CN114522881A - Winnowing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a winnowing machine, wherein a cavity and a settling chamber positioned at the downstream of a separating component are arranged in a shell, at least one part of a belt conveying mechanism is positioned in the cavity of the shell, the separating component is positioned at the downstream of the belt conveying mechanism, a blowing device is positioned in the cavity of the shell, a return air input component, a first return air component and a second return air component are transversely arranged at the top of the shell along the shell, and at least one part of the return air output component is positioned in the cavity of the shell; the input and the deposit room cooperation of return air input component, the output of return air input component is connected with the input of first return air subassembly, and the output of first return air subassembly is connected with the input of second return air subassembly, and the output of second return air subassembly is connected with return air output component's first input, and return air output component's output is connected with blast apparatus's input. The invention has the advantage of reducing the occupied area.

Description

Winnowing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly equipment, in particular to a winnowing machine.

Background

Winnowing machines have gradually become essential devices for processing kitchen waste, construction waste and other fields of light and heavy material sorting processes. For example, CN112676157A discloses a garbage winnowing device, in which light and heavy materials are conveyed by a second conveyor belt to above a conical hopper and fall down, and heavy materials pass through the conical hopper and fall down on a third conveyor belt, and are conveyed by the third conveyor belt; selecting different blowing angles and air quantities according to the size and the density of the light materials to blow up the light materials, and meanwhile, rotating the roller towards the settling chamber to drive the light materials to enter the settling chamber for settling; the dust-containing gas in the settling chamber is filtered by a filter screen to remove part of light materials, then the dust and clean gas are separated by a cyclone separator, and the clean gas flows back to the centrifugal fan through a return air pipe to be recycled; the adjusting mode of the blowing angle is that the motor drives the connecting shaft to rotate through the main bevel gear and the auxiliary bevel gear, and the connecting shaft drives the blowing nozzle to rotate by a certain angle through the connecting plate.

The garbage winnowing equipment has the following problems:

(1) after the light and heavy materials are output from the second conveyor belt, the light and heavy materials are separated from the components in the equipment only through the action of wind power blown out by the air blowing nozzle, and due to the fact that the distance exists between the second conveyor belt and the roller, the light and heavy materials cannot be completely separated only through the wind power blown out by the air blowing nozzle, namely, a part of light materials still fall into the conical hopper, and therefore the separation efficiency of the light and heavy materials is low.

(2) The regulation of the angle of blowing is that motor drive owner bevel gear and drives the connecting axle from bevel gear and rotate, the connecting axle passes through the connecting plate and drives the blowing nozzle and rotate certain angle, this kind of structure relation leads to the blowing nozzle can only accomplish pivoted action, in the in-service use process, the material is diversified, because different materials need different wind force values, with the separation effect that the degree needs, although the size of output wind-force can be adjusted, this kind of adjustment is the unicity, interval between blowing nozzle and the material cylinder can not be adjusted, thereby above-mentioned air classification equipment can not decide the most preferred wind-force according to the condition of material.

(3) The air separation feeding mode comprises the following steps: the material output by the first conveyor belt directly falls on the second conveyor belt, and the defect of the mode is that the material is directly fed onto the second conveyor belt without being dispersed, so that the material is easy to form local accumulation, and when the material is output from the second conveyor belt, the winnowing efficiency is reduced due to the local accumulation.

(4) One end of a return air pipe in the equipment is communicated with the cyclone separator, and the other end of the return air pipe is communicated with the centrifugal fan. Clean gas separated by the return air pipe fitting is recycled, so that airflow in the whole shell is stable, and great interference to the outside cannot be caused. However, since the return air duct is located on the left side of the housing, the return air duct needs to separately occupy a longitudinal space, which results in an increase in the size of the apparatus in the longitudinal direction, resulting in a large floor space for the apparatus.

(5) And because the heavy materials directly fall into the tapered hopper, the impact force of the heavy materials on the tapered hopper is large, and the tapered hopper is easy to damage.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a winnowing machine capable of reducing floor area.

The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:

the winnowing machine comprises a shell, a belt conveying mechanism, a separating assembly, a blowing device and a return air assembly, wherein a cavity and a settling chamber positioned at the downstream of the separating assembly are arranged in the shell, at least one part of the belt conveying mechanism is positioned in the cavity of the shell, the separating assembly is positioned at the downstream of the belt conveying mechanism, the blowing device is positioned in the cavity of the shell, the return air assembly comprises a return air input component, a first return air assembly, a second return air assembly and a return air output component, the return air input component, the first return air assembly and the second return air assembly are arranged at the top of the shell along the transverse direction of the shell, and at least one part of the return air output component is positioned in the cavity of the shell;

the input and the subsider cooperation of return air input unit, the output of return air input unit and the input of first return air subassembly are connected, and the output of first return air subassembly is connected with the input of second return air subassembly, and the output of second return air subassembly is connected with the first input of return air output unit, and the output of return air output unit is connected with blast apparatus's input.

The air return component is arranged at the top of the shell along the transverse direction of the shell, so that the air return component is attractive, does not occupy the longitudinal space of equipment, reduces the occupied area, and does not interfere other objects in a field.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a first air classifier;

figure 1a is a perspective view of a portion of a winnowing machine;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a preferred dispersion hopper;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the dispersion hopper of FIG. 2 in another orientation;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an adjustment mechanism in a dispersion feed hopper;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the material flow direction of the bulk feed hopper during operation;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of portion R of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 7 is a partial block diagram of the air classifier shown in FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of portion P of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1 a;

fig. 10 is a block diagram of a portion of the air classifier of fig. 1a in another orientation;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of section Q of FIG. 10;

fig. 12 is an isometric view of a portion of the air classifier shown in fig. 1;

fig. 13 is a partial schematic view of a second air classifier;

FIG. 14 is a structural view of a second first adjustment mechanism;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the return air input member;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the first return air assembly;

fig. 17 is a perspective view of a second return air assembly;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the quick lock assembly;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the return air output member;

the device comprises a dispersive feed hopper A, a feed hopper body 1, a cover body 1a, a dust collection part 2, a feed inlet 3, a material receiving part 4, an observation window 5, an access door 6, a mounting flange seat 7, a skirt part 8, a material dispersing part 9, a limiting part 10, a positioning part 11, a dustproof cover 12, a supporting part 13, a blocking shaft arch 14, a rotating plate seat 15, a sliding shaft 16, a pull rod 17, a nut 18, a screw shaft 19, a protective sleeve 20, a round nut 21, a supporting sleeve 22, a hand wheel 23, a semi-circular plate 24, a sliding sleeve 25, a sliding cavity a, an inner cavity b, a guide column c, a material receiving surface d, a main plate surface e and a collection chamber f;

