CN114517716A - Quick-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system and method - Google Patents
Quick-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114517716A CN114517716A CN202210028293.9A CN202210028293A CN114517716A CN 114517716 A CN114517716 A CN 114517716A CN 202210028293 A CN202210028293 A CN 202210028293A CN 114517716 A CN114517716 A CN 114517716A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of air energy storage systems, in particular to a quick-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system. The method comprises the following steps: the air compression branch comprises an air compressor, a high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger and an air storage device which are sequentially connected in series; the air expansion branch comprises an air storage device, a low-temperature side runner of a regenerative heat exchanger, a low-temperature side runner of a photo-thermal reheater and an air expander which are sequentially connected in series; the compression heat circulation loop is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank and a circulating pump, a low-temperature side runner of a heat storage heat exchanger, a high-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank and a circulating pump, and a high-temperature side runner of a regenerative heat exchanger end to end; and the photo-thermal circulation loop is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank, a circulating pump, a photo-thermal heat collection device, a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank, a circulating pump and a high-temperature side runner of a photo-thermal reheater end to end. The system can reduce energy consumption, increase consumption ways of renewable energy sources and shorten the response time of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air energy storage systems, in particular to a quick-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system and method.
Background
The storage of energy, in particular electrical energy, is of great importance for the optimization of the energy structure and the regulation of the operation of the power grid. The compressed air energy storage system is a novel large-scale energy storage technology, the working principle is similar to that of pumped storage, when the power consumption of a power system is in a valley, electric energy is consumed to drive an air compressor, and energy is stored in an air storage device in a compressed air mode; when the electric load of the power system reaches a peak, the stored compressed air is released by the air storage device, and is expanded in the turboexpander to do work and drive the generator to generate electricity; according to the principle, the compressed air energy storage system can complete the conversion of electric energy-air potential energy-electric energy.
When the traditional compressed air energy storage system is used for energy releasing and power generation, air and natural gas are required to be mixed and combusted at first, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is used for expansion work, so that the problems of natural gas dependence and secondary carbon emission exist. The heat insulation compressed air energy storage system optimizes and improves the traditional compressed air energy storage system, and the air is compressed to high temperature in the compression process by adopting a high pressure ratio quasi-heat insulation compression process, then high-temperature (high-grade) compression heat energy is stored and is used for heating the air inlet of an expansion machine, so that the combustion heating of natural gas is replaced, and the dependence of the natural gas and the discharge of secondary carbon are eliminated; however, the high pressure ratio quasi-adiabatic compression will result in increased power consumption during the compression process, limiting the increase in system efficiency.
The other purpose of the energy storage is to smooth fluctuation of output of renewable energy such as wind, light and the like through the energy storage, so that the renewable energy consumption is promoted. However, the conventional compressed air energy storage system adopts a single electric energy storage working mode, and the consumption approach of renewable energy sources is limited to a certain extent.
In addition, as a typical thermodynamic system, the air expander is in a periodic start-stop working mode due to the intermittent operation of the energy storage process and the power generation process. After the unit is stopped for a period of time, the temperature of equipment such as a heat exchanger is reduced due to factors such as heat leakage, and the like, and the temperature rise rate limit of a mechanical structure of large equipment is considered, so that the rated temperature and the full load cannot be reached in a short time, and the response time of a system to power generation scheduling is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of high energy consumption of a compressed air energy storage system, limitation on a consumption way of renewable energy sources and long response time of the system in the prior art, so that the photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system and the method with quick response are provided.
The invention provides a quick-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system, which comprises:
the air compression branch comprises an air compressor, a high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger and an air storage device which are sequentially connected in series;
the air expansion branch comprises a gas storage device, a low-temperature side runner of a regenerative heat exchanger, a low-temperature side runner of a photo-thermal reheater and an air expander which are sequentially connected in series;
the compression heat circulation loop is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank, a low-temperature compression heat carrier circulating pump, a low-temperature side runner of a heat storage heat exchanger, a high-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank, a high-temperature compression heat carrier circulating pump and a high-temperature side runner of a heat regenerative heat exchanger end to end;
and the photo-thermal circulation loop is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank, a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump, a photo-thermal heat collection device, a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank, a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump and a high-temperature side runner of a photo-thermal reheater end to end.
Optionally, a gas-liquid separator is further connected in series between the high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger and the gas storage device.
