CN114517095A - Roadbed improver for heavy metal contaminated soil and application thereof - Google Patents
Roadbed improver for heavy metal contaminated soil and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical group [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 12
- XBDUTCVQJHJTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XBDUTCVQJHJTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 10
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001495 arsenic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 arsenic anion Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical class [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940006463 cadmium cation Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/08—Aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium hydroxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2103/00—Civil engineering use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a roadbed modifier for heavy metal contaminated soil and application thereof, wherein the modifier comprises a component A, and the component A comprises the following raw materials: the first adsorbent, the gelling agent, the skeleton particles and the gelling reaction retardant are all particles with the particle size of less than 100mm, and the component A is obtained after mixing; the component B comprises the following raw materials: the component B is obtained by mixing a second adsorbent, a third adsorbent and a pH regulator; when the component A is contacted with the component B, the three adsorbents are used for solidifying and stabilizing heavy metals in soil by at least one of adsorption, complexation or precipitation, meanwhile, the second adsorbent can perform a cementing reaction with a gelling reactant to form a consolidated body, the heavy metals in the stabilized soil are solidified, skeleton particles provide a skeleton, the gelling reaction retardant is used for delaying the gelling reaction, and the pH regulator is used for regulating the pH of the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a roadbed modifier for heavy metal polluted soil and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, the city upgrading and transformation in China is accelerated, the industrial structure is adjusted, and industrial and mining enterprises are shut down and moved. The method is characterized in that a large amount of polluted sites are left in various industries such as pharmacy, metallurgy, petroleum coking, transportation and the like to form toxic sites in cities, huge risks are brought to ecological environment and human health safety due to the fact that urban land resources are re-developed and utilized, urban construction and economic development are hindered, and particularly, the influence of large and medium cities with serious shortage of land resources is more severe. According to the first survey bulletin of soil pollution conditions in China, the total exceeding rate of the point positions of the soil in China is 16.1%, wherein the exceeding rate of the heavy metal points accounts for more than 80% of the total exceeding rate. On the other hand, infrastructure construction, particularly road construction, creates great demands on soil fillers in the process of upgrading and transforming cities, and the centralized engineering construction of some cities often needs to purchase and transport roadbed filling from other places, so that the engineering investment is greatly increased, and meanwhile, the polluted earthwork is often treated and then is safely filled, so that the land occupation cost is increased, and the national policy of harmless, quantitative reduction and recycling is violated, so that great waste is caused. The method has important application value and wide prospect when the heavy metal contaminated soil is used for carrying out roadbed filling improvement treatment.
For historical reasons, soil in plots of the legacy industrial and mining enterprises generally contains stones, brick slag and various abandoned wastes, and is polluted by heavy metals in different degrees. The soil in the field often cannot meet the engineering characteristics of roadbed filling.
At present, the technology for restoring the heavy metal contaminated soil is mainly provided, and the solidification stabilization (s/s) technology is one of the most widely applied technologies in the engineering for restoring and treating the heavy metal contaminated soil. The solidification and stabilization technology is mainly a process of adding a solidification/stabilization agent into the polluted soil to convert pollutants in the soil into non-flowable solids/compact solids or substances with low solubility, low mobility and low toxicity. However, the conventional solidification/stabilization technology is usually directed at the situation that the pollutants leached out of the soil exceed the standard are converted into the pollutants that are not leached out of the soil exceed the standard, whether the pollutants meet the requirements of roadbed filling engineering characteristics is not investigated or improved, and the application of the heavy metal polluted soil road roadbed filling resource cannot be realized. For example, patent document CN 208055777U discloses a roadbed structure for blocking diffusion of heavy metal ions in solidified contaminated soil, which only provides contaminated soil as a roadbed structure for highway roadbed construction, can effectively prevent diffusion of heavy metal ions in the solidified contaminated soil, and meets the requirement of the roadbed, but does not provide an aspect for solidifying and stabilizing a medicament for the contaminated soil; the patent document CN 103894410A discloses a method for stabilizing and solidifying contaminated soil and applying the contaminated soil in roadbed filling, which comprises the following steps: although the purpose of stabilizing and curing the heavy metal contaminated soil can be achieved after the heavy metal contaminated soil is treated, and the contaminated soil can meet the requirement of roadbed filling after being compacted, the stabilizing and curing agent composition is not published, only part of cationic heavy metals such as lead, zinc, copper and the like can be treated, and the verification of the lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury combined contaminated soil cannot be carried out.