the device comprises a shell B, an outer shell 30, an inner bracket 31, a first assembling hole 32, a slide rail 33, a settling chamber 34, a containing groove 35, a bracket 36 and a light material belt conveying mechanism 37;

a belt conveying mechanism C, a first motor 40, a first speed reducer 41, a belt transmission mechanism 42 and a support frame 43;

the separating component D, a second motor 44, a second speed reducer 45, a mounting seat 46 and a distributing roller 47;

a blowing device E, a blower 50, a blowing nozzle 51, a swing arm 52, a folded portion 52a, a first hole 53, a second hole 54, a third hole 55, a first lead screw 56, a first connecting seat 57, a first connecting member 58, a second connecting member 58a, an intermediate connecting member 59;

a first adjusting mechanism F, a lifting bracket 60, a first connecting frame 60a, a second connecting frame 60b, a first driving mechanism 61, a second driving mechanism 62, a diagonal frame 63, a scale 64 and a locking screw 65;

a scraping assembly G, a scraper 70 and a scraper seat 71;

the air return component H, an air return input component 80, a box body 80a, a filter screen 80b, a first air return hole 80c, an air return duct 80d, a first air return component 81, a first air return duct 81a, a particulate matter recovery port 81b, a baffle 81c, a discharge valve component 81d, a second air return duct 82a, an inspection port 82b, an inspection door 82c, a fixed seat 82d, a groove 82e, a driving arm 82f, a handle 82g, a bolt 82H, a positioning head 82i, an air return output component 83, a main air return duct 83a and an air supply component 83 b;

and the material accumulation component K encloses the baffle 90, the first material accumulation table 91 and the second material accumulation table 92.

Detailed Description

The following contents refer to light materials and heavy materials with larger weight, and the heavy materials with larger weight refer to the heavy materials which fall into the material accumulation assembly after being separated from the light materials in the air separation.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the air separator of the present invention includes a dispersing type feed hopper a, a housing B, a belt conveying mechanism C, a separating assembly D, a blowing device E, a first adjusting mechanism F, a scraping assembly G, a return air assembly H, and a material accumulating assembly K, and the relationship between each part and each part will be described in detail below:

as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the dispersive feeding hopper a is installed on the top of the casing B, and the output end of the material conveying mechanism outside the air classifier is located on the top of the casing B or above the casing B, so that the feeding of the air classifier of the present invention is located on the top of the whole machine.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the dispersion hopper a drops the material onto the belt conveyor C in a dispersed manner, with the output end of the dispersion hopper a being located above the belt conveyor C. The structure and the operation mechanism of the dispersion type hopper A are explained in detail as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the dispersive feeding hopper a comprises a feeding hopper body 1 and a receiving mechanism, wherein a feeding port 3 is arranged on the feeding hopper body 1, and the feeding port 3 is used for inputting materials before air separation. In this embodiment, preferably, the feeding hopper body 1 further includes a cover body 1a for covering dust on one side of the feeding opening 3, and the dust collecting component 2 is disposed on the cover body 1 a.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a belt conveying mechanism C for receiving materials is generally disposed below the feeding hopper body 1, and when the materials are directly dropped on the belt conveying mechanism C after being output from the air separator of the present invention, the dust is prevented from flying around by the shielding effect of the cover body 1a because the dust is generally contained in the garbage, and the dust is guided away by the dust collecting part due to the air inducing effect of the dust collecting part 2.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the receiving mechanism includes a receiving component 4 and one or more material dispersing components 9 for dispersing the material, the receiving component 4 has a receiving surface d for guiding the material to move, at least a part of the receiving component 4 is located in the feeding port 3, the receiving component 4 is matched with the feeding hopper body 1, and an included angle formed between the receiving surface d of the receiving component 4 and the axial direction of the feeding port 3 is smaller than 90 °, so that the receiving surface d is arranged in an inclined state, and when the material falls on the receiving surface d, the material slides from top to bottom along the receiving surface d. Because the material is dispersed to the periphery after colliding with material receiving component 4, the material receiving component 4 of consequently slope is favorable to dispersing the material.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the material dispersing component 9 is disposed on the material receiving surface d of the material receiving component 4, and for the material falling on the material receiving surface d, due to the existence of the material dispersing component 9, the moving material is forced to be dispersed along the material dispersing component 9, so as to avoid the material from falling on a certain position on the belt conveying mechanism C in a concentrated manner.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in the present embodiment, the width of the material dispersing member 9 from one end to the other end is gradually increased, and the middle portion of the material dispersing member 9 is raised so that the surfaces located on both sides of the middle portion of the material dispersing member 9 form radial dispersing surfaces, and the material dispersing member 9 is preferably formed in a cone shape. The dispersing member 9 of this structure is advantageous for better dispersion of the material.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in order to better guide the material and reduce the impact force generated by the material falling onto the belt conveying mechanism C, the invention further comprises a skirt portion 8 for buffering and guiding the material dispersed by the material receiving mechanism, wherein one end of the skirt portion 8 is fixed with the hopper body 1, the other end of the skirt portion 8 is a discharging end, and the discharging direction of the material receiving component 4 is opposite to the discharging direction of the skirt portion 8.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the surface of the skirt portion 8 is also an inclined surface, which forms an angle of less than 90 ° with the axial direction of the feed inlet 3, and a part of the skirt portion 8 is located in the feed inlet 3, so that the skirt portion 8 provides a buffering effect on materials output from the receiving mechanism when the skirt portion 8 receives the materials.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, another portion of the skirt portion 8 extends to the outside of the feed opening 3, so that the distance between the discharge end of the skirt portion 8 and the belt conveyor C is shortened, and the effect of reducing the impact force of the material on the belt conveyor C is achieved. The part of the skirt 8 extending outside the feed opening 3 is in the form of a barrier which also shields dust.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention further comprises an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of the material receiving component 4, and the material receiving component 4 is movably connected with the feeding hopper body 1 through the adjusting mechanism. The inclination angle of the material receiving component 4 is adjusted through the adjusting mechanism, so that the pneumatic material receiving device can be suitable for air separation of different materials or different air separation speeds.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in the present embodiment, the adjusting mechanism includes a supporting member 13, a sliding shaft 16, and a driver for driving the sliding shaft 16 to move, the supporting member 13 is connected to the feeding hopper body 1, and the receiving member 4 is engaged with the supporting member 13; the sliding shaft 16 is connected with the material receiving part 4, a sliding cavity a is arranged on the side wall of the feed hopper body 1, and two ends of the sliding shaft 16 are matched with the sliding cavity a; the drive is connected to the slide shaft 16.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in this embodiment, the material receiving member 4 is preferably a plate-shaped member, the supporting member 13 is preferably a shaft-shaped member, and both ends of the supporting member 13 are respectively fixed to the hopper body 1. At least a part of the sliding shaft 16 and the driver is positioned in the cover body 1a, the material receiving component 4 is provided with a rotating plate seat 15, the rotating plate seat 15 is provided with a through hole, and the sliding shaft 16 penetrates through the through hole on the rotating plate seat 15, so that the sliding shaft 16 is connected with the material receiving component 4.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the sliding cavity a is formed in the side wall of the cover body 1a, the sliding cavity a preferably adopts a strip-shaped hole, the sliding shaft 16 is in clearance fit with the sliding cavity a, when the sliding shaft 16 moves along the sliding cavity a, the sliding shaft 16 drives one end of the material receiving component 4 to move, and since the material receiving component 4 is supported by the supporting component 13, when the material receiving component 4 moves, the inclination angle of the material receiving component 4 is adjusted.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a blocking axle arch 14 for limiting the moving range of the supporting component 13 is arranged on the receiving component 4, and the supporting component 13 passes through the blocking axle arch 14. Keep off the axle arch 14 by the arch and connect in the blocking part at arch both ends and constitute, blocking part and material receiving part 4 fixed connection back, keep off the axle arch 14 and connect the hole of stepping down of formation between material receiving part 4, support component 13 passes the hole of stepping down, and support component 13's diameter is less than the height in the hole of stepping down, consequently, when material receiving part 4 removes, if keep off the blocking part on the axle arch 14 and support component 13 when supporting, then material receiving part 4 can't continue to remove, consequently, material receiving part 4's moving range is the interval between two blocking parts.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the driver comprises a pull rod 17, a screw shaft 19 and a support sleeve 22, wherein one end of the pull rod 17 is connected with the sliding shaft 16, and the other end of the pull rod 17 is provided with a nut 18; one end of the screw shaft 19 is provided with threads, and the threads at one end of the screw shaft 19 are in threaded connection with the nut 18 on the pull rod 17; the other end of the pull rod 17 is provided with an inner cavity b, the inner cavity b is a step hole, the nut 18 is positioned in a large-diameter hole of the inner cavity b, the other end of the screw shaft 19 is provided with a guide column c, and the guide column c is in clearance fit with the small-diameter hole of the inner cavity b.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the supporting sleeve 22 is fixed to the feeding hopper body 1, the screw shaft 19 passes through the supporting sleeve 22, the supporting sleeve 22 is internally provided with a sliding sleeve 25, the screw shaft 19 passes through the sliding sleeve 25, the screw shaft 19 is provided with limiting components positioned at two ends of the supporting sleeve 22, and the limiting components are matched with the end part of the supporting sleeve 21. Because the two ends of the screw shaft 19 are limited by the limit components and can not move axially, the screw shaft 19 and the pull rod 17 form a screw mechanism, when the screw shaft 19 rotates, the pull rod 17 moves linearly, and the pull rod 17 drives the material receiving component 4 to move through the sliding shaft 16.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the limiting component includes a limiting protrusion disposed on the circumferential surface of the screw shaft 19, the limiting protrusion being located on one side of the support sleeve 21, and the limiting protrusion being integrally formed with the screw shaft 19. The limiting component further comprises a round nut 21 and a semi-circular plate 24 which are positioned on the other side of the supporting sleeve 21, the screw shaft 19 penetrates through the round nut 21 and the semi-circular plate 24, and the round nut 21 and the semi-circular plate 24 can be fixed with the supporting sleeve 21 or fixed with the feeding hopper body 1. A hand wheel 23 is fixed at the end part of the screw shaft 19, and the hand wheel 23 rotates the screw shaft 19 to adjust the inclination angle of the material receiving component 4, so that the inclination angle of the material receiving component 4 is adjusted to 40-50 degrees.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the adjusting mechanism further includes axial limiting members 10 disposed at both ends of the sliding shaft 16, and a positioning member 11 engaged with the limiting members 10 to limit the sliding of the sliding shaft 16, wherein the positioning member 11 is fixed to the feeding hopper body 1, and the positioning member 11 is located outside the sliding cavity a.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the sliding shaft 16 can be prevented from being separated from the sliding cavity a by the axial limiting component 10, the limiting component 10 is Y-shaped, and the limiting component 10 is connected with the sliding shaft 16 through threads. The positioning component 11 is preferably a strip-shaped component, and when the limiting component 10 abuts against the positioning component 11, the sliding shaft 16 is limited by the positioning component 11.

