CN114514361B - Oil supply device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Oil supply device for internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114514361B CN114514361B CN202080067189.XA CN202080067189A CN114514361B CN 114514361 B CN114514361 B CN 114514361B CN 202080067189 A CN202080067189 A CN 202080067189A CN 114514361 B CN114514361 B CN 114514361B
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- oil
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- combustion engine
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/16—Controlling lubricant pressure or quantity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/18—Indicating or safety devices
- F01M1/20—Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
- F01M2001/0207—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the type of pump
- F01M2001/0238—Rotary pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
- F01M2001/0207—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the type of pump
- F01M2001/0246—Adjustable pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M2250/00—Measuring
- F01M2250/62—Load
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M2250/00—Measuring
- F01M2250/64—Number of revolutions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N2250/00—Measuring
- F16N2250/08—Temperature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an oil supply device of an internal combustion engine, which can stably perform variable operation of an oil pump. An oil supply device for an internal combustion engine is provided with: an oil pump device having a pump unit that discharges oil based on power of an internal combustion engine, and a variable unit that has a control oil pressure chamber and operates when the oil pressure of oil supplied to the control oil pressure chamber is equal to or higher than an oil pressure threshold value, thereby reducing the discharge amount of the pump unit; a solenoid valve provided in an oil passage connected to the control oil pressure chamber, and configured to allow supply of oil to the control oil pressure chamber when the solenoid valve is in an on state upon energization; and a control unit that performs variable control for energizing the electromagnetic valve when the internal combustion engine is in a low-load state and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or greater than a rotational speed threshold, and performs lockup suppression control for energizing the electromagnetic valve when the oil pressure of the oil is smaller than the oil pressure threshold.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an oil supply device for an internal combustion engine.
Background
Conventionally, an oil supply device for an internal combustion engine is known which includes an oil pump capable of changing the discharge amount of oil. Patent document 1 discloses an oil supply device that is driven based on rotation of a crankshaft connected to an internal combustion engine, and that supplies oil pressure discharged from a discharge port to a component of the internal combustion engine.
The discharge amount of the oil pump disclosed in patent document 1 differs depending on the control pressure. Such control pressure is regulated by a solenoid valve.
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent application laid-open No. 2014-31739
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In the oil supply device as described above, if the solenoid valve cannot be operated normally, the variable operation of changing the discharge amount of the oil pump cannot be performed stably.
The invention aims to provide an oil supply device of an internal combustion engine, which can stably perform variable operation of an oil pump.
Solution to the problem
An oil supply device for an internal combustion engine according to one aspect of the present invention includes:
an oil pump device having a pump unit that discharges oil based on power of an internal combustion engine, and a variable unit that has a control oil pressure chamber and operates when the oil pressure of oil supplied to the control oil pressure chamber is equal to or higher than an oil pressure threshold value, thereby reducing the discharge amount of the pump unit;
a solenoid valve provided in an oil passage connected to the control oil pressure chamber, and configured to allow supply of oil to the control oil pressure chamber when the solenoid valve is in an on state upon energization; and
a control unit that performs the following control: variable control of energizing the electromagnetic valve when the internal combustion engine is in a low load state and the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or higher than a rotation speed threshold value; and a lockup suppression control for energizing the solenoid valve when the oil pressure is smaller than the oil pressure threshold.
An oil supply device for an internal combustion engine according to another aspect of the present invention includes:
an oil pump device for supplying oil to the internal combustion engine;
an oil pressure sensor that measures an oil pressure of the supplied oil;
the valve is arranged in an oil path for supplying the oil to the oil pump device and is used for opening and closing the oil path; and
and a control unit that controls opening and closing of the valve, wherein when the oil pressure is smaller than a threshold value, the control unit performs a seizure suppression control of opening the valve again after the valve is closed.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, an oil supply device for an internal combustion engine capable of stably performing a variable operation of an oil pump can be provided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an oil supply device for an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart for explaining variable control of the oil supply device implemented by the oil supply device of the internal combustion engine according to the embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the lockup suppression control of the solenoid valve performed by the oil supply device of the internal combustion engine according to the embodiment.
Fig. 4A is a diagram showing a relationship between the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine and the oil pressure of the oil in the oil supply device according to the reference example.
Fig. 4B is a diagram showing an example of a relationship between the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine and the oil pressure of the oil in the oil supply device according to the embodiment.
Fig. 4C is a diagram showing an example of a relationship between the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine and the oil pressure of the oil in the oil supply device according to the embodiment.
Fig. 4D is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine and the oil pressure of the oil in the oil supply device according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
An example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The oil supply device for an internal combustion engine according to the embodiment described below is an example of the oil supply device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described below.
Embodiment(s)
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an oil supply device 1 for an internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment will be described.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of an oil supply device 1. Hereinafter, the structure of the oil supply device 1 will be described with respect to only the structure necessary for the description of the characteristic portions of the oil supply device 1. Other configurations of the oil supply device 1 may be the same as those of various oil supply devices known in the related art.
< oil supply device >
The oil supply device 1 is applied to an internal combustion engine E, and supplies oil for lubrication or cooling to constituent members (e.g., pistons) of the internal combustion engine E.
