CN114513454A

CN114513454A - Communication method and system applied to metropolitan area transport network (MTN) or fragment packet network (SPN)

Info

Publication number: CN114513454A
Application number: CN202011282559.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江元龙; 胡永健
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-16
Filing date: 2020-11-16
Publication date: 2022-05-17
Also published as: WO2022100350A1; JP2023548944A; US20230283541A1; EP4236249A4; EP4236249A1

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a communication method and a communication system applied to MTN or SPN, wherein the MTN communication system comprises a first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, the third communication device is respectively connected with the first communication device and the second communication device through a first MTN path and a second MTN path, and for the third communication device, when the third communication device receives a data stream corresponding to a first client, if the second MTN path is available, the third communication device transmits the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second MTN path; and if the second MTN path is unavailable, the third communication device transmits the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first MTN path, so that the normal transmission of the data stream is ensured. Furthermore, the third communication apparatus may further perform load sharing by transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client using the second MTN path and transmitting a data stream corresponding to the second client using the first MTN path.

Description

Communication method and system applied to metropolitan area transport network (MTN) or fragment packet network (SPN)

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and system applied to a Metro Transport Network (MTN) or a Slice Packet Network (SPN).

Background

Flexible Ethernet (FlexE) is a technology that supports various Media Access Control (MAC) rate services. It binds one or more ethernet Physical (PHY) links together, providing flexible channelized subrates. For example, for each PHY of 100GBASE-R, it divides it into data-carrying lanes of 20 slots (slots), with each slot corresponding to a bandwidth of 5 Gbps. For each PHY of 50GBASE-R, it is divided into 10-slot data-carrying channels. Ethernet frames of an original data stream of a flexible ethernet Client (FlexE Client) are segmented in units of 64/66 byte (byte) encoded code blocks, and then each code block is scheduled to a number of slots of one or more PHYs of a flexible ethernet Group (FlexE Group) for transmission through a flexible ethernet Shim (FlexE Shim).

In a new type of transmission technology, such as MTN technology, ethernet frame traffic may be forwarded from one end of the network to the other end of the network through one or more hop nodes in a series of 64B/66B code blocks, and finally restored back to ethernet frame traffic. Each hop node in the middle of the network can receive the 64B/66B code block and forward the 64B/66B code block to the next hop node according to a certain path. However, when the forwarding path fails, traffic interruption is caused, affecting traffic transmission. For example, as shown in fig. 1, a network device PE1 is connected to a network device PE2 via a working path and a protection path, and when the working path works normally, PE1 and PE2 transmit traffic via the working path, and when the working path fails, the traffic is adjusted from the working path to the protection path, and PE1 and PE2 transmit traffic via the protection path. However, when the PE2 node fails or between PE2 and CE2, traffic transmission is interrupted, which affects transmission of traffic flow. Moreover, in the network architecture shown in fig. 1, when the traffic flow between PE1 and PE2 is large, PE1 is made to have a heavy transmission load, resulting in a loss of the traffic flow.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a communication method and a communication system applied to a network (such as MTN or SPN). The problem of service interruption caused by forwarding path failure can be solved, load sharing can be realized, and the reliability of the network is improved.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a multi-homing communication method in a network, the network including a first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first MTN path and a second MTN path, respectively, the method including: and transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second MTN path.

In one example, the method may be performed by a third communications device, and in a scenario in which load sharing is implemented, the third communications device transmits a data stream corresponding to a second client via a first MTN path. In this implementation manner, the third communication device may transmit data streams by using different MTN paths according to different clients, so as to perform load sharing and improve data transmission quality when traffic is large.

Optionally, for a scenario in which the second MTN path is unavailable, the third communications device may further transmit a data stream corresponding to the first client using the first MTN path. In this implementation, when the second MTN path is unavailable, the third communication device may start the protection path, that is, the first MTN path, to transmit the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first MTN path, so as to ensure normal transmission of the data stream, and improve reliability of service transmission.

Optionally, before the data stream corresponding to the first client is transmitted by using the first MTN path, it may be determined that the second MTN path fails according to a first indication sent by the second communication device, where the first indication is used to indicate that the second MTN path fails. In this implementation manner, the second communication device may detect that the second MTN path fails, and send the first instruction to the first communication device or the third communication device, so that the first communication device or the third communication device may know that the second MTN path fails, and then the MTN path switching is implemented.

Optionally, the first communication device receives a first indication from the second communication device to determine that the second MTN path is faulty according to the first indication.

Optionally, the first indication is carried in a dual homing coordination DHC message.

Optionally, the first communications device is aware that the second MTN path has failed after receiving said first indication. The first communication device sends a second indication to the third communication device, where the second indication is used to instruct the third communication device to switch the transmission path of the data stream corresponding to the first client from the second MTN path to the first MTN path.

Optionally, the second indication is included in an automatic protection switching, APS, message.

Alternatively, the third communication device may directly receive the first indication sent by the second communication device, so as to determine that the second MTN path is failed according to the first indication.

Optionally, the first indication is included in an operation, maintenance, administration, OAM, message.

Optionally, when the second communication device fails, the second MTN path will be caused to fail, in which case, the first communication device may detect that the second communication device fails, and send indication information to the third communication device, where the indication information is used to instruct the third communication device to switch the second MTN path to the first MTN path, so as to send the data stream through the first MTN path.

Optionally, the third communication device may also detect that the second MTN path fails, in which case the third communication device may send a third indication to indicate that the second MTN path fails.

Optionally, the third communication device may send the third indication to the first communication device. The first communications device determines a second MTN path failure based on the third indication.

Optionally, the third indication is included in an automatic protection switching APS message.

Optionally, the third communications device may send a third instruction to the second communications device, so that the second communications device may determine that the second MTN path fails according to the third instruction, and then start the third MTN path, thereby avoiding a problem that the service cannot be normally transmitted due to the failure of the second MTN path.

Optionally, the third indication is included in an operation, maintenance, administration, OAM, message.

Optionally, before the data stream corresponding to the first client is transmitted by using the first MTN path, the second communication device sends a first indication to the first communication device or the third communication device, where the first indication is used to indicate that the second MTN path fails.

Optionally, the first indication is carried in a dual homing coordination DHC message or an operation, maintenance, and management, OAM, message.

Optionally, the network further includes a fourth communication device, and the fourth communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through the first path and the second path, respectively.

Optionally, when the first communication device and the second communication device are communicatively connected through the third MTN path, the second path is available, and the second MTN path is unavailable, the data stream corresponding to the first client is transmitted through the first MTN path, the third MTN path, and the second path. In this implementation, when the second MTN path is unavailable, the third communication device may start the first MTN path, the first communication device may start the third MTN path, and data streams are transmitted between the first communication device and the fourth communication device through the first MTN path, the third MTN path, and the second path, so as to ensure normal transmission of the data streams.

Optionally, when the first communication device and the second communication device are communicatively connected through the third MTN path, the second MTN path is available, and the second path is unavailable, the data stream corresponding to the first client is transmitted through the second MTN path, the third MTN path, and the first path. In this implementation, when the second path is unavailable, to ensure transmission of the data stream, the first communication device may start the first path, and the data stream corresponding to the first client may be transmitted between the third communication device and the fourth communication device through the second MTN path, the third MTN path, and the first path. Initiating a path may refer to setting the path to an active state that may be used to forward a data flow. For example, initiating the first path is to set a state of the first path to an active state for forwarding the data flow.

Optionally, when both the second path and the second MTN path are unavailable, in order to ensure normal transmission of the data stream, the third communication device switches from the second MTN path to the first MTN path, and the fourth communication device switches from the second path to the first path, so that the data stream corresponding to the first client is transmitted between the third communication device and the fourth communication device through the first MTN path and the first path.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a multi-homing communication method in a network, the network comprising a first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first path and a second path, respectively, and the first communication device and the second communication device are connected through a first MTN path; the method may be executed by the third communication device or the second communication device, and when the second path is available, the data stream corresponding to the first client may be transmitted through the second path; and when the second path is unavailable, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first path and the first MTN path.

Optionally, when the second path is available, transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client through the two paths includes: and transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first MTN path and the second path. In this embodiment, between the third communication apparatus and the first communication apparatus, the data stream may be transmitted through the first MTN path and the second path.

Optionally, when the second path is unavailable, the second communication device may detect that the second path is unavailable, send indication information to the first communication device, and determine that the second path fails, where the indication information is used to indicate that the second path fails. The first communication device may initiate the first path after determining that the second path is faulty.

Optionally, the indication information is carried in a dual homing coordination DHC message.

Optionally, the network further includes a fourth communication device, and the fourth communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through the second MTN path and the third MTN path, respectively.

Optionally, when the second path is unavailable, transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client through the first path and the first MTN path includes: and when the third MTN path is available and the second path is unavailable, transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client through the third MTN path, the first MTN path and the first path.

Optionally, when the second path is available, transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client through the second path includes: and when the third MTN path is unavailable and the second path is available, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second MTN path, the first MTN path and the second path.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a communication method in a network, the network including a first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first MTN path and a second MTN path, respectively, the method including: and when the second MTN working path is not used, configuring the state of the first MTN path into an active state. Specifically, the state of the first MTN path is configured from an inactive state to an active state.

Optionally, before configuring the state of the first MTN path to the active state, the method further comprises: and determining that the second MTN path fails according to a first indication sent by the second communication device, wherein the first indication is used for indicating that the second MTN path fails.

Optionally, before determining that the second MTN path fails, the method includes: the first communication device receives the first indication from the second communication device.

Optionally, after receiving the first indication, the method further comprises: the first communications device sends a second indication to the third communications device instructing the third communications device to configure the first MTN path as an active state.

Optionally, the second indication is included in an automatic protection switching APS message.

Optionally, before determining that the second MTN path fails, the method includes: the third communication device receives the first indication from the second communication device.

Optionally, the first indication is carried in an operation, maintenance and management, OAM, message.

Optionally, before configuring the first MTN path to an active state, the method further comprises: the third communication device receives indication information sent by the first communication device, where the indication information is used to indicate the third communication device to configure the first MTN path to be in an active state.

Optionally, before transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client by using the first MTN path, the method further includes: and determining that the second MTN path fails according to a third indication sent by the third communication device, wherein the third indication is used for indicating that the second MTN path fails.

Optionally, the third indication is sent by the third communication device to the first communication device.

Optionally, the third indication is sent by the third communication device to the second communication device.

Optionally, the third indication is included in an operation, maintenance and management, OAM, message.

Optionally, before determining that the second MTN path fails, the method includes: the second communication device sends a first indication to the first communication device or the third communication device, wherein the first indication is used for indicating that the second MTN path is failed.

Optionally, the fourth indication is carried in a dual homing coordination DHC message or an operation, maintenance and management OAM message.

Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are communicatively connected through a third MTN path, and the method further includes: configuring the third MTN path to an active state when the second path is available.

Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are communicatively connected through a third MTN path, and the method further includes: configuring the first path to an active state when the second path is unavailable.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a first communication device for application to a network comprising the first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device via a first path and a second path, respectively. Optionally, the first path and the second path are both MTN paths. Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are also connected through an MTN path. The first communication device includes: a transceiving unit and a processing unit. The transceiving unit is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method according to any of the first, second, and third aspects, and the processing unit is configured to perform other operations than transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method according to any of the first, second, and third aspects.

In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a first communication device for application to a network comprising the first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device via a first path and a second path, respectively. Optionally, the first path and the second path are both MTN paths. Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are also connected through an MTN path. The first communication device comprises a memory and at least one processor; the memory for storing program code; the at least one processor is configured to execute the instructions in the program code to cause the first communication device to perform one or more operations of the method of any of the first, second, and third aspects described above.

In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a first communication device for application to a network comprising the first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device via a first path and a second path, respectively. Optionally, the first path and the second path are both MTN paths. Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are also connected through an MTN path. The first communication device comprises a communication interface for performing transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method of any of the first, second, and third aspects, and a processor for performing other operations than the transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method of any of the first, second, and third aspects above. In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a second communication device applied to a network, the network comprising the first communication device, the second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first path and a second path, respectively. Optionally, the first path and the second path are both MTN paths. Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are also connected through an MTN path. The second communication device includes: a transceiving unit and a processing unit. The transceiving unit is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method according to any of the first, second, and third aspects, and the processing unit is configured to perform other operations than transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method according to any of the first, second, and third aspects.

