CN114520359A

CN114520359A - Explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system

Info

Publication number: CN114520359A
Application number: CN202210080199.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈泽南; 王海军; 刘少权; 王洪磊; 张亦凡; 朱伟; 任道远; 许强
Original assignee: General Coal Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: General Coal Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-24
Filing date: 2022-01-24
Publication date: 2022-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-24
Also published as: CN114520359B

Abstract

The invention provides an explosion-proof air-cooling fuel cell system which comprises a cell box, a fuel cell stack and a movable grid, wherein the fuel cell stack is positioned in the cell box, the cell box is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively provided with a fixed grid, the movable grid is movably arranged between an opening position and a closing position, the movable grid and the fixed grid are embedded in a staggered mode at the closing position so that the air inlet and the air outlet are closed, and the movable grid and the fixed grid are separated at the opening position so that the air inlet and the air outlet are opened. The explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system provided by the invention can be suitable for high-pollution and severe environments such as coal mines and the like, and has the advantages of high safety, simple structure and low cost.

Description

Explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system.

Background

The cathode open type air-cooled fuel cell is a battery system which is commonly used for small-power equipment such as unmanned aerial vehicles, robots and standby power supplies, and compared with a lithium battery, the battery system has the remarkable advantages of high energy density, long endurance time, short charging time and the like, and compared with other types of fuel cells, the battery system has the advantages of simple structure, large power range, low noise and the like, so that the battery system has wide application prospect.

The anode of the cathode open type air-cooled fuel cell is provided with hydrogen by a high-pressure gas cylinder, and the hydrogen in the gas cylinder enters a sealed anode flow passage of the bipolar plate through a pressure reducing valve and a switch valve, so that part of the gas passage is always in a closed state; the cathode reaction gas of the cathode open type air-cooled fuel cell is directly provided by the atmosphere, the air directly passes through the cathode flow channel of the bipolar plate under the action of the fan, and the air can also play a role of cooling the electric pile while providing oxygen required by the reaction for the cathode side of the membrane electrode, so that the air inlet and the air outlet of the cathode end of the cathode open type air-cooled fuel cell are directly positioned in the atmospheric environment under the working state.

According to the related research, when SO is in the cathode side gas of the fuel cell₂And NO_XWhen the concentration exceeds a certain value, the performance of the fuel cell is obviously or even irreversibly reduced, however, the conventional cathode open type fuel working cell lacks corresponding protection measures, can only be applied to the atmospheric environment with good air quality, and is difficult to be applied to highly polluted environments (such as coal mines and other occasions with severe environments). In addition, when the cathode open type fuel cell is operated in an environment where flammable and explosive gases such as gas exist, an electric spark generated when an abnormally high temperature occurs inside a stack or an auxiliary system thereof may cause explosion, and thus such a fuel cell is difficult to be applied to a place having an explosion-proof requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide an explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system.

The embodiment of the invention provides an explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system, which comprises: the fuel cell stack is positioned in the cell box, the cell box is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and fixed grids are arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet; a movable grill movably disposed between an open position in which the movable grill is interfitted with the fixed grill to close the air inlet and the air outlet and a closed position in which the movable grill is spaced apart from the fixed grill to open the air inlet and the air outlet.

The explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the invention can enable the cathode open type air-cooled fuel cell to be used in a polluted environment, the fuel cell is timely isolated from the outside through the matching of the movable grating and the fixed grating when the environment has an explosion risk, and even if the fuel cell explodes in the cell box, the sealed cell box can also play a role in explosion suppression. Therefore, the explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be suitable for high-pollution and severe environments such as coal mines and the like, and has the advantages of high safety, simple structure and low cost.

In some embodiments, an explosion proof air-cooled fuel cell system includes a filter device including an air screen opposite the air inlet.

In some embodiments, an explosion proof air-cooled fuel cell system includes a fan located within the cell housing and disposed on a side of the fuel cell stack proximate the air outlet.

In some embodiments, the moving grill includes a first grill and a second grill, both of which are located within the battery case, the first grill being opposite to the air inlet, the second grill being opposite to the air outlet, the first grill and the second grill being movably disposed in the gas flow direction.

In some embodiments, the explosion proof air-cooled fuel cell system includes a displacement device acting on the first and second louvers for driving the first and second louvers to move together between an open position and a closed position.