The internal combustion engine E is, for example, a diesel engine mounted on a truck or the like or a gasoline engine mounted on a passenger car or the like. The structure of the internal combustion engine E is the same as that of various conventionally known internal combustion engines, and therefore, a detailed description thereof is omitted.
The oil supply device 1 includes a variable oil pump device 2, a variable control unit 3, and an oil pan 4. The elements 2 to 4 of the oil supply device 1 are connected by an oil passage L1.
The structure of the oil supply device 1 is not limited to the illustrated structure. Although not shown, the oil supply device 1 may include, for example, a main oil passage that is a passage of oil discharged from the oil pump device 2, an oil filter for filtering the oil, an oil cooler for cooling the oil, and a supply portion (a nozzle or the like) for supplying the oil to constituent members of the internal combustion engine.
First, the flow of oil in the oil supply device 1 will be briefly described. The oil in the oil pan 4 flows into the oil pump device 2 through the oil passage member L11 of the oil passage L1. The oil flowing into the oil pump device 2 is boosted by the oil pump device 2, and is discharged from the oil pump device 2 to the oil passage member L12 of the oil passage L1.
The oil discharged from the oil pump device 2 to the oil passage member L12 is pressure-fed to the constituent parts (e.g., pistons) of the internal combustion engine E.
In addition, a part of the oil discharged from the oil pump device 2 to the oil passage member L12 branches from the oil passage member L12 and flows into the oil passage member L13. In a state where the solenoid valve 31 of the variable control portion 3 is closed (hereinafter, simply referred to as "closed state"), the oil flowing into the oil passage member L13 is blocked by the solenoid valve 31.
On the other hand, in a state where the solenoid valve 31 is opened (hereinafter, simply referred to as "on state"), the oil flowing into the oil passage member L13 flows into the oil passage member L14 of the oil passage L1 through the solenoid valve 31. Then, the oil flowing into the oil passage member L14 flows into a control oil pressure chamber 221 of the variable portion 22 (described later). The oil pump device 2 operates based on the oil pressure of the oil in the control oil pressure chamber 221, and changes the discharge amount of the oil discharged from the oil pump device 2. The specific configuration of the oil supply device 1 will be described below.
< oil Pump device >
The oil pump device 2 is, for example, a variable vane pump capable of changing the discharge amount. The oil pump device 2 is driven based on the power of the internal combustion engine E. Specifically, the oil pump device 2 is connected to a crankshaft (not shown) connected to the internal combustion engine E, and is driven by rotation of the crankshaft.
The discharge amount of the oil pump device 2 is the capacity of oil discharged from the oil pump device 2 when a drive shaft 212 (described later) of the oil pump device 2 rotates one revolution. The oil pump device 2 of the present embodiment can switch the discharge amount between the first discharge amount and the second discharge amount smaller than the first discharge amount.
Such an oil pump device 2 has a pump unit 21 and a variable unit 22.
< Pump portion >
The pump section 21 includes a housing 211, a drive shaft 212, a rotor 213, a plurality of impellers 214, and a cam ring 215.
The housing 211 has a cylindrical accommodating portion 211a. The housing 211a houses the elements 212 to 215 and the like constituting the pump unit 21.
The housing 211 has a suction port 211b, a discharge port 211c, and an introduction port 211d.
The suction port 211b is an inlet of oil supplied to a pump chamber 216 (described later). The oil passage member L11 is connected to the suction port 211b. The oil passage member L11 has a first end (upstream end) connected to the oil pan 4 and a second end (downstream end) connected to the suction port 211b.
The discharge port 211c is an outlet of the oil discharged from the pump chamber 216. A first end (downstream end) of the oil passage member L12 is connected to the discharge port 211c.
The inlet 211d is an inlet of oil supplied to a control oil pressure chamber 221 (described later). The oil passage member L14 is connected to the introduction port 211d. A first end (upstream end) of the oil passage member L14 is connected to a second port 312 of the solenoid valve 31 (described later). A second end (downstream end) of the oil passage member L14 is connected to the introduction port 211d.
The drive shaft 212 is rotatably supported by a shaft support portion (not shown) of the housing 211. The drive shaft 212 is connected to a crankshaft, and rotates by rotation of the crankshaft.
The rotor 213 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft 212. The rotor 213 rotates together with the drive shaft 212. Specifically, the rotor 213 is a cylindrical member having a center hole (not shown). The driving shaft 212 is inserted through a center hole of the rotor 213.
The rotor 213 has slits 213a provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface. The slits 213a extend in the axial direction of the rotor 213, respectively. Such slits 213a support the impellers 214, respectively.
Each impeller 214 is a plate-like member, and is supported in a state capable of moving in the radial direction of the rotor 213 with respect to the slit 213a of the rotor 213. That is, each impeller 214 is configured to be capable of changing the protruding amount from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 213.
The cam ring 215 is a cylindrical member, and is provided so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 213. The cam ring 215 is supported by the housing 211 so as to be eccentric with respect to the central axis of the rotor 213. The eccentric amount of the cam ring 215 with respect to the rotor 213 varies based on the oil pressure of the oil supplied to the control oil pressure chamber 221.