In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a second communication device for application to a network comprising the first communication device, the second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first path and a second path, respectively. Optionally, the first path and the second path are both MTN paths. Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are also connected through an MTN path. The second communication device comprises a memory and at least one processor; the memory for storing program code; the at least one processor is configured to execute the instructions in the program code to cause the second communication device to perform one or more operations of the method according to any one of the first, second, and third aspects described above.

In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a second communication device for application to a network comprising the first communication device, the second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first path and a second path, respectively. Optionally, the first path and the second path are both MTN paths. Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are also connected through an MTN path. The second communication device comprises a plurality of communication interfaces for performing transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method of any of the first, second, and third aspects, and at least one processor for performing other operations than the transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method of any of the first, second, and third aspects above.

In a tenth aspect, the present application provides a third communication device applied to a network including the first communication device, the second communication device and the third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first path and a second path, respectively. Optionally, the first path and the second path are both MTN paths. Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are also connected through an MTN path. The third communication device includes: a transceiving unit and a processing unit. The transceiving unit is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method according to any of the first, second, and third aspects, and the processing unit is configured to perform other operations than transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method according to any of the first, second, and third aspects. In an eleventh aspect, the present application provides a third communication device applied to a network including the first communication device, the second communication device and the third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first path and a second path, respectively. Optionally, the first path and the second path are both MTN paths. Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are also connected through an MTN path. The third communication device comprises a memory and at least one processor; the memory for storing program code; the at least one processor is configured to execute the instructions in the program code to cause the third communication device to perform one or more operations of the method according to any one of the first, second, and third aspects described above.

In a twelfth aspect, the present application provides a third communication device applied to a network including the first communication device, the second communication device and the third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first path and a second path, respectively. Optionally, the first path and the second path are both MTN paths. Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device are also connected through an MTN path. The third communication device comprises a plurality of communication interfaces for performing transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method of any of the above first, second, and third aspects, and at least one processor for performing other operations than the transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method of any of the above first, second, and third aspects.

In a thirteenth aspect, the present application provides a communication system comprising the first communication apparatus of the fourth aspect, the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, the second communication apparatus of the seventh aspect, the eighth aspect, or the ninth aspect, and the third communication apparatus of the tenth aspect, the eleventh aspect, or the twelfth aspect. The communication system may perform one or more of the operations of the method of any preceding aspect.

In a fourteenth aspect, the present application provides a multi-homing system applied in a metropolitan area transmission network MTN, including: at least one processor and memory; the memory for storing instructions or computer programs; the at least one processor configured to execute the instructions or computer program in the memory to cause the system to perform one or more operations of the method of any of the above first, second and third aspects. In this application, the multi-homing system may be a network formed by several network devices, or may refer to one network device, which is not limited herein.

In a fifteenth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform one or more operations of the method of any one of the first, second and third aspects above.

In a sixteenth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform one or more of the operations of the method of any of the first, second and third aspects above.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a conventional application scenario;

fig. 2a is a diagram of a FlexE implementation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2B is a block diagram of a 64B/66B code block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3a is a schematic view of an application scenario provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3b is a schematic view of another application scenario provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for multi-homing communication in a network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5a is a structural diagram of a DHC package format according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5b is a structural diagram of another DHC package format provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a flowchart of another method for multi-homing communication in a network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in another network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in another network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in another network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in another network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in another network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12a is a block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12b is a block diagram of another communication system provided in the embodiments of the present application;

fig. 13 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in another network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in another network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in another network according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a block diagram of another communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a block diagram of still another communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, network elements and techniques related to the embodiments of the present application are described below.

The FlexE technology is developed to meet the requirements of high-speed transmission, flexible bandwidth configuration, and the like based on the standard Ethernet technology. The FlexE technology realizes the decoupling of a Media Access Control (MAC) layer and a physical layer (PHY) layer by introducing a FlexE Shim layer on the basis of IEEE 802.3. FlexE is defined based on Client/Group (Client/Group) architecture, and as shown in fig. 2a, any number of different sub-interfaces (FlexE clients) can be supported to map and transmit on any set of phys (FlexE Group). That is, FlexE may bind one or more PHY links together to provide transport channels of different rates. For example, a PHY link corresponding to each 100GBASE-R may be divided into 20 Slot (Slot) data transmission channels, each Slot corresponding to a bandwidth of 5 Gbps. The Ethernet frame corresponding to the Flexe Client is cut into a plurality of code blocks in a 64B/66B coding mode, and each code block is scheduled to a plurality of time slots of one or a plurality of PHYs of a Flexe Group through Flexe Shim to be transmitted. The IEEE802.3 defined 64B/66B coding is to encode 64-bit data or control information into 66-bit code block for transmission, wherein the first two bits of the 66-bit code block represent the synchronization header, which is mainly used for data alignment at the receiving end and synchronization of the received data bit stream, as shown in fig. 2B. The sync header has two kinds of "01" and "10", the "01" indicates that the following 64-bit code block is a data code block, and the "10" indicates that the following 64-bit code block is a control code block. The 8 bits next to the sync header in the control code block are the type field and the next 56 bits are either control information or data or a mixture of both. In addition, the Optical Internet Forum (OIF) further defines a FlexE overhead basic frame and a FlexE overhead multiframe, wherein the FlexE overhead multiframe includes 32 FlexE overhead basic frames and the FlexE overhead basic frame includes 8 FlexE overhead code blocks. Wherein the Flexe determines the first Flexe overhead code block by an 8-bit type field value of 0x4B and an O code (bit 32 ~ 35) of 0x 5.

A Metro Transport Network (MTN) or a Slicing Packet Network (SPN) is a novel Transport Network for data stream transmission based on the FLexE technology. Wherein the technology used by the MTN (hereinafter referred to as MTN technology) mainly complies with relevant standards of International telecommunication Union ITU-T, and the technology used by the SPN (hereinafter referred to as SPN technology) mainly complies with relevant standards of China Community for communication standardization. Both are based on FLexE technology to process data at shim level. The two are implemented slightly differently at the path layer, for example, 6 bytes in the overhead code block can be defined to carry other messages in the SPN technique, and 3 bytes in the overhead code block can be defined to carry other messages in the MTN technique. However, in the implementation of the technology related to the present invention, there is no difference between the related implementations of the MTN technology and the SPN technology. In the present application, an MTN path refers to a path through which a packet is transmitted from one end of a network to the other end in an MTN network or an SPN network based on an MTN technology or an SPN technology. The message may pass through a plurality of intermediate nodes as it travels along the MTN path. In both MTN and SPN, ethernet frame traffic may be forwarded from one end of the network to the other end of the network in a series of 64B/66B code blocks, one or more hops, and finally restored into ethernet frames. During transmission, each hop node in the network can receive the 64B/66B code block and forward the code block to the next hop node, thereby completing the forwarding of the data stream. For the related descriptions and explanations of the MTN technology in the present application, such as the related implementation of the MTN interface, the frame format transmitted based on the MTN technology, etc., see the related descriptions in the ITU-T related standard or Draft standard (e.g., "Draft new Recommendation g.8312(ex _ g.mtn)", which is published 9/2020). The related description of the SPN technology can be found in the related standards of SPN established by the chinese communication standardization association at the filing date. As standards are further pushed and developed, technical term explanations in the present application relating to the MTN technology and SPN technology are compatible with the relevant standards as the standards are developed.

In a conventional communication system, as shown in fig. 1, traffic needs to be transmitted between PE1 and CE2 through PE 2. In practical application, mutually independent MTN working path and MTN protection path may be established between PE1 and PE 2. Normally, traffic is transmitted between PE1 and CE2 through the MTN working path, and when the MTN working path fails, traffic is transmitted between PE1 and CE2 through the MTN protection path. However, when PE2 fails, traffic transmission is interrupted because both MTN working path and MTN protection path belong to the same node, PE 2. In addition, when PE1 provides service transmission service for multiple users at the same time, the traffic between PE1 and PE2 is large, which affects the quality of service transmission.

In view of the above problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system including a first communication device, a second communication device, and a third communication device. Wherein the third communication device is connected to the first communication device and the second communication device through the first MTN path and the second MTN path, respectively. That is, in the communication system, the third communication apparatus is simultaneously connected with the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus. In general, a second MTN path between the third communication device and the second communication device may be set as an MTN working path, and the third communication device transmits traffic using the second MTN path. When the second MTN path is not available, the third communication device may transmit traffic using the first MTN path. Or, under the load sharing condition, the third communications apparatus may transmit a data stream corresponding to the second client through the first MTN path; the third communication device may transmit the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second MTN path, thereby reducing transmission loads of the first MTN path and the second MTN path and improving service transmission quality.

Referring to a schematic diagram of an application scenario shown in fig. 3a, in the MTN communication system, 5 network devices are taken as an example to be described, and are respectively a Customer Edge (CE) device CE1, a customer edge device CE2, a Provider Edge (PE) device PE1, a provider edge device PE2, and a provider edge device PE 3. PE1 and PE2 are connected by MTN path 1, PE1 and PE3 are connected by MTN path 2, and PE2 and PE3 are connected by MTN path 3, CE2 and PE2 are connected by link 1, CE2 and PE3 are connected by link 2, and CE1 and PE1 are connected by link 3. The links 1 to 3 may be Eth PHY links, FlexE links, or Link Aggregation Group (LAG) links. In the application scenario shown in fig. 3a, for PE1, MTN path 1 between PE1 and PE2 may be configured as a working path, and MTN path 2 between PE1 and PE3 may be configured as a protection path; alternatively, MTN path 2 between PE1 and PE3 is configured as a working path, and MTN path 1 between PE1 and PE2 is configured as a protection path. The protection path is used to transport data streams over the protection path by PE1 in the event that the working path is unavailable. For example, the protection path is MTN path 2, PE1 sends the packet to PE3 through the protection path, and PE3 forwards the packet to PE2 or CE 2. Or the PE1 receives the message sent by the PE3 through the protection path and forwards the message to the CE 1. For CE2, link 1 between CE2 and PE2 may be configured as a working link, and link 2 between CE2 and PE3 may be configured as a protection link. Alternatively, link 2 between CE2 and PE3 may be configured as a working link and link 1 between CE2 and PE2 may be configured as a protection link.

It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, a working path between the CE1 and the CE2 is in an active state, and data streams are transmitted through the working path, for example, the CE1-PE1-PE2-CE2, while a protection path may be in an inactive state, i.e., not used for transmitting data streams. When the working path or PE2 node fails, a protection path is initiated, with which to transport the data stream.

Referring to another application scenario diagram shown in fig. 3b, which is described by taking 6 network devices as an example, the network devices are a Customer Edge (CE) device CE1, a customer edge device CE2, a Provider Edge (PE) device PE1, an operator edge device PE2, an operator edge device PE3, and an operator edge device PE 4. PE1 and PE2 are connected by MTN path 1, PE1 and PE3 are connected by MTN path 2, and PE2 and PE3 are connected by MTN path 3, PE2 and PE4 are connected by MTN path 4, PE3 and PE4 are connected by MTN path 5, CE1 and PE1 are connected by link 1, and CE2 and PE4 are connected by link 2. The link 1 and the link 2 may be an Eth PHY link, a FlexE link, or a Link Aggregation Group (LAG) link. In the application scenario shown in fig. 3b, for PE1, MTN path 1 between PE1 and PE2 may be configured as a working path, and MTN path 2 between PE1 and PE3 may be configured as a protection path; alternatively, MTN path 2 between PE1 and PE3 is configured as a working path, and MTN path 1 between PE1 and PE2 is configured as a protection path. For PE4, MTN path 4 between PE4 and PE2 may be configured as a working path, and MTN path 5 between PE4 and PE3 may be configured as a protection path; alternatively, MTN path 5 between PE4 and PE3 is configured as a working path, and MTN path 4 between PE4 and PE2 is configured as a protection path.

It should be noted that, when the transmission path between the CE1 and the CE2 is CE1-PE1-PE2-PE4-CE2, a working path in the transmission path is configured to be in an active state, a data stream can be transmitted between the CE1 and the CE2 through the working path, and the protection path PE1-PE3-PE4 is configured to be in an inactive state, that is, not used for transmitting the data stream. When MTN path 1, MTN path 4 or PE2 node in the working path fails, the protection path corresponding to each path is started, and the data stream is transmitted by using the protection path.