The working process of the dispersive feeding hopper A is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the material in the previous pass enters the feed port 3, collides with the receiving component 4 under the action of inertia and gravity, disperses the material in the collision process, forcibly disperses the material in the material flow center section due to the characteristics of the belt conveyor by the receiving surface d of the material dispersing component 9, uniformly falls on the main plate surface e of the skirt portion 8 after deceleration, collides with the main plate surface e again to obtain dispersion, falls on the belt conveying mechanism C after passing through the skirt portion 8, collides with the belt conveying mechanism C for the third time to obtain dispersion, and then enters the next pass. Therefore, the material is prevented from directly falling onto the belt conveying mechanism C to form a pile by the action of the receiving member 4 and the main plate surface e of the skirt portion 8.

The dust generated by the falling and collision of the material is collected in the collection chamber f of the cover body 1a and is discharged out of the hopper body by the dust collection part 2.

According to the material components, the feeding speed and the flow, the hand wheel 23 can be rotated to drive the screw shaft 19 to rotate, and the screw shaft 19 and the pull rod 17 form a screw rod mechanism, so that the pull rod moves linearly when the screw shaft 19 rotates, and the sliding shaft 16 moves in the sliding cavity a, and the angle between the whole material receiving component 4 and the skirt part 8 is changed. The screw threads on the screw shaft 19 and the pull rod 17 are both trapezoidal threads, so that the handle 22 stops rotating under the self-locking action of the trapezoidal screw pair, and the material receiving component 4 keeps constant in position, thereby realizing random adjustment as required and adapting to production requirements.

As shown in fig. 1, 8 and 9, a cavity is arranged in the casing B, the casing B of the present invention includes an outer casing 30 and an inner support 31, the cavity is the cavity in the outer casing 30, the inner support 31 is located in the cavity, a first assembling hole 32 is arranged on the inner support 31, and the support 31 is used for supporting or connecting the belt conveying mechanism C, the separating assembly D and the blowing device E.

An accommodating groove 35, a bracket 36 and a light material belt conveying mechanism 37 are arranged in the settling chamber 34, the accommodating groove 35 is supported on the bracket 36 and fixed with the bracket 36, the bottom of the accommodating groove 35 is hollow, the light material belt conveying mechanism 37 is installed on the bracket 36, and the light material belt conveying mechanism 37 is matched with the bottom of the accommodating groove 35.