The cam ring 215 has a plate-like flange portion 215a at a part of the outer peripheral surface. A plurality of pump chambers 216 divided by impellers 214 are provided between the inner peripheral surface of cam ring 215 and the outer peripheral surface of rotor 213.
The volume of each pump chamber 216 varies according to the eccentric amount of the cam ring 215 with respect to the rotor 213. When the volume of the pump chamber 216 changes, the discharge amount of the pump portion 21 changes.
The oil sucked up from the oil pan 4 is supplied to the pump chamber 216 through the suction port 211b. In addition, the oil in the pump chamber 216 is discharged to the oil passage member L12 through the discharge port 211c.
< variable part >
The variable portion 22 changes the discharge amount of the pump portion 21 under the control of the variable control portion 3 (described later). The variable portion 22 has a control oil pressure chamber 221 and a spring 222.
The control oil pressure chamber 221 is a space surrounded by the inner surface of the housing 211 and the outer peripheral surface of the cam ring 215. The oil discharged from the second port 312 of the solenoid valve 31 is supplied to the control oil pressure chamber 221 through the oil passage member L14 and the introduction port 211d.
The spring 222 is a coil spring, and is provided between the inner surface of the housing 211 and the flange portion 215a of the cam ring 215.
The spring 222 always biases the cam ring 215 in the first direction. Such a spring 222 contracts when the oil pressure of the oil supplied to the control oil pressure chamber 221 is equal to or higher than the oil pressure threshold value.
When the spring 222 contracts, the eccentric amount of the cam ring 215 with respect to the rotor 213 changes, and the volume of the pump chamber 216 changes. In the present embodiment, when the spring 222 contracts, the volume of the pump chamber 216 decreases. As a result, the discharge amount of the pump portion 21 becomes small.
The structure of the oil pump device is not limited to the above-described structure. The oil pump device may be a conventionally known variable oil pump device.
< variable control section >
The variable control unit 3 controls the supply state of oil to the variable unit 22 (specifically, the hydraulic chamber 221). The variable control unit 3 includes a solenoid valve 31 and a control unit 32.
< electromagnetic valve >
The solenoid valve 31 is switched between a closed state and an open state under the control of a control unit 32 (described later). In a state where electricity is supplied (hereinafter, referred to as an "energized state"), the solenoid valve 31 connects the first port 311 and the second port 312 in a state where oil can flow. The energized state of the solenoid valve 31 (in other words, the state in which the first port 311 is connected to the second port 312) corresponds to the open state of the solenoid valve 31.
In addition, the solenoid valve 31 disconnects the first port 311 from the second port 312 in a non-energized state (hereinafter referred to as a "non-energized state"). The non-energized state of the solenoid valve 31 (the state in which the first port 311 is disconnected from the second port 312) corresponds to the closed state of the solenoid valve 31.
Such a solenoid valve 31 is provided in an oil passage that connects the discharge port 211c of the oil pump device 2 with the introduction port 211d of the oil pump device 2.
Specifically, the solenoid valve 31 is provided between the oil passage member L13 and the oil passage member L14. A first end (upstream-side end) of the oil passage member L13 is connected to the oil passage member L12. The second end (downstream end) of the oil passage member L13 is connected to the first port 311 of the solenoid valve 31.
A first end (upstream-side end) of the oil passage member L14 is connected to the second port 312 of the solenoid valve 31. The second end (downstream end) of the oil passage member L14 is connected to the introduction port 211d of the oil pump device 2.
The structure of the solenoid valve is not limited to the above-described structure. As the solenoid valve, various solenoid valves known in the prior art can be used.
< control part >
The control unit 32 controls the oil supply device 1, and includes a well-known CPU, ROM, RAM, input port, output port, and the like. The control unit 32 is connected to the solenoid valve 31 via the transmission line 5. The control unit 32 may be a control device that performs various controls of the vehicle, or may be a control device that is provided exclusively for the oil supply device 1.
Specifically, the control unit 32 controls the state of energization to the solenoid valve 31, thereby switching the open/close state of the solenoid valve 31. The specific function of the control unit 32 will be described in detail in the description of the variable control of the oil pump device.
< variable control concerning oil Pump device and seizure suppression control >
Hereinafter, with reference to fig. 2 and 3, variable control and seizure suppression control of the oil pump device by the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing variable control (hereinafter, simply referred to as "variable control") of the oil pump by the oil supply device 1. Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the seizure suppression control (hereinafter, simply referred to as "seizure suppression control") performed by the oil supply device 1. The operations shown in fig. 2 and 3 are performed by the control unit 32.
First, an outline of variable control of the oil pump device of the present embodiment will be described. The variable control of the oil pump device shown in fig. 2 is repeatedly performed in the operating state of the internal combustion engine E. When the internal combustion engine E is started, a crankshaft connected to the internal combustion engine E rotates. Then, the oil pump device 2 is driven based on the rotation of the crankshaft.
In the driven state of the oil pump device 2, the oil discharged from the oil pump device 2 is pressure-fed to the constituent parts (e.g., pistons) of the internal combustion engine E.