Each network device may also be referred to as a node, and may be a device having a message processing function in a network system, for example, a router, a switch, and the like.

It should be noted that the application scenarios in the present application are only examples, and should not be construed as limitations of the application scenarios in the present application. For the convenience of understanding, the present application only illustrates application scenarios and corresponding methods, apparatuses, and systems of the present application in a dual homing scenario. But the same is applicable to other multi-homing scenarios, and the description is omitted here.

In order to facilitate understanding of the path switching method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the foregoing failure situations will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

With reference to the application scenario shown in fig. 3a or fig. 3b, taking MTN path 1 between PE1 and PE2 as a working path, and MTN path 2 between PE1 and PE3 as a protection path as an example for explanation, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in a network according to an embodiment of the present application, where the embodiment will explain operations performed by each network device when MTN path 1 fails, and the method 400 includes:

s401: PE2 obtains indication 1.

As shown in fig. 3a or fig. 3b, the state of MTN path 1 may be continuously monitored between PE2 and PE1 through an operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) message. Specifically, PE1 may periodically send OAM messages to PE2 to monitor the status of a path (e.g., a forward path) from PE1 to PE 2; PE2 may periodically send OAM messages to PE1, through which the path (e.g., the reverse path) from PE2 to PE1 is monitored. When PE2 does not receive the OAM message sent by PE1 within a preset time, it may indicate that the forward path fails, and PE2 may generate indication 1 according to the failure, where indication 1 is used to indicate that MTN path 1 fails. When PE1 does not receive the OAM message sent by PE2 within a preset time, it indicates that the reverse path fails, PE1 may notify PE2 that the reverse path fails through the OAM message, PE2 generates indication 1 according to the OAM message, where indication 1 is used to indicate that MTN path 1 fails. In this embodiment, when the forward path of the MTN path 1 fails or the reverse path fails, the MTN path 1 failure is determined as an example. Meanwhile, when the forward path fails, since PE1 cannot transmit data stream to PE2 through the forward path, MTN path 2 needs to be started; when the reverse path fails, PE3 needs to be advertised to initiate MTN path 2 and MTN path 3 to transmit data streams to PE1 via MTN path 2 and MTN path 3, since PE2 cannot transmit data streams to PE1 using the reverse path.

For the MTN, the OAM message of the path layer may be carried by an overhead code block of the path layer. In the encapsulation format of the overhead code block of the ITU-T definition path layer, as shown in fig. 2b, the overhead code block of the first path layer is determined by 8-bit type field value of 0x4B and O code (bits 32-35) of 0x0C, and the 3 bytes after the 8-bit type field can carry OAM messages. While for SPN networks, 6 bytes after the 8bit type field may be used to carry OAM messages.

In one implementation, when MTN path 3 is established between PE2 and PE3, MTN path 3 is normally in an inactive state when MTN path 1 is not failing, i.e., PE2 does not utilize MTN path 3 to transmit data streams. When MTN path 1 fails, PE2 can no longer transmit data streams using MTN path 1, and MTN path 3 is transitioned from the inactive state to the active state, so that PE2 can transmit data streams using MTN path 3.

S402: PE2 sends an indication of 1.

When MTN path 1 fails, PE1 needs to switch from MTN path 1 to MTN path 2 to transmit the data stream sent by CE1 through MTN path 2 or receive the data stream sent by CE2 through MTN path 2. Similarly, when MTN path 1 fails, PE3 also needs to initiate MTN path 2, i.e., make MTN path 2 active, to forward the data stream transmitted by CE1 to CE2 via MTN path 2, and forward the data stream transmitted by CE2 to CE1 via MTN path 2. In this case, PE2 may send an indication of 1 to PE3 and/or an indication of 1 to PE 1.

As an example, when PE2 sends indication 1 only to PE3, for example, when both the forward/reverse paths between PE1 and PE2 fail, see the specific implementation of S403-S407.

For the example where PE2 sends indication 1 to PE3, in one case, indication 1 may be carried in a Dual Homecoordinated (DHC) message. The DHC message can be referred to RFC8185 for its relevant description. In the present application, when DHC is used for MTN or SPN, the DHC message may be encapsulated in an overhead code block of a path layer, and the structure of the overhead code block of the path layer is shown in fig. 2 b. In particular, the DHC message may be encapsulated in one or more overhead code blocks. For example, when 3 bytes in one overhead code block can be used to carry information, the DHC message can be carried by two overhead code blocks; when 6-byte points in one overhead code block are available to carry information, then the DHC message may be carried over one overhead code block.

For ease of understanding, when a DHC message is carried over two overhead code blocks, see fig. 5a, code block 1 and code block 2 are included. Each code block includes a start of message (SOM) and an end of message (EOM) indicating the DHC message. Specifically, when SOM ═ 1 and EOM ═ 0, the starting code block carrying the DHC message is identified, such as code block 1; when SOM ═ 0 and EOM ═ 1 identify the end code block carrying the DHC message, e.g., code block 2. T is used to indicate the type of the carried message, e.g., T ═ DHC corresponds to a type value. Wherein, a part of content of the DHC message is carried in the message-specific of the code block 1, and another part of content of the DHC message is carried in the message-specific of the code block 2. The content of the DHC message may include, among other things, a status indication of MTN path 1 (e.g., 0-normal; 1-failure), an MTN path switch indication (e.g., 0-no switch, transmitted on MTN path 1; 1-switch, transmitted on MTN path 2), etc.

When a DHC message is carried over one overhead code block, see fig. 5b, code block 3 is included. T in code block 3 is used to indicate the type of message carried, e.g. T ═ DHC corresponds to a type value. Value 1-Value 4 in code block 3 are used to carry the content of the DHC message. Likewise, the contents of the DHC message may include a status indication of MTN Path 1 (e.g., 0-Normal; 1-Fault), a MTN Path 1 switching indication (e.g., 0-not-switch, transmit on MTN Path 1; 1-switch, transmit on MTN Path 2), and so on.

In another case, although MTN path 3 is in an inactive state, OAM messages may be periodically sent between PE2 and PE3 to monitor the state of MTN path 3 between PE2 and PE3, in which case, indication 1 may carry an OAM message sent by PE2 to PE3, and PE3 determines that MTN path 1 fails by parsing the OAM message.

The two situations are merely exemplary descriptions that the indication 1 is carried in different messages in the embodiment of the present application, and include, but are not limited to, the two possible implementations described above, and any other message that can carry the indication 1 may be taken as an implementation in the embodiment of the present application.

As another example, while PE2 sends an indication of 1 to PE3, an indication of 1 is sent to PE 1. For example, the reverse path from PE2 to PE1 is normal, see the specific implementations of S403 and S408-S409. It is appreciated that when a failure of the forward path from PE1 to PE2 is detected by PE2, PE2 may continue to send OAM messages to PE1 since the reverse path from PE2 to PE1 is normal. In this case, PE2 may carry an indication through the OAM message, 1 causing PE1 to determine that MTN path 1 failed by parsing the OAM message.

S403: PE3 determines that MTN path 1 failed according to indication 1 sent by PE 2.

S404: PE3 configures MTN path 2 to the active state.

In this embodiment, after receiving indication 1 sent by PE2, PE3 determines that MTN path 1 fails by analyzing indication 1, and configures MTN path 2 to be in an active state, so that PE3 may receive or send a data stream through MTN path 2.

In one implementation, when MTN path 3 is established between PE3 and PE2, MTN path 3 may be in an inactive state when MTN path 1 is not failing, i.e., PE3 does not utilize MTN path 3 to transmit data streams. When MTN path 1 fails, PE3 may configure MTN path 3 to an active state, thereby allowing PE3 to transmit data streams using MTN path 3.

S405: PE3 generates an indication 2 from indication 1.

When PE3 determines that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 1, in order to make PE1 no longer transmit data streams using MTN path 1, indication 2 may be generated, where indication 2 is used to indicate that PE1 switches from MTN path 1 to MTN path 2, that is, MTN path 2 is configured in an active state.

In one possible implementation, the indication 2 may be carried in an Automatic Protection Switching (APS) message. The APS message may be encapsulated in an overhead code block of the path layer, which is a 64B/66B code block, and the specific structure is shown in fig. 2B. The APS message may be encapsulated in one overhead code block, for example, 6 bytes in one overhead code block are used to carry information, or may be encapsulated in two overhead code blocks, for example, 3 bytes in one overhead code block are used to carry information.

In another possible implementation, indication 2 may be carried in an OAM message sent by PE3 to PE1, and PE1 obtains indication 2 by parsing the OAM message, and further configures MTN path 2 to be in an active state according to indication 2.

S406: PE3 sends an indication of 2 to PE 1.

S407: PE1 configures MTN path 2 to the active state according to indication 2.

PE1, upon receiving indication 2 sent by PE3, determines that MTN path 1 failed by parsing indication 2, and then transitions MTN path 2 from the inactive state to the active state, so that PE1 transmits the data stream through MTN path 2.

S408: PE1 receives indication 1 sent by PE 2.

S409: PE1 determines from indication 1 that MTN path 1 failed and configures MTN path 2 to the active state.

When the reverse path from PE2 to PE1 is working normally, PE2 may directly send indication 1 to PE1, so that PE1 determines that MTN path 1 fails through indication 1, and further transitions MTN path 2 from the inactive state to the active state to transmit data stream using MTN path 2. Wherein, indication 1 may be carried in an OAM message sent by PE2 to PE 1.

Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present application provides a flowchart of another method for multi-homing communication in a network, where the method 600 may include:

s601: PE1 obtains indication 3, configuring MTN path 2 to the active state.

As can be seen from the foregoing, the MTN path 1 status between PE2 and PE1 may be continuously monitored through path layer OAM messages. Specifically, PE1 may periodically send OAM messages to PE2 to monitor the status of the PE1 to PE2 path (forward path); PE2 may periodically send OAM messages to PE1, through which PE2 to PE1 path (reverse path) is monitored. When PE1 does not receive any OAM message sent by PE2 within a preset time (e.g., 3.5 consecutive connection detection periods), indicating that the reverse path has failed, PE2 may generate indication 3 according to the failure, where indication 3 is used to indicate that MTN path 1 has failed. When PE2 does not receive the OAM message sent by PE1 within a preset time, it indicates that the forward path fails, PE2 may notify PE1 that the forward path fails through the OAM message, PE1 generates indication 3 according to the OAM message, where indication 3 is used to indicate that MTN path 1 fails. In this embodiment, when the forward path or the reverse path of the MTN path 1 fails, the MTN path 1 failure is determined as an example.

It should be noted that when MTN path 1 does not fail, MTN path 2 may be in an inactive state. When PE1 determines that MTN path 1 fails, PE1 cannot transmit data streams using MTN path 1, and then transitions MTN path 2 from the inactive state to the active state.

S602: PE1 sends an indication of 3.

As in the application scenario shown in fig. 3a or fig. 3b, when MTN path 1 fails, PE3 also needs to start MTN path 2, that is, configure MTN2 path to be active, so as to forward the data stream transmitted by CE1 or CE2 through MTN path 2. In this case, PE1 may send an indication of 3 to PE 3. The indication 3 may be carried in an APS message, and see S402 for a specific format and implementation of the APS message. Alternatively, PE1 sends only to PE2, with PE2 sending an indication to PE 3. For example, when the forward path from PE1 to PE2 is working normally and MTN path 3 is established between PE2 and PE3, when MTN path 1 fails (reverse path failure) and also forwards a data flow using PE2, PE2 needs to start MTN path 3 to forward the data flow sent by CE1 or CE2 through MTN path 3. In this case, PE1 may send an indication of 3 to PE 2. This indication 3 may be carried in an OAM message that PE3 determines that MTN path 1 failed by parsing, thereby configuring MTN path 3 to be active.

Regarding implementations in which PE1 only sends indication 3 to PE2, see S603-S606; see S607-S608 for an implementation where PE1 simultaneously sends indication 3 to PE 3.

S603: PE2 receives indication 3 sent by PE1, and determines that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 3.

