CN114517661A - Method for determining water injection block descaling measures - Google Patents
Method for determining water injection block descaling measures Download PDFInfo
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- CN114517661A CN114517661A CN202011313328.0A CN202011313328A CN114517661A CN 114517661 A CN114517661 A CN 114517661A CN 202011313328 A CN202011313328 A CN 202011313328A CN 114517661 A CN114517661 A CN 114517661A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
- E21B37/06—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells using chemical means for preventing or limiting, e.g. eliminating, the deposition of paraffins or like substances
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for determining water injection block descaling measures, and relates to the field of oil exploitation. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a sample of a scale sample belonging to a water injection block to be descaled; performing n times of dissolving treatment on the sample by using at least one solvent of water, hydrochloric acid solution and a scale dissolver within a preset temperature range, and determining n dissolving rates, wherein n is a positive integer; and determining a target descaling measure for the water injection block according to the n dissolution rates. The method provided by the embodiment of the application selects the descaling measures according to the experiment, can scientifically recommend the descaling measures and guarantee the descaling effect of the water injection well in the water injection block.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of oil exploitation, in particular to a method for determining water injection block descaling measures.
Background
To maintain reservoir pressure and enhance reservoir recovery, purified water is injected into the reservoir from the surface through a water injection well during oil production.
Because the water exists in the water injection well, the problem of scaling is easy to generate, and the scaling needs to be carried out by adopting scaling measures so as to prevent the existing scaling from influencing the normal exploitation of petroleum. Because the same waterflood block has similar reservoir conditions and injection conditions, the types of scale formation of water injection wells belonging to the same waterflood block are generally the same. In the related art, descaling measures of the type including detergent immersion descaling, acid pickling descaling, mechanical descaling, and hot washing descaling are provided.
How to select the descaling measures, the related art has not provided a good solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method for determining water injection block descaling measures, and the method for selecting the descaling measures according to experiments can scientifically recommend the descaling measures and guarantee the descaling effect of a water injection well in a water injection block. The technical scheme is as follows:
according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for determining a waterflood block descaling measure, the method comprising:
obtaining a sample of a scale sample belonging to a water injection block to be descaled;
performing n times of dissolving treatment on the sample by using at least one solvent of water, hydrochloric acid solution and a scale dissolver within a preset temperature range, and determining n dissolving rates, wherein n is a positive integer;
and determining a target descaling measure for the water injection block according to the n dissolution rates.
The beneficial effects that technical scheme that this application embodiment brought include at least:
after a sample of a scale sample is obtained, at least one solvent is used for carrying out dissolving treatment on the sample for n times, n dissolving rates are determined, target scale removal measures for a water injection block are determined according to the n dissolving rates, and the scale removal measures are selected according to experiments, so that the scale removal measures can be scientifically recommended, the scale removal effect of a water injection well in the water injection block is guaranteed, and the development benefit of an oil field is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining waterflood block descaling measures provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining waterflood block descaling measures provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for determining waterflood block descaling measures provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Reference herein to "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
As the development of the oil field enters the middle and later stages, the formation pressure is reduced, the oil well cannot be sprayed by the energy of the reservoir, in order to ensure further yield increase and stable production of the oil field, water injection is required to be performed through a water injection well so as to increase the energy of the reservoir and maintain the pressure of the reservoir, and the process is called secondary oil recovery.
Due to the secondary oil extraction, scaling problems generally exist in a water injection well and a pipe conveying system, and scaling can occur in any system with water, such as: the formation, the downhole device, the wellbore, and the water injection pipeline. Scale affects normal production of oil, such as: scaling in the pipelines of the water injection well causes the inner diameter of the pipelines to be reduced, and the cross section area of the flowing fluid is reduced, so that the pressure loss is increased, and the discharge capacity of the fluid is reduced; the water distributor is blocked due to scaling, the production of a water injection well needs to be stopped and maintained, the cost for cleaning pipelines is increased, the difficulty of managing the water injection well is increased, the water injection well can be shut down or scrapped under severe conditions, and the normal production of an oil field is seriously influenced. Statistically, the annual economic loss of the petroleum industry due to scaling problems accounts for approximately 0.3% of the total production worldwide.
At present, the scale removal measures for the water injection block have the following problems:
(1) selection of scale removal measures is difficult.
The descaling measures are implemented on the water injection wells in the water injection blocks, the water injection wells need to be stopped, and a large amount of cost such as vehicle group cost, service cost and the like is invested. The formation of the scale sample is influenced by factors such as reservoir conditions, injected water quality and the like, and the difference of components and texture of the scale sample of the water injection well in different water injection blocks is large. Meanwhile, the descaling measures comprise scale dissolver soaking descaling, acid pickling descaling, mechanical descaling and the like, and have advantages and disadvantages such as: for mechanical descaling, the injection and pressure release of a water injection well are required, so that the well occupying period is long, the completion of a water injection task is influenced, the mechanical descaling also needs well killing, a pipe column is lifted, and the like, so that the operation cost is generated, and the risk of polluting a reservoir by a well killing fluid also exists.