The invention provides a roadbed modifier for heavy metal contaminated soil and a using process thereof, aiming at the purpose of recycling heavy metal contaminated soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a roadbed modifier for heavy metal contaminated soil and a using process thereof, which can effectively reduce the leaching content of heavy metals in lead-cadmium-mercury-arsenic combined contaminated soil and can improve the strength of the contaminated soil.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A soil roadbed modifier for heavy metal pollution comprises,
the component A comprises the following raw materials: the first adsorbent, the gelling reaction agent, the skeleton particles and the gelling reaction retardant are all particles with the particle size of less than 100mm, and the component A is obtained after mixing;
the component B comprises the following raw materials: the second adsorbent, the third adsorbent and the pH regulator are mixed to form a component B;
when the component A is contacted with the component B, the first adsorbent, the second adsorbent and the third adsorbent are used for solidifying and stabilizing heavy metals in soil by at least one of adsorption, complexation or precipitation, meanwhile, the second adsorbent can perform a cementing reaction with a gelling reactant to form a consolidated body, the heavy metals in the stabilized soil are solidified, the framework particles provide a framework in the cementing reaction, the gelling reaction retardant is used for delaying the gelling reaction and promoting the gelling reaction to fully proceed, and the pH regulator is used for regulating the pH of the soil.
In this technical scheme, set up a plurality of adsorbents, and then can more effectually carry out the absorption of multiple heavy metal, especially can effectively reduce the cationic heavy metal for the heavy metal obtains preliminary getting rid of, and the composition in the soil obtains improving.
In this technical scheme, when the component mixes, at first between the composition, because physicochemical properties etc. so take place gel reaction between component A and the component B, and then make the scattered tiny particle etc. in the soil, can solidify, and then can promote the bulk strength of soil, make it be more suitable for the high strength requirement of road bed material, through the processing of this kind of modifier to soil, make the soil after the heavy metal pollution not only heavy metal reduce, the pollution reduces, and utilize originally in the soil just existing leave over the stone in the industrial and mining enterprise's piece, brick sediment and mix with various abandonment wastes material, make it fully fuse in the soil, become the intensity increase agent of soil, promote soil strength, changing waste into valuables.
In the technical scheme, the second adsorbent can be used as an adsorbent and a gelling reaction agent at the same time, so that materials are saved, and meanwhile, gelling time is delayed through a gelling reaction retardant, so that particles in soil are fully solidified, and the strength is improved. In the technical scheme, the gel reaction retarder is used for delaying the gel reaction, the gel reaction specifically refers to thickening or caking degree of raw materials at specified temperature and time, if the gel reaction is too fast, part of heavy metals are not completely adsorbed, meanwhile, components hidden in soil are rapidly condensed, at the moment, the heavy metals cannot be stirred in time, stones, brick slag and various residual wastes mixed in the soil originally existing in blocks of industrial and mining enterprises are not fully and uniformly mixed with the soil, the strength is unstable, and the problem still exists when the gel reaction retarder is used.
As a further improvement of the invention, the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of first adsorbent, 5-10 parts of gelling reactant, 25-50 parts of gelling reactant and 1-5 parts of framework particles.
In the technical scheme, the raw materials and the range are obtained through adjustment and experiments on the components, and then a better effect can be obtained in the range, and because each raw material not only influences the adsorption and the like of heavy metals, but also influences the consolidation and the like in the later period, the proportion is obtained through various comparisons, analyses and the like. In the technical scheme, more first adsorbents are utilized, specifically ferrous sulfate hydrate, which can effectively reduce cationic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and mercury, but the pH value can be adjusted at the moment, so that more first adsorbents are needed to be added, and a gelling reactant reacts with a second adsorbent and is adjusted according to the reaction ratio; the skeleton particles provide the core skeleton function of the consolidation body reaction, so the component content is lower, and the component matching is more reasonable.