In the case where the variable portion 22 is not operated in the driving state of the oil pump device 2, the discharge amount of the oil discharged from the oil pump device 2 is the first discharge amount. In the oil pump device 2, a state in which the variable portion 22 is not operated (that is, a state in which the oil pump device 2 is not variable) is also referred to as a non-variable state of the oil pump device 2.
On the other hand, in the case where the variable portion 22 is operated in the driving state of the oil pump device 2, the discharge amount of the oil discharged from the oil pump device 2 is a second discharge amount smaller than the first discharge amount. In the oil pump device 2, a state in which the variable portion 22 is operated (that is, a state in which the oil pump device 2 is variable) is also referred to as a variable state of the oil pump device 2.
The control unit 32 controls the variable unit 22 based on information on the load of the internal combustion engine E and information on the oil temperature of the oil. The control performed by the control unit 32 is a variable control of the oil supply device. Specific processing of the variable control and the lock suppression control of the oil pump device will be described below with reference to fig. 2 and 3.
In step S101 in fig. 2, the control unit 32 acquires information on the load of the internal combustion engine E in order to determine the load state of the internal combustion engine E. The information on the load of the internal combustion engine E may be a detection value of a sensor provided to the vehicle.
The information on the load of the internal combustion engine E may be, for example, information on an injection amount of a fuel injection device (not shown) that injects fuel into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine E (hereinafter, referred to as "information on a fuel injection amount"). The information on the load of the internal combustion engine E may be, for example, information on the opening degree of a throttle valve of the internal combustion engine E or information on the accelerator opening degree.
In step S102, the control unit 32 determines whether the internal combustion engine E is in a low load state based on the acquired information on the load of the internal combustion engine E.
Specifically, if the information on the load of the internal combustion engine E is information on the fuel injection amount, the control unit 32 determines in step S102 whether the fuel injection amount is equal to or less than the injection amount threshold.
When the fuel injection amount is equal to or less than the injection amount threshold, the control unit 32 determines that the internal combustion engine E is in a low load state. On the other hand, when the fuel injection amount is larger than the injection amount threshold, the control unit 32 determines that the internal combustion engine E is not in the low load state. The state in which the fuel injection amount is greater than the injection amount threshold value is also referred to as a high load state of the internal combustion engine E.
When the internal combustion engine E is in the low load state (yes in step S102), the control unit 32 shifts the control process to step S103.
On the other hand, when the internal combustion engine E is not in the low load state (no in step S102), the control unit 32 shifts the control process to step S110.
In step S103, the control unit 32 acquires information on the temperature of the oil. The information on the temperature of the oil may be a detection value of a sensor provided to the vehicle. That is, the control portion 32 acquires information on the temperature of the oil from the sensor.
The information on the temperature of the oil is not limited to the temperature of the oil, and may be any information on the temperature of the oil. For example, the information on the temperature may be the temperature of cooling water for cooling the engine acquired by a water temperature sensor. The information on the temperature may be the temperature of oil obtained by converting the temperature of cooling water.
In step S104, the control unit 32 determines whether or not the oil is in a low-temperature state based on the acquired information on the temperature of the oil.
Specifically, in step S104, the control unit 32 determines whether or not the temperature indicated by the information on the temperature of the oil (for example, the temperature of the oil and the temperature of the cooling water) is equal to or lower than a temperature threshold.
When the temperature indicated by the information on the temperature of the oil is equal to or lower than the temperature threshold, the control unit 32 determines that the oil is in a low-temperature state.
On the other hand, when the temperature indicated by the information on the temperature of the oil is greater than the temperature threshold value, the control unit 32 determines that the oil is not in a low-temperature state. The state in which the temperature indicated by the information on the temperature of the oil is greater than the temperature threshold value is also referred to as a non-low temperature state of the oil. The non-low temperature state may be classified into a first high temperature state corresponding to a state higher than a first temperature (also referred to as a first temperature threshold value) and lower than a second temperature (also referred to as a second temperature threshold value), and a second high temperature state higher than the second temperature.
When the oil is in a low-temperature state (yes in step S104), the control unit 32 shifts the control process to step S105.
On the other hand, when the oil is not in a low temperature state (no in step S104), the control unit 32 shifts the control process to step S106.
In step S105, the control unit 32 sets the rotation speed threshold to the first rotation speed. In this way, when the internal combustion engine E is in the low-load state and the oil is in the low-temperature state, the control unit 32 sets the value of the rotation speed threshold to the first rotation speed.
On the other hand, in step S106, the control unit 32 sets the rotation speed threshold to the second rotation speed. The second rotational speed is greater than the first rotational speed. The control unit 32 may set the second rotation speed to the rotation speed threshold value in advance at the time point when the internal combustion engine E is started.
In this way, the control unit 32 sets the rotation speed threshold to the second rotation speed when the internal combustion engine E is in the low load state and the oil is in the non-low temperature state. Then, the control unit 32 advances the control process to step S107.
Although not shown, the control unit 32 may perform processing for determining whether or not the oil state corresponds to the second high temperature state, before performing step S106. Then, when the state of the oil corresponds to the second high temperature state, the control portion 32 may shift the control process to step S110.