In general, it is difficult to determine what type of descaling action is appropriate for which type of injection well. If the descaling measures are implemented blindly, a large amount of manpower, financial resources and material resources are easily consumed, and the reservoir and the shaft are polluted.
(2) The scale sample is difficult to obtain.
Experiments are the main means for solving the problem that the descaling measures are difficult to select, but the collection of the scale sample has certain difficulty.
The scaling tubular columns which need descaling measures are 1000-2000 m below the ground, and the tubular columns not only need high measure cost, but also can cause the reservoir to be damaged due to incompatibility of the well killing fluid and the reservoir. On the other hand, the reservoir stratum needing descaling measures is generally located 2000-3000 meters below the ground, and a shaft and the stratum are isolated by a steel casing pipe, so that a reservoir stratum scale sample is difficult to obtain.
(3) Well-flushing returns and skiving returns are not utilized effectively.
The same waterflood block has similar reservoir conditions and injection conditions, and therefore the types of fouling of the water injection wells within the same waterflood block are also about the same.
A water injection well may undergo several operations during the production cycle, including water profile logging, downhole incident management, sidetracking, reservoir reconstruction, etc., which typically involve both well washing and scraping.
The well washing refers to a process of injecting well washing media from pumping equipment through a well bore or a drill rod and carrying substances (including liquid phase substances, solid phase substances and gas phase substances) in the well bore to the ground in the well repairing process. In a water injection block with serious scaling and needing a descaling measure, a large amount of scale samples in the shaft can be taken out after the shaft is washed by the well washing medium.
The scraping is a process of putting a pipe column with a casing scraper into the well, and rotating the pipe column to scrape and remove impurities on the inner wall of the casing so as to ensure that other downhole tools can be smoothly put into the well. The scraped scale obtained by scraping can be brought out through well washing.
The scale sample brought out in the above process is very easy to obtain, but is not effectively utilized, and directly enters the water treatment system of the combined station.
The above conditions severely restrict the implementation effect of the descaling measures. The method aims to provide a method which is easy to obtain a scale sample and selects scale removal measures according to experiments, so that the scale removal measures can be scientifically recommended, the scale removal effect of the water injection well in the water injection block is guaranteed, and the development benefit of the oil field is improved.
FIG. 1 illustrates a method for determining waterflood block descaling measures provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method comprising:
The water-flooding block is a block where water is flooded to an oil layer in the block. Among other things, water flooding is aimed at increasing the energy of the reservoir and maintaining reservoir pressure.
The water injection block may include one or more water injection wells, which refers to wells used to inject water into the oil reservoir during oil production. The types of scale formation for water injection wells within the same water injection block are also approximately the same, since the same water injection block has similar reservoir conditions and injection conditions.
The scale sample of the water injection block to which the water injection well belongs can be obtained and made into a sample. Optionally, after obtaining the sample, dividing the sample into multiple parts, and performing an experiment using the multiple parts of the sample.
And 120, performing n times of dissolving treatment on the sample by using at least one solvent of water, hydrochloric acid solution and a scale dissolver within a preset temperature range, and determining n dissolving rates, wherein n is a positive integer.
The water of the preset temperature range means water at the preset temperature range. In the embodiment of the present application, the preset temperature range corresponds to a higher temperature, such as: the water with the preset temperature range is hot water at 60 ℃. Hydrochloric acid refers to a solution made from Hydrogen Chloride (HCI). The scale dissolver refers to a chemical scale dissolver which is prepared in industry.
Optionally, the dissolving the sample by using at least one solvent of water, hydrochloric acid solution, and a detergent with a preset temperature range includes: dissolving the same sample by using at least one solvent of water, hydrochloric acid solution and a scale dissolver within a preset temperature range; or respectively carrying out dissolving treatment on different samples by using at least one solvent of water, hydrochloric acid solution and a scale dissolver within a preset temperature range.
Alternatively, the dissolution rate refers to the ratio of the mass of the sample dissolved in the solvent to the total mass of the sample. Optionally, the dissolution rate is (original sample mass-residual sample mass)/original sample mass. After the n times of dissolution treatment, n dissolution rates corresponding one-to-one to the n times of dissolution treatment can be determined. n may be 1 or an integer greater than 1.
And step 130, determining a target descaling measure for the water injection block according to the n dissolution rates.
The target descaling action may include one or more descaling actions. Optionally, the target descaling measure is used to descale a water injection well within the water injection block. That is, after the target descaling measures for the water injection block are determined, when the water injection well in the water injection block needs to be descaled, the target descaling measures can be adopted to perform descaling.