Optionally, the air compressor is driven by an electric motor.
Optionally, the compression heat circulation loop and the photo-thermal circulation loop are filled with the same or different heat carriers.
Optionally, the air compression branch comprises two or more combinations formed by the air compressor and the high-temperature side runner of the heat storage heat exchanger in series.
Optionally, the air expansion branch includes two or more combinations formed by a low-temperature side runner of the regenerative heat exchanger, a low-temperature side runner of the photothermal reheater, and the air expander, which are connected in series.
The invention provides a quick-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage method which comprises the following steps:
in a time period with sunshine conditions, the low-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump drives the low-temperature photo-thermal carrier in the low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank to fully flow through the photo-thermal heat collection device for heat collection, and meanwhile, the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump drives the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier in the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank to low-load flow through the photo-thermal reheater to maintain the photo-thermal reheater in a hot standby state;
in a time period without sunshine conditions, the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump drives the high-temperature photo-thermal carriers in the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank to flow through the photo-thermal reheater in a low-load manner, and the photo-thermal reheater is maintained in a hot standby state;
at any period, when the air expansion branch receives the dispatching instruction and starts, through high temperature light and heat carrier circulating pump drive high temperature light and heat carrier full load in the high temperature light and heat carrier storage tank flows through the light and heat re-heater, maintains the light and heat re-heater is at full load operating condition.
Optionally, at any time, the air storage device releases compressed air at a small flow rate, so that the compressed air is heated by the photo-thermal reheater and then is raised to a working temperature, and then enters the air expander to maintain the air expander in a hot standby state.
Optionally, the compressed air released by the air storage device can maintain the low-speed operation of the air expander.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the rapid-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system and the rapid-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage method are provided with a photo-thermal circulation loop, compressed air in the air storage device is heated twice by the regenerative heat exchanger and the photo-thermal reheater, the air inlet temperature of the air expander is further increased by utilizing solar photo-thermal, and the work capacity of the air expander can be remarkably improved;
2. according to the photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system and method with the rapid response, the expansion inlet air temperature is further improved by adopting high-temperature photo-thermal, and a quasi-adiabatic compression process with a small pressure ratio can be adopted in the compression process, so that the power consumption of a compressor is reduced, and the system efficiency is improved;
3. according to the quick-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system and method, through coupling solar photo-thermal, the system can also supply heat by utilizing surplus low-grade compressed heat energy, so that a single electricity-electricity energy storage mode is expanded to combined heat and electricity storage-combined supply, and the absorption way and the absorption capacity of renewable energy are increased;
4. according to the rapid-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system and method provided by the invention, the photo-thermal reheater of the air expansion branch and even the air expander are always in a hot standby state by adopting low-price photo-thermal, and the system can directly enter a full-load operation state without preheating or slowly raising the temperature after receiving a power generation instruction, so that the response characteristic of the system is remarkably improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an air compressor; 2. a heat storage heat exchanger; 3. a gas-liquid separator; 4. a gas storage device; 5. a regenerative heat exchanger; 6. a photothermal reheater; 7. an air expander; 8. a low-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank; 9. a low-temperature compression heat carrier circulating pump; 10. a high-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank; 11. a high-temperature compression heat carrier circulating pump; 12. a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank; 13. a low-temperature photothermal carrier circulating pump; 14. a photo-thermal heat collecting device; 15. a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank; 16. high temperature light and heat carrier circulating pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rapid-response photothermal compressed air energy storage system, including:
the air compression branch comprises an air compressor 1, a high-temperature side flow channel of a heat storage heat exchanger 2 and an air storage device 4 which are sequentially connected in series; the air expansion branch comprises a gas storage device 4, a low-temperature side runner of a regenerative heat exchanger 5, a low-temperature side runner of a photo-thermal reheater 6 and an air expander 7 which are sequentially connected in series; the compression heat circulation loop is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank 8, a low-temperature compression heat carrier circulating pump 9, a low-temperature side runner of the heat storage heat exchanger 2, a high-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank 10, a high-temperature compression heat carrier circulating pump 11 and a high-temperature side runner of the regenerative heat exchanger 5 end to end; and the photo-thermal circulation loop is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 12, a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump 13, a photo-thermal heat collection device 14, a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 15, a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump 16 and a high-temperature side runner of the photo-thermal reheater 6 end to end. The heat storage heat exchanger 2, the regenerative heat exchanger 5 and the photo-thermal reheater 6 are all composed of a high-temperature side runner and a low-temperature side runner.