In some embodiments, the first grid side surface is provided with a first sliding groove, the second grid side surface is provided with a second sliding groove, the moving device includes a push rod and a first roller and a second roller respectively connected to two ends of the push rod, the first roller is slidably fitted in the first sliding groove, the second roller is slidably fitted in the second sliding groove, the push rod is movably disposed along a first direction so as to drive the first roller and the second roller to respectively slide along the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove, so as to drive the first grid and the second grid to jointly move along opposite directions, and the first direction is perpendicular to the gas flowing direction.

In some embodiments, the moving device includes a driving device, a slider, and a screw rod, the slider is disposed on the screw rod, the slider is connected to the push rod, the screw rod extends along the first direction, the driving device drives the screw rod to rotate to drive the slider to reciprocate along the screw rod, and the slider moves to drive the push rod to move along the first direction.

In some embodiments, the first grid includes a first grid portion and a first push plate located on one side of the first grid portion, the second grid includes a second grid portion and a second push plate located on one side of the second grid portion, the first push plate and the second push plate extend in opposite directions along the gas flow direction, the first sliding groove is disposed on the outer side of the first push plate, and the second sliding groove is disposed on the outer side of the second push plate.

In some embodiments, the battery compartment is barrel-shaped, and the fixed grid and the moving grid are arc-shaped.

In some embodiments, an explosion proof air-cooled fuel cell system includes a wrap that wraps around the outside of the battery case and urges the battery case inward.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of an explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system in an embodiment of the invention (with the moving grill in the open position).

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system in the embodiment of the present invention (with the moving grill in the closed position).

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the mobile device and the mobile grille in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention (the mobile grille is in the open position).

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the mobile device and the mobile grille in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention (the mobile grille is in a closed position).

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a moving grill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic gas flow diagram of an explosion proof air-cooled fuel cell system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

the fuel cell system comprises a battery box 110, a box body 111, a box cover 112, an air inlet 113, an air outlet 114, an air inlet grille 115, an air outlet grille 116, a guide rail 117, a fuel cell stack 120, a first grille 131, a first grille part 1311, a first push plate 1312, a first sliding groove 1313, a second grille 132, a second grille part 1321, a second push plate 1322, a second sliding groove 1323, an air filter box 141, an air filter screen 142, a fan 143, a push rod 151, a first roller 152, a second roller 153, a driving device 154, a slide block 155, a screw rod 156, a coupling 157, an auxiliary equipment box 160, a hydrogen connecting port 170, a winding layer 180, a fixing partition bar 210 and a moving partition bar 220.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

An explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 10, the explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system including: a battery case 110, a fuel cell stack 120, and a moving grid.

The fuel cell stack 120 is located in the battery box 110, the battery box 110 is provided with an air inlet 113 and an air outlet 114, and the air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114 are both provided with fixed grids. The movable grill is movably disposed between an open position, in which the movable grill is interfitted with the fixed grill to close the air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114, and a closed position, in which the movable grill is spaced apart from the fixed grill to open the air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114. That is, the closing and opening of the battery case 110 can be achieved by the cooperation between the moving grill and the fixed grill.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the fixed grill includes an inlet grill 115 and an outlet grill 116. An inlet grill 115 is provided at the inlet 113, and an outlet grill 116 is provided at the outlet 114. The inlet grill 115 and the outlet grill 116 each include a plurality of horizontally disposed fixed division bars 200, and the fixed division bars 200 have spaces therebetween, which allow air to circulate.

The moving grill includes a first grill 131 and a second grill 132, and the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 are located in the battery case 110. The first grill 131 is opposed to the gas inlet 113, the second grill 132 is opposed to the gas outlet 114, and the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 are movably disposed in the gas flow direction so as to move between the open position and the closed position. The gas flow direction is shown by the arrows in fig. 1, 3, 5, 10.

The first grill 131 and the second grill 132 each include a plurality of horizontally disposed moving division bars 220. The intervals between the moving division bars 220 of the first grill 131 and the fixed division bars 210 of the intake grill 115 are opposite in the gas flow direction, and the intervals between the moving division bars 220 of the first grill 131 and the fixed division bars 210 of the intake grill 115 are opposite in the gas flow direction. The intervals between the movable spacers 220 of the second grill 132 and the fixed spacers 210 of the outlet grill 116 are opposite in the gas flow direction, and the intervals between the movable spacers 220 of the second grill 132 and the fixed spacers 210 of the outlet grill 116 are opposite in the gas flow direction.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 10, the inlet grill 115, the first grill 131, the fuel cell stack 120, the second grill 132, and the outlet grill 116 are arranged in this order in the gas flow direction.