That is, when the oil state corresponds to the second high temperature state, the control unit 32 controls the oil pump device 2 so as not to be variable. When the state of the oil does not correspond to the second high temperature state (that is, when the state of the oil corresponds to the first high temperature state), the control portion 32 may shift the control process to step S106.
In step S107, the control unit 32 acquires information on the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E (for example, the rotational speed of the crankshaft). The information on the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine E may be a detection value of a sensor provided to the vehicle. That is, the control portion 32 acquires information on the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E from the sensor.
In step S108, the control unit 32 determines whether the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is equal to or greater than a rotational speed threshold value, based on the acquired information on the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E.
When the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is equal to or greater than the rotational speed threshold (yes in step S108), the control unit 32 shifts the control process to step S109.
On the other hand, when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is smaller than the rotational speed threshold value (no in step S108), the control unit 32 shifts the control process to step S110.
In step S109, the control unit 32 energizes the solenoid valve 31 to turn the solenoid valve 31 on. In the open state of the solenoid valve 31, a part of the oil discharged from the pump portion 21 flows into the control oil pressure chamber 221 through the solenoid valve 31 and the introduction port 211d.
When the oil pressure of the oil flowing into the control oil pressure chamber 221 is equal to or higher than the oil pressure threshold value, the variable portion 22 operates. When the variable portion 22 operates, the spring 222 contracts and the eccentric amount of the cam ring 215 with respect to the rotor 213 changes.
As a result, the volume of the pump chamber 216 becomes smaller, and the discharge amount of the oil discharged from the pump portion 21 becomes smaller. That is, the oil pump device 2 is in a variable state. In the variable state of the oil pump device 2, the discharge amount of the oil discharged from the pump portion 21 is the second discharge amount.
On the other hand, when the oil pressure of the oil flowing into the control oil pressure chamber 221 is smaller than the oil pressure threshold value, the variable portion 22 does not operate. As a result, the volume of the pump chamber 216 is unchanged, and the discharge amount of the oil discharged from the pump portion 21 is also unchanged. That is, the oil pump device 2 is in a non-variable state. In the non-variable state of the oil pump device 2, the discharge amount of the oil discharged from the pump portion 21 is the first discharge amount.
In the case where the solenoid valve 31 is already in the open state in step S109, the control unit 32 maintains the open state of the solenoid valve 31. On the other hand, when the solenoid valve 31 is in the closed state in step S109, the control unit 32 energizes the solenoid valve 31 to turn the solenoid valve 31 into the open state.
In step S110, the control unit 32 does not energize the solenoid valve 31, and turns the solenoid valve 31 into a closed state. In the case where the solenoid valve 31 is already in the closed state in step S110, the control unit 32 maintains the closed state of the solenoid valve 31. On the other hand, when the solenoid valve 31 is in the open state in step S110, the control unit 32 stops the energization of the solenoid valve 31, and closes the solenoid valve 31.
In the closed state of the solenoid valve 31, the oil discharged from the pump unit 21 does not flow into the control oil pressure chamber 221, and therefore the variable unit 22 does not operate. Thus, the discharge amount of the oil discharged from the pump portion 21 is the first discharge amount.
In step S111, the control unit 32 executes a lock-up suppression control for suppressing lock-up of the solenoid valve 31.
First, the reason for performing the seizure suppression control will be described. In the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment, the condition under which the oil pump device 2 becomes variable (hereinafter, referred to as "variable condition of the oil pump device") is: the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is equal to or greater than a rotational speed threshold value, and the oil pressure of the oil in the control oil pressure chamber 221 is equal to or greater than an oil pressure threshold value.
In such an oil supply device 1, when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is equal to or greater than the rotational speed threshold value, the solenoid valve 31 is opened, and oil is supplied to the control oil pressure chamber 221. When the oil pressure of the oil in the control oil pressure chamber 221 is equal to or higher than the oil pressure threshold value, the variable portion 22 is operated to change the oil pump device 2.
For example, when the state in which the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is lower than the rotational speed threshold value continues for a long time, the solenoid valve 31 may be stuck. If the solenoid valve 31 is stuck, the solenoid valve 31 may not operate normally. Then, the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment is configured to suppress the locking of the solenoid valve 31 by energizing the solenoid valve 31 in a state where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is lower than the rotational speed threshold value. The lock suppression control will be described below with reference to fig. 3.
First, in step S1111, the control unit 32 acquires information on the oil pressure of the oil. The information on the oil pressure of the oil may be a detection value of an oil pressure sensor provided in the vehicle.
For example, the oil pressure sensor may be provided in an oil passage (specifically, the oil passage member L12 or the oil passage member L13) through which the oil supplied to the control oil pressure chamber 221 passes. Alternatively, the oil pressure sensor may be provided in the oil supply device 1 at a portion (for example, a main oil passage) through which oil of an oil pressure equal to the oil pressure of the oil supplied to the control oil pressure chamber 221 flows.
In step S1112, the control unit 32 determines whether or not the oil state corresponds to the low pressure state based on the acquired information on the oil pressure.