As a further improvement of the invention, the component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-50 parts of second adsorbent, 20-50 parts of third adsorbent and 30-55 parts of pH regulator.
In the technical scheme, the component B is added at the later stage and then is adsorbed again on the basis of adsorption, so that two adsorbents are selected, and meanwhile, the pH regulator is added, so that the gelation reaction can be carried out at the moment, the gelation is delayed, and the consolidation of the soil is promoted.
As a further improvement of the invention, the gel reaction retarder borax and the pH regulator are fly ash, and the mass part ratio of the borax to the fly ash is as follows: 1-5: 30-50.
In the technical scheme, in order to ensure a better delaying effect, a retardant is adopted, and specifically, during delaying, 1) borax can be used as a gelling reaction retardant to mainly delay a gelling reaction, so that heavy metals can be fully solidified and stabilized, and the soil strength is ensured to be improved; 2) the fly ash is mainly used for adjusting the pH value of soil and also serves as a filler of the stabilizing agent of the whole formula. In this example, 1-5: 30-50, the fly ash is more, mainly for better adjusting the pH value, especially for the soil treated by ferrous sulfate hydrate, and further ensuring the effective adjustment of the pH value of the soil, so that the soil is more suitable for use.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mass part ratio of the component A to the component B is 1-5: 1-3.
In the technical scheme, ferrous sulfate monohydrate in the component A mainly plays a special role in adsorbing and precipitating the stabilization of arsenic in heavy metal lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic compound contaminated soil and plays a role in regulating the pH value of the whole formula system. But the stabilization efficiency of the component B is lower than that of the phosphorite powder which has special adsorption and precipitation effects on the stabilization of lead, cadmium and mercury in the heavy metal lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic compound contaminated soil. In order to ensure the stabilization and solidification effects on the lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic compound contaminated soil, the component A and the component B are ensured to be redundant. If single pollution (such as anion arsenic) occurs, the component B can be less, cationic pollution (lead, cadmium and mercury) occurs, and the component B can be more.
As a further improvement of the invention, the first adsorbent is ferrous salt, the second adsorbent is ground phosphate rock, and the third adsorbent is sepiolite.
In the technical scheme, ferrous salts are mainly used for adsorbing and precipitating anion heavy metals such as arsenic and the like through a complexing reaction, phosphate rock powder is used for adsorbing and precipitating cation heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury and the like, and sepiolite is used for adsorbing heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and the like. The three can simultaneously adsorb and precipitate anion and cation heavy metals in a certain proportion, so as to achieve the effect of removing the heavy metals.
The invention also discloses an application of the soil roadbed modifier for heavy metal pollution, and the application of the soil roadbed modifier for heavy metal pollution in a soil roadbed compositely polluted by lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic.
Compared with other solutions, the conventional heavy metal stabilizing and curing agent only reduces the leaching concentration of heavy metals, but does not improve or explain the strength of the repaired heavy metal contaminated soil.
As a further improvement of the invention, the component A is firstly broadcast in the soil subgrade containing the composite pollution of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic, and the component B is broadcast in the soil subgrade containing the composite pollution of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic after maintenance.
In the technical scheme, the component A is firstly used, and then the component B is used, the design is that ferrous salt is firstly added to stabilize and solidify heavy metals such as anion arsenic, zeolite particles are contained in the component A to provide a gelling reaction framework core, and then the component B is added to stabilize and solidify heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and arsenic. However, there is no great difference between the addition of component A, B and the addition of the latter.
As a further improvement of the invention, the water content of the soil subgrade which is compositely polluted by the lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic is 20-35% during the broadcasting of the component A and/or after the broadcasting of the component B.
In the technical scheme, the water content of 20-35% is kept to be sufficient for stabilizing and curing reaction (including gelling, providing a certain reaction medium and water), and the water amount below 20% is too small to be beneficial to reaction. Above 35% soil is free flowing.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the components of a soil roadbed modifier for heavy metal pollution are mainly described.