As shown in fig. 2, 4, 6, and 8, in the closed position, the first grill 131 and the intake grill 115 are fitted to each other so that the intake port 113 is closed, that is, the movable partitioning bars 220 of the first grill 131 block the gaps between the fixed partitioning bars 210 of the intake grill 115. The second grill 132 and the outlet grill 116 are interlaced to close the outlet 114, i.e. the movable parting strips 220 of the second grill 132 block the gaps between the fixed parting strips 210 of the outlet grill 116, so that the external air can no longer enter the battery case 110.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 5 and 7, in the open position, the first grill 131 is spaced apart from the inlet grill 115, i.e., the first grill 131 is spaced apart from the inlet grill 115 in the gas flow direction, and the second grill 132 is spaced apart from the outlet grill 116, i.e., the second grill 132 is spaced apart from the outlet grill 116 in the gas flow direction, so that air can enter the battery case 110 to react with the fuel cell stack 120 and then flow out of the outlet port 114.

The grill structure is advantageous in that the battery case 110 can be quickly closed with a short stroke while ensuring the intake air amount of the battery case 110, that is, by providing the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 corresponding to the inlet grill 115 and the outlet grill 116, respectively, the respective moving distances of the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 are short, and the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 can quickly move to block the inlet port 113 and the outlet port 114 in response, thereby achieving the effect of closing the battery case 110.

In addition, since the first grill 131 is spaced apart from the front of the inlet grill 115 and the second grill 132 is spaced apart from the outlet grill 116 in the open position, there is no significant resistance to the flow of air. As shown in fig. 10, the first grid 131 and the inlet grid 115 at the upstream of the fuel cell stack 120 play a role of turbulence, so that the airflow entering the fuel cell stack 120 is more stable, the reaction of each unit cell is more uniform, and the life reduction phenomenon of the fuel cell stack 120 due to the non-uniform reaction can be improved to a certain extent.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the air-cooled fuel cell system further comprises a filtering device comprising an air screen 142, the air screen 142 being opposite the air inlet 113. As an example, as shown in fig. 1, the filtering means includes an air filter case 141 and an air filter 142, the air filter 142 is provided on the air filter case 141, the air filter case 141 is provided outside the battery case 110 and connected thereto, and the air filter 142 is opposite to the air inlet 113. The outside air passes through the empty filter 142 before entering the battery case 110, and the empty filter 142 is used to effectively reduce the concentration of harmful components in the cathode suction gas of the fuel cell.

The air-cooled fuel cell system includes a fan 143, and the fan 143 is located in the battery case 110 and provided on the side of the fuel cell stack 120 near the air outlet 114. The air passing through the fuel cell pair 120 is discharged from the air outlet 114 via the fan 143.

Further, the air-cooled fuel cell system comprises a moving device acting on the first and

second louvers

131 and 132 for driving the first and

second louvers

131 and 132 to move together between the open and closed positions. That is, the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 can be moved to the open position or to the closed position together using the moving device. It is understood that the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 move in opposite directions. When moving to the closed position, the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 move away from each other, and when moving to the open position, the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 move toward each other.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 9, the first grill 131 includes a first grill portion 1311 and a first push plate 1312 located at one side of the first grill portion 131, and the second grill 132 includes a second grill portion 1321 and a second push plate 1322 located at one side of the second grill portion 1321, the first push plate 1312 and the second push plate 1322 extending toward each other in the gas flow direction.

Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 10, the first grill 131 includes two first push plates 1312, the two first push plates 1312 being respectively connected to both sides of the first grill portion 1311, the first push plates 1312 extending from the connection with the first grill portion 1311 in the direction of the gas flow toward the second grill 132. The second grill 132 includes two second push plates 1322, the two second push plates 1322 are respectively connected to both sides of the second grill portion 1321, and the second push plates 1322 extend from the connection with the second grill portion 1321 in the direction of the first grill 131 along the gas flow direction. The first 1312 and second 1322 push plates are both vertically disposed.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the first push plate 1312 has a first sliding groove 1313 formed on an outer side thereof, and the second push plate 1322 has a second sliding groove 1323 formed on an outer side thereof. First sliding groove 1313 and second sliding groove 1323 are both provided obliquely, and the inclination directions of first sliding groove 1313 and second sliding groove 1323 are opposite.