In this embodiment, when the forward path from PE1 to PE2 is working normally, PE2 may send instruction 3 to PE1, and after receiving instruction 3 sent by PE1, PE2 may determine that MTN path 1 fails by analyzing instruction 3. When MTN path 3 exists between PE2 and PE3 and it is desired to transmit data streams using MTN path 3, PE2 may transition MTN path 3 from an inactive state to an active state.

S604: PE2 generates an indication 4 from indication 3.

When PE2 determines that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 3, to enable PE3 to start MTN path 2 in time, indication 4 is generated, where indication 4 is used to indicate PE3 to configure MTN path 2 in an active state. Wherein the fourth indication may be carried in a dual homing coordination DHC message. See S402 for a related description and implementation of the DHC message. Alternatively, indication 4 carries an OAM message sent at PE2 to PE3, and PE3 determines that MTN path 1 failed by parsing the OAM message.

S605: PE2 sends an indication of 4 to PE 3.

S606: PE3 configures MTN path 2 to the active state according to indication 4.

As shown in fig. 3a or fig. 3b, in one scenario, when MTN path 3 is required to transmit data stream, PE3 changes its corresponding MTN path 3 state from inactive state to active state.

In another case, when a data stream is transmitted through path 2 between PE3 and CE2, PE3 transitions its own corresponding state of path 2 from an inactive state to an active state.

S607: PE3 receives indication 3 sent by PE 1.

S608: PE1 determines from indication 3 that MTN path 1 failed and configures MTN path 2 to the active state.

When PE1 determines that MTN path 1 fails, PE1 may send indication 3 directly to PE3, so that PE3 determines that MTN path 2 fails through indication 3, and further transitions the state of MTN path 1 from the inactive state to the active state. Wherein, the indication 3 may be carried in an APS message, or the indication 3 may be carried in an OAM message.

The above embodiment illustrates operations performed between the respective devices when the MTN path 1 is unavailable. The failure of the PE2 node will be described with reference to the drawings.

Referring to fig. 7, which is a flowchart of a method for multi-homing communication in a network according to an embodiment of the present application, the method 700 may include:

s701: PE1 determines that PE2 failed, generates indication 5, and configures MTN path 2 to the active state.

In this embodiment, PE1 may determine that a failure occurs in PE2 node in the following two ways, one way is that PE1 directly detects that PE2 fails through OAM messages between MTN path 1. Alternatively, when PE2 fails, neither PE1 nor PE3 receives OAM messages generated by PE2 within a preset time. In this case, PE1 may determine that MTN path 1 failed (reverse path failure) while PE3 determines that MTN path 3 failed, PE3 sending an indication to PE 1. PE1 may determine that MTN path 3 fails by indicating, while PE1 may determine that PE2 node fails according to its inability to receive OAM messages sent by PE 2. Of course, to ensure the accuracy of PE1 in determining the failure of PE2, PE1 may be further validated in other ways.

When PE1 determines that PE2 failed, an indication 5 may be generated indicating that PE3 was initiated MTN path 2 and path 2. Wherein the indication may be carried in an APS message or in an OAM message.

Specifically, when PE3 determines that PE2 has failed, to ensure that the data stream does not interrupt transmission, PE3 transitions path 2 from the inactive state to the active state, such that PE3 transmits the data stream sent by CE2 or CE1 over link 2.

S702: PE1 sends an indication of 5 to PE 3.

S703: PE3 configures MTN path 2 and link 2 to the active state according to indication 5.

In conjunction with the application scenario shown in fig. 3a or fig. 3b, when PE2 node fails, PE1 cannot transmit data stream to CE1 through MTN path 1 and link 1, and MTN path 2 and link 2 need to be configured in an active state to transmit data stream through MTN path 2 and link 2 in order to ensure normal transmission of data stream.

Referring to fig. 8, which is a flowchart of a method for multi-homing communication in a network according to an embodiment of the present application, the method 800 may include:

s801: PE3 determines that PE2 failed, generates indication 6, and configures MTN path 2 and link 2 to the active state.

In this embodiment, PE3 may determine that a failure occurs in PE2 node in the following two ways, one way is that PE3 directly detects that PE2 fails through OAM messages between MTN paths 3. Alternatively, when PE2 fails, neither PE1 nor PE3 receives the OAM message sent by PE2 within a preset time. In this case, PE1 may determine that MTN path 1 failed (reverse path failure), and PE1 sends an indication to PE 3. PE3 may determine that MTN path 1 fails by indicating, and PE3 may determine that PE2 node fails according to the fact that PE3 cannot receive the OAM message sent by PE 2. Of course, to ensure the accuracy of PE3 in determining the failure of PE2, PE3 may be further validated in other ways.

When PE3 determines that PE2 failed, an indication 6 may be generated, which indication 6 is used to indicate that PE1 switched from MTN path 1 to MTN path 2. Wherein the indication may be carried in an APS message or in an OAM message.

Specifically, when PE3 determines that PE2 has failed, to ensure that the data stream does not interrupt transmission, PE3 transitions MTN path 2 and link 2 from an inactive state to an active state, so that PE3 transmits the data stream sent by CE2 or CE1 via MTN path 2 and link 2.

S802: PE3 sends indication 6 to PE 1.

S803: PE1 configures MTN path 2 to the active state according to indication 6.

In this embodiment, when PE1 receives indication 6, it may be determined that MTN path 1 is not available according to indication 6, and MTN path 2 is configured to be in an active state.

The above embodiments illustrate operations performed by other network devices in the event of a failure of PE2 node. Link 1 failure will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Referring to fig. 9, which is a flowchart of a method for multi-homing communication in a network according to an embodiment of the present application, the method 900 may include:

s901: PE2 determines that link 1 failed, generates indication 7, and configures MTN path 3 to the active state.

As shown in the application scenario of fig. 3, link 1 status may be continuously monitored between PE2 and CE2 via link layer OAM messages. Specifically, PE2 may periodically send OAM messages to CE2 to monitor the status of the link (forward link) from PE2 to CE 2. CE2 may periodically send OAM messages to PE2, through which the link (reverse link) from CE2 to PE2 is monitored. When PE2 does not receive the OAM message sent by CE2 within a preset time, indicating that the forward link fails, PE2 may generate an indication 7 according to the failure, where the indication 7 is used to indicate that link 1 fails. When CE2 does not receive the OAM message sent by PE2 within a preset time, it indicates that the reverse link fails, and CE2 may notify, through the OAM message, that the reverse link of PE2 fails, and PE2 generates indication 7 according to the OAM message, where indication 7 is used to indicate that link 1 fails. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the forward link or the reverse link of link 1 fails, the failure of link 1 is determined as an example.

In one implementation, when PE2 determines that link 1 failed but MTN path 1 did not fail, to allow PE2 to transmit data streams normally, PE2 may configure MTN path 3 to the active state to allow PE2 to transmit data streams over MTN path 3.

S902: PE2 sends an indication of 7 to PE 3.

Wherein the indication 7 may be carried in a DHC message.

S903: PE3 determines from indication 7 that link 1 failed and places MTN path 3 and link 2 in the configured state.

To ensure that CE2 can transmit a data stream when link 1 fails, link 2 needs to be initiated, i.e., link 2 is configured to be active. Further, to enable PE3 to transmit data streams to CE1 and forward through PE2 nodes, PE3 may also initiate MTN path 3, i.e., configure MTN path 3 as active as well.

The foregoing embodiment is illustrated by taking fig. 3a as an example, for the structure diagram of the communication system shown in fig. 3b, the description in the foregoing embodiment may be referred to for the solution of the path failure or the node failure, for example, when the path between PE4 and PE2 in fig. 3b fails, the specific implementation of the method 400 may be referred to.

It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, each node may update a corresponding forwarding table by maintaining a path state table, so as to determine a forwarding path through the forwarding table. Taking PE2 and PE3 as examples, see the PE2 path state table shown in table 1 and the PE3 path state table shown in table 2.

Table 1 Path State representation for PE2

MTN Path 1	Link 1	MTN Path 3	Forwarding behavior
				Active	Active	Active	MTN Path	1<—>Link 1
Down	Active	Active	MTN Path						3<—>Link 1
				Active	Down	Active	MTN Path	1<—>MTN Path 3
Down	Down	Active	Discard the
				Down	Active	Down	Discard the

TABLE 2 Path State Table for PE3

MTN Path 2	Link 2	MTN Path 3	Forwarding behavior
				Inactive	Inactive	Active	Discard the
Active	Inactive	Active	MTN Path					3<—>MTN Path 2
				Inactive	Active	Active	Link		2<—>MTN Path 3
Active	Active	Active	MTN Path					2<—>Link 2
				Active	Active	Down	MTN Path		2<—>Link 2

As can be seen from the above two tables, when MTN path 1, PE2 node, and link 1 all work normally, MTN path 1 and link 1 corresponding to PE2 are configured in an active state, and MTN path 3 may be configured in an inactive state or an active state, and normally, MTN path 3 is configured in an active state, as shown in the first row in table 1. The forwarding path in the forwarding table corresponding to PE2 is MTN path 1< - > link 1, i.e., bidirectional forwarding is realized through MTN path 1 and link 1. In this case, MTN path 2 and link 2 corresponding to PE3 are in an inactive state and MTN path 3 is configured in an active state, as shown in the first row of table 2. When MTN path 1 fails and link 1 is still active, PE2 node may place MTN path 3 in the active state, as shown in the second row of table 1. The forwarding path in the forwarding table corresponding to PE2 is MTN path 3< - > link 1. In this case, MTN path 2 and MTN path 3 corresponding to PE3 are active, and link 2 is still inactive, as shown in the second row of table 2. The forwarding path in the forwarding table corresponding to PE3 is MTN path 3< > MTN path 2, i.e., bidirectional forwarding is implemented through MTN path 3 and MTN path 2. When link 1 fails, MTN path 1 may still be active and MTN path 3 is active, as shown in the third row of table 1. The forwarding path in the forwarding table corresponding to PE2 is MTN path 1< > MTN path 3, i.e., bidirectional forwarding is implemented through MTN path 1 and MTN path 3. In this case, MTN path 2 corresponding to PE3 is still inactive and link 2 and MTN path 3 are active, as shown in the third row of table 2. The forwarding path in the forwarding table of PE3 is link 2< - > MTN path 3, i.e., bidirectional forwarding is implemented through link 2 and MTN path 3. MTN path 3 may be in an inactive state or an active state when both MTN path 1 and link 1 fail or PE2 node fails. When the forwarding device is in the inactive state, the corresponding forwarding behavior is null, and no operation is executed. When active, its corresponding forwarding behavior is discard, as shown in the fourth row of table 1. In this case, MTN path 2 and link 2 corresponding to PE3 are in an active state, and MTN path 3 may be in an active state or an inactive state. The forwarding path corresponding to the forwarding table of PE3 is MTN path 2< - > link 1, i.e., bidirectional forwarding is implemented through MTN path 2 and link 1, as shown in the fourth row of table 2. When both MTN path 1 and MTN path 3 fail, or the PE2 node fails, link 1 may be in an inactive state or an active state. When the forwarding device is in the inactive state, the corresponding forwarding behavior is null, and no operation is executed. When in the active state, its corresponding forwarding behavior is discard, as shown in the fifth row in table 1. In this case, MTN path 2 and link 2 corresponding to PE3 are active, and MTN path 3 fails. The forwarding path corresponding to the forwarding table of PE3 is MTN path 2< - > link 2, i.e., bidirectional forwarding is realized through MTN path 2 and link 2, as shown in the fifth row in table 2.

Specifically, when MTN path 1, MTN path 2, or MTN path 3 is a master/backup path, it can be divided into three states, i.e., active state, standby state, and down state. The standby state standby may be equal to the inactive state inactive. When MTN path 1, MTN path 2, or MTN path 3 is a dual homing path, it can be divided into two states, a use state up and a failure state down, respectively. Wherein the use state up may be equal to the active state active.

As can be seen from the above description, when each node switches paths for a path fault or a node fault through signaling of the control plane, the forwarding behavior corresponding to each node changes, and a new forwarding path is finally formed to avoid the fault, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Taking the application scenario shown in fig. 3a as an example, referring to fig. 10, which is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in a network provided in the embodiment of the present application, the following description will take the data flow direction from CE1 to CE2 as an example, and the method 1000 may include:

s1001: PE1 obtains a data stream corresponding to the first client, and determines a forwarding path according to the data stream.