The soil roadbed modifier for heavy metal pollution in the embodiment comprises,
the component A comprises the following raw materials: the first adsorbent, the gelling reaction agent, the skeleton particles and the gelling reaction retardant are all particles with the particle size of less than 100mm, and the component A is obtained after mixing;
the component B comprises the following raw materials: the second adsorbent, the third adsorbent and the pH regulator are mixed to form a component B;
when the component A is contacted with the component B, the first adsorbent, the second adsorbent and the third adsorbent are used for solidifying and stabilizing heavy metals in soil by at least one of adsorption, complexation or precipitation, meanwhile, the second adsorbent can perform a cementing reaction with a gelling reactant to form a consolidated body, the heavy metals in the stabilized soil are solidified, the framework particles provide a framework in the cementing reaction, the gelling reaction retardant is used for delaying the gelling reaction and promoting the gelling reaction to fully proceed, and the pH regulator is used for regulating the pH of the soil.
In this embodiment, set up a plurality of adsorbents, and then can more effectually carry out the absorption of multiple heavy metal, especially can effectively reduce anion and cation type heavy metal simultaneously for heavy metal obtains preliminary getting rid of, and the composition in the soil is improved.
In the embodiment, when the components are mixed, firstly, because of the physical and chemical characteristics and the like, a gelling reaction occurs between the component A and the component B, and further, the small particles and the like dispersed in the soil can be solidified, so that the overall strength of the soil can be improved, and the soil is more suitable for the high-strength requirement of roadbed materials.
In the prior art, most of the treatment of the polluted soil comprises the following steps: utilize to add the medicament after carrying out crushing and screening to contaminated soil with equipment, and before adding the medicament, stone and brick sediment are sieved as impurity and go out, can't utilize as the soil in later stage, lead to a large amount of intensity than stronger stone and brick sediment to be abandoned extravagantly, cause the wasting of resources. In the invention, the gelling reaction is directly carried out, so that stones and brick slag in the plots of the industrial and mining enterprises left in the soil can be recycled, the resource can be recycled, the overall weight of the soil and the like are basically unchanged, new soil does not need to be added when the roadbed is built, the soil strength is strong, the cost is low, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization.
In this embodiment, the second adsorbent can be used as both the adsorbent and the gelling agent, which saves materials, and delays gelling time by the gelling agent, so that the particles in the soil can be fully consolidated, and the strength can be improved. Further, the gel reaction retarder is used for delaying the gel reaction, the gel reaction is specifically the thickening or caking degree of the raw materials at the specified temperature and time, if the gel reaction is too fast, part of heavy metals are not completely adsorbed, meanwhile, components hidden in the soil are rapidly condensed, and cannot be stirred in time, stones, brick slag and various residual wastes originally existing in the soil and left in blocks of industrial and mining enterprises are not fully and uniformly mixed with the soil, so that the strength is unstable, and the problem still exists when the gel reaction retarder is used.
In this embodiment, the first, second, and third adsorbents in the component a/B solidify and stabilize heavy metals in soil by at least one of adsorption, complexation, and precipitation, and when the component a contacts the component B, the second adsorbent may perform a cementation reaction with the gelling reagent to form a consolidated body, so as to solidify and stabilize heavy metals in soil, and improve soil quality strength. The component skeleton particles provide a core skeleton effect of a consolidation body reaction, the gelling reaction retardant is used for delaying the gelling reaction and promoting the full progress of the gelling reaction, and the pH regulator has a function of regulating the pH of soil in the whole scheme. The treated polluted soil can solidify and stabilize heavy metals in the soil, and can improve the strength of the polluted soil, so that the requirement of resource filling of the road subgrade is met.
Example 2
In this example, the formulation is described in detail.
Further, the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of first adsorbent, 5-10 parts of gelling reactant, 25-50 parts of gelling reactant and 1-5 parts of framework particles.
In this embodiment, the raw materials and the range are obtained by adjusting and testing the components, and a better effect can be obtained in the range, because each raw material not only affects the adsorption of heavy metals, but also affects the consolidation in the later period, the ratio is obtained by various comparisons, analyses, and the like. In this embodiment, a large amount of the first adsorbent is used, specifically ferrous sulfate monohydrate, which can effectively reduce anionic heavy metal arsenic and the like, but the ph value is adjusted at this time, so that a large amount of the first adsorbent needs to be added, and the gelling reactant reacts with the second adsorbent and is adjusted according to the reaction ratio; the skeleton particles provide the core skeleton function of the consolidation body reaction, so the component content is lower, and the component matching is more reasonable.