Specifically, in step S1112, the control unit 32 determines whether or not the oil pressure of the oil is less than the oil pressure threshold. As described above, the hydraulic pressure threshold is the hydraulic pressure required for the variable portion 22 to operate. Thus, the low pressure state of the oil can be understood as a state in which the oil pressure of the oil is lower than that required for the operation of the variable portion 22. A state in which the oil pressure of the oil is equal to or higher than the oil pressure threshold value is also referred to as a non-low pressure state of the oil.
When the oil state corresponds to the low pressure state (yes in step S1112), the control unit 32 shifts the control process to step S1113.
On the other hand, when the oil state does not correspond to the low pressure state (no in step S1112), the control unit 32 ends the seizure suppression control.
In step S1113, the control unit 32 energizes the solenoid valve 31 to turn the solenoid valve 31 on. The control unit 32 may stop the energization of the solenoid valve 31 after a predetermined time elapses from the start of the energization of the solenoid valve 31. Alternatively, the control unit 32 may stop the energization of the solenoid valve 31 after a time determined by the oil pressure of the oil has elapsed from the start of the energization of the solenoid valve 31, instead of stopping the energization of the solenoid valve 31 after a predetermined time has elapsed. Alternatively, the control unit 32 may stop the energization of the solenoid valve 31 when the oil pressure of the oil after the energization of the solenoid valve 31 is started exceeds the oil pressure threshold value, instead of stopping the energization of the solenoid valve 31 after the lapse of the predetermined time.
In this way, the control unit 32 energizes the solenoid valve 31 in the low-pressure state of the oil, and turns on the solenoid valve 31. In step S1113, even if the solenoid valve 31 is turned on, the oil is in a low-pressure state, so that the oil pump device 2 does not become in a variable state.
< modification 1>
Variation 1 of the lock suppression control will be described. The control unit 32 may acquire the elapsed time (accumulated time) since the solenoid valve 31 was last energized. Then, the control unit 32 may perform the seizure suppression control when the acquired elapsed time (accumulated time) is equal to or greater than the time threshold. Such an elapsed time (accumulated time) may be an accumulation of a time when the electromagnetic valve 31 is not energized in the on state of the internal combustion engine E and a time when the electromagnetic valve 31 is not energized in the off state of the internal combustion engine E.
For example, the control unit 32 may determine whether or not the acquired integrated time is equal to or greater than the time threshold between step S110 and step S111 in fig. 2. Then, when the acquired integrated time is equal to or longer than the time threshold, the control unit 32 may skip the seizure suppression processing of step S111.
Alternatively, the control unit 32 may determine whether or not the acquired integrated time is equal to or greater than the time threshold between step S1112 and step S1113 in fig. 3. Then, when the acquired integrated time is equal to or greater than the time threshold, the control unit 32 may skip the control process of step S1113.
In this way, in the lockup control of modification 1, the timing to turn on the solenoid valve 31 is determined based on the cumulative time during which the solenoid valve 31 is not energized. Thus, the process of turning the solenoid valve 31 to the on state in the lock suppression control is not unnecessarily repeated.
< modification example 2>
Next, modification 2 of the lock suppression control will be described. The control unit 32 may perform the seizure suppression control in the case where the state of the oil does not correspond to the second high temperature state. In other words, the control unit 32 may not perform the seizure suppression control in the case where the state of the oil corresponds to the second high temperature state.
For example, the control unit 32 may determine whether or not the oil state corresponds to the second high temperature state between step S110 and step S111 in fig. 2. Specifically, the control unit 32 determines whether or not the temperature of the oil is higher than the second temperature threshold.
Alternatively, the control unit 32 may determine whether or not the oil state corresponds to the second high temperature state between step S1112 and step S1113 in fig. 3. Then, in the case where the state of the oil corresponds to the second high temperature state, the control section 32 may skip the control process of step S1113.
When the oil is in the second high temperature state, it is necessary to supply a large amount of oil to the components of the internal combustion engine E and cool the components. Therefore, when the oil is in the second high temperature state, the control unit 32 skips the process of turning on the solenoid valve 31 in the lockup suppression control. As a result, even if the oil pressure of the oil increases, the variable portion 22 operates, and the discharge amount of the oil pump device 2 does not decrease. Thus, the components of the internal combustion engine E can be efficiently cooled in the second high-temperature state of the oil.
In the oil supply device of the present embodiment, the electromagnetic valve 31 may be in an open state in a high load state of the internal combustion engine E. Specifically, in the lockup suppression control of the solenoid valve, when the oil is in a low-pressure state, the solenoid valve 31 is in an open state in a high-load state of the internal combustion engine E. However, since the oil is in a low pressure state, the variable portion 22 does not operate. Thus, the oil pump device 2 does not become in a variable state in the high load state of the internal combustion engine E.
In the variable control of the oil supply device according to the present embodiment, when the internal combustion engine E is in a low load state and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is higher than the rotational speed threshold (the first rotational speed or the second rotational speed), the electromagnetic valve 31 may be in an open state.
