to generate a dispersion effect, and oil or water in the oil-water mixed liquid is diffused outwards through the first diffusion area or the second diffusion area respectively.
Because the height of liquid storage cavity 31 is greater than and is higher than separation chamber 32, therefore the liquid in the liquid storage cavity 31 can continuously flow into separation chamber 32 under the action of gravity in, and different components on the bionic capillary separation plate can be derived by the guiding gutter after reaching the edge of substrate 1, therefore this kind of diffusion process can continuously continue, until the oil-water mixture that waits to separate in the liquid storage cavity 31 exhausts. In the operation process of the whole device, the liquid level of the oil-water mixture to be separated in the liquid level separation cavity 32 is only required to be higher than the upper surface of the lower substrate 1 and smaller than the highest point of the fin 2 in the lobe array.
In the separation process of the device provided by this embodiment, the energy used is that the oil-water mixture has gravitational potential energy at a relatively high position in the liquid storage chamber 31. Namely, the power output is not required to be additionally carried out through other mechanical equipment in the separation process, and the separation process can be spontaneously completed; and therefore has a lower energy consumption for operation. Meanwhile, the bionic capillary separator 6 in the device can be repeatedly used, and when the gap of the fin 2 is blocked by impurities, the separation effect is poor. Only the bionic capillary separator 6 needs to be disassembled and cleaned. The device therefore also presents little to no high consumable costs. In summary, the cost of the oil-water separation device provided by the embodiment in the application process almost comes from the equipment purchase cost only. Similarly, the device has simple structure and lower manufacturing cost during batch production, thereby being very suitable for popularization and application and generating good economic benefit and environmental protection value.
In order to improve the separation efficiency of the oil-water separation device provided by the embodiment. A plurality of bionic capillary separators 6 can also be used in the oil-water separation device, and in this embodiment, the oil-water separation device provided in fig. 9 is a product that uses two sets of bionic capillary separators 6 at the same time. At this moment, when the number of the bionic capillary separators 6 which are simultaneously inserted into the horizontal partition plates 8 in the box body 3 is multiple, the extending directions of the channels 11 of each bionic capillary separator plate are parallel to each other, and the directions of the warping pieces 2 in the two adjacent bionic capillary separators 6 are opposite. Therefore, the liquid components collected on the sides close to each other in the two adjacent capillary separation plates can be the same, and the component collection is facilitated. In fig. 9, the oil collecting area is marked as "i", and the moisture collecting area is marked as "ii".
In the oil-water separator provided in this example, an openable and closable box door is provided on at least one of the side walls of the box 3. The bionic capillary separator 6 in the box body 3 is replaced by opening the box door. As can be seen from the foregoing description, the arrangement density of the leaf arrays in the biomimetic capillary separation plate is mainly determined by the surface tension of the two types of components to be separated. Therefore, when separating oil-water mixed liquid with different components, different types of bionic capillary separators 6 (different types, different sizes and different arrangement densities of the fins 2) should be selected and used.
In the embodiment, the bionic capillary separator 6 is designed to be in a plug-in detachable connection mode, and the door of the box body 3 is set to be in an openable structure; the bionic capillary separator 6 is convenient to replace when different oil-water mixed liquids are separated. Meanwhile, the bionic capillary separator 6 blocked by impurities can be replaced conveniently when the same oil-liquid mixture is separated.
The principle of the communicating vessels is applied to a plurality of structures in the device of the embodiment, so that the connection of all detachable structures needs to be sealed in order to ensure the connection tightness of all the structures in the device and the tightness among different cavities. In addition, the air holes for balancing the air pressure of the internal cavity are also formed in different cavities in the box body 3. Meanwhile, the present embodiment further provides a gasket or a sealing ring at the connection between the box door and the main body portion of the cabinet 3. A sealing gasket or a sealing ring is also arranged at the joint of the partition plate and the bionic capillary separator 6.