In the present embodiment, the air compressor 1 is driven by an electric motor; in other embodiments, the air compressor 1 may be driven by other mechanisms such as a pneumatic motor and a hydraulic motor.
In this embodiment, the compression heat circulation circuit and the photo-thermal circulation circuit are filled with the same heat carrier; in other embodiments, the compression heat circulation loop and the light heat circulation loop can be filled with different heat carriers.
In this embodiment, the photothermal heat collecting device 14 is a trough heat collector shown in fig. 1; in other embodiments, the photothermal heat collecting device 14 may also be a tower type, fresnel type, disc type, or other types of photothermal heat collectors.
The energy storage process of the photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system of the embodiment is described in detail as follows:
the energy storage comprises two processes of air compression energy storage and photo-thermal heat collection energy storage, and is a heat-electricity combined storage mode. The two processes of air compression energy storage and photo-thermal heat collection energy storage can be carried out simultaneously or in a time-sharing manner.
The air compression energy storage process: the air compressor 1 is driven by a motor to operate, sucks ambient air and compresses the ambient air into high-temperature compressed air; the high-temperature compressed air then enters a high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger 2, meanwhile, a low-temperature compressed heat carrier in a low-temperature compressed heat carrier storage tank 8 enters a low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat under the driving of a low-temperature compressed heat carrier circulating pump 9, the high-temperature compressed air is cooled to form low-temperature compressed air, and the low-temperature compressed air continues to flow downstream and enters the air storage device 4 to be stored for later use; the low-temperature compressed heat carrier absorbs heat and is heated to form a high-temperature compressed heat carrier, and the high-temperature compressed heat carrier enters a high-temperature compressed heat carrier storage tank 10 to be stored for later use.
Photo-thermal heat collection energy storage process: the low-temperature photo-thermal carrier in the low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 12 enters the photo-thermal heat collection device 14 under the driving of the low-temperature photo-thermal circulating pump, and is heated to raise the temperature to form a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier, and the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier enters the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 15 to be stored for later use.
The energy release process of the photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system of the embodiment is described in detail as follows:
the energy release comprises two processes of air expansion power generation and heat supply, and is a heat-electricity combined supply mode. The air expansion power generation and the heat supply process can be carried out simultaneously or in a time-sharing manner, and whether the system has the heat supply function or not can be selected according to the actual application scene.
And (3) an air expansion power generation process: the gas storage device 4 releases stored low-temperature compressed air, and the low-temperature compressed air firstly enters a low-temperature side flow channel of the regenerative heat exchanger 5, meanwhile, a high-temperature compressed heat carrier in the high-temperature compressed heat carrier storage tank 10 enters a high-temperature side flow channel of the regenerative heat exchanger 5 under the driving of a high-temperature compressed heat carrier circulating pump 11 for heat exchange, the low-temperature compressed air continuously flows downstream after absorbing heat and raising temperature, and the cooled compressed heat carrier enters a low-temperature compressed heat carrier storage tank 8 for storage and standby; the primarily heated compressed air continues to enter a low-temperature side flow channel of the photo-thermal reheater 6, meanwhile, high-temperature photo-thermal carriers in the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 15 enter the high-temperature flow channel of the photo-thermal reheater 6 to exchange heat under the driving of a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump 16, the compressed air enters an air expander 7 to be expanded to do work after being reheated and heated, and the cooled photo-thermal carriers enter a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 12 to be stored for later use; the air expander 7 further drives a generator or other mechanism to output energy to the outside.
A heat supply process: mainly realized by a high-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank 10 or a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 15. The high-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank 10 or the high-temperature photothermal carrier storage tank 15 directly provides heat supply at different temperatures to the outside by using surplus heat energy.