Specifically, in the lockup suppression control, when the oil is in the low-pressure state, the solenoid valve 31 is turned on even if the internal combustion engine E is in a low-load state and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is smaller than the rotational speed threshold (first rotational speed or second rotational speed). However, since the oil is in a low pressure state, the variable portion 22 does not operate. Thus, when the internal combustion engine E is in a low load state and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E is smaller than the rotational speed threshold value (the first rotational speed or the second rotational speed), the oil pump device 2 does not become in a variable state.
< action and Effect of the embodiment >
As described above, in the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment, the locking suppression control of the solenoid valve as described above is performed, and the locking of the solenoid valve can be suppressed. As a result, the variable operation of the oil pump device 2 can be performed stably.
In the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment, the oil pump device 2 is set to a variable state at an appropriate timing in a low load state of the internal combustion engine E in which the amount of oil required for the internal combustion engine E is small, so that the discharge amount of the oil pump device 2 can be reduced. As a result, the driving loss in the oil pump device 2 becomes small, and the fuel efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved.
In addition, when the oil is in a low-temperature state, the variable portion 22 can be operated at an appropriate timing. As a result, torque shock of the internal combustion engine E caused by the operation of the variable portion 22 can be reduced.
The reason will be described with reference to fig. 4A to 4D. Fig. 4A is a diagram showing a relationship between the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine E and the oil pressure of the oil discharged from the pump unit 21 when the variable portion is operated in a low load state of the internal combustion engine E and in a low temperature state of the oil, with respect to the oil supply device of the reference example. The oil supply device of the reference example is understood to be an oil supply device that does not implement variable control of the oil pump device of the present embodiment.
Fig. 4B to 4D are diagrams showing a relationship between the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E and the oil pressure of the oil discharged from the pump portion 21 in the oil supply device 1 according to the present embodiment.
Specifically, fig. 4B is a diagram showing a relationship between the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine E and the oil pressure of the oil discharged from the pump unit 21 when the variable portion 22 operates in a low-load state of the internal combustion engine E in which the amount of oil required for the internal combustion engine E is small and in a low-temperature state of the oil.
Fig. 4C is a diagram showing a relationship between the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine E and the oil pressure of the oil discharged from the pump unit 21 when the variable portion 22 is not operated in a non-low temperature state of the oil in a high load state of the internal combustion engine E in which the amount of the oil required for the internal combustion engine E is large.
Fig. 4D is a diagram showing a relationship between the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine E and the pressure of the oil discharged from the pump unit 21 when the variable portion 22 operates in a low load state of the internal combustion engine E in which the amount of the oil required for the internal combustion engine E is large and in a non-low temperature state of the oil.
Here, in the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment and the oil supply device of the reference example, the variable portion 22 operates when the oil pressure of the oil in the control oil pressure chamber 221 is P1 or more.
The oil pressure of the oil in the control oil pressure chamber 221 is equal to the oil pressure of the oil discharged from the pump unit 21. In the oil supply device of the reference example, the rotation speed threshold at which the electromagnetic valve 31 is in the open state is the first rotation speed (that is, the rotation speed N1).
On the other hand, in the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment, the rotation speed threshold at which the solenoid valve 31 is turned on in the low-load state of the internal combustion engine E and in the low-temperature state of the oil is the second rotation speed (that is, the rotation speed N2).
In the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment, the rotational speed threshold at which the solenoid valve 31 is in the open state in the low-load state of the internal combustion engine E and in the non-low-temperature state of the oil is the first rotational speed (that is, the rotational speed N1).
Since the viscosity of the oil in the low temperature state is higher than the viscosity of the oil in the high temperature state, the rate of increase of the oil pressure in the low temperature state (see fig. 4A) is faster than the rate of increase of the oil pressure in the high temperature state (see fig. 4D).
In the case of fig. 4A, the oil pressure of the oil in the control oil pressure chamber 221 is P1 at the rotation speed N2. However, even if the oil pressure of the oil in the control oil pressure chamber 221 is P1, the electromagnetic valve 31 is in a closed state, so that the oil is not supplied to the control oil pressure chamber 221. Therefore, the variable portion 22 does not operate at the rotation speed N2.
In the case of fig. 4A, the electromagnetic valve 31 is opened at the rotational speed N1 of the internal combustion engine E, and oil is supplied to the control oil pressure chamber 221. As a result, the variable portion 22 operates, and the discharge amount of the oil pump device 2 decreases. As a result, as shown in fig. 4A, the oil pressure of the oil decreases from P2 to P1. The torque shock is generated in the internal combustion engine E due to the fluctuation of the oil pressure of the oil.
On the other hand, in the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment, when the internal combustion engine E is in a low-load state and the oil is in a low-temperature state, as shown in fig. 4B, the oil pressure of the oil in the control oil pressure chamber 221 is P1 and the solenoid valve 31 is in an open state at the rotation speed N2. As a result, the variable portion 22 operates at the rotation speed N2. As shown in fig. 4B, even if the discharge amount of the pump portion 21 is reduced, the oil pressure of the oil does not greatly vary from P1. Thus, the occurrence of torque shock of the internal combustion engine E caused by the fluctuation of the oil pressure of the oil can be suppressed.