Referring to fig. 1 and 6, at least a portion of the belt conveyor C is located in the cavity of the housing B, in the present invention, the belt conveyor C is entirely located in the cavity of the housing B, the belt conveyor C is located below the skirt portion 8 of the dispersion type feed hopper a, and the material sliding out of the skirt portion 8 directly reaches the belt conveyor C, and the belt conveyor C is composed of a first motor 40, a first speed reducer 41, a belt transmission mechanism 42, and a support frame 43, wherein an output end of the first motor 40 is connected to an input end of the first speed reducer 41, an output end of the first speed reducer 41 is connected to the belt transmission mechanism 42, the belt transmission mechanism 42 is mounted on the support frame 43, and the support frame 43 is slidably engaged with the inner support frame 31, and when the belt conveyor C is subjected to a pushing force or a pulling force, the belt conveyor C can slide along the inner support frame 31.

As shown in fig. 1, 7 to 9, the separating assembly D is located in the cavity of the housing B, the separating assembly D is a rotating separating assembly, the separating assembly D is located downstream of the belt conveying mechanism C, the separating assembly D includes a second motor 44, a second speed reducer 45, a mounting seat 46 and a distributing roller 47, the second motor 44 is connected to an input end of the second speed reducer 45, the second speed reducer 45 is fixed on the mounting seat 46, an output end of the second speed reducer 45 is connected to the distributing roller 47, the distributing roller 47 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 46, and the mounting seat 46 is fixed to the inner bracket 31.

As shown in fig. 1, 7, 8 and 11, a blowing device E is located in the cavity of the housing B, the blowing device E includes a blower 50, a blowing nozzle 51, a swing arm 52 and a first driving assembly, and an output end of the blower 50 is connected with the blowing nozzle 51; the fan 50 is a centrifugal fan, in order to reasonably utilize the space in the shell B and avoid increasing the volume of the winnowing machine, the fan 50 is preferentially arranged below the belt conveying mechanism C, and the output end of the fan 50 is connected with the air blowing nozzle 51 through a pipeline.

As shown in fig. 1, 7 to 9, the swing arm 52 is hinged to the housing B or the separating assembly D, in this embodiment, the swing arm 52 is preferably hinged to the mounting base 46, the swing arm 52 is composed of a first connecting section and a second connecting section, one end of the first connecting section is hinged to the mounting base 46, and after the other end of the first connecting section is fixed to the second connecting section, an included angle is formed between the first connecting section and the second connecting section, so that the swing amplitude of the swing arm 52 can be conveniently controlled during adjustment, and the airflow direction of the blowing nozzle 51 can be easily tangent to the circumferential surface of the distributing roller 47.

As shown in fig. 1, 7 to 9, the swing arm 52 is provided with a first adjusting mechanism for adjusting a distance between the blowing nozzle 51 and the separating assembly D, the blowing nozzle 51 is connected to the swing arm 52 through the first adjusting mechanism, the first adjusting mechanism includes a first hole 53, a second hole 54, and a plurality of first locking members (not shown in the drawings), in this embodiment, the swing arm 52 is provided with a folded portion 52a inside, the first hole 53 and the second hole 54 are respectively provided on the folded portion 52a, preferably, the first hole 53 and the second hole 54 are arranged in a staggered manner, the first hole 53 and the second hole 54 are both strip-shaped holes, the first locking members respectively pass through the first hole 53 and the second hole 54 to be connected to the blowing nozzle 51, so that the blowing nozzle 51 and the swing arm 52 are fastened into a whole, and the first locking members preferably adopt screws.

As shown in fig. 1, 7 to 9, the purpose of the present invention of adjusting the distance between the air blowing nozzle 51 and the separating assembly D by the first adjusting mechanism is to change the magnitude of the air current output from the air blowing nozzle 51 acting in the tangential direction of the separating assembly D, i.e., the smaller the distance between the air blowing nozzle 51 and the separating assembly D, the larger the tangential force acting on the separating assembly D by the air current output from the air blowing nozzle 51, and the larger the distance between the air blowing nozzle 51 and the separating assembly D, the smaller the tangential force acting on the separating assembly D by the air current output from the air blowing nozzle 51.

On the other hand, since the heavy material may fall down after colliding with the separation assembly D, if the distance between the blowing nozzle 51 and the separation assembly D is too small, when the heavy material falls, the heavy material is easily hit on the blowing nozzle 51, which may cause damage to the blowing nozzle 51, and therefore, the present invention selects an appropriate distance according to the characteristics of the material through the first adjustment mechanism, so as to achieve the effect of separating the light and heavy materials, and also to prevent the blowing nozzle from being hit.

As shown in fig. 1, 7 to 9, the swing arm 52 is further provided with a second adjusting mechanism, and the first driving assembly cooperates with the second adjusting mechanism to adjust the height of the air blowing nozzle 51 and the air flow angle. The second adjustment mechanism includes a third hole 55 and a second lock member, the third hole 55 is provided on an outer wall surface of the swing arm 52, and the third hole 55 is preferably a strip-shaped hole.

As shown in fig. 1, 7 to 9, the first driving assembly includes a first lead screw 56, a first connecting seat 57 having a threaded hole, the first lead screw 56 is threadedly coupled to the threaded hole of the first connecting seat 57, and the second locking member passes through the first connecting seat 57 and the first assembling hole 32 and then is engaged with the third hole 55.

As shown in fig. 1, 7 to 9, since one end of the swing arm 52 is hinged to the mounting seat 46, when the first driving assembly drives the other end of the swing arm 52 to move up or down, the swing arm 52 is rotated, so that on one hand, the height of the air blowing nozzle 51 mounted on the swing arm 52 is changed, and on the other hand, the angle of the air flow output of the air blowing nozzle 51 is changed relative to the distributing roller 47. Through the adjustment, when the distance between the air blowing nozzle 51 and the separating assembly D is adjusted through the first adjusting mechanism to change, the flow direction of the air flow output by the air blowing device E is tangent to the circumferential surface of the separating assembly D through the adjusting action of the second adjusting mechanism and the first driving assembly, so that the air separation efficiency is ensured.

As shown in fig. 1, 10 and 11, in the present invention, the position of the belt transfer mechanism C is adjusted by the first adjusting mechanism F so that the material output from the belt transfer mechanism C collides with the separating assembly D, and in the present embodiment, the collision of the material with the separating assembly D is the fourth time, and the dispersion can be obtained as well. First adjustment mechanism F is connected with casing B and area transport mechanism C respectively, and blast apparatus E output air current's flow direction is tangent with separator module D's global, and when the material of taking transport mechanism C output collided with separator module D, the light material was along separator module D's circumferential motion under the effect of air current propelling movement and separator module D rotation, and the heavy material after the collision carries out the free falling body motion under self action of gravity.