The moving device includes a push rod 151, a first roller 152 and a second roller 153, and the first roller 152 and the second roller 153 are connected to both ends of the push rod 151, respectively. The first roller 152 is slidably fitted in the first slide groove 1313, and the second roller 153 is slidably fitted in the second slide groove 1323. The push rod 151 is movably disposed along a first direction perpendicular to the gas flowing direction to drive the first and

second louvers

131 and 132 to move together in the open and closed positions by driving the first and

second rollers

152 and 153 to slide along the first and second sliding

grooves

1313 and 1323, respectively.

In the present embodiment, the push rod 151 is horizontally disposed, and the first direction is a vertical direction. The moving device further comprises a driving device 154, a sliding block 155 and a screw 156, the sliding block 155 is arranged on the screw 156, the sliding block 155 is connected with the push rod 151, the screw 156 is located between the first grid 131 and the second grid 132 and extends along the first direction, the driving device 154 drives the screw 156 to rotate forward and backward through a coupler 157 to drive the sliding block 155 to move up and down along the screw 156, the sliding block 155 moves to drive the push rod 151 to move along the first direction, and then the first grid 131 and the second grid 132 are driven to move together. The embodiment adopts a group of moving devices to simultaneously realize the movement of the first grid 131 and the second grid 132, and has simple structure and reduced cost.

Alternatively, the drive 154 is a motor and the drive 145 is provided below the lead screw 156.

As shown in fig. 7, the driving device 145 drives the slider 155 to move downward, and both the first grid 131 and the second grid 132 move to the open position, i.e., the first grid 131 and the second grid 132 move toward each other. As shown in fig. 8, the driving device 145 drives the slider 155 to move upward, and both the first grid 131 and the second grid 132 move to the closed position, i.e., the first grid 131 and the second grid 132 move away from each other.

In order to improve the degree of automation and the reaction speed of the air-cooled fuel cell system, the air-cooled fuel cell system further includes a controller (not shown), in which sensors for flammable and explosive gases such as methane and hydrogen, and a temperature sensor (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the fuel cell stack 120 are installed in the battery case 110. When the concentration of a certain gas reaches 50% or more of the explosion limit or when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 120 exceeds the normal operating temperature, the controller sends a signal for closing the battery case 110 to the driving device 145, the driving device 145 operates to drive the slider 16 to move upward along the lead screw 156, the push rod 151 is driven to move upward, the first roller 151 and the second roller 153 slide upward along the first sliding groove 1313 and the second sliding groove 1323, respectively, and the first grid 131 and the second grid 132 are driven to move from the open position to the closed position, thereby closing the battery case 110. And then the controller controls the hydrogen inlet valve, the auxiliary power supply and the anode exhaust valve to be closed in sequence, so that the whole device is powered off, the whole battery system can be timely isolated from the outside under the condition of potential safety problems, and accidents such as explosion can be avoided.

When the controller sends a signal to the driving device 145 to open the battery pack 110, the driving device 145 operates to drive the slider 16 to move down along the lead screw 156, so as to drive the push rod 151 to move down, and the first roller 151 and the second roller 153 slide down along the first sliding groove 1313 and the second sliding groove 1323, respectively, so as to drive the first grill 131 and the second grill 132 to move from the closed position to the open position, thereby opening the battery pack 110. Since the opening between the moving grill and the fixed grill is small and the stroke of the slider 155 is short, the mechanical structure is designed such that the opening and closing of the battery case 110 can be completed in a short time, and a quick response can be achieved in an emergency.

Alternatively, in order to make the force applied symmetrical, the moving means may include two, which act on the left and right sides of the first grill 131 and the second grill 132, respectively, and cooperate based on the instruction.

The moving device is not limited to the above screw rod structure, and in other embodiments, the moving device may be other transmission mechanisms such as a chain and a gear.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the battery box 110 includes a box body 111 and a box cover 112, the box cover 111 is fastened to the top opening of the box body 111 and is in threaded connection with the box body 111, and the box cover 111 can be opened at any time to perform maintenance on the components inside the battery box 110. In order to avoid the shifting of the moving grill during the moving process, two guide rails 117 extending along the moving direction of the moving grill are further disposed in the battery box 110, the lower surface of the box cover 112 is also provided with corresponding guide rails, the first push plate 1312 and the second push plate 1322 both move along the guide rails 117, and are limited by the guide rails 117, and can only move in one direction, so that the accurate movement of the front and rear push plates can be further ensured.

