CN114519679A - Intelligent SAR target image data enhancement method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method, which comprises the following steps: inputting SAR image data to be enhanced, determining an angle of an image to be generated, and carrying out rotary filling on the SAR image data; constructing a high-resolution GAN model, which comprises a generator and a discriminator; the generator comprises in sequence: a first convolutional layer, a plurality of densely connected residual modules, a second convolutional layer, a downsampling layer, and a third convolutional layer; the discriminator comprises four sequence modules; and inputting the SAR image data subjected to the rotation filling into a high-resolution GAN model, and reconstructing to obtain enhanced high-resolution SAR image data. By using the intelligent data enhancement method, some SAR target data sets with small data volume, such as Mstar, can be expanded, and the classification precision is improved. The method can also be used for expanding data sets commonly used for target detection such as SSDD and the like, and improving the detection precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image generation, in particular to an SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method.
Background
China's aviation/aerospace reconnaissance equipment has the capabilities of multi-source, multi-band, multi-mode, multi-application and high-resolution ground imaging. However, compared with the development of imaging equipment, the on-board real-time image interpretation and emergency reconnaissance supporting information application capability are weak. The conversion from reconnaissance image data to information is one of ways to exert the operational efficiency of reconnaissance equipment and improve the utilization rate of the equipment.
The intelligent image interpretation of the missile-borne platform firstly needs to solve the identification problem caused by the missing of a foreign military target database sample, namely the target image is deficient. For an interested foreign military target, the target is in a high-confidentiality or hidden state in non-war time, sample image data of the target is extremely difficult to obtain, generally, only few image samples exist, training of a deep neural network is difficult to support, and the performance of a target identification model is greatly limited. Therefore, for intelligent image interpretation of the missile-borne platform, firstly, intelligent enhancement technology research of the target image needs to be carried out. One method is that from the sample enhancement angle, based on the physical model of the target, the target characteristic libraries with different directions and different angles are obtained by a simulation method, so as to obtain enough samples; the other method is to optimize and improve the existing model and algorithm mechanism for generating the countermeasure network from the perspective of algorithm design aiming at the problem of sample shortage so as to directly realize the direct generation of the end-to-end target image and support the data amount required by the training of the target detection model.
At present, the lack of SAR target image data remains one of the important reasons affecting the accuracy of detection of a specific target. In order to fundamentally improve the robustness and reliability of SAR target detection and identification in the complex and variable battlefield environment, the problem of lack of training samples in target detection needs to be solved, and the research of SAR target image intelligent enhancement technology based on generation of countermeasure network is developed to overcome the problem of lack of training samples in SAR target detection and improve the accuracy of SAR target detection.
Aiming at important military targets of interested outsourcing, the important military targets are in a high-confidentiality state or a hidden state during non-war, sample image data of the important military targets are extremely difficult to obtain, and the important military targets generally have few image samples or even no image samples, are difficult to support training of a deep neural network, and greatly limit the target identification performance of a missile-borne platform. The existing data enhancement technology mainly has the following defects:
(1) most of the data are enhanced by geometric features, and the enhancement technology is single.
(2) Data are enhanced mainly in the network, so that the time for training the model is increased;
(3) the deep learning black box effect is lack of interpretability, so that the learned characteristic representation is lack of physical attributes, and the practical application is difficult to carry out;
(4) the target identification model based on a single data source lacks robustness and cannot cope with mutability and diversity in a complex combat environment.
Therefore, the invention provides an SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method.
The invention provides the following technical scheme.
An intelligent enhancement method for SAR target image data comprises the following steps:
Acquiring SAR image data to be enhanced and an angle at which an image needs to be generated;
rotating SAR image data according to an angle of an image required to be generated, and filling the SAR image data with defects after rotation;
constructing a high-resolution GAN model according to the GAN model, wherein a generator in the high-resolution GAN model sequentially comprises: a first convolutional layer, a plurality of densely connected residual modules, a second convolutional layer, a downsampling layer, and a third convolutional layer; the discriminator in the high-resolution GAN model sequentially comprises four sequence modules, wherein each sequence module comprises two convolution layers, two batches of regularization and two activation functions; the dimensions to which the four sequence modules are mapped are 64, 128, 256 and 512 respectively;
and inputting the filled SAR image data into a trained high-resolution GAN model, and reconstructing to obtain enhanced high-resolution SAR image data.
Preferably, the first convolutional layer convolution kernel is 3, and the step size is 1.
Preferably, the number of densely connected residual blocks is 16.
Preferably, the second convolutional layer convolution kernel is 3, and the step size is 1.
Preferably, the downsampling layer comprises a convolution layer, an activation function and a pixel interpolation, and the pixel interpolation multiple is 2.
Preferably, the third convolutional kernel is 3, and the step size is 1.