As shown in fig. 1, 10 and 11, the materials are scattered by the dispersive feed hopper a and fall onto the belt conveying mechanism C, and are conveyed to the separation assembly D through the belt conveying mechanism C, and light and heavy material separation is required to be completed at the separation assembly D. In the invention, after the position of the output end of the belt conveying mechanism C is adjusted by the first adjusting mechanism F, the material output from the belt conveying mechanism C collides with the material distributing roller 47 in the separating assembly D, and the following advantages are brought by the relationship:

(1) the distance between the output end of the belt conveying mechanism C and the distributing roller 47 is controlled as required, after the materials collide with the distributing roller 47, the distances between the materials and the distributing roller 47 are very close, even some materials are attached to the surface of the distributing roller 47, and the flow direction of the air flow output by the air blowing device E is tangent to the peripheral surface of the separating assembly D, and under the common acting force of the air flow and the distributing roller 47, the light materials move along with the distributing roller 47, so that the collision relation not only depends on the air flow blown out by the air blowing nozzle to separate the light materials and the heavy materials, but also takes away the light materials by the common acting force of the air flow and the distributing roller 47, and the separation effect is improved. The invention is particularly suitable for the air separation of the construction waste. The invention has the advantages that: improve the success rate of material selection by winnowing and separation, and ensure the overall working speed of the production line. The adaptability to different materials is expanded, and the influence of dust particles on the normal operation of the equipment is reduced.

(2) And after the materials collide, the potential energy of the heavy materials is reduced, so that when the heavy materials fall downwards freely, the initial speed of the heavy materials is reduced, and the risk of smashing other parts is reduced.

(3) Because the position of the output end of the belt conveying mechanism C is adjustable, and the material output from the belt conveying mechanism C collides with the material distributing roller 47, the phenomenon that the material output from the belt conveying mechanism C directly falls on the air blowing nozzle 51 to smash the air blowing nozzle 51 is avoided.

In the invention, after the first adjusting mechanism F adjusts the belt conveying mechanism C, the position where the material output from the belt conveying mechanism C collides with the separating component D is the middle upper part of the separating component D, namely the preferred collision position is the middle upper part of the distributing roller 47, and after the collision occurs at the position, the light material is easier to move along with the distributing roller 47 due to the centrifugal force of the distributing roller 47 and the acting force of the air flow, so that the air separation effect is better.

As shown in fig. 1, 10 and 11, the first adjusting mechanism F includes a lifting bracket 60, a first driving mechanism 61, and a second driving mechanism 62, one end of the lifting bracket 60 is connected to the belt conveying mechanism C, the other end of the lifting bracket 60 is hinged to the housing B, the first driving mechanism 61 drives the lifting bracket 60 to lift and lower the belt conveying mechanism C, and the first driving mechanism 61 is connected to the lifting bracket 60; one end of the second driving mechanism 62 is connected to the housing B, that is, one end of the second driving mechanism 62 is connected to the inner bracket 31 of the housing B, and the other end of the second driving mechanism 62 is connected to the lifting bracket 60, and the second driving mechanism 62 drives the lifting bracket 60 to move so as to move the belt conveying mechanism C.

As shown in fig. 1, 10 and 11, when the first driving mechanism 61 operates, the first driving mechanism 61 drives the belt conveying mechanism C to ascend or descend, thereby changing the height of the output end of the belt conveying mechanism C. When the second driving mechanism 62 is operated, the second driving mechanism 62 drives the belt transfer mechanism C to move horizontally (the belt transfer mechanism C is slidably engaged with the inner bracket 31 of the housing B), thereby changing the distance between the output end of the belt transfer mechanism C and the dispensing roller 47 in the separating assembly D. When the first driving mechanism 61 and the second driving mechanism 62 both have an adjusting effect on the belt conveying mechanism C, the height, the horizontal position, and the discharging angle of the output end of the belt conveying mechanism C can be changed. Therefore, through the action of the first adjusting mechanism F, the materials output from the belt conveying mechanism C can be ensured to collide with the material distributing roller 47, and the aim of improving the winnowing efficiency is fulfilled.

As shown in fig. 1, 10 and 11, the lifting bracket 60 includes a first connecting frame 60a and a second connecting frame 60b, the first connecting frame 60a and the second connecting frame 60b are inserted to form a clearance fit, the first driving mechanism 61 is a linear driving mechanism, and the linear driving mechanism is connected to the first connecting frame 60a and the second connecting frame 60b respectively.

As shown in fig. 1, 10 and 11, one end of the second connecting frame 60b is provided with a plugging hole, and the first connecting frame 60a is plugged and matched with the plugging hole on the second connecting frame 60 b. The linear driving mechanism preferably adopts a screw rod mechanism, a screw rod of the screw rod mechanism is in rotatable fit with the first connecting frame 60a, a nut of the screw rod mechanism is connected with the second connecting frame 60b, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the nut, and threads on the screw rod and the nut are trapezoidal threads. The second link frame 60b is supported by the cooperation of the screw threads.

As shown in fig. 1, 10 and 11, the first adjusting mechanism F further includes a scale 64, the scale 64 is respectively installed on the second connecting frame 60b and the second driving mechanism 62, when the screw mechanism works to drive the second connecting frame 60b to move up or down relative to the first connecting frame 60a, the scale 64 moves up or down along with the second connecting frame 60b, so that the size of the lifting can be judged, when the second driving mechanism 62 drives the belt conveying mechanism C to move horizontally, the size of the horizontal movement can be judged, whether the position to be adjusted is appropriate can be obtained through calculation, and a basis is provided for accurate adjustment.

In the present invention, the second drive mechanism 62 is also a screw mechanism. The screw rod mechanism in the invention can be manual or electric. The linear driving mechanism can also adopt linear driving components such as air cylinders, hydraulic cylinders and the like.

As shown in fig. 1 and 15 to 19, the return air assembly H includes a return air input 80, a first return air assembly 81, a second return air assembly 82, and a return air output 83, the return air input 80, the first return air assembly 81, and the second return air assembly 82 are disposed on the top of the housing B in the transverse direction of the housing B, and at least a portion of the return air output 83 is located in the cavity of the housing B.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 15 to 19, the input end of the return air input component 80 is matched with the settling chamber 34, the output end of the return air input component 80 is connected with the input end of the first return air component 81, the output end of the first return air component 81 is connected with the input end of the second return air component 82, the output end of the second return air component 82 is connected with the first input end of the return air output component 83, and the output end of the return air output component 83 is connected with the input end of the blowing device E.

As shown in fig. 1 and 15 to 19, the return air input component 80 includes a middle box 80a and a return air duct 80d, a filter screen 80b is installed at an input end of the middle box 80a, which is matched with the settling chamber 34, a first return air hole 80c is formed in the middle box 80a, and after the return air duct 80d is combined with the middle box 80a, the first return air hole 80c is matched with the return air duct 80 d. In this embodiment, two opposite sidewalls of the middle box 80a are provided with first air return holes 80c, and the air return ducts 80d are disposed at two sides of the middle box 80 a. During operation, airflow enters the middle box body 80a after being filtered by the filter screen 80b, and then enters the return air duct 80d through the first return air hole 80 c.