In this embodiment, the liquid inlet 33 above the liquid storage cavity 31 is funnel-shaped with an upper caliber larger than a lower caliber. In order to avoid the solid matter and impurity in the oil-water mixture to be separated in the liquid storage cavity 31 from blocking the bionic capillary separation plate, the detachable filter plate 7 is arranged at the communication position of the liquid inlet 33 and the liquid storage cavity 31. The filter plate 7 is used for filtering solid impurities in the fluid flowing into the liquid storage chamber 31. The detachable design of the filter plate 7 may facilitate the replacement or cleaning of the filter plate 7. Structurally, a boss structure can be arranged at the joint of the liquid inlet 33 and the liquid storage cavity 31, and the filter plate 7 is connected on the boss in an overlapping mode.
Since the liquid level in the separation chamber 32 needs to be controlled during use of the apparatus, in other preferred real-time solutions, a liquid level gauge for detecting the liquid level in the separation chamber 32 is also provided in the separation chamber 32. Or an observation window for observing the liquid level in the separation chamber 32 is arranged on the side wall of the box body 3.
Meanwhile, a marking line which is flush with the upper surface of the substrate 1 of the bionic capillary separation plate is arranged at the position of the liquid level meter or the observation window, and the marking line is used as a liquid level warning line in the liquid phase separation process. The user only needs to adjust the opening degree of the valve 5, so that the liquid level in the separation cavity 32 is always kept close to the liquid level warning line, and the continuous separation of the components in the device can be ensured.
In other embodiments, the apparatus can also be designed as an automated device. The adjustment of the valve 5 is designed to be in a form of automatic adjustment of a controller, so that the dependence of the operation process of the equipment on manpower is further reduced. Specifically, the oil-water separation device further comprises a controller, and the valve 5 is an electromagnetic valve. The controller is electrically connected with the liquid level meter and the electromagnetic valve. The controller is used for acquiring the detection result of the liquid level meter; and dynamically adjusting the opening of the electromagnetic valve according to a preset comparison table of liquid level height-electromagnetic valve opening: during the adjustment, the opening of the valve 5 is increased when the liquid level in the separation chamber 32 decreases too fast, and the opening of the valve 5 is decreased when the liquid level increases too fast. Thereby the liquid level in the separation cavity 32 is always kept in a state of being approximately flush with the fin 2 in the bionic capillary separator 6.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A bionic capillary separation plate is used for carrying out component separation on oil and water in an oil-water mixed solution through capillary action; characterized in that the biomimetic capillary separation plate comprises:
a substrate which is a rectangular plate; the upper surface of the substrate comprises a channel which is concave downwards; the channel is parallel to the length direction of the substrate, and divides the upper surface of the substrate into two areas with the same shape and size, namely a first diffusion area and a second diffusion area; and
an array of lobes distributed within the first and second diffusion regions, respectively; the lobe array is formed by a plurality of lobe-shaped fins according to the arrangement mode of a rectangular array; the orientation and distribution density of all fins in the lobe array in the first diffusion region and the second diffusion region are the same; each fin is obliquely connected to the substrate, the inclination angle R between each fin and the substrate is 40 degrees, and the height H between the tip of each fin and the plane of the substrate is not more than 800 microns; the length L of the fin is less than 1245 μm; the width W is less than 500 μm; in the lobe array, the root distance d1 between two fins adjacent to each other end to end is equal to any middle value of the capillary lengths of two types of liquid components to be separated; the side surface distance d2 between two adjacent fin on the side surface is smaller than d1; the fin is egg-shaped when unfolded, and the fin has radians along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction; defining the connecting line direction from the base to the tip of the fin as longitudinal direction, and the connecting line direction of two sides of the fin vertical to the longitudinal direction as transverse direction; in the lobe array, the transverse curvature radius rho 1 of each fin is 400 μm, and the longitudinal curvature radius rho 2 is 650 μm;
the bionic capillary separation plate is made of hydrophilic materials, so that oil-water mixed liquid with different components can wet the bionic capillary separation plate.