Preferably, the pattern of padding comprises: constant, filling the image with the characteristics of consecutive pixels; edge, filling the image with Edge weakening; symmetric, filling in images using Symmetric transformations; reflect, filling up the image using reflection transformation; wrap, fill the image with original image home position pixels.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method, which can expand some SAR target data sets with less data quantity, such as Mstar and the like, and improve the classification precision. The method can also be used for expanding data sets commonly used for target detection such as SSDD and the like, and improving the detection precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison diagram of residual modules for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a generator network architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a network structure of an authenticator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The invention discloses an SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method, which comprises the following steps as shown in figures 1-4:
s1: inputting SAR image data to be enhanced, determining an angle of an image to be generated, and carrying out rotary filling on the SAR image data;
s2: constructing a high-resolution GAN model, comprising a generator and a discriminator, training the high-resolution GAN model by using an SAR image data set, and storing the best weight of training; the SAR image dataset is acquired SAR image data, or one of existing SAR image datasets, such as an Mstar, SSDD, or other SAR target dataset.
The Generator (Generator Network) comprises in sequence: a first convolutional layer, a plurality of densely connected residual modules (RRDB), a second convolutional layer, a downsampling layer, and a third convolutional layer; the first convolution layer convolution kernel is 3, and the step length is 1; 16 densely connected residual modules; the second convolutional layer convolution kernel is 3, and the step length is 1; the down-sampling layer comprises a convolution layer, an activation function (LeakyReLU) and a pixel interpolation (PixelShuffle), and the pixel interpolation multiple is 2; the third convolutional layer convolution kernel is 3, step size is 1. Wherein, the residual module pair is shown in fig. 2, and the generator network structure is shown in fig. 3.
The Discriminator (Discriminator Network) comprises four sequence modules; each sequence module includes: convolutional layer with 3 convolution kernels and step size of 1, batch regularization (BN), activation function (LeakyReLU), convolutional layer with 3 convolution kernels and step size of 2, batch regularization (BN), activation function (LeakyReLU). The dimension to which the pictures of the first sequence module of the discriminator are mapped is 64, and the second to fourth modules are mapped to 128, 256 and 512 respectively. Wherein the network structure of the discriminator is shown in fig. 4.
After the picture is input into the generator, the generator outputs the picture and sends the picture into the discriminator, the discriminator compares the picture of the generator with the real picture, judges whether the picture given by the generator is the real picture, then the generation model improves the generator according to the discrimination model to generate a new picture, and then the new picture is judged by the discriminator. The game scene continues until the generated model and the discrimination model can not promote the game, so that the generated model becomes a perfect model.
S3: and inputting the SAR image data subjected to the rotation filling into a high-resolution GAN model, and reconstructing to obtain enhanced high-resolution SAR image data.
In the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
And inputting an SAR target image, converting the image into an array matrix, and detecting the width and height of the input image. Divide the width and height by 2 and round down to get the center point of the picture. And (3) calculating the rotation radian according to the angle of the image required to be generated by input, and then processing through a mathematical function (math) to obtain the image with the required angle. However, the four corners of the rotated picture may be defective, and therefore the image needs to be padded. The filling modes mainly include the following 5 types: constant, filling the image with the characteristics of consecutive pixels; edge, filling the image with Edge weakening; symmetric, filling in images using Symmetric transformations; reflect, filling up the image using reflection transformation; wrap, fill the image with original image home position pixels.
And selecting a mode of filling the image according to the actual situation according to the difference of the size ratio and the position of the target. The target occupies a small proportion of the image, a Wrap mode is generally adopted, and an Edge mode is generally adopted when the target is larger. And sending the generated image with the specified angle into a newly trained high-resolution GAN (ESRGAN) model to finally obtain an image with any angle subjected to high-resolution enhancement, thereby achieving the purpose of expanding the data set.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring SAR image data to be enhanced and an angle of an image to be generated;
rotating SAR image data according to an angle of an image required to be generated, and filling the SAR image data with defects after rotation;
constructing a high-resolution GAN model according to the GAN model, wherein a generator in the high-resolution GAN model sequentially comprises: a first convolutional layer, a plurality of densely connected residual modules, a second convolutional layer, a downsampling layer, and a third convolutional layer; the discriminator in the high-resolution GAN model sequentially comprises four sequence modules, wherein each sequence module comprises two convolution layers, two batches of regularization and two activation functions; the dimensions to which the four sequence modules are mapped are 64, 128, 256 and 512 respectively;
and inputting the filled SAR image data into a trained high-resolution GAN model, and reconstructing to obtain enhanced high-resolution SAR image data.
2. The SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method of claim 1, characterized in that the first convolution layer convolution kernel is 3, and the step size is 1.
3. The SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method of claim 1, characterized in that the number of the densely connected residual modules is 16.
4. The SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method of claim 1, characterized in that the second convolution layer convolution kernel is 3, and the step size is 1.
5. The intelligent enhancement method for SAR target image data according to claim 1, wherein the down-sampling layer comprises a convolution layer, an activation function, a pixel interpolation multiple of 2.
6. The SAR target image data intelligent enhancement method of claim 1, characterized in that the third convolutional layer convolution kernel is 3, and the step size is 1.
7. The SAR target image data smart enhancement method of claim 1, characterized in that the populated pattern comprises: constant, filling the image with the characteristics of consecutive pixels; edge, filling the image with Edge weakening; symmetric, filling in images using Symmetric transformations; reflect, filling up the image using reflection transformation; wrap, fill the image with original image home position pixels.
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