The hot standby process of the photo-thermal reheater 6 of the photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system of the present embodiment is explained in detail as follows:
in the hot standby process, the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump 16 operates at a low load to drive the high-temperature photo-thermal carriers in the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 15 to enter the photo-thermal reheater 6 at a small flow rate. At the moment, the air expansion branch is in a shutdown state, no air flows through the branch, namely no cold load exists, so that the small-flow high-temperature photo-thermal carrier can enable the photo-thermal reheater 6 to be maintained at a high temperature during normal work and be in a hot standby state; when the system needs to enter an air expansion power generation state, the photo-thermal reheater 6 does not need to be slowly preheated to raise the temperature, the high-temperature photo-thermal carriers are allowed to enter by directly lifting the load of the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump 16 and driving the high-temperature photo-thermal carriers to enter at a large flow rate, incoming air of the air storage device 4 is heated, and the system enters the air expansion power generation state at a high response speed.
The hot standby process of the air expander 7 of the photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system of the present embodiment is explained in detail as follows:
since preheating of the unit before starting is also considered for the large air expander 7 with a large installed capacity, which may result in an increase in the unit starting time and a decrease in the response speed, the hot standby of the air expander 7 may be performed simultaneously in this embodiment.
In the hot standby process, the high-temperature photothermal carrier circulating pump 16 runs at a low load to drive the high-temperature photothermal carriers in the high-temperature photothermal carrier storage tank 15 to enter the high-temperature side flow channel of the photothermal reheater 6 at a small flow rate; meanwhile, the air storage device 4 releases compressed air at a small flow rate to sequentially pass through the low-temperature side flow channel of the regenerative heat exchanger 5, the low-temperature side flow channel of the photothermal reheater 6 and the air flow channel of the air expander 7, and the small air flow rate is preferably used for keeping the air expander 7 static or running at a low speed. Through the arrangement, the small-flow air is heated by the photo-thermal reheater 6 and then is raised to the working temperature, and the air flow channel can be maintained at the working temperature when the small-flow air flows in the air expander 7, so that the small-flow air can be directly and quickly started without preheating; if the air expander 7 runs at a low speed in the hot standby process, namely, the air expander is kept in a barring state, the barring starting process before the starting of the conventional unit can be further saved, the speed-up and load-up process can be directly carried out, and the response speed is further increased.
As an improved scheme: and a gas-liquid separator 3 is also connected in series between the high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger 2 and the gas storage device 4. Because the compressed air may separate out liquid after being cooled, the low-temperature compressed air can enter the air storage device 4 for storage and standby after being dewatered by the gas-liquid separator 3.
As an improved scheme: the air compression branch comprises two or more combinations formed by the high-temperature side flow channels of the air compressor 1 and the heat storage heat exchanger 2 which are connected in series, and the working capacity of the air expander 7 can be further improved.
As an improved scheme: the air expansion branch comprises two or more combinations formed by a low-temperature side runner of the regenerative heat exchanger 5, a low-temperature side runner of the photo-thermal reheater 6 and the air expander 7 which are connected in series, and the working capacity of the air expander 7 can be further improved.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a quick-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage method, which comprises the following steps:
in a time period with sunshine conditions, the low-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump 13 drives the low-temperature photo-thermal carrier in the low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 12 to flow through the photo-thermal heat collection device 14 to collect heat, meanwhile, the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump 16 drives the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier in the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 15 to flow through the photo-thermal reheater 6 in a low-load mode, and the photo-thermal reheater 6 is maintained in a hot standby state;
in a time period without sunshine conditions, the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump 16 drives the high-temperature photo-thermal carriers in the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank 15 to flow through the photo-thermal reheater 6 at a low load, and the photo-thermal reheater 6 is maintained in a hot standby state;
at any time, when the air expansion branch receives the dispatching instruction to start, the high-temperature photothermal carriers in the high-temperature photothermal carrier storage tank 15 are driven by the high-temperature photothermal carrier circulating pump 16 to flow through the photothermal reheater 6 at full load, and the photothermal reheater 6 is maintained at the full load working state.
Further, at any time, the air storage device 4 releases the compressed air at a small flow rate, so that the compressed air is heated by the photo-thermal reheater 6 and then is raised to the working temperature, and then enters the air expander 7 to maintain the air expander 7 in a hot standby state. Furthermore, the compressed air released by the air storage device 4 can maintain the low-speed operation of the air expander 7, and the low-speed operation can be kept in a barring state, so that the barring starting process before the starting of the conventional unit can be further saved, the speed-up and load-up process can be directly carried out, and the response speed is further increased; in other embodiments, a small air flow released by the air reservoir 4 may also keep the air expander 7 stationary.