S1002: when the forwarding path is MTN path 2, PE1 transmits the data stream to PE3 through MTN path 2.

In this embodiment, PE1 may receive a data flow corresponding to the first client sent by CE1, and determine a corresponding forwarding path according to the data flow, specifically, PE1 may search for the forwarding path from the forwarding table. When the forwarding path is MTN path 2, indicating that MTN path 1 is not available, PE1 sends the data flow to PE3 using MTN path 2.

Wherein, unavailability of MTN path 1 may include a case where MTN path 1 itself fails, and another case where PE2 node failure causes MTN path 1 to be unavailable, or MTN path 1 is configured as a protection path by a user. For the specific implementation of determining that MTN path 1 fails and switching from MTN path 1 to MTN path 2 by PE1 when MTN path 1 fails, refer to detailed description of method 400 or method 600, which refers to the same or similar parts, and this embodiment is not described herein again. For a failure of PE2 node, a specific implementation of PE1 determining that PE2 node fails and switching from MTN path 1 to MTN path 1 may refer to method 700 or method 800.

S1003: PE3 determines a forwarding path from the data flow.

S1004: when the forwarding path is MTN path 3, PE3 forwards the data flow to PE2 through MTN path 3.

In this embodiment, when MTN path 1 fails, PE3 may initiate MTN path 3, i.e., configure MTN path 3 to the active state. See method 400 or method 600 for a specific implementation where PE3 determines that MTN path 1 failed and configures MTN path 3 to the active state.

S1005: PE2 forwards the data stream to CE2 over link 1.

S1006: when the forwarding path is link 2, PE3 forwards the data flow to CE2 over link 2.

In this embodiment, when MTN path 1 fails, PE3 may also start link 2 instead of MTN path 3, that is, configure link 2 to be active. Alternatively, when PE2 fails either node or link 1, PE3 configures link 2 to the active state. Wherein, the PE3 determining that the PE2 node failed can be seen in method 700 or method 800; see method 900 for PE3 determining a link 1 failure.

S1007: when the forwarding path is MTN path 1, PE1 transmits the data stream to PE2 through MTN path 1.

In this embodiment, PE1 may receive a data flow corresponding to the first client sent by CE1, and determine a corresponding forwarding path according to the data flow, specifically, PE1 searches for the forwarding path from the forwarding table. When the forwarding path is the second MTN path, it indicates that the second MTN path is available, i.e. in an active state. PE1 sends the data stream to PE2 using MTN path 1.

S1008: PE2 determines a forwarding path from the data flow.

S1009: when the forwarding path is MTN path 3, PE2 transmits the data stream to PE3 through MTN path 3.

In this embodiment, when the forwarding path determined by PE2 is MTN path 3, indicating that link 1 fails, PE2 configures MTN path 3 to be in an active state, so as to transmit a data stream using MTN path 3. For specific implementation of PE2 determining a link 1 failure and PE2 configuring MTN path 3 to be active, see the related description of method 900.

S1010: PE3 transmits the data stream to CE2 over link 2.

S1011: when the forwarding path is link 1, PE2 transmits the data stream to CE2 over link 1.

For the application scenario shown in fig. 3a or fig. 3b, it may not only solve the problem of data stream transmission interruption caused by path failure or node failure, but also implement load sharing of data stream. For the sake of understanding, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 11, which is a flowchart of a method for multi-homing communication in a network according to an embodiment of the present application, the method 1100 may include:

s1101: PE1 receives the data stream transmitted by CE 1.

The application scenario shown in fig. 3 is described by taking the example where CE1 transmits a data stream to CE 2. In this application scenario, the CE1 may provide services for multiple clients, for example, the CE1 corresponds to the client1 and the client2, and both the client1 and the client2 may send data streams to the CE2 together with the CE 1.

S1102: PE1 determines the customer identification corresponding to the data stream.

In this embodiment, when a client sends a data stream to CE1, the data stream may include a client identifier to indicate, via the client identifier, the client sending the data stream. In a specific implementation, forwarding paths corresponding to different customer data streams may be preconfigured in PE1, and when PE1 receives a data stream from CE1, a customer identifier is determined by analyzing the data stream, and further a forwarding path may be determined according to the customer identifier and a correspondence between the customer identifier and the forwarding path, so as to forward the data stream by using the forwarding path corresponding to the customer identifier.

S1103: when the client is identified as the first client, PE1 transmits the data stream using MTN Path 1.

In this embodiment, when the client is identified as the first client, PE1 may utilize MTN path 1 to transmit the data stream. That is, PE1 transmits the data stream to PE2 via MTN Path 1. It should be noted that, when the data stream received by PE1 is an ethernet frame, PE1 divides the data stream into one or more code blocks of 64B/66B size before PE1 sends the data stream to PE2, and forwards the code blocks to PE2 through MTN path 1.

S1104: when the client identifies as a second client, PE1 transmits the data stream using MTN Path 2.

In this embodiment, when the client is identified as the second client, PE1 may utilize MTN path 2 to transmit the data stream. That is, PE1 transmits the data stream to PE3 via MTN path 2. It should be noted that, when the data stream received by PE1 is an ethernet frame, PE1 divides the data stream into one or more code blocks of 64B/66B size before PE1 sends the data stream to PE3, and forwards the code blocks to PE3 through MTN path 2.

It can be understood that load sharing may also be performed for PE2 and PE3 nodes, and PE4 in fig. 3b, and data streams for different clients are forwarded by using different forwarding paths, and specific implementation may refer to relevant descriptions of S1101-S1104.

Referring to fig. 12a, this figure is a structure diagram of an MTN multi-homing communication system according to an embodiment of the present application, where the MTN communication system includes a first communication device 101, a second communication device 102, and a third communication device 103, the third communication device 103 connects the first communication device 101 and the second communication device 102 through a first MTN path and a second MTN path, respectively, and the first communication device 101 and the second communication device are communicatively connected through a third MTN path. In one implementation, the MTN communication system shown in fig. 12a may further include a fourth communication device 104, where the fourth communication device 104 connects the first communication device 101 and the second communication device 102 through the first path and the second path, respectively, as shown in fig. 12 b.

The communication system shown in fig. 12a or 12b may be applied in the network scenario shown in fig. 3a or 3 b. The first communication device 101, the second communication device 102 and the third communication device 103 may for example correspond to PE1, PE2 and PE3 shown in fig. 3a or fig. 3b, respectively. The first MTN path may be, for example, MTN path 2, and the second MTN path may be, for example, MTN path 1. The fourth communication device 104 may be, for example, the CE2 shown in fig. 3a or the PE4 shown in fig. 3 b. The communication system described in fig. 12a or fig. 12b may be used to perform the method described in any of the preceding method embodiments.

Fig. 13 is a flowchart of a method 1300 for multi-homing communication in a network according to an embodiment of the present application, where the network includes a first communication device, a second communication device, and a third communication device, and the third communication device is connected to the first communication device and the second communication device through a first MTN path and a second MTN path, respectively. The method 1300 can be applied to the network architecture shown in fig. 3a, 3b, 12a or 12 b. The method 1300 may be specifically configured to perform one or more of the operations of the method 400, the method 600 or the method 700, the method 800, the method 1000, and the method 1100 described above, the method 1300 including:

s1301: and transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second MTN path.

When the method 1300 is specifically used to implement the method 1000, S1301 may be performed by the third communication apparatus or the second communication apparatus. The third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in method 1000. Alternatively, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 3 in method 1000. Alternatively, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the second MTN path is MTN path 2 in method 1000.

For the load sharing scenario, the method 1300 may further include:

s1302: and transmitting a data stream corresponding to the second client through the first MTN path.

For the MTN communication system shown in fig. 12a, not only load sharing can be achieved, but also the problem that data streams cannot be transmitted due to path failure or node failure can be solved. For the implementation of load sharing, when the method 1300 specifically implements the method 1100, S1301 and S1302 may be executed by the third communication device. The third communications device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communications device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in method 1100, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in method 1100. Alternatively, the third communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the first MTN path is MTN path 1 in the corresponding method 1100. Alternatively, the third communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the first MTN path is MTN path 3 in the corresponding method 1100.

Specifically, when the second MTN path is available, transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client through the second MTN path; and when the second MTN path is unavailable, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first MTN path.

When the method 1300 specifically implements the method 1000, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 1000, and the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in the method 1000. The third communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the first communication device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 3 in method 1000, and the first MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in method 1000. The third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 2 in method 1000, and the first MTN path may correspond to MTN path 3 in method 1000.

In one implementation, before transmitting a data stream corresponding to a first client using a first MTN path, the method further includes:

and determining that the second MTN path fails according to a first indication sent by the second communication device, wherein the first indication is used for indicating that the second MTN path fails.

When the method 1300 implements the method 400, the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 400, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400. Alternatively, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to indication 2 in method 400, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in method 400.

When the method 1300 is implemented in the method 600, the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 600, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 3 in the method 600; alternatively, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 4 in method 600.

When the method 1300 implements the method 700, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to the indication 5 in the method 700, and the second MTN path may correspond to the MTN path 1 in the method 700.

When the method 1300 implements the method 800, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE3 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to the indication 6 in the method 800, and the second MTN path may correspond to the MTN path 1 in the method 800.

When the method 1300 implements the method 900, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE2 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to the indication 7 in the method 900, and the second MTN path is the link 1.

In one implementation, before determining that the second MTN path fails, the method further comprises:

the first communication device receives a first indication from the second communication device.

When the method 1300 implements the method 400, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE2 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400. The first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, or the first communication device may be PE1 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1300 implements the method 600, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to the indication 3 in the method 600, and the second MTN path may correspond to the MTN path 1 in the method 600. The first communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, or the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1300 implements the method 700, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, the PE3 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to the indication 5 in the method 700.

When the method 1300 implements the method 800, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE3 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to the indication 6 in the method 800.

When the method 1300 implements the method 900 specifically, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900.

In one implementation, the first indication is carried in a dual homing coordination DHC message.

For the relevant description of the DHC message, reference may be made to the relevant description in the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described here.

In one implementation, after receiving the first indication, the method further comprises:

and the first communication device sends a second instruction to the third communication device, and the third communication device is instructed to switch the transmission path of the data stream corresponding to the first client from the second MTN path to the first MTN path.

When the method 1300 implements the method 400 specifically, the second indication may correspond to the indication 2 in the method 400, the first communication device may correspond to the PE3 in the method 400, the third communication device may correspond to the PE1 in the method 400, the second MTN path may correspond to the MTN path 1 in the method 400, and the first MTN path may correspond to the MTN path 2 in the method 400.

When the method 1300 embodies the method 600, the second indication may correspond to indication 4 in the method 600, the first communication device may correspond to PE2 in the method 600, and the third communication device may correspond to PE3 in the method 600.

In one implementation, the second indication is included in an automatic protection switching APS message.

For the related description of the APS message, refer to the related description of the foregoing method embodiment, and are not described herein again.

the third communication device receives the first indication from the second communication device.

When the method 1300 specifically implements the method 400, the first indication may correspond to the indication 1 in the method 400, the second communication device may correspond to the PE2 in the method 400, the third communication device may correspond to the PE1 in the method 400, or the third communication device may correspond to the PE3 in the method 400.

When the method 1300 implements the method 600, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to the indication 3 in the method 600, and the second MTN path may correspond to the MTN path 1 in the method 600. The third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, or the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1300 implements the method 700, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700.

When the method 1300 implements the method 800, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800.

When the method 1300 implements the method 900 specifically, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900.

In one implementation, the first indication is carried in an operation, maintenance, and management, OAM, message.

For the related description of the OAM message, refer to the related description of the foregoing method embodiment, and are not described herein again.

and the third communication device receives an indication message sent by the first communication device, wherein the indication message is used for indicating the third communication device to switch the second MTN path to the first MTN path.

When the method 1300 is implemented specifically as the method 400, the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in the method 400, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 400. Wherein the first communication device may correspond to PE2 in method 700, the third communication device may correspond to PE3 or PE1 in method 700, and the indication message may correspond to indication 1 in method 700. Alternatively, the first communication device may correspond to PE3 in method 700, the third communication device may correspond to PE1 in method 700, and the indication message may correspond to indication 2 in method 700.