Alternatively, candidate descaling measures include, but are not limited to: the scale dissolver is used for soaking descaling, pickling descaling, mechanical descaling and hot washing descaling. Wherein, the scale dissolver soaking for descaling refers to a mode of soaking the descaling layer section by using the scale dissolver for descaling; the acid cleaning and descaling refer to a mode of cleaning descaling layer sections by hydrochloric acid liquor to remove scale; the mechanical descaling refers to a mode of putting a descaling device into a descaling layer section and descaling by using the descaling device; hot-wash descaling refers to the manner in which the descaling interval is washed with hot water to effect descaling.
In summary, in the method provided in this embodiment, after a sample of a scale sample is obtained, at least one solvent is used to perform n times of dissolution processing on the sample, n dissolution rates are determined, a target scale removal measure for a water injection well is determined according to the n dissolution rates, and a scale removal measure is selected according to an experiment, so that the scale removal measure can be scientifically recommended, the scale removal effect of the water injection well in the water injection block is ensured, and the development benefit of the oil field is improved.
In an alternative embodiment based on fig. 1, the samples may include: a first sample, a second sample, and a third sample. Meanwhile, n times of dissolving treatment on the sample has a certain implementation sequence so as to preferentially determine the descaling measures with lower cost.
Optionally, when the same sample is subjected to dissolution processing, different solvents correspond to different dissolution processing priorities, and the dissolution processing priorities are used to indicate an order of the different solvents when the dissolution processing is performed on the same sample. Optionally, the dissolution treatment priority of the water within the preset temperature range is higher than the dissolution treatment priority of the hydrochloric acid solution and higher than the dissolution treatment priority of the scale dissolver.
Optionally, the priority of the dissolving process is determined according to implementation cost of the descaling measure corresponding to the solvent. The lower the implementation cost of the descaling measures, the higher the priority of the dissolution treatment of the corresponding solvent. The method comprises the following steps of cleaning, descaling, pickling, descaling, cleaning, descaling, cleaning and the like.
FIG. 2 illustrates a method for determining waterflood block descaling measures provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the step 120 is alternatively implemented as steps 121 to 123, and the method includes:
Optionally, the source of the sample comprises: well-flushing return of the water injection well in the water injection block; or the scraping return of the water injection well in the water injection block. The well flushing refers to a process of injecting a well flushing medium into a well bore or a drill pipe through pumping equipment in the well repairing operation process to carry substances in the well bore to the ground. Scraping refers to a process of putting a pipe column with a casing scraper, and rotationally scraping and removing impurities on the inner wall of the casing to ensure that other downhole tools are smoothly put in. The return products corresponding to the two procedures comprise scale samples of the water injection block.
Optionally, the solvent corresponds to a dissolution processing priority, which is used to indicate the order of different solvents when performing dissolution processing on the same sample. Wherein the dissolving treatment priority of the water within the preset temperature range is higher than that of the hydrochloric acid solution. That is, first, a first sample is subjected to a first dissolution treatment using water in a preset temperature range, and a first dissolution rate for the first sample is determined; and subsequently, filtering and drying the first sample subjected to the first dissolution treatment, performing second dissolution treatment on the first sample subjected to the filtering and drying by using hydrochloric acid, and determining a second dissolution rate aiming at the first sample.
In one possible case, step 121 comprises: and performing first dissolution treatment on the first sample by using water in a preset temperature range, and determining a first dissolution rate. I.e. n1Is 1.
In another possible case, step 121 includes: performing first dissolution treatment on the first sample by using water with a preset temperature range, and determining a first dissolution rate; and under the condition that the first dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the first dissolution rate is less than the second percentage, performing second dissolution treatment on the first sample after the first dissolution treatment by using hydrochloric acid liquor, and determining the second dissolution rate, wherein the first percentage is less than the second percentage. I.e. n1Is 2. Illustratively, the first percentage is 40% and the second percentage is 80%.
Optionally, after step 121, step 130 is executed, where step 130 includes: under the condition that the first dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage, selecting hot washing descaling as a target descaling measure; and selecting hot-wash descaling and acid-wash descaling as target descaling measures under the condition that the first dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage, the first dissolution rate is less than the second percentage, and the second dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage.
That is, in the case that the first dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage, it can be concluded that the scale sample is mainly soluble salt and wax, and hot washing is recommended for removing the scale; when the first dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the first dissolution rate is less than the second percentage, and the second dissolution rate obtained subsequently is greater than the second percentage, it can be concluded that the scale sample is mainly soluble salt and wax, and is assisted by carbonate and iron oxide, and hot-washing descaling and acid-washing descaling are recommended.
Optionally, the first descaling-measure determining condition includes: the first dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage, or the first dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the first dissolution rate is less than the second percentage and the second dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage. That is, if the first dissolution rate obtained by dissolution using water in the predetermined temperature range is greater than the second percentage, or if the first dissolution rate obtained by dissolution using water in the predetermined temperature range falls between the first percentage and the second percentage, and the second dissolution rate obtained by subsequent dissolution using hydrochloric acid is greater than the second percentage, it can be considered that n is greater than n for the first sample1The individual dissolution rate satisfies the first scale removal measure determination condition.