Specifically, the component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-50 parts of second adsorbent, 20-50 parts of third adsorbent and 30-55 parts of pH regulator.
In this embodiment, the component B is added later, and then cation re-adsorption is performed on the basis of adsorption, so that two adsorbents are selected, and a retardant is added, so that a gelling reaction occurs at this time, gelling is delayed, and soil consolidation is promoted.
Furthermore, the pH regulator comprises borax and fly ash, the gelling reaction retardant borax is fly ash, and the mass part ratio of the borax to the fly ash is as follows: 1-5: 30-50.
In this example. Specifically, during delaying, 1) borax plays a role in delaying gelling; 2) the fly ash can be used as a pH regulator, and the delaying effect is smaller than that of borax; the fly ash simultaneously plays a role in filling the stabilizing agent in the whole formula and adjusting the pH (weak alkaline environment). In this example, 1-5: 30-50, the fly ash is more, mainly for better adjusting the pH value, especially for the soil treated by ferrous sulfate hydrate, and further ensuring the effective adjustment of the pH value of the soil, so that the soil is more suitable for use.
Specifically, the mass part ratio of the component A to the component B is 1-5: 1-3.
In the embodiment, ferrous sulfate monohydrate in the component A mainly plays a special role in adsorbing and precipitating the stabilization of arsenic in heavy metal lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic compound contaminated soil and plays a role in regulating the pH value of the whole formula system. But the stabilization efficiency of the component B is lower than that of the phosphorite powder which has special adsorption and precipitation effects on the stabilization of lead, cadmium and mercury in the heavy metal lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic compound contaminated soil. In order to ensure the stabilization and solidification effects on the lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic compound contaminated soil, the component A and the component B are ensured to be redundant. If single pollution (such as anion arsenic) occurs, the component B can be less, cationic pollution (lead, cadmium and mercury) occurs, and the component B can be more.
Further, the first adsorbent is ferrous salt, the second adsorbent is ground phosphate rock, and the third adsorbent is sepiolite.
In the technical scheme, ferrous salts are mainly used for adsorbing and precipitating anion heavy metals such as arsenic and the like through a complexing reaction, phosphate rock powder is used for adsorbing and precipitating cation heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury and the like, and sepiolite is used for adsorbing heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and the like. The three can simultaneously adsorb and precipitate anion and cation heavy metals in a certain proportion, so as to achieve the effect of removing the heavy metals.
The invention also discloses an application of the soil roadbed modifier for heavy metal pollution, and the application of the soil roadbed modifier for heavy metal pollution in a soil roadbed compositely polluted by lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic.
The conventional heavy metal stabilizing and curing agent only reduces the leaching concentration of heavy metal, but does not improve or explain the strength of the repaired heavy metal contaminated soil.
And further, spraying the component A into the soil subgrade containing the composite pollution of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic, and spraying the component B into the soil subgrade containing the composite pollution of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic after maintenance.
In this example, component a is used first, and then component B is used, and the design is that ferrous salt is added to stabilize and solidify heavy metals such as anion arsenic, component a contains zeolite particles to provide a core of gelling reaction, and component B is added to stabilize and solidify heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and arsenic. However, there is no great difference between the addition of component A, B and the addition of the latter.
Specifically, the water content of the soil subgrade which is compositely polluted by the lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic is 20-35% during the spraying of the component A and/or after the spraying of the component B.
In this embodiment, the water content of 20 to 35 is maintained to be sufficient for stabilizing the curing reaction (including gelling, providing a certain amount of reaction medium and water), and the amount of water below 20 is too small to be effective for the reaction. Soil above 35 is free flowing.
Example 3
The present embodiment is mainly described with reference to specific applications.
The roadbed improving agent for the heavy metal contaminated soil in the embodiment comprises a component A and a component B, and is explained according to 5 specific schemes, wherein the components in each scheme comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
the component proportion in scheme 1 is as follows:
and (2) component A: 30% ferrous sulfate monohydrate; 5% of zeolite, 50% of light calcined powder and 1% of borax
And (B) component: 10% of phosphate rock powder, 30% of fly ash and 50% of sepiolite.