The invention couples the adiabatic compressed air energy storage with the photo-thermal energy storage, further improves the air inlet temperature of the air expander 7 by utilizing the solar photo-thermal energy, and can obviously improve the working capacity of the air expander 7; meanwhile, the expansion inlet air temperature is further improved by adopting high-temperature photo-thermal, and a quasi-adiabatic compression process with a smaller pressure ratio can be adopted in the compression process, so that the power consumption of the air compressor 1 is reduced, and the system efficiency is improved; in addition, by coupling solar photo-thermal, the system can also utilize surplus low-grade compressed heat energy to supply heat, so that a single electricity-electricity energy storage mode is expanded to combined heat and power storage-combined supply, and the consumption way and the consumption capacity of renewable energy sources are increased; finally, the photo-thermal reheater 6 and even the air expander 7 of the air expansion branch are always in a hot standby state by adopting cheap photo-thermal, so that the system can directly enter a full-load running state without preheating or slowly raising the temperature after receiving a power generation instruction, and the response characteristic of the system is obviously improved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A quick response's light and heat compressed air energy storage system, its characterized in that includes:
the air compression branch comprises an air compressor (1), a high-temperature side flow channel of a heat storage heat exchanger (2) and an air storage device (4) which are sequentially connected in series;
the air expansion branch comprises an air storage device (4), a low-temperature side runner of a regenerative heat exchanger (5), a low-temperature side runner of a photo-thermal reheater (6) and an air expander (7) which are sequentially connected in series;
the compression heat circulation loop is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank (8), a low-temperature compression heat carrier circulating pump (9), a low-temperature side runner of the heat storage heat exchanger (2), a high-temperature compression heat carrier storage tank (10), a high-temperature compression heat carrier circulating pump (11) and a high-temperature side runner of the heat regeneration heat exchanger (5) end to end;
and the photo-thermal circulation loop is formed by serially connecting a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank (12), a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump (13), a photo-thermal heat collection device (14), a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank (15), a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump (16) and a high-temperature side runner of the photo-thermal reheater (6) end to end.
2. The rapid-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein a gas-liquid separator (3) is further connected in series between the high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger (2) and the air storage device (4).
3. A rapid response photothermal compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the air compressor (1) is driven by an electric motor.
4. The rapid-response photothermal compressed air energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein the thermal cycle circuit and the photothermal cycle circuit are filled with the same or different heat carriers.
5. A rapid response photothermal compressed air energy storage system according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the air compression branch comprises two or more combinations of high temperature side runners of the air compressor (1) and heat storage heat exchanger (2) connected in series with each other.
6. A rapid response photothermal compressed air energy storage system according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the air expansion branch comprises two or more combinations of the low temperature side channel of the recuperator (5), the low temperature side channel of the photothermal reheater (6) and the air expander (7) connected in series with each other.
7. A quick-response photo-thermal compressed air energy storage method is characterized in that:
in a time period with sunshine conditions, a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump (13) drives a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier in a low-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank (12) to flow through a photo-thermal heat collection device (14) at full load for heat collection, and meanwhile, a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump (16) drives a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier in a high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank (15) to flow through a photo-thermal reheater (6) at low load, so that the photo-thermal reheater (6) is maintained in a hot standby state;
in a time period without sunshine conditions, driving the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier in the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier storage tank (15) to flow through the photo-thermal reheater (6) at a low load through the high-temperature photo-thermal carrier circulating pump (16), and maintaining the photo-thermal reheater (6) in a hot standby state;
at any time interval, when the air expansion branch receives a dispatching instruction to start, the high-temperature photothermal carrier circulating pump (16) drives the high-temperature photothermal carrier in the high-temperature photothermal carrier storage tank (15) to flow through the photothermal reheater (6) in a full-load mode, and the photothermal reheater (6) is maintained in a full-load working state.
8. The rapid response photothermal compressed air energy storage method according to claim 7, wherein: at any time, the air storage device (4) releases compressed air at a small flow rate, so that the compressed air is heated by the photo-thermal reheater (6) and then is raised to the working temperature, and then enters the air expander (7) to maintain the air expander (7) in a hot standby state.
9. The rapid response photothermal compressed air energy storage method according to claim 8, wherein: the compressed air released by the air storage device (4) can maintain the low-speed operation of the air expander (7).
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