Optionally, the solvent corresponds to a dissolution processing priority, which is used to indicate the order of different solvents when performing dissolution processing on the same sample. Wherein the dissolving treatment priority of the hydrochloric acid solution is higher than that of the scale dissolver. That is, a third dissolution treatment is performed on the second sample by using hydrochloric acid solution, and a third dissolution rate for the second sample is determined; and subsequently, filtering and drying the second sample subjected to the third dissolution treatment, performing fourth dissolution treatment on the second sample subjected to the third dissolution treatment by using a scale dissolver, and determining a fourth dissolution rate for the second sample.
In one possible case, step 122 includes: at n for the first sample1And under the condition that the dissolution rate does not meet the first descaling measure determination condition, performing third dissolution treatment on the second sample by using hydrochloric acid to determine a third dissolution rate. I.e. n2Is 1.
In another possibilityIn this case, step 122 includes: at n for the first sample1Under the condition that the dissolution rate does not meet the first descaling measure determination condition, performing third dissolution treatment on the second sample by using hydrochloric acid liquor to determine a third dissolution rate; and under the condition that the third dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the third dissolution rate is less than the second percentage, performing fourth dissolution treatment on the second sample after the third dissolution treatment by using a scale dissolver, and determining the fourth dissolution rate. I.e. n2Is 2. Illustratively, the first percentage is 40% and the second percentage is 80%.
Optionally, after step 122, step 130 is executed, and step 130 includes: selecting acid washing descaling as a target descaling measure under the condition that the third dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage; and under the condition that the third dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage, the third dissolution rate is less than the second percentage and the fourth dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage, selecting acid pickling descaling and scale dissolver soaking descaling as target descaling measures.
That is, in the case that the third dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage, it can be inferred that the scale sample is mainly carbonate and iron oxide, and acid washing for removing scale is recommended; and under the condition that the third dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage, the third dissolution rate is less than the second percentage, and the subsequent fourth dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage, the scale sample can be concluded to be mainly carbonate and iron oxide and be assisted by sulfate and hydrocarbon, and acid pickling descaling and scale dissolver soaking descaling are recommended.
Optionally, the second descaling-measure determining condition includes: the third dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage, or the third dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the third dissolution rate is less than the second percentage and the fourth dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage. That is, the third dissolution rate obtained if the dissolution is performed using the hydrochloric acid solution is greater than the second percentage, or the third dissolution rate obtained if the dissolution is performed using the hydrochloric acid solution belongs to the third percentageBetween one percent and a second percent, and a fourth dissolution rate resulting from subsequent dissolution with the scale dissolvent being greater than the second percent, then n for the second sample can be considered2The dissolution rate satisfies the second descaling-measure determination condition.
Optionally, step 123 includes: a fifth dissolution treatment was performed on the third sample using a detergent to determine a fifth dissolution rate.
Optionally, after step 123, step 130 is executed, where step 130 includes: under the condition that the fifth dissolution rate is greater than the third percentage, selecting a scale dissolver for soaking and descaling as a target descaling measure; in a case where the fifth dissolution rate is not greater than a third percentage, the mechanical descaling is selected as the target descaling action, the third percentage being greater than the first percentage and the third percentage being less than the second percentage. Illustratively, the third percentage is 60%.
That is, in the case that the fifth dissolution rate is greater than the third percentage, it can be inferred that the scale sample is mainly sulfate and hydrocarbon, and soaking for descaling with a scale dissolver is recommended; in the case where the fifth dissolution rate is not greater than the third percentage, it can be inferred that the composition of the scale sample is more complex, and mechanical descaling is recommended.
Illustratively, the water of the preset temperature range includes hot water of 60 ℃; the hydrochloric acid solution comprises 8% hydrochloric acid solution by mass; the scale dissolver comprises 10 percent of the scale dissolver by mass.
In summary, the method provided by this embodiment uses the well-flushing return or scraping return of the water injection well in the water injection block as the scale sample, so that the source of the scale sample is enriched and the difficulty of obtaining the scale sample is reduced.
In the method provided by the embodiment, the implementation cost of the scale dissolver for soaking and descaling is higher than that of the acid cleaning and descaling, the experiment sequence of different solvents is determined according to the priority of the dissolving treatment, and the descaling measure with lower cost is preferentially selected, so that the purposes of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved on the basis of ensuring the descaling measure effect.
According to the method provided by the embodiment, scale dissolver soaking descaling, acid cleaning descaling, hot cleaning descaling and the like are preferably selected, the descaling measures of the pipe column are not required to be taken, and finally mechanical descaling is considered, so that the method has the characteristics of short well-occupying period, low construction cost, small reservoir damage and the like.
The determination method of the water injection block descaling measure shown in the present application is exemplarily described below with reference to fig. 3. The method comprises the following steps:
and 301, selecting a water injection well to be operated in the water injection block.