When method 1300 is implemented as method 600, the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in method 400 and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in method 400. The first communication device may correspond to PE1 in method 600, the third communication device to PE2 or PE3 in method 600, and the indication message may correspond to indication 3 in method 600. Alternatively, the first communication device may correspond to PE2 in method 600, the third communication device may correspond to PE3 in method 600, and the indication message may correspond to indication 4 in method 600.

When the method 1300 is implemented specifically in the method 700, the first communication device may correspond to PE1 in the method 700, the third communication device may correspond to PE3 in the method 700, the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in the method 700, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 700. The indication message mentioned here may correspond to indication 5 in method 700.

When the method 1300 is implemented in the method 800, the indication message mentioned herein may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800, the third communication device mentioned herein may correspond to PE1 in the method 800, the first communication device mentioned herein may correspond to PE3 in the method 800, the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 800, and the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in the method 800.

When method 1300 is embodied to method 900, the first communications device may correspond to PE2 in method 900, the third communications device may correspond to PE3 in method 900, the indication message corresponds to indication 7 in method 900, the first MTN path corresponds to link 2 in method 900, and the second MTN path corresponds to link 1 in method 900.

and determining that the second MTN path fails according to a third instruction sent by the third communication device, wherein the third instruction is used for indicating that the second MTN path fails.

When the method 1300 implements the method 400, the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 400, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400. Alternatively, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 2 in method 400, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in method 400.

When the method 1300 is implemented in the method 600, the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 600, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 3 in the method 600; alternatively, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 4 in method 600.

When the method 1300 implements the method 700, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 700.

When the method 1300 implements the method 800, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 800.

When the method 1300 implements the method 900, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900, and the second MTN path is link 1.

In one implementation, the third indication is sent by the third communication device to the first communication device.

When the method 1300 implements the method 400, the third communication device may be, for example, the PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to the indication 1 in the method 400. The first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, or the first communication device may be PE1 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1300 implements the method 600, the third communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to the indication 3 in the method 600, and the second MTN path may correspond to the MTN path 1 in the method 600. The first communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, or the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1300 implements the method 700, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700.

When the method 1300 implements the method 800, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800.

When the method 1300 implements the method 900 specifically, the third communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900.

In one implementation, the third indication is included in an automatic protection switching APS message.

In one implementation, the third indication is sent by the third communication device to the second communication device.

When the method 1300 implements the method 400, the third communication device may be, for example, the PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to the indication 1 in the method 400. The second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, or the second communication device may be PE1 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1300 implements the method 600, the third communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to the indication 3 in the method 600, and the second MTN path may correspond to the MTN path 1 in the method 600. The second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, or the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1300 implements the method 700, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700.

When the method 1300 implements the method 800, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800.

When the method 1300 implements the method 900 specifically, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900.

In one implementation, the third indication is included in an operation, maintenance, administration, OAM, message.

the second communication device sends a first indication to the first communication device or the third communication device, wherein the first indication is used for indicating that the second MTN path is failed.

When the method 1300 implements the method 400, the first indication mentioned herein may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400, the second communication device corresponds to PE2 in the method 400, the first communication device corresponds to PE3 in the method 400, and the third communication device corresponds to PE1 in the method 400.

When the method 1300 implements the method 600, the first indication mentioned herein may correspond to indication 3 in the method 400, the second communication device may correspond to PE1 in the method 400, the first communication device may correspond to PE3 in the method 400, and the third communication device may correspond to PE1 in the method 400.

In one implementation, the first indication is written to a double homed coordinated DHC message or an operation, maintenance, management, OAM, message.

The DHC message and OAM message mentioned here refer to the description related to the foregoing method embodiment, and are not described here again.

In one implementation, the MTN communication system may further include a fourth communication device 104, where the fourth communication device 104 connects the first communication device 101 and the second communication device 102 through the first path and the second path, respectively, as shown in fig. 12 b.

An example, the fourth communication device mentioned here may correspond to CE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the first path mentioned here may correspond to link 2 in fig. 3a, and the second path mentioned here may correspond to link 1 in fig. 3 a.

For another example, the fourth communication device mentioned herein may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the first path may correspond to MTN path 2 in fig. 3a, and the second path may correspond to MTN path 1 in fig. 3 a.

In one implementation, the first communication device and the second communication device are communicatively connected via a third MTN path, and the method further includes:

and when the second path is available and the second MTN path is unavailable, transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client through the first MTN path, the third MTN path and the second path.

When the method 1300 specifically implements the method 1000, the fourth communication device is, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third communication device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, where the first MTN path mentioned here may correspond to MTN path 2 in the method 1000, and the third MTN path mentioned here may correspond to MTN path 3 in the method 1000, and the second path mentioned here may correspond to link 1 in the method 1000. Alternatively, the fourth communications device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communications device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communications device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third communications device may be, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the second path may correspond to MTN path 1 in method 1000, the first MTN path corresponds to link 2 in method 1000, and the third MTN path may correspond to MTN path 3 in method 1000.

In one possible implementation, the first communication device and the second communication device are communicatively connected through a third MTN path, and the method further includes:

and when the second MTN path is available and the second path is unavailable, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second MTN path, the third MTN path and the first path.

When the method 1300 implements the method 1000 specifically, the fourth communication device is, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third communication device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the second MTN path mentioned here may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 1000, and the second path mentioned here may correspond to link 1 in the method 1000, and the third MTN path mentioned here may correspond to MTN path 3 in the method 1000, and the first path mentioned here may correspond to link 2 in the method 1000. Alternatively, the fourth communications device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communications device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communications device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third communications device may be, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the first path may correspond to MTN path 2 in method 1000, the second MTN path corresponds to link 1 in method 1000, and the third MTN path may correspond to MTN path 3 in method 1000.

In one implementation, the method further comprises:

and when the second path and the second MTN path are not available, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first MTN path and the first path.

When the method 1300 implements the method 1000 specifically, the fourth communication device is, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third communication device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the second path mentioned here may correspond to the link 1 in the method 1000, and the second MTN path mentioned here may correspond to the MTN path 1 in the method 1000, and the first MTN path mentioned here may correspond to the MTN path 2 in the method 1000, and the first path mentioned here may correspond to the link 2 in the method 1000. Alternatively, the fourth communications device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communications device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communications device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third communications device may be, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the first path may correspond to MTN path 2 in method 1000, the first MTN path corresponds to link 2 in method 1000, and the third MTN path may correspond to MTN path 3 in method 1000.

Fig. 14 is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in a network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the multi-homing communication method 1400 shown in fig. 14 may be applied to the MTN communication system shown in fig. 3a, fig. 3b, or fig. 12b, and the method may include:

s1401: and when the second path is available, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second path.

For scenarios in which the second path is not available, the method 1400 may further include:

s1402: and when the second path is unavailable, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first path and the first MTN path.

When the method 1400 specifically implements the method 1000, the third communication device is the CE2 in the method 1000, the second communication device is the PE2 in the method 1000, the first communication device is the PE3 in the method 1000, the second path is the link 1 in the method 1000, the first path is the link 2 in the method 1000, and the first MTN path is the MTN path 3 in the method 1000. Alternatively, if the third communication device is PE1 in method 1000, the second communication device is PE2 in method 1000, and the first communication device is PE3 in method 1000, the first path is MTN path 2 in method 1000, the second path is MTN path 1 in method 1000, and the first MTN path is MTN path 3 in method 1000.

In one implementation, when the second path is available, transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client through the second path includes:

and transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first MTN path and the second path.

When the method 1400 is implemented specifically in the method 1000, the third communications device is the CE2 in the method 1000, the second communications device is the PE2 in the method 1000, and the first communications device is the PE3 in the method 1000, where the first MTN path mentioned here corresponds to the MTN path 3 in the method 1000, and the second path mentioned here corresponds to the link 1 in the method 1000. Alternatively, the third communications device is PE1 in method 1000, the second communications device is PE2 in method 1000, the first communications device is PE3 in method 1000, the second path is MTN path 1 in method 1000, and the first MTN path is MTN path 3 in method 1000.

In one implementation, when the second path is not available, the method further comprises:

and the first communication device determines that the second path has a fault according to an indication message sent by the second communication device, wherein the indication message is used for indicating that the second path has the fault.

When the method 1400 is embodied as the method 400, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE2 in fig. 3a, and the indication message may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400. The first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, or the first communication device may be PE1 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1400 implements the method 600, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, the indication message may correspond to the indication 3 in the method 600, and the second path may correspond to the MTN path 1 in the method 600. The first communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, or the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1400 implements the method 700, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, the PE3 in fig. 3a, and the indication message may correspond to the indication 5 in the method 700.

When the method 1400 implements the method 800, the second communication device may be, for example, the PE3 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, the PE1 in fig. 3a, and the indication message may correspond to the indication 6 in the method 800.

Method 1400 embodies method 900 in that a first communication device, as referenced herein, corresponds to PE3 in method 900, a second communication device, as referenced herein, corresponds to PE2 in method 900, and an indication message, as referenced herein, corresponds to indication 7 in method 900.

In one implementation, the indication message is carried in a dual homing coordination DHC message.

For the relevant description of the DHC message, refer to the description related to the foregoing method embodiment, and are not described herein again.

In one implementation, the MTN communication system further includes a fourth communication device, and the fourth communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through the second MTN path and the third MTN path, respectively.

Method 1400 in implementing method 1000, the fourth communication device mentioned herein may correspond to PE1 in method 1000, the first communication device corresponds to PE3 in method 1000, and the second communication device corresponds to PE2 in method 1000, and the second MTN path mentioned herein corresponds to MTN path 2 in method 1000, and the third MTN path mentioned herein corresponds to MTN path 1 in method 1000. Alternatively, the fourth communications device is, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the first communications device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communications device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third communications device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, where the second MTN path mentioned here may correspond to link 2 in method 1000, and the third MTN path mentioned here may correspond to link 1 in method 1000.

In one implementation, when the second path is unavailable, transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client through the first path and the first MTN path includes:

and when the third MTN path is available and the second path is unavailable, transmitting a data stream corresponding to the first client through the third MTN path, the first MTN path and the first path.

When the method 1400 implements the method 1000 specifically, the fourth communication device mentioned herein may correspond to PE1 in the method 1000, the first communication device corresponds to PE3 in the method 1000, the second communication device corresponds to PE2 in the method 1000, the third MTN path mentioned herein corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 1000, the first MTN path mentioned herein corresponds to MTN path 3 in the method 1000, and the first path mentioned herein corresponds to link 2 in the method 1000. Alternatively, the fourth communication device is, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third communication device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, where the first MTN path mentioned here corresponds to MTN path 3 in method 1000, the first path mentioned here corresponds to MTN path 2 in method 1000, and the third MTN path mentioned here may correspond to link 1 in method 1000.

and when the third MTN path is unavailable and the second path is available, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second MTN path, the first MTN path and the second path.

Method 1400 is implemented in a manner that, when method 1000 is implemented, the fourth communication device corresponds to PE1 in method 1000, the second communication device corresponds to PE2 in method 1000, the first communication device corresponds to PE1 in method 1000, the third MTN path mentioned here corresponds to MTN path 1 in method 1000, the first MTN path mentioned here corresponds to MTN path 3 in method 1000, the second MTN path mentioned here corresponds to MTN path 2 in method 1000, and the second path mentioned here corresponds to link 1 in method 1000. Alternatively, when the fourth communication device is CE2 in the method 1000, the first communication device is PE3 in the method 1000, and the second communication device is PE2 in the method 1000, the second MTN path corresponds to link 2 in the method 1000, the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 3 in the method 1000, and the second path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 1000.

Referring to fig. 15, which is a flowchart of a multi-homing communication method in a network according to an embodiment of the present application, the method 1500 may be applied to the MTN communication system shown in fig. 12a or fig. 12b, and the method includes:

s1510: configuring a state of the first MTN path to an active state when the second MTN path is unavailable.

In one implementation, before setting the state of the first MTN path to the active state, the method further comprises:

s1501: and determining that the second MTN fails according to a first indication sent by the second communication device, wherein the first indication is used for indicating that the second MTN path fails.

When the method 1500 is implemented to the method 400, the first indication mentioned herein may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400, the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 400, and the second communication device may correspond to PE2 in the method 400. Alternatively, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to indication 2 in method 400, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in method 400.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 600, the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 600, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 3 in the method 600; alternatively, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 4 in method 600.