As shown in fig. 1, 15 to 19, the first wind return assembly 81 includes: a first air return channel 81a connected with the air return input component 80, a baffle 81c and a discharge valve component 81d, wherein the first air return channel 81a is connected with the air return channel 80d, the bottom of the first air return channel 81a is provided with a particle recovery port 81b, the baffle 81c is obliquely arranged in the first air return channel 81a and is fixed with the first air return channel 81a, and the baffle 81c is matched with the particle recovery port 81b to enable particles to be blocked by the baffle 81 c; one end of the discharge valve assembly 81d is connected to the particulate matter recovery port 81b, and the other end of the discharge valve assembly 81d is fitted to the settling chamber 34. In this embodiment, the number of the first wind-returning assemblies 81 is plural, and the first wind-returning assemblies 81 are spliced along the lateral direction of the housing.

During operation, the air current enters into first return air duct 81a by return air duct 80d, and the air current is in first return air duct 81a, because a part of air current can be blockked by baffle 81c, consequently, the particulate matter that contains in the air current enters into row material valve assembly 81d under the barrier action of baffle 81c to make some particulate matter get back to and subside in settling chamber 34, and then reduce the particulate matter that enters into blast apparatus E.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 15 to 19, the second air return assembly 82 includes a second air return duct 82a connected to the first air return assembly 81, and an inspection door 82c, and an inspection opening 82b is formed in the bottom of the second air return duct 82 a; one end of the inspection door 82c is hinged with the second air return duct 82 a; the closing of the inspection door 82c forms a snap lock assembly that positions or releases the closing, and the snap lock assembly is fixed to the second return duct 82 a.

If the return air assembly H is blocked, the locking of the inspection door 82c is released through the quick lock assembly, and the blocked position can be observed through the inspection hole 82b, so that the blockage can be taken out.

As shown in fig. 1 and 15 to 19, the quick lock assembly includes a fixed seat 82d, a driving arm 82f, a locking tongue 82h, a positioning head 82i, and a handle 82g for rotating the driving arm 82f, one end of the fixed seat 82d is fixed to the second return air duct 82a, the other end of the fixed seat 82d is provided with a groove 82e, the driving arm 82f is hinged to the fixed seat 82d, the handle 82g is connected to the driving arm 82f, the locking tongue 82h is arranged on the handle 82g, and the positioning head 82i is fixed to the driving arm 82 f. The circumferential surface of the bolt 82h is arc-shaped, so that when the bolt 82h abuts against the groove 82e, a part of the bolt 82h abuts against the groove 82e, and the rest of the space of the groove 82e gives way for releasing the locking of the bolt 82 h. In operation, the handle 82g drives the driving arm 82f to rotate, and when the latch 82h is matched with the bottom of the groove 82e, the positioning head 82i abuts against and holds the inspection door 82 c.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 15 to 19, the return air output component 83 includes a main return air pipe 83a and an air supplement component 83b, an input end of the main return air pipe 83a is connected with the second return air component 82, an output end of the main return air pipe 83a is connected with an input end of the blowing device E, and an air supplement port is arranged on a side wall of the main return air pipe 83 a; one end of the air supply component 83b is matched with an air supply port on the main return air pipe 83a, and the other end of the air supply component 83b is a free end.

Under normal conditions, air flow sequentially passes through the return air input component 80, the first return air component 81, the second return air component 82 and the return air output component 83 and enters the blowing device E, if one of the return air input component 80, the first return air component 81 and the second return air component 82 is blocked, the air supplementing component 83b is started when the blockage is judged according to the pressure difference or the air flow velocity signal, and the air flow enters the main return air pipe 83a through the air supplementing component 83b, so that continuous operation of equipment is ensured.

As shown in fig. 1 and 15 to 19, the accumulating assembly K is disposed below the separating assembly D, and torque generated when the second motor 44 operates is transmitted to the distributing roller 47 through the second speed reducer 45, so that the distributing roller 47 rotates. After the light and heavy materials are separated, the heavy materials fall into the material accumulation assembly K, the heavy materials separated from the separation assembly D fall on the material accumulation assembly K and form accumulation, and the heavy materials continuously separated from the separation assembly D collide with the accumulated materials.

The material accumulation assembly K comprises an enclosing barrier 90, a first material accumulation table 91 and a fastener, wherein the enclosing barrier 90 is closed in the circumferential direction, and openings are formed in two ends of the enclosing barrier 90; the first material accumulation table 91 is positioned in the enclosure 90 and fixed with the enclosure 90; the second material accumulation table 92 is positioned below the first material accumulation table 91, the second material accumulation table 92 is positioned in the enclosure 90, and a waist-shaped hole is formed in the side wall of the enclosure 90; the fastener passes through the waist-shaped hole and is connected with the second material accumulation table 92, so that the second material accumulation table 92 and the enclosure 90 are fixed. Because the fastener cooperates with waist shape hole, consequently, the position of second long-pending material platform 92 can be adjusted, and the position of second long-pending material platform 92 is adjusted according to the condition of selection by winnowing material. Therefore, the impact on the enclosure 90 and the material accumulation table can be reduced, and the service life is prolonged. In addition, since the materials falling from the first material accumulation table 91 or the second material accumulation table 92 fall from the opening of the enclosure 90 onto the belt conveying mechanism (not shown in the figure) located below the opening, the first material accumulation table 91 and the second material accumulation table 92 buffer the heavy materials, so that the falling height of the heavy materials is reduced, and the impact of the heavy materials on the belt conveying mechanism is reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above structure, for example:

as shown in fig. 2, the present invention further includes a dust cover 12, the dust cover 12 is slidably fitted in the feeding hopper body 1, and when the angle of the material receiving component 4 is adjusted, the dust cover 12 is slid to shield the sliding cavity a from the dust cover 12, so as to prevent the dust from flying out of the sliding cavity a.

As figure 2, in order to facilitate the observation of the condition of the feed inlet, two relative observation windows 5 are arranged on the side wall of the feed hopper body 1, the observation windows 5 are positioned on one side of the feed inlet 3, and the condition in the feed inlet 3 can be conveniently observed through the observation windows 5. Still be equipped with access door 6 on the lateral wall of feeder hopper body 1, access door 6 is located the lateral part of feed inlet 3, when the inside trouble that breaks down of feed inlet 3, is convenient for overhaul through access door 6. A mounting flange seat 7 is arranged at the lower part of the feeding hopper body 1, and the whole feeding hopper is convenient to mount and fix through the mounting flange seat 7.