The water injection well to be operated is a service well which is about to undergo a well-flushing or scraping operation.
Step 302, collect the scale sample and dry.
Optionally, the return product in the well washing water after the well washing or scraping operation is collected by additionally installing a filter screen at a well washing water outlet, and is dried at 90 ℃.
Step 303, weighing the scale sample.
Optionally, 3 portions of the scale sample are weighed, wherein the mass of each portion of the scale sample is required to be more than 5.0g, and the portions are placed in a graduated cylinder or a beaker and respectively marked as a first sample, a second sample and a third sample.
304, soaking the first sample in hot water at 60 ℃ for 30 min.
Alternatively, the first sample is soaked with 20 times the sample mass of the first sample of hot water at 60 ℃ for 30 min.
Step 305, calculate a first dissolution rate.
Optionally, estimating the first dissolution rate by visual inspection; alternatively, after filtration and drying, the first dissolution rate is calculated by weighing.
Step 306, the first dissolution rate > 80%, jump to step 309.
307, 40% < the first dissolution rate < 80%, and go to step 310.
And 308, skipping to step 311, wherein the first dissolution rate is less than 40%.
In step 309, hot wash descaling is recommended.
If the first dissolution rate exceeds 80%, it is concluded that the scale sample is dominated by soluble salts and waxes, and hot washing is recommended for scale removal.
And 310, soaking the first sample for 30min by using hydrochloric acid liquor with the mass fraction of 8%.
If the first dissolution rate is more than 40% and less than 80%, hydrochloric acid solution with mass fraction of 8% of about 10 times of the sample mass of the remaining first sample is added to the hot water insoluble material after filtering and drying, and the mixture is soaked for 30 minutes, and the second dissolution rate is calculated. Optionally, estimating the second dissolution rate by visual inspection; or, after filtering and drying, weighing to calculate the second dissolution rate.
Step 311, determining that hot washing is not suitable.
If the first dissolution rate is less than 40% or the second dissolution rate is less than 80%, the scale should not be removed by the thermal cleaning method, and the experiment is continued by using the second sample, i.e. the process goes to step 315.
In step 312, the second dissolution rate is greater than 80%, and the process jumps to step 314.
Step 313, the second dissolution rate is less than or equal to 80%, and the step 311 is skipped.
And step 314, recommending hot washing descaling and acid washing descaling.
If the second dissolution rate in the hydrochloric acid solution is more than 80%, the scale sample is inferred to be mainly composed of soluble salt, wax and carbonate and iron oxide, and hot washing and acid washing for removing scale are recommended.
And 315, soaking the second sample in hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 8% for 30 min.
Optionally, 20 times of hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 8% of the sample mass of the second sample is used to soak the second sample for 30 minutes.
Step 316, calculate the third dissolution rate.
Optionally, estimating the third dissolution rate by visual inspection; or, after filtering and drying, weighing to calculate the third dissolution rate.
In step 317, the third dissolution rate is less than 40%, and the process jumps to step 320.
In step 318, the third dissolution rate is more than 40% and less than 80%, and the process goes to step 321.
In step 319, the third dissolution rate is greater than 80%, and the process goes to step 322.
Step 320, determining that acid cleaning is not suitable.
If the third dissolution rate is less than 40% or the fourth dissolution rate is less than 80%, the descaling by acid washing is not applicable, and the experiment is continued by using the third sample, i.e., the process goes to step 326.
Step 321, soaking the second sample for 4h by using a scale dissolver with the mass fraction of 10%.
If the third dissolution rate is more than 40% and less than 80%, adding a scale dissolver with the mass fraction of 10% of the sample mass of the remaining second sample being about 10 times of that of the acid-insoluble substances after filtering and drying for soaking for 4 hours, and calculating the fourth dissolution rate.
Step 322, acid wash descaling is recommended.
If the third dissolution rate exceeds 80%, it is estimated that the scale sample is mainly carbonate and iron oxide, and it is recommended to remove the scale by acid washing.
Step 323, the fourth dissolution rate is less than or equal to 80%, and step 320 is skipped.
In step 324, the fourth dissolution rate is greater than 80%, and the process jumps to step 325.
Step 325, acid washing descaling and scale dissolver soaking descaling are recommended.
If the fourth dissolution rate in the scale dissolver is more than 80 percent, the scale sample is inferred to be mainly carbonate and iron oxide and secondarily sulfate and hydrocarbon, and acid washing descaling and scale dissolver soaking descaling are recommended.
Step 326, soak the third sample with a scale dissolver with a mass fraction of 10% for 4 h.
Alternatively, the third sample is soaked for 4 hours using a scale dissolver with a mass fraction of 10% of the sample mass of the third sample being 20 times, and the fifth dissolution rate is calculated. Optionally, estimating a fifth dissolution rate by visual inspection; or, after filtering and drying, weighing to calculate the fifth dissolution rate.