When mixing, the mass part ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 1.
The component proportion in scheme 2 is as follows:
and (2) component A: 35% ferrous sulfate monohydrate; 7% of zeolite, 45% of light calcined powder and 2% of borax;
and (B) component: 20% of phosphate rock powder, 35% of fly ash and 45% of sepiolite.
When mixing, the mass part ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 2.
The component proportion in scheme 3 is as follows:
and (2) component A: 40% of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 8% of zeolite, 38% of light calcined powder and 3% of borax;
and (B) component: 31 percent of ground phosphate rock, 40 percent of fly ash and 35 percent of sepiolite.
When mixing, the mass part ratio of the component A to the component B is 5: 1.
The component proportion in scheme 4 is as follows:
and (2) component A: 40% ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 8% zeolite, 30% light calcined powder and 4% borax
And (B) component: 40% of phosphate rock powder, 38% of fly ash and 20% of sepiolite.
When mixing, the mass part ratio of the component A to the component B is 3: 2.
In scheme 5, the component proportion is as follows:
and (2) component A: 50% of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 10% of zeolite, 25% of light calcined powder and 5% of borax;
and (B) component: 50% of phosphate rock powder, 30% of fly ash and 20% of sepiolite.
When mixing, the mass part ratio of the component A to the component B is 5: 3.
In the above 5 specific schemes, the use process of each formula for preparing the agent for improving the roadbed in the soil polluted by the heavy metal comprises the following specific steps:
weighing the components A according to the proportion, and mixing and stirring uniformly;
weighing the components B according to the proportion, and mixing and stirring uniformly;
screening and crushing the heavy metal contaminated soil to a particle size of below 50mm by using equipment, adding the agent A with the component of 1-5%, uniformly mixing, sprinkling water until the water content is about 20-35%, and covering and maintaining for 3-5 d.
After the curing is finished, continuously adding the component B medicament with the addition amount of 1-3%, uniformly mixing, sprinkling water until the water content is about 20-35%, and covering and curing for 3-5 d.
And after the second maintenance is finished, determining the leaching content of the heavy metal in the polluted soil and the CBR of the soil.
(2) Technical effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the improved reagent contains a ferrous salt material capable of effectively adsorbing arsenic, the ground phosphate rock and the sepiolite can effectively reduce cationic heavy metals of lead, cadmium, mercury and the like, the heavy metals of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and the like are stabilized through adsorption, complexation and precipitation reactions, and the improved reagent plays roles in curing and improving strength by utilizing the gelling reaction of magnesium oxide in the light calcined powder and phosphorus-containing minerals. The zeolite powder plays a role in gelatinizing and solidifying the aggregate, and the borax and the fly ash are added to play a certain role in delaying the gelatinizing reaction. The improvement agent can treat heavy metal contaminated soil with different degrees, can effectively reduce the leaching content of heavy metal in the soil, can improve the strength of the contaminated soil, and provides a method for resource utilization of the heavy metal contaminated soil.