As shown in fig. 4, the actuator further includes a protective cover 20, the protective cover 20 is fitted over the screw shaft 19, one end of the protective cover 20 abuts against an axial end face of the pull rod 17, and the other end of the protective cover 20 is fitted with the support cover 21. Since the main part of the drive is located in the cover 1a and dust is guided through the cover 1a, the main part of the drive is shielded by the protective cover 20, and the main part of the drive is prevented from being contaminated by dust and damaged.

In addition, the driver can adopt the structure, can also adopt linear driving components such as an air cylinder, an oil cylinder and the like, and can also adopt a gear rack linear mechanism.

As shown in fig. 12, the present invention further includes a scraping unit G for scraping the stains adhered to the surface of the separating unit D, and the scraping unit G is disposed at a side portion of the separating unit D. The scraping component G comprises a scraper 70 and a scraper seat 71, the scraper seat 71 is connected with the inner support 31, one end of the scraper 70 is fixed with the scraper seat 71, and the other end of the scraper 70 is in clearance fit with the circumferential surface of the distributing roller 47 in the separating component D. When the distribution roller 47 rotates, the dirt attached to the circumferential surface of the distribution roller 47 is scraped off by the scraper 70.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the air blowing device E of the present invention is different from the above-described embodiment in that: one end of the swing arm 52 is hinged with the separating component D, and preferably, one end of the swing arm 52 is hinged with the journal part of the distributing roller 47. The other end of the swing arm 52 is hinged to the first assembling hole 32, the first assembling hole 32 is a strip-shaped hole, the first driving assembly comprises a first connecting component 58, an intermediate connecting component 59 and a second connecting component 58a, one end of the first connecting component 58 is connected with the other end of the swing arm 52, the other end of the first connecting component 58 is connected with one end of the intermediate connecting component 59, the other end of the intermediate connecting component 59 is connected with one end of the second connecting component 58a, and the other end of the second connecting component 58a is connected with the inner support 31.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the intermediate link member 59 is provided at both ends thereof with a plurality of mounting holes, respectively, and the first link member 58 or the second link member 58a is coupled to the mounting holes of the intermediate link member 59 at different positions, thereby allowing the angle of the swing arm 52 and the height of the other end to be at different positions.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, at least one end of the first and second coupling parts 58 and 58a is hooked to facilitate quick coupling with the intermediate coupling part 59 for quick adjustment. In this embodiment, both ends of the first and second coupling parts 58 and 58a are hook-shaped.

According to the above-described modification, the angle of the swing arm 52 and the height of the other end can be changed by providing screw holes at both ends of the intermediate link member 59, and screwing the first link member 58 or the second link member 58a and the intermediate link member 59 to the screw holes.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the first adjusting mechanism F of the present invention may also have a structure in which: the first adjusting mechanism F includes a lifting bracket 60, a first driving mechanism 61, a second driving mechanism 62, and a cable-stayed frame 63, one end of the lifting bracket 60 is connected with the belt conveying mechanism C, and the lifting bracket 60 in this embodiment has the same structure as the lifting bracket in the above-mentioned embodiment, and is not described herein again. The first driving mechanism 61 comprises a screw and a hand wheel, the hand wheel is fixed in the middle of the screw, a first thread is arranged at one end of the screw, a second thread is arranged at the other end of the screw, the first thread and the second thread rotate oppositely, the two ends of the screw are respectively in threaded connection with the lifting support 60, and the lifting support 60 can move up and down by rotating the hand wheel.

As shown in fig. 13 and fig. 14, the other end of the lifting bracket 60 is slidably engaged with the casing B, the outer casing 30 of the casing B is provided with a sliding rail 33, after the lifting bracket 60 is slidably engaged with the sliding rail 33, the lifting bracket 60 is positioned on the sliding rail 33 by a fastening component, for example, the lifting bracket 60 is locked on the sliding rail 33 by using a screw, when adjustment is required, the screw is loosened, and after the adjustment is finished, the lifting bracket 60 is locked on the sliding rail 33 again by using the screw. The first driving mechanism 61 drives the lifting bracket 60 to lift and lower the belt conveying mechanism C, and the first driving mechanism 61 is connected to the lifting bracket 60.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, one end of the second driving mechanism 62 is connected to the housing B, one end of the second driving mechanism 62 is connected to the inner bracket 31, the other end of the second driving mechanism 62 is connected to the lifting bracket 60, and the structure of the second driving mechanism 62 is the same as that of the first driving mechanism 61 in this embodiment, which is not described herein again.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the second driving mechanism 62 is located at a lower portion in the housing B and below the diagonal draw frame 63. The second driving mechanism 62 drives the elevating bracket 60 to slide on the housing B to move the belt transfer mechanism C. One end of the inclined pull frame 63 is hinged with the lifting bracket 60, and the other end of the inclined pull frame 63 is hinged with the belt conveying mechanism C.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, a locking mechanism for locking the first connecting frame 60a and the second connecting frame 60b is provided on the lifting bracket 60, the locking mechanism is a locking screw 65, and is connected to the first connecting frame 60a through the locking screw 65, when locking is required, the locking screw 65 is rotated to abut against the second connecting frame 60b, and when loosening is required, the locking screw 65 is rotated reversely to separate the locking screw from the second connecting frame 60 b.

The structure of the diagonal frame 63 is the same as that of the lifting bracket 60, and will not be described herein.

According to the above structure, the present invention also provides a sorting method, including:

s1, according to the characteristics of the materials, the position and the discharging angle of the belt conveying mechanism C are adjusted through the first adjusting mechanism F, the materials output from the belt conveying mechanism C collide with the separating assembly D, the distance between the air blowing nozzle 51 and the separating assembly D is adjusted through the first adjusting mechanism, the height and the air flow angle of the air blowing nozzle 51 are adjusted through the second adjusting mechanism, and the flow direction of the air flow output by the air blowing device E is tangent to the peripheral surface of the separating assembly D; the material characteristics comprise the state, humidity and the like of the material, and the state refers to factors such as the size and density of the blocky material in the material. The above adjustment values can be obtained by combining multiple experiments.

And S2, after adjustment, the material enters the feed inlet 3 of the dispersive feed hopper A, collides with the material receiving part 4 under the action of inertia and gravity, is forcedly dispersed by the material receiving surface d of the material dispersive part 9 due to the characteristic of a belt conveyor in the central section of the material flow, uniformly falls onto the main plate surface e of the skirt part 8 after deceleration, and falls onto the belt conveying mechanism C after passing through the skirt part 8.

And S3, the material output from the belt conveying mechanism C collides with the separating component D, after collision, the light material moves along the circumferential direction of the separating component D under the action of air flow pushing and the rotation of the separating component D, the collided heavy material freely falls under the action of self gravity and enters the first material collecting platform 91 or the second material collecting platform 92 of the material collecting component K, and the material falling from the first material collecting platform 91 or the second material collecting platform 92 falls onto the belt conveying mechanism below the opening from the opening of the enclosure 90.