An auxiliary equipment box 160 is further installed at the bottom of the battery box 110, the auxiliary equipment box 160 is used for placing auxiliary lithium batteries, DC/DC, control boards and other equipment, and the hydrogen connection port 7 at the bottom of the battery box 110 is used for introducing a hydrogen pipeline into the anode of the fuel cell stack 120.

In order to ensure that the fuel cell system can be applied to mobile equipment such as a robot dog, an unmanned aerial vehicle and the like, the invention carries out lightweight design on the battery box while ensuring the strength of the battery box. As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the battery case 110 is a cylindrical shape, the air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114 are disposed on the sidewall of the case 111 and are opposite in the radial direction, and the fixed grill and the movable grill are arc-shaped.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, a winding layer 180 is wound around the side wall of the case 111, and the winding layer 180 inwardly presses the battery case. The winding layer 180 is used for applying an inward prestress to the case 111 so that the battery case 110 is always in a compressive stress state, and when the battery case 110 explodes, the prestress applied by the winding layer 180 can offset the tension brought to the battery case 110 by a large part of explosion, so that the tensile strength of the whole case is improved. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes three wraps 180, with the three wraps 180 being spaced apart.

Alternatively, the winding layer 180 may be made of a high specific strength material such as carbon fiber or glass fiber, which provides sufficient strength to the battery case 110 while minimizing the overall structural mass, and the battery case 110 may preferably be made of a lightweight alloy.

In summary, the explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system of the fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the invention can enable the cathode open type air-cooled fuel cell to be used in a polluted environment, and has a quick response capability to an external environment, so that the fuel cell can be timely isolated from the outside when the environment has an explosion risk, and the explosion-proof function can be realized even if the explosion occurs. In addition, due to the adoption of the prestress structure, the explosion-proof function is realized, and the overall weight of the system is reduced, so that the fuel cell system can be applied to mobile equipment such as unmanned aerial vehicles.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system, comprising:

the fuel cell stack is positioned in the cell box, the cell box is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and fixed grids are arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet;

a movable grill movably disposed between an open position in which the movable grill is interfitted with the fixed grill to close the air inlet and the air outlet and a closed position in which the movable grill is spaced apart from the fixed grill to open the air inlet and the air outlet.

2. An explosion proof air cooled fuel cell system according to claim 1 including a filter means including an air screen, said air screen being opposite said air inlet.

3. An explosion proof air cooled fuel cell system according to claim 1 including a fan located within the cell box and disposed on a side of the fuel cell stack adjacent the air outlet.

4. An explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the moving grill includes a first grill and a second grill, both of which are located in the cell case, the first grill being opposed to the gas inlet, the second grill being opposed to the gas outlet, the first grill and the second grill being movably disposed in a gas flow direction.

5. An explosion proof air-cooled fuel cell system according to claim 4, comprising moving means acting on the first and second grills for driving the first and second grills to move together between an open position and a closed position.

6. An explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein the first grill side is provided with a first sliding groove, the second grill side is provided with a second sliding groove, the moving device includes a push rod, and a first roller and a second roller respectively connected to both ends of the push rod, the first roller is slidably fitted in the first sliding groove, the second roller is slidably fitted in the second sliding groove, the push rod is movably provided in a first direction so as to drive the first roller and the second roller to slide along the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove, respectively, thereby driving the first grill and the second grill to move together in opposite directions, the first direction being perpendicular to the gas flowing direction.

7. An explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein the moving device includes a driving device, a slider, and a screw rod, the slider is disposed on the screw rod, the slider is connected to the push rod, the screw rod extends along the first direction, the driving device drives the screw rod to rotate to drive the slider to reciprocate along the screw rod, and the slider moves to drive the push rod to move along the first direction.

8. An explosion-proof air-cooled fuel cell system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the first grille includes a first grille portion and a first push plate located on one side of the first grille portion, the second grille includes a second grille portion and a second push plate located on one side of the second grille portion, the first push plate and the second push plate extend in opposition to each other in the gas flow direction, the first sliding groove is provided on an outer side of the first push plate, and the second sliding groove is provided on an outer side of the second push plate.

9. An explosion proof air-cooled fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein said battery case is of a cylindrical shape, and said fixed grid and said movable grid are of an arc shape.

10. An explosion proof air cooled fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 9, comprising a wound layer which is wound around the outside of the cell cartridge and which presses the cell cartridge inwards.