When the method 1500 is implemented to the method 700, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 700.

When the method 1500 is embodied to implement the method 800, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 800.

When the method 1500 is embodied to implement the method 900, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900, and the second MTN path is link 1.

When the method 1500 is embodied as the method 400, the second communication device may correspond to PE2 in the method 400, and the first communication device mentioned herein may correspond to PE3 in the method 400; alternatively, the first communication device may be PE1 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1500 is embodied to implement the method 600, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to indication 3 in the method 600, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 600. The first communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, or the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 700, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 800, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 900, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900.

the first communications device transmits a second indication to the third communications device instructing the third communications device to configure the first MTN path to the active state.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 400, the second indication mentioned herein may correspond to indication 2 in the method 400, the first communication device corresponds to PE3 in the method 400, and the third communication device corresponds to PE1 in the method 400.

When the method 1500 embodies the method 600, the second indication can correspond to indication 4 in the method 600, the first communication device can correspond to PE2 in the method 600, and the third communication device can correspond to PE3 in the method 600.

When the method 1500 specifically implements the method 400, the APS message mentioned herein may correspond to the APS message in the method 400, and for the related description of the APS message, reference is made to the related description of the foregoing method embodiment, which is not described herein again.

In one implementation, before determining that the second MTN path method fails, the method further includes:

When the method 1500 specifically implements the method 400, the first indication may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400, the second communication device may correspond to PE2 in the method 400, the third communication device may correspond to PE1 in the method 400, or the third communication device may correspond to PE3 in the method 400.

When the method 1500 is embodied to implement the method 600, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first indication may correspond to indication 3 in the method 600, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 600. The third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, or the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 700, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 800, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 900, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the first indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900.

When the method 1500 is implemented in the method 400, the OAM message mentioned herein may correspond to the OAM message in the method 400. For the related description of the OAM message, refer to the related description of the foregoing method embodiment, and are not described herein again.

In one implementation, prior to configuring the first MTN path to the active state, the method further comprises:

the third communication device receives an indication message sent by the first communication device, where the indication message is used to instruct the third communication device to configure the first MTN path as an active state.

When the method 1500 is implemented specifically as the method 400, the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in the method 400, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 400. Wherein the first communication device may correspond to PE2 in method 700, the third communication device may correspond to PE3 or PE1 in method 700, and the indication message may correspond to indication 1 in method 700. Alternatively, the first communication device may correspond to PE3 in method 700, the third communication device may correspond to PE1 in method 700, and the indication message may correspond to indication 2 in method 700.

When the method 1500 can be implemented as the method 600, the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in the method 400, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 400. The first communication device may be PE1 in method 600, the third communication device corresponds to PE2 or PE3 in method 600, and the indication message may correspond to indication 3 in method 600. Alternatively, the first communication device may correspond to PE2 in method 600, the third communication device may correspond to PE3 in method 600, and the indication message may correspond to indication 4 in method 600.

When the method 1500 is embodied to implement the method 700, the first communication device may correspond to PE1 in the method 700, the third communication device may correspond to PE3 in the method 700, the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in the method 700, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 700. The indication message mentioned here may correspond to indication 5 in method 700.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 800, the indication message mentioned herein may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800, the third communication device mentioned herein may correspond to PE1 in the method 800, and the first communication device mentioned herein may correspond to PE3 in the method 800, the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 800, and the first MTN path corresponds to MTN path 2 in the method 800.

When method 1500 is embodied to method 900, the first communications device may correspond to PE2 in method 900, the third communications device may correspond to PE3 in method 900, the indication message corresponds to indication 7 in method 900, the first MTN path corresponds to link 2 in method 900, and the second MTN path corresponds to link 1 in method 900.

When the method 1500 is embodied to implement the method 400, the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 400, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400. Alternatively, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 2 in method 400, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in method 400.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 600, the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 600, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 3 in the method 600; alternatively, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 4 in method 600.

When the method 1500 is implemented to the method 700, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 700.

When the method 1500 is embodied to implement the method 800, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 800.

When the method 1500 is embodied to implement the method 900, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900, and the second MTN path is link 1.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 600, the third indication mentioned herein may correspond to indication 3 in the method 600, the third communication device corresponds to PE1 in the method 600, and the second MTN path corresponds to MTN path 1 in the method 600.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 400, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400. The first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, or the first communication device may be PE1 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 600, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 3 in the method 600, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 600. The first communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, or the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1500 is implemented to the method 700, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 800, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 900, the third communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900.

When method 1500 embodies method 600, the APS messages referred to herein may correspond to the APS messages in method 600. For the related description of the APS message, refer to the related description of the foregoing method embodiment, and are not described herein again.

When the method 1500 is embodied to implement the method 400, the third communication device may be, for example, the PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to the indication 1 in the method 400. The second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, or the second communication device may be PE1 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 600, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the third indication may correspond to indication 3 in the method 600, and the second MTN path may correspond to MTN path 1 in the method 600. The second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, or the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3 a.

When the method 1500 is implemented to the method 700, the third communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 5 in the method 700.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 800, the third communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 6 in the method 800.

When the method 1500 is implemented to implement the method 900, the third communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, and the third indication may correspond to indication 7 in the method 900.

When the method 1500 is implemented in the method 600, the OAM message mentioned herein may correspond to the OAM message in the method 600. For the related description of the OAM message, refer to the related description of the foregoing method embodiment, and are not described herein again.

When the method 1500 is implemented in the method 400, the first indication mentioned herein may correspond to indication 1 in the method 400, the second communication device corresponds to PE2 in the method 400, the first communication device corresponds to PE3 in the method 400, and the third communication device corresponds to PE1 in the method 400.

When the method 1500 is implemented to the method 600, the first indication mentioned herein may correspond to indication 3 in the method 400, the second communication device may correspond to PE1 in the method 400, the first communication device may correspond to PE3 in the method 400, and the third communication device may correspond to PE1 in the method 400.

In one implementation, the MTN communication system further includes a fourth communication device, which connects the first communication device and the second communication device through the first path and the second path, respectively, as shown in fig. 12 b.

In one implementation, the first communication device and the second communication device are communicatively connected through a third MTN path, and the method further includes:

the third MTN path is configured to be active when the second path is available.

When the method 1500 is implemented to the method 900 specifically, the fourth communication device is, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third communication device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, where the third MTN path mentioned here may correspond to MTN path 3 in the method 900, and the second path mentioned here may correspond to link 1 in the method 900. Alternatively, the fourth communication device may be, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communication device may be, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device may be, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third communication device may be, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the second path may correspond to MTN path 1 in method 900, and the third MTN path may correspond to MTN path 3 in method 900.

In one possible implementation manner, the first communication device and the second communication device are communicatively connected through a third MTN path, and the method further includes:

the first path is configured to be in an active state when the second path is unavailable.

When the method 1500 specifically implements the method 900, the fourth communication device is, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, and the third communication device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, where the second path mentioned here may correspond to the link 1 in the method 900, and the third MTN path mentioned here may correspond to the MTN path 3 in the method 900, and the first path mentioned here may correspond to the link 2 in the method 900. Alternatively, the fourth communication device is, for example, PE1 in fig. 3a, the first communication device is, for example, PE3 in fig. 3a, the second communication device is, for example, PE2 in fig. 3a, the third communication device is, for example, CE2 in fig. 3a, and the first path corresponds to MTN path 2 in method 900.

For the above specific implementation of the method 1300, the method 1400 and the method 1500, reference may be made to the above description parts of the method 40, the method 600, the method 700, the method 800, the method 900, the method 1000 and the method 1100, which are not described herein again.

In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication apparatus, as shown in fig. 16. Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the communication device 1600 includes a transceiver unit 1601 and a processing unit 1602. The communications apparatus 1600 can be configured to perform the methods 400, 600-1100, and 1300-1500 in the above examples.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1600 can perform the method 400 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1600 is used to perform the method 400 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1600 can correspond to the PE2 in the method 400. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 400. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations in method 400 other than transceiving operations performed by PE 2. For example, the processing unit 1602 is configured to obtain an indication 1, where the indication 1 is used to indicate that the MTN path 1 fails, and the transceiver unit 1601 is configured to execute sending the indication 1.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 400 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 400 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE3 in the method 400. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 400. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations in method 400 other than transceiving operations performed by PE 3. For example, transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive indication 1 sent by PE2, and processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 1, and configure MTN path 2 in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 400 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 400 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE1 in the method 400. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 400. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations in method 400 other than transceiving operations performed by PE 1. For example, transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive indication 1 sent by PE2, and processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 1, and configure MTN path 2 in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 600 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 600 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE1 in the method 600. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 600. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 600. For example, the processing unit 1602 is configured to execute the acquisition instruction 3 and configure the MTN path 2 in an active state, and the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to transmit the instruction 3.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 600 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 600 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE2 in the method 600. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 600. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 600. For example, transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive indication 3 sent by PE1, and processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 3.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 600 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 600 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE3 in the method 600. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 600. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 600. For example, transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive indication 3 sent by PE1, and processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 3, and configure MTN path 2 in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 700 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 700 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE1 in the method 700. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 700. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 700. For example, the processing unit 1602 is configured to generate the indication 5 and configure the MTN path 2 to be in an active state, and the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to transmit the indication 5.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 700 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 700 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE3 in the method 700. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 700. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 700. For example, transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive indication 5 sent by PE1, and processing unit 1602 is configured to configure MTN path 2 and link 2 as an active state according to indication 5.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 800 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 800 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE3 in the method 800. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 800. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 800. For example, the processing unit 1602 is configured to generate the indication 6 and configure the MTN path 2 and the link 2 as an active state, and the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to transmit the indication 6.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 800 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 800 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE1 in the method 800. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 800. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 800. For example, transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive indication 6 sent by PE3, and processing unit 1602 is configured to configure MTN path 2 to be in an active state according to indication 6.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1600 can perform the method 900 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1600 is used to perform the method 900 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1600 can correspond to the PE2 in the method 900. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 900. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations in method 900 other than transceiving operations performed by PE 2. For example, the processing unit 1602 is configured to perform determining that the link 1 is faulty, generate the indication 7, configure the MTN path 3 in an active state, and the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to transmit the indication 7.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1600 can perform the method 900 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1600 is used to perform the method 900 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1600 can correspond to the PE3 in the method 900. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 900. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations in method 900 other than transceiving operations performed by PE 3. For example, transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive indication 7 sent by PE2, and processing unit 1602 is configured to configure MTN path 2 and link 2 as an active state according to indication 7.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE1 in the method 1000. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 1000. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations in method 1000 other than transceiving operations performed by PE 1. For example, processing unit 1602 is configured to perform determining a forwarding path based on a data flow, and transceiving unit 1601 is configured to transmit the data flow to PE3 based on MTN path 2.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE2 in the method 1000. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 1000. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations in method 1000 other than transceiving operations performed by PE 2. For example, transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive a data stream sent by PE1, and processing unit 1602 is configured to determine a forwarding path according to the data stream.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the PE3 in the method 1000. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 1000. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations in method 1000 other than transceiving operations performed by PE 3. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive a data stream transmitted by the PE1 and transmit the data stream to the CE2 via the link 2, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to determine a forwarding path according to the data stream.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1100 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1100 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can correspond to the PE1 in the method 1100. Transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 1100. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations in method 1100 other than transceiving operations performed by PE 1. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive the data stream transmitted by the CE1 and transmit the data stream through the MTN path 1 or MTN path 2, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to determine a client identifier corresponding to the data stream.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can correspond to the first communication device in the method 1300. The transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1300. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in method 1300. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive a first indication sent by the second communication device and send a third indication to the third communication device, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that the second MTN path is failed according to the first indication.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can correspond to the second communication device in the method 1300. The transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1300. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the second communications device in method 1300. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to send a first indication, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that the second MTN path has failed.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the third communication device in the method 1300. The transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1300. Processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in method 1300. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive the first indication or the second indication, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that the second MTN path fails, and switch the second MTN path to the first MTN path.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can correspond to the first communication device in the method 1400. The transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1400. The processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1400. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to transmit a data stream to the second communication device through the third MTN path, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that the second path fails and configure the third MTN path in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can correspond to the second communication device in the method 1400. The transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1400. The processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1400. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive a data stream sent by the first communication device through the third MTN path and send the data stream to the fourth communication device through the second path, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that the second MTN path fails and configure the third MTN path in an active state.