Step 327, the fifth dissolution rate > 60%, go to step 329.
328, the fifth dissolution rate is less than or equal to 60%, and go to 330.
Step 329, a scale dissolver is recommended to soak for descaling.
If the fifth dissolution rate exceeds 60%, the scale sample is inferred to be mainly refractory sulfate and hydrocarbons, and the scale is recommended to be removed by soaking with a scale dissolver.
Step 330, determining that the scale is not suitable for scale dissolution agent soaking and descaling.
If the fifth dissolution rate is less than 60%, the scale-dissolving agent should not be used for soaking and descaling.
Mechanical descaling is recommended, step 331.
And if the recommended descaling measures cannot be determined according to the steps, using periodic mechanical descaling for the water injection well in the water injection block.
In the following, hot-wash descaling, acid-wash descaling and scale dissolver-soak descaling are exemplified.
Optionally, when hot washing and descaling are adopted, domestic water with the temperature of more than 60 ℃ is used as a measure solution, the liquid amount is 1.5 times to 2 times of the volume of the shaft, and the shaft is circularly washed for more than 4 periods.
Optionally, when acid washing descaling is adopted, hydrochloric acid cleaning solution is used as measure solution, hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 8% -15% is used as main agent in the hydrochloric acid cleaning solution, and one or more of 1% -5% of corrosion inhibitor, 1% -5% of iron ion stabilizer, 1% -10% of cleaning agent and 1% -15% of chelating agent are added. The liquid amount of the measure liquid is 2-4 times of the wellbore volume of the descaling interval, or the liquid amount is determined according to the pollution treatment radius of the reservoir. And (3) taking clear water or anti-swelling liquid as displacement liquid, displacing the cleaning liquid to the descaling layer section, soaking for 30min, and then squeezing and injecting the cleaning liquid into the reservoir layer. The anti-swelling liquid consists of one or more of 1-5% of anti-swelling agent, 1-5% of potassium chloride and 1-10% of antiscaling agent, and the balance of water.
Optionally, when the scale is removed by soaking with the scale dissolver, the scale dissolver with the mass fraction of 5-20% is used as the measure solution. The liquid amount of the measure liquid is 1.5-2 times of the well bore volume of the descaling interval, or the liquid amount is determined according to the pollution treatment radius of the reservoir. And (3) replacing the measure liquid with clear water or an anti-swelling liquid as a replacing liquid until the scale removal layer section is soaked for 4-12 h, and then squeezing the measure liquid into the reservoir layer. The anti-swelling liquid consists of one or more of 1-5% of anti-swelling agent, 1-5% of potassium chloride and 1-10% of antiscaling agent, and the balance of water.
In the case where the amount of liquid to be measured is determined from the well bore volume, the calculation formula for the well bore volume is:
wherein L is the length of the well bore or the length of the descaling well bore.
In the case of determining the measure liquid amount according to the reservoir pollution treatment radius, the calculation formula of the liquid amount is
In the formula, phi is the average porosity of the polluted reservoir, and h is the length of the polluted well section of the reservoir.
In summary, the method provided by this embodiment defines the scaling type of the water injection block through gradual experiments on the scale samples, and provides a basis for scientific selection of the scale removal measures, so as to improve the pertinence of the scale removal measures of the water injection block, better ensure the scale removal effect of the water injection well in the water injection block, and improve the oilfield development benefit.
According to the method for determining the water injection block descaling measures, the descaling measures are implemented on 3 different water injection wells, and the construction success rate is 100%. The method comprises the following specific steps:
example 1:
the A1 well is an A block water injection well, the source of the injected water is X station, the injection mode is general injection, and the layer position is S3.
When the A1 well is periodically washed in 1 month in 2020, 121.12g of scale sample is collected and dried to obtain 85.61g of scale sample. Weighing 5.02g of sample, placing the sample in a 100ml test tube, injecting 100g of hot water at 60 ℃, soaking for 30min to dissolve the dirty sample part, filtering, drying, and weighing to obtain 2.16g of heat-insoluble sample. 2.16g of heat-insoluble sample is placed in a 100ml test tube, 22g of hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 8% is slowly added, the reaction is rapidly carried out, the mixture is kept stand for 30min, and after being filtered and dried, 0.61g of acid-insoluble substance is obtained by weighing, and analysis shows that hot washing descaling and acid washing descaling are adopted for descaling of the water injection block.
And (3) descaling and unblocking the water injection well A2 with the same block, the same layer and the same source in 2 months in 2020, wherein the expected pollution radius is 1.2m, the depth of the middle part of an oil layer of the well is 3210m, the average porosity is 0.12mD, the span of an injection layer section is 70.6m, the inner diameter of a technical casing is 139.7mm, and the outer diameter of an oil pipe is 73 mm. Using circulating heat of 80 deg.C water treatment station70m of water3Hydrochloric acid cleaning solution 5m3Clear water displacing liquid 40m3Descaling, the injection is 30m before the measure3Daily injection of 19m3Injection pressure of 12MPa, and daily injection allocation of 60m after measures3Daily injection of 62m3And the injection pressure is 10MPa, so that a good measure effect is obtained.