Taking the contaminated soil of a certain smelting site in Hunan as an example, if the soil subgrade improvement agent for heavy metal contaminated soil obtained in the schemes 1-5 (one of the schemes) is arbitrarily taken and mixed with the contaminated soil subgrade, the leaching values of heavy metals before and after the soil treatment (HJ/T299-2007 leaching method) and the CBR change are shown in Table 1. CBR refers to subgrade filler strength and is an english abbreviation for california load bearing ratio. Is an important mechanical index of the road subgrade material. For the urban road roadbed filling roadbed. The CBR filler requirements are as in table 1 below:
table 1: minimum value of subgrade filler strength (CBR)
The results of the implementation of scheme 1 (corresponding to scheme 3 in example 3) are shown in Table 2
Table 2:
by adopting the scheme, the leaching concentration of two heavy metals can be simultaneously and effectively reduced for the lead and arsenic anion and cation compound contaminated soil. The leaching concentration of heavy metal lead is reduced from 0.312mg/l to 0.054mg/l, and the leaching concentration of heavy metal arsenic is reduced from 0.265mg/l to 0.032mg/l, which are all lower than the IV limit value of the ground water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002). Meanwhile, the CBR of the soil is increased from 1.63 percent to 4.13 percent, and the filling requirement below a road bed of the road is met according to the filling requirement of the municipal road subgrade. Results of implementation of scheme 2 (corresponding to schemes 1 and 2 in example 3) are shown in Table 3
Table 3:
by the scheme 2, the leaching concentration of heavy metals can be reduced by the scheme aiming at the lead and cadmium cation compound contaminated soil. The leaching concentration of heavy metal lead is reduced from 0.423mg/l to 0.044mg/l, and the leaching concentration of heavy metal cadmium is reduced from 0.102mg/l to 0.004mg/l, which are all lower than the IV limit value of the ground water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002). Meanwhile, the CBR of the soil is increased from 2.33 percent to 5.24 percent, and the filling requirement below a road bed of the road is met according to the filling requirement of the municipal road subgrade.
EXAMPLE 3 results obtained (corresponding to schemes 4 and 5 in example 3)
Referring to the results in tables 1-3, it can be seen that the leaching concentration of the soil contaminated by anionic arsenic can be reduced by the scheme of the invention. The leaching concentration of the heavy metal arsenic is reduced from 0.323mg/l to 0.042mg/l, which are all lower than the IV limit value of the surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002). Meanwhile, the CBR of the soil is increased from 1.31 percent to 3.63 percent, and the filling requirement below the road bed of the road is met according to the filling requirement of the municipal road subgrade.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A soil roadbed modifier for heavy metal pollution is characterized by comprising,
the component A comprises the following raw materials: the first adsorbent, the gelling reaction agent, the skeleton particles and the gelling reaction retardant are all particles with the particle size of less than 100mm, and the component A is obtained after mixing;
the component B comprises the following raw materials: the second adsorbent, the third adsorbent and the pH regulator are mixed to form a component B;
when the component A is contacted with the component B, the first adsorbent, the second adsorbent and the third adsorbent are used for solidifying and stabilizing heavy metals in soil by at least one of adsorption, complexation or precipitation, meanwhile, the second adsorbent can perform a cementing reaction with a gelling reactant to form a consolidated body, the heavy metals in the stabilized soil are solidified, the framework particles provide a framework in the cementing reaction, the gelling reaction retardant is used for delaying the gelling reaction and promoting the gelling reaction to fully proceed, and the pH regulator is used for regulating the pH of the soil.
2. The soil subgrade modifier for heavy metal pollution according to claim 1, wherein the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of first adsorbent, 5-10 parts of framework particles, 25-50 parts of gelling reaction agent and 1-5 parts of gelling retardant.
3. The soil subgrade modifier for heavy metal pollution according to claim 1, wherein the component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-50 parts of a second adsorbent, 20-50 parts of a third adsorbent and 30-55 parts of a pH regulator.
4. The soil subgrade modifier for heavy metal pollution according to claim 3, wherein the gelling reaction retardant borax and the pH regulator are fly ash, and the mass part ratio of the borax to the fly ash is as follows: 1-5: 30-50.
5. The soil subgrade improver for heavy metal pollution according to claim 1, wherein the mass part ratio of the component A to the component B is 1-5: 1-3.
6. The soil subgrade improver for heavy metal pollution according to claim 1, wherein the first adsorbent is ferrous salt, the second adsorbent is ground phosphate rock, and the third adsorbent is sepiolite.
7. Use of the heavy metal contaminated soil roadbed modifier according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heavy metal contaminated soil roadbed modifier is used in a soil roadbed contaminated by a composite of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic.
8. The application of the soil subgrade modifier for heavy metal pollution according to claim 7, wherein the component A is uniformly mixed with the soil subgrade compositely polluted by lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic, and the component B is uniformly mixed with the soil subgrade compositely polluted by lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic after maintenance.
9. The application of the soil subgrade modifier for heavy metal pollution according to the claim 8, wherein the water content in the soil subgrade compositely polluted by the lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic is 20-35% after the component A and/or the component B are uniformly mixed.
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