In the oil supply device 1 of the present embodiment, when the internal combustion engine E is in a low load state and the oil is in a high temperature state, as shown in fig. 4, the oil pressure of the oil in the oil pressure chamber 221 is controlled to be P1 and the solenoid valve 31 is opened at the rotation speed N1. As a result, the variable portion 22 operates at the rotation speed N1. As shown in fig. 4C, even if the discharge amount of the pump portion 21 is reduced, the oil pressure of the oil does not greatly vary from P1. Thus, the occurrence of torque shock of the internal combustion engine E caused by the fluctuation of the oil pressure of the oil can be suppressed.
The present application is based on the Japanese patent application filed on 30/9/2019 (Japanese patent application No. 2019-178981), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Industrial applicability
The oil supply device of the present invention can be applied to various internal combustion engines such as gasoline engines, and is not limited to application to diesel engines.
Description of the reference numerals
1. Oil supply device
2. Oil pump device
21. Pump part
211. Shell body
211a accommodating portion
211b suction inlet
211c discharge port
211d inlet
212. Driving shaft
213. Rotor
213a slit
214. Impeller wheel
215. Cam ring
215a flange portion
216. Pump chamber
22. Variable part
221. Control oil pressure chamber
222. Spring
3. Variable control unit
31. Electromagnetic valve
311. First port
312. Second port
32. Control unit
4. Oil pan
5. Transmission line
L1 oil circuit
L11, L12, L13, L14 oil passage component
E internal combustion engine
Claims (5)
1. An oil supply device for an internal combustion engine, comprising:
an oil pump device for supplying oil to the internal combustion engine;
an oil pressure sensor that measures an oil pressure of the supplied oil;
the valve is arranged in an oil path for supplying the oil to the oil pump device and is used for opening and closing the oil path; and
a control unit that controls opening and closing of the valve, and when the oil pressure is smaller than a threshold value, performs a seizure suppression control of re-opening the valve after the valve is closed,
the control unit executes the seizure suppression control when the oil pressure is smaller than the threshold value and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is smaller than the threshold value.
2. The oil supply apparatus of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein,
the control portion closes the valve when the internal combustion engine is in a high load state or when a rotation speed of the internal combustion engine is smaller than a threshold value.
3. The oil supply apparatus of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein,
the control unit executes the seizure suppression control when the oil pressure is smaller than the threshold value and the internal combustion engine is in a high-load state.
4. The oil supply apparatus of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein,
the control unit executes the seizure suppression control when the oil pressure is smaller than the threshold value and an elapsed time since the last opening of the valve is equal to or greater than the threshold value.
5. The oil supply apparatus of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein,
the control unit executes the seizure suppression control when the oil pressure is smaller than the threshold value and the temperature of the oil is lower than the threshold value.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019178981A JP2021055602A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Oil supply apparatus of internal combustion engine |
| JP2019-178981 | 2019-09-30 | ||
| PCT/JP2020/037146 WO2021066009A1 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Oil supply device to be used in internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114514361A CN114514361A (en) | 2022-05-17 |
| CN114514361B true CN114514361B (en) | 2024-01-12 |
Family
ID=75272387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080067189.XA Active CN114514361B (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Oil supply device for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2021055602A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN114514361B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE112020004684T5 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021066009A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6343078A (en) * | 1986-08-05 | 1988-02-24 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Control device for driving solenoid operated valve for working machinery |
| CN103362591A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-23 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Oil pump control system for vehicle and operation method thereof |
| JP2015175344A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-10-05 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Engine control device and engine control method |
| JP2017166645A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-21 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Control method for solenoid valve and control method for solenoid valve applied in variable capacity type pump |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000337121A (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2000-12-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Lubrication control device for engine |
| JP2010090770A (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | Control device for control valve |
| JP2014031739A (en) | 2012-08-02 | 2014-02-20 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd | Variable displacement vane pump |
| JP5725376B2 (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2015-05-27 | 株式会社デンソー | Electromagnetic valve control device and electromagnetic valve control method |
| JP2018141487A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-09-13 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Relief valve control device and relief valve control method |
| JP2019178981A (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-17 | 大研医器株式会社 | Structure for inspection, inspection device and inspection method |
-
2019
- 2019-09-30 JP JP2019178981A patent/JP2021055602A/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202080067189.XA patent/CN114514361B/en active Active
- 2020-09-30 WO PCT/JP2020/037146 patent/WO2021066009A1/en active Application Filing
- 2020-09-30 DE DE112020004684.2T patent/DE112020004684T5/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6343078A (en) * | 1986-08-05 | 1988-02-24 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Control device for driving solenoid operated valve for working machinery |
| CN103362591A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-23 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Oil pump control system for vehicle and operation method thereof |
| JP2015175344A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-10-05 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Engine control device and engine control method |
| JP2017166645A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-21 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Control method for solenoid valve and control method for solenoid valve applied in variable capacity type pump |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112020004684T5 (en) | 2022-06-23 |
| CN114514361A (en) | 2022-05-17 |
| JP2021055602A (en) | 2021-04-08 |
| WO2021066009A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
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