The required volume of hot water was calculated as 2 times the wellbore volume: hot water volume 2 × V shaft 2 × 3.14 × [ (139.7/2)2-(73/2)2]×3210÷1000≈70m3。
The volume of the required hydrochloric acid cleaning solution is calculated by 3 times of the wellbore volume of the descaling interval: hydrochloric acid cleaning solution volume 3 × 3.14 × [ (139.7/2)2-(73/2)2]×70.6÷1000≈4.7m3. Hydrochloric acid cleaning solution 5m is prepared according to construction liquid tank conditions3。
The pump priming procedure is referenced in the following table one.
Table one: pumping schedule for A2 well construction
Example 2:
the A3 well is a B block water injection well, the source of the injected water is an X station, and the horizon is S3 and Z2.
When a separate injection column is replaced for the A3 well in 1 month of 2020, 168.96g of scale sample in the collection tube is dried to obtain 142.17g of scale sample. Weighing 5.01g of sample, placing the sample in a 100ml graduated test tube, injecting 100g of hot water at 60 ℃, soaking for 30min, filtering, drying and weighing to obtain 4.72g of heat-insoluble sample, wherein the scale sample has no obvious change. And continuously weighing 5.03g of sample, placing the sample in a 100ml test tube, slowly adding 100g of 8% hydrochloric acid, reacting quickly, standing for 30min, observing that the scale sample is completely dissolved by eyes, and analyzing to judge that the descaling of the water injection block needs to be performed by acid washing descaling.
Descaling and deblocking a water injection well A4 with the same block, the same layer and the same source in 2 months of 2020, wherein the expected pollution radius is 0.9m, the depth of the middle part of an oil layer of the well is 3130m, the average porosity is 0.11mD, and the length of an injection well section is 32.5 m. Because the well is a separate injection well and cannot establish a circulating channel, the construction is carried out by adopting an oil pipe forward extrusion mode,hydrochloric acid cleaning solution (10 m)3Displacing liquid 15m3Descaling, the injection is 30m before the measure3Daily injection of 21m3Injection pressure of 12MPa, and daily injection allocation of 40m after measures3Daily injection of 42m3And the injection pressure is 11MPa, so that the zero waste liquid discharge is realized, and meanwhile, a good measure effect is obtained.
The volume of the hydrochloric acid cleaning solution is 0.11 multiplied by 3.14 multiplied by 0.92×32.5＝9.1m3。
Hydrochloric acid cleaning solution 10m is prepared according to construction liquid tank conditions3。
The pump priming procedure is described in conjunction with table two below.
Table two: pumping schedule for A4 well construction
Example 3:
and the B block is injected with water by adopting a dirt removing mixed injection mode, the control difficulty of each index of the injected water is high, the scaling influence factors are complex, and the well washing requirement in the block is frequent. The injection amount of the multiple water injection wells in the area is obviously reduced in 2 months in 2020, the conventional well washing measures are determined to be carried out on the B1 well, the scale sample is collected by 98.64g in the well washing process, and the scale sample is dried to obtain 25.47 g. Weighing 5.07g of sample, placing the sample in a 100ml test tube, injecting 101g of hot water at 60 ℃, soaking for 30min, quickly dispersing and dissolving a scale sample, filtering and drying the sample, weighing the sample to obtain 0.76g of heat-insoluble sample, analyzing and considering that the scaling reason is that a filter filler of a water treatment station is not replaced timely, the content of residual oil in injected water of a block exceeds the standard, the injected residual oil is solidified and scaled, and hot washing is preferably adopted for descaling.
Circulating hot water for 30m at 80 deg.C water treatment station3Thermal washing descaling was performed on the same B2 well, which had a depth of 1620m in the middle of the reservoir, a technical casing diameter of 139.7mm, and an oil pipe outer diameter of 73 mm. Injection allocation 90m before measure3Daily injection of 63m3Injection pressure of 12MPa, and injection allocation of 90m on the day after the measure3Daily injection of 93m3The injection pressure is 11MPa, and good measure effect is obtained on the basis that the material cost is nearly 0.
The required volume of hot water was calculated as 2 times the wellbore volume: hot water volume 2 × 3.14 × [ (139.7/2)2-(73/2)2]X 1620 ÷ 1000 ≈ 35.5m 3. Hot water 30m3 was prepared in conjunction with the construction tank case.
The pump-out procedure is referenced in conjunction with table three below.