S4, the distributing roller 47 rotates towards the settling chamber 34, so that the light materials are driven to enter the settling chamber 34 for settling; the material settled to the belt drive 42 is carried away by the belt drive 42.

S5, the airflow passes through the return air input unit 80, the first return air unit 81, the second return air unit 82, and the return air output unit 83 in this order and enters the blower E.

In step S2, according to the material composition, the feeding speed, and the flow rate, the hand wheel 23 is rotated to drive the screw shaft 19 to rotate, and the screw shaft 19 and the pull rod 17 form a screw rod mechanism, so that the screw shaft 19 rotates to make the pull rod move linearly, and further the sliding shaft 16 moves in the sliding cavity a, so that the angle between the whole material receiving part 4 and the skirt part 8 is changed, thereby adjusting the dispersion force to the material and the output speed of the material from the dispersion type feed hopper a.

Claims (10)

1. The winnowing machine comprises a shell (B), a belt conveying mechanism (C), a separating component (D), a blowing device (E) and a return air component (H), wherein a cavity and a settling chamber (34) located at the downstream of the separating component (D) are arranged in the shell (B), at least one part of the belt conveying mechanism (C) is located in the cavity of the shell (B), the separating component (D) is located at the downstream of the belt conveying mechanism (C), and the blowing device (E) is located in the cavity of the shell (B), and is characterized in that the return air component (H) comprises a return air input component (80), a first return air component (81), a second return air component (82) and a return air output component (83), the return air input component (80), the first return air component (81) and the second return air component (82) are transversely arranged at the top of the shell (B) along the shell (B), at least one part of the return air output component (83) is positioned in the cavity of the shell (B);

the input and the cooperation of deposit room (34) of return air input unit (80), the output and the input of first return air subassembly (81) of return air input unit (80) are connected, the output and the input of second return air subassembly (82) of first return air subassembly (81) are connected, the output and the first input of return air output unit (83) of second return air subassembly (82) are connected, the output and the input of blast apparatus (E) of return air output unit (83) are connected.

2. The air classifier of claim 1, wherein the return air input (80) comprises:

the filter screen (80b) is arranged at the input end of the middle box body (80a) matched with the settling chamber (34), and a first air return hole (80c) is formed in the middle box body (80 a);

and the air return duct (80d), after the air return duct (80d) is combined with the middle box body (80a), the first air return hole (80c) is matched with the air return duct (80 d).

3. The air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the first return air assembly (81) comprises:

a first air return channel (81a) connected with the air return input component (80), wherein the bottom of the first air return channel (81a) is provided with a particulate matter recovery port (81 b);

a baffle plate (81c), the baffle plate (81c) is obliquely arranged in the first air return channel (81a) and is fixed with the first air return channel (81a), and the baffle plate (81c) is matched with the particle recovery port (81b) to enable the particles to be blocked by the baffle plate (81 c);

and one end of the discharge valve assembly (81d) is connected with the particle recovery port (81b), and the other end of the discharge valve assembly (81d) is matched with the settling chamber (34).

4. The air separator of claim 1, wherein the second return air assembly (82) comprises:

a second air return duct (82a) connected with the first air return assembly (81), wherein the bottom of the second air return duct (82a) is provided with an inspection opening (82 b);

the inspection door (82c), one end of the inspection door (82c) is hinged with the second air return duct (82 a);

the closing of the inspection door (82c) forms a quick lock assembly for positioning or releasing the closing, and the quick lock assembly is fixed with the second air return channel (82 a).

5. The air classifier of claim 4, wherein the snap lock assembly comprises:

one end of the fixed seat (82d) is fixed with the second air return duct (82a), and the other end of the fixed seat (82d) is provided with a groove (82 e);

the driving arm (82f), the driving arm (82f) is hinged with the fixed seat (82 d);

a handle (82g) which enables the driving arm (82f) to rotate, wherein the handle (82g) is connected with the driving arm (82f), and a bolt (82h) is arranged on the handle (82 g);

a positioning head (82i), the positioning head (82i) being fixed to the driving arm (82 f);

the handle (82g) drives the driving arm (82f) to rotate, and when the bolt (82h) is matched with the groove bottom of the groove (82e), the positioning head (82i) is abutted against and held by the inspection door (82 c).

6. The air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the return air output member (83) comprises:

the input end of the main air return pipe (83a) is connected with the second air return component (82), the output end of the main air return pipe (83a) is connected with the input end of the blowing device (E), and an air supplementing port is arranged on the side wall of the main air return pipe (83 a);

one end of the air supply component (83b) is matched with an air supply port on the main return air pipe (83a), and the other end of the air supply component (83b) is a free end.

7. The air separator according to claim 1, further comprising a material accumulation assembly (K) disposed below the separator assembly (D), wherein the heavy material separated from the separator assembly (D) falls onto the material accumulation assembly (K) and forms a pile, and the heavy material continuously separated from the separator assembly (D) collides with the piled material.

8. Winnowing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the accumulation assembly (K) comprises:

the enclosure (90) is closed in the circumferential direction, and openings are formed in the two ends of the enclosure (90);

the first material accumulation table (91), the first material accumulation table (91) is positioned in the enclosure (90) and is fixed with the enclosure (90);

the second material accumulation table (92) is positioned below the first material accumulation table (91), the second material accumulation table (92) is positioned in the enclosure (90), and a waist-shaped hole is formed in the side wall of the enclosure (90);

and the fastener penetrates through the waist-shaped hole to be connected with the second material accumulation table (92), so that the second material accumulation table (92) is fixed with the enclosure (90).

9. A winnowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a receiving tank (35), a carrier (36) and a light material belt conveyor (37) are provided in the settling chamber (34), the receiving tank (35) being supported on the carrier (36) and being fixed to the carrier (36), the bottom of the receiving tank (35) being hollow, the light material belt conveyor (37) being mounted on the carrier (36), the light material belt conveyor (37) being fitted to the bottom of the receiving tank (35).

10. The air classifier of claim 1, further comprising: a first adjusting mechanism (F) for adjusting the position of the belt conveying mechanism (C) to enable the material output from the belt conveying mechanism (C) to collide with the separating assembly (D), wherein the first adjusting mechanism (F) is respectively connected with the shell (B) and the belt conveying mechanism (C);

the flow direction of air flow output by the blowing device (E) is tangent to the peripheral surface of the separating assembly (D), when materials output by the belt conveying mechanism (C) collide with the separating assembly (D), the light materials move along the circumferential direction of the separating assembly (D) under the action of air flow pushing and the rotation of the separating assembly (D), and the collided heavy materials move in a free falling mode under the action of self gravity.

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