2. The biomimetic capillary separation plate of claim 1, wherein: the bionic capillary separation plate is made of an Apium PP material or photosensitive resin and is formed by 3D printing.
3. An oil-water separation device for separating an oil-water mixture into an oil component liquid and a water component liquid according to a difference in surface tension, characterized in that: the oil-water separation device comprises:
the bionic capillary separator is formed by symmetrically stacking two bionic capillary separation plates according to claim 1 or 2 by taking the plate surfaces containing the fins as opposite surfaces; the fin on the bionic capillary separation plate is close to but not in contact with the gap between the two bionic capillary separation plates; an invaginated U-shaped slot is arranged on the circumferential direction of the side surface of the substrate in the bionic capillary separator; the bottom of the channel in the bionic capillary separation plate is provided with a through hole penetrating through the substrate;
the box body comprises a liquid storage cavity and a separation cavity which are mutually isolated, and the vertical height of the liquid storage cavity is higher than that of the separation cavity; a liquid inlet is communicated with the upper part of the liquid storage cavity; the inner wall of the separation cavity is provided with a plurality of horizontal clapboards used for connecting the bionic capillary separator, and the thickness of each horizontal clapboard is matched with the width of the U-shaped slot on the side surface of the substrate, so that the bionic capillary separator can be inserted on the clapboards along the gap between two adjacent clapboards; the separation cavity is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a combination body formed by splicing the horizontal partition plate and the bionic capillary separation plate; in the upper cavity, the outer side edges of a first diffusion area and a second diffusion area in the bionic capillary separation plate are respectively connected with a diversion trench for collecting oil or water in sequence; the diversion trench is respectively communicated with an oil outlet and a moisture outlet on the box body; a liquid level meter for detecting the liquid level height in the separation cavity is arranged in the separation cavity; or the side wall of the box body is provided with an observation window for observing the liquid level height in the separation cavity; a marking line which is flush with the bionic capillary separator is arranged at the liquid level meter or the observation window and is used as a liquid level warning line in the liquid phase separation process;
the catheter is used for communicating the liquid storage cavity and the lower cavity of the separation cavity, so that the fluid in the liquid storage cavity can automatically flow into the lower cavity of the separation cavity; and
a valve mounted on the conduit; the valve is used for regulating the flow rate of fluid flowing from the fluid storage cavity into the lower cavity of the separation cavity.
4. The oil-water separator according to claim 3, wherein: in the box body, when a plurality of bionic capillary separators are simultaneously inserted into the partition plates, the extending directions of the channels of all the bionic capillary separators are parallel to each other; and the direction of the fins in the corresponding bionic capillary separating plate in the two adjacent bionic capillary separators is opposite, so that the liquid components collected at the mutually close sides in the two adjacent capillary separators are the same.
5. The oil-water separator according to claim 3, wherein: at least one side wall of the box body is provided with a box door capable of being opened and closed, and the bionic capillary separator in the box body is replaced by opening the box door; and a sealing gasket or a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the box door and the main body part of the box body, and a sealing gasket or a sealing ring is also arranged at the joint of the partition plate and the bionic capillary separator.
6. The oil-water separator according to claim 3, wherein: the liquid inlet above the liquid storage cavity is in a funnel shape with the upper caliber larger than the lower caliber; a detachable filter plate is arranged at the communication part of the liquid inlet and the liquid storage cavity; the filter plate is used for filtering solid impurities in the fluid flowing into the liquid storage cavity.
7. The oil-water separator according to claim 3, wherein: the oil-water separation device also comprises a controller, and the valve adopts an electromagnetic valve; the controller is electrically connected with the liquid level meter and the electromagnetic valve; the controller is used for acquiring the detection result of the liquid level meter; and dynamically adjusting the opening of the electromagnetic valve according to a preset comparison table of liquid level height-electromagnetic valve opening so that the liquid level height in the separation cavity is always flush with the bionic capillary separator.
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