A third table: b2 well construction pump injection schedule
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A method for determining water injection block descaling measures, the method comprising:
obtaining a sample of a scale sample belonging to a water injection block to be descaled;
dissolving the sample for n times by using at least one solvent of water, hydrochloric acid solution and a scale dissolver within a preset temperature range, and determining n dissolution rates, wherein n is a positive integer;
and determining a target descaling measure for the water injection block according to the n dissolution rates.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the samples comprise: a first sample, a second sample, and a third sample;
the method comprises the following steps of performing n times of dissolving treatment on the sample by using at least one solvent of water, hydrochloric acid solution and a scale dissolver within a preset temperature range, and determining n dissolving rates, wherein the dissolving rates comprise:
using water with preset temperature range and n in hydrochloric acid solution1A solvent is used for carrying out n on the first sample1A secondary dissolution process of determining n for the first sample1The dissolution rate, n1Is 1 or 2;
at n for the first sample1Under the condition that the dissolution rate does not meet the condition determined by the first descaling measure, n in hydrochloric acid solution and a scale dissolver is used2Performing n on the second sample by a solvent2A secondary dissolution process of determining n for the second sample2The dissolution rate, n2Is 1 or 2;
at n for the second sample2And in the case that the dissolution rate does not meet the second descaling measure determination condition, carrying out dissolution treatment on the third sample by using a scale dissolver, and determining a dissolution rate aiming at the third sample.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the n in the water, hydrochloric acid solution using the preset temperature range1A solvent is used for carrying out n on the first sample1A secondary dissolution process of determining n for the first sample1A dissolution rate comprising:
performing first dissolution treatment on the first sample by using water with a preset temperature range, and determining a first dissolution rate;
and under the condition that the first dissolution rate is greater than a first percentage and the first dissolution rate is less than a second percentage, performing second dissolution treatment on the first sample after the first dissolution treatment by using hydrochloric acid liquor, and determining a second dissolution rate, wherein the first percentage is less than the second percentage.
4. The method as recited in claim 3 wherein said determining a target descaling measure for the waterflood block based on the n dissolution rates comprises:
selecting hot-wash descaling as the target descaling measure in the case that the first dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage;
selecting hot-wash descaling and acid-wash descaling as the target descaling action if the first dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the first dissolution rate is less than the second percentage and the second dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the first descaling-action determining condition includes: the first dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage, or the first dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the first dissolution rate is less than the second percentage and the second dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage;
the use of n in hydrochloric acid solution and scale dissolver2Performing n on the second sample by a solvent2A secondary dissolution process of determining n for the second sample2A dissolution rate comprising:
performing third dissolution treatment on the second sample by using hydrochloric acid liquor, and determining a third dissolution rate;
performing a fourth dissolution treatment on the second sample after the third dissolution treatment using a scale dissolver, determining a fourth dissolution rate, if the third dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the third dissolution rate is less than the second percentage.
6. The method as recited in claim 5 wherein said determining a target descaling measure for the waterflood block based on the n dissolution rates comprises:
selecting acid wash descaling as the target descaling measure in the case that the third dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage;
selecting acid wash descaling and detergent soak descaling as the target descaling action if the third dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the third dissolution rate is less than the second percentage and the fourth dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the second descaling-action-determining condition includes: the third dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage, or the third dissolution rate is greater than the first percentage and the third dissolution rate is less than the second percentage and the fourth dissolution rate is greater than the second percentage;
said performing a dissolution process on said third sample using a detergent, determining a dissolution rate for said third sample, comprising:
performing a fifth dissolution process on the third sample using a detergent to determine a fifth dissolution rate.
8. The method as recited in claim 7 wherein said determining a target descaling measure for the waterflood block based on the n dissolution rates comprises:
selecting a detergent soaking for descaling as the target descaling measure in the case that the fifth dissolution rate is greater than a third percentage;
selecting mechanical descaling as the target descaling action if the fifth dissolution rate is not greater than the third percentage, the third percentage being greater than the first percentage and the third percentage being less than the second percentage.
9. The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the source of the sample comprises:
a well-wash return of a water injection well within the water injection block;
or the like, or, alternatively,
and the scraped return of the water injection well in the water injection block.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
the water with the preset temperature range comprises hot water with the temperature of 60 ℃;
the hydrochloric acid solution comprises 8% by mass of hydrochloric acid solution;
the scale dissolver comprises 10 mass percent of scale dissolver.
11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the solvents correspond to dissolution processing priorities, the dissolution processing priorities being used to indicate an order of different solvents when performing dissolution processing for the same sample;
the dissolving treatment priority of the water in the preset temperature range is higher than that of the hydrochloric acid solution, and the dissolving treatment priority of the hydrochloric acid solution is higher than that of the scale dissolver.
12. The method of claim 11,
the dissolution treatment priority is related to the implementation cost of the corresponding descaling measures for the solvent.
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| CN104343428A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-02-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for verifying formation scaling of water injection well |
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| US5366016A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1994-11-22 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Use of variable density carrier fluids to improve the efficiency of scale dissolution |
| CN104046346A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Oil field water injection well descaling agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN104343428A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-02-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for verifying formation scaling of water injection well |
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