In an example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can correspond to the fourth communication device in the method 1400. The transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the fourth communication device in the method 1400. The processing unit 1602 is configured to perform the operations of the fourth communication device of the method 1400 except for transceiving operations. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to transmit a data stream to a first communication device through a first path, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to determine that a second path fails and configure the first path in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can correspond to the first communication device in the method 1500. The transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1500. The processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1500. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive a first indication sent by the second communication device, where the first indication is used to indicate that the second MTN path fails, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to configure the first MTN path in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can correspond to the second communication device in the method 1500. The transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1500. The processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1500. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to send a first indication indicating that the second MTN path fails, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to configure the third MTN path to be in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1600 can perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1600 is used to perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1600 can be equivalent to the third communication device in the method 1500. The transceiving unit 1601 is configured to perform transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1500. The processing unit 1602 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1500. For example, the transceiving unit 1601 is configured to receive a first indication sent by the second communication device, where the first indication is used to indicate that the second MTN path fails, and the processing unit 1602 is configured to configure the first MTN path in an active state.

In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication apparatus 1700, referring to fig. 17, where fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the communication apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1700 includes a communication interface 1701 and a processor 1702 coupled to the communication interface 1701. The communications apparatus 1700 may be configured to perform the methods 400, 600-1100, and 1300-1500 of the above embodiments.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE2 in the method 400. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE2 in the method 400. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 400. For example, the processor 1702 is configured to obtain indication 1, where indication 1 is configured to indicate that MTN path 1 fails, and the communication interface 1701 is configured to execute sending indication 1.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 400. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 400. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 400. For example, communications interface 1701 may be configured to receive indication 1 from PE2, and processor 1702 may be configured to determine that MTN path 1 failed based on indication 1 and configure MTN path 2 to be active.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE1 in the method 400. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 400. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 400. For example, communications interface 1701 may be configured to receive indication 1 from PE2, and processor 1702 may be configured to determine that MTN path 1 failed based on indication 1 and configure MTN path 2 to be active.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE1 in the method 600. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 600. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 600. For example, the processor 1702 is configured to perform fetch indication 3 and configure MTN path 2 to the active state and the communication interface 1701 is configured to send indication 3.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE2 in the method 600. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE2 in the method 600. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 600. For example, communication interface 1701 is configured to receive indication 3 from PE1, and processor 1702 is configured to determine that MTN path 1 failed based on indication 3.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 600. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 600. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 600. For example, communications interface 1701 may be configured to receive indication 3 from PE1, and processor 1702 may be configured to determine that MTN path 1 failed based on indication 3 and configure MTN path 2 to the active state.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 700 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 700 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE1 in the method 700. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 700. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 700. For example, the processor 1702 is configured to generate indication 5 and configure MTN path 2 to the active state, and the communication interface 1701 is configured to send indication 5.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 700 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 700 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 700. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 700. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 700. For example, communication interface 1701 may be configured to receive indication 5 from PE1, and processor 1702 may be configured to configure MTN path 2 and link 2 to the active state based on indication 5.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 800 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 800 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 800. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 800. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 800. For example, processor 1702 may be configured to generate indication 6 and configure MTN path 2 and link 2 to the active state and communication interface 1701 may be configured to send indication 6.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 800 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 800 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE1 in the method 800. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 800. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 800. For example, communication interface 1701 may be configured to receive indication 6 from PE3, and processor 1702 may be configured to configure MTN path 2 to the active state based on indication 6.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1700 may perform the method 900 in the above embodiment, and when the communications apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 900 in the above embodiment, the communications apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE2 in the method 900. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE2 in the method 900. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 900. For example, the processor 1702 is configured to perform determining that link 1 is down, generating an indication 7, configuring the MTN path 3 to an active state, and the communication interface 1701 is configured to send the indication 7.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1700 may perform the method 900 in the above embodiment, and when the communications apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 900 in the above embodiment, the communications apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 900. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 900. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 900. For example, communication interface 1701 may be configured to receive indication 7 from PE2, and processor 1702 may be configured to configure MTN path 2 and link 2 to the active state based on indication 7.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 1000 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1000 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE1 in the method 1000. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 1000. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 1000. For example, processor 1702 may be configured to perform determining a forwarding path based on a data flow, and communication interface 1701 may be configured to send the data flow to PE3 based on MTN path 2.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 1000 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1000 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE2 in the method 1000. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE2 in the method 1000. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 1000. For example, communication interface 1701 may be configured to receive a data stream from PE1, and processor 1702 may be configured to determine a forwarding path based on the data stream.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 1000 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1000 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 1000. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 1000. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 1000. For example, the communications interface 1701 may be configured to receive data streams transmitted by the PEs 1 and to transmit the data streams to the CEs 2 via link 2, and the processor 1702 may be configured to determine forwarding paths based on the data streams.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 1100 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1100 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the PE1 in the method 1100. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 1100. Processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 1100. For example, the communications interface 1701 may be configured to receive a data stream transmitted by the CE1 and transmit the data stream via MTN path 1 or MTN path 2, and the processor 1702 may be configured to determine a customer identification corresponding to the data stream.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 1300 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1300 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the first communication apparatus in the method 1300. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1300. The processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the first communications device in the method 1300. For example, the communication interface 1701 is configured to receive a first indication sent by the second communication device and send a third indication to the third communication device, and the processor 1702 is configured to determine that the second MTN path is failed according to the first indication.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 1300 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1300 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the second communication apparatus in the method 1300. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1300. The processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1300. For example, the communication interface 1701 may be configured to send a first indication and the processor 1702 may be configured to determine that the second MTN path is down.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 1300 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1300 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to a third communication apparatus in the method 1300. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1300. The processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1300. For example, the communication interface 1701 is configured to receive the first indication or the second indication, and the processor 1702 is configured to determine that the second MTN path has failed and switch the second MTN path to the first MTN path.

In an example, the communication device 1700 may perform the method 1400 in the above embodiment, and when the communication device 1700 is used to perform the method 1400 in the above embodiment, the communication device 1700 may correspond to the first communication device in the method 1400. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1400. The processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1400. For example, the communication interface 1701 may be configured to send a data stream to the second communication device via the third MTN path, and the processor 1702 may be configured to determine that the second path is down and configure the third MTN path to be active.

In an example, the communication device 1700 may perform the method 1400 in the above embodiment, and when the communication device 1700 is used to perform the method 1400 in the above embodiment, the communication device 1700 may correspond to the second communication device in the method 1400. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1400. The processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1400. For example, the communication interface 1701 is configured to receive a data stream transmitted by the first communication device through the third MTN path and transmit the data stream to the fourth communication device through the second path, and the processor 1702 is configured to determine that the second MTN path has failed and configure the third MTN path in an active state.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 1400 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1400 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to the fourth communication apparatus in the method 1400. The communication interface 1701 is used for performing transceiving operations performed by the fourth communication device in the method 1400. The processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the fourth communication device of the method 1400. For example, the communication interface 1701 may be configured to transmit a data stream to a first communication device via a first path, and the processor 1702 may be configured to determine that a second path is malfunctioning and configure the first path to an active state.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 can perform the method 1500 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1500 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 can correspond to the first communication apparatus in the method 1500. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1500. The processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the first communications device in the method 1500. For example, the communication interface 1701 is configured to receive a first indication sent by the second communication device, the first indication indicating that the second MTN path is failed, and the processor 1702 is configured to configure the first MTN path to be in an active state.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 can perform the method 1500 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1500 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 can correspond to the second communication apparatus in the method 1500. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1500. The processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1500. For example, the communication interface 1701 may be configured to send a first indication indicating that the second MTN path failed, and the processor 1702 may be configured to configure the third MTN path to the active state.

In an example, the communication apparatus 1700 may perform the method 1500 in the above embodiment, and when the communication apparatus 1700 is used to perform the method 1500 in the above embodiment, the communication apparatus 1700 may correspond to a third communication apparatus in the method 1500. The communication interface 1701 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1500. The processor 1702 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1500. For example, the communication interface 1701 is configured to receive a first indication sent by the second communication device, the first indication indicating that the second MTN path is failed, and the processor 1702 is configured to configure the first MTN path to be in an active state.

In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 1800, see fig. 18, where fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

The communications apparatus 1800 may be used to perform the method 400, the method 600-the method 1100, and the method 1300-the method 1500 in the above embodiments.

As shown in fig. 18, the communications apparatus 1800 may include a processor 1810, a memory 1820 coupled to the processor 1810, and a transceiver 1830. The transceiver 1070 may be, for example, a communication interface, an optical module, or the like. The processor 1810 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP. The processor may also be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a General Array Logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. The processor 1010 may refer to one processor or may include a plurality of processors. The memory 1020 may include a volatile memory (RAM), such as a random-access memory (RAM); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory (ROM), such as a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory (flash memory), a hard disk (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD); the memory 1820 can also include combinations of the above types of memory. The memory 1820 may refer to one memory or may include multiple memories. In one embodiment, the memory 1820 has stored therein computer-readable instructions comprising a plurality of software modules, such as a transmitting module 1821, a processing module 1822, and a receiving module 1823. After the processor 1810 executes each software module, the corresponding operation can be performed according to the instruction of each software module. In this embodiment, the operations performed by a software module actually refer to the operations performed by processor 1810 as directed by the software module.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE2 in the method 400. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE2 in the method 400. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 400. For example, the processor 1810 is configured to obtain an indication 1, where the indication 1 is used to indicate that MTN path 1 fails, and the transceiver 1830 is configured to perform sending the indication 1.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 400. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 400. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 400. For example, transceiver 1830 is configured to receive indication 1 sent by PE2, and processor 1810 is configured to determine that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 1, and configure MTN path 2 to be in an active state.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 400 in the above embodiment, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE1 in the method 400. Transceiver 1830 is used to perform the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 400. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 400. For example, transceiver 1830 is configured to receive indication 1 sent by PE2, and processor 1810 is configured to determine that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 1, and configure MTN path 2 to be in an active state.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE1 in the method 600. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 600. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 600. For example, processor 1810 is configured to perform acquisition indication 3 and configure MTN path 2 to an active state and transceiver 1830 is configured to send indication 3.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE2 in the method 600. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE2 in the method 600. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 600. For example, transceiver 1830 is configured to receive indication 3 sent by PE1, and processor 1810 is configured to determine that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 3.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 600 in the above embodiment, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 600. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 600. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 600. For example, transceiver 1830 is configured to receive indication 3 sent by PE1, and processor 1810 is configured to determine that MTN path 1 fails according to indication 3, and configure MTN path 2 to be in an active state.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 can perform the method 700 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 700 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 can correspond to the PE1 in the method 700. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 700. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 700. For example, processor 1810 is configured to generate indication 5 and configure MTN path 2 to the active state and transceiver 1830 is configured to send indication 5.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 can perform the method 700 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 700 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 can correspond to the PE3 in the method 700. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 700. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 700. For example, transceiver 1830 is configured to receive indication 5 sent by PE1, and processor 1810 is configured to configure MTN path 2 and link 2 to an active state according to indication 5.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 800 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 800 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 800. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 800. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 800. For example, processor 1810 is configured to generate indication 6 and configure MTN path 2 and link 2 to an active state and transceiver 1830 is configured to transmit indication 6.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 800 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 800 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE1 in the method 800. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 800. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 800. For example, transceiver 1830 is configured to receive indication 6 sent by PE3, and processor 1810 is configured to configure MTN path 2 to the active state according to indication 6.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 900 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 900 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE2 in the method 900. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE2 in the method 900. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 900. For example, processor 1810 is configured to perform determining that link 1 is down, generating indication 7, configuring MTN path 3 to an active state, and transceiver 1830 is configured to send indication 7.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 may perform the method 900 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 900 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 may correspond to the PE3 in the method 900. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 900. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 900. For example, transceiver 1830 is configured to receive indication 7 sent by PE2, and processor 1810 is configured to configure MTN path 2 and link 2 to an active state according to indication 7.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 can perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 can correspond to the PE1 in the method 1000. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 1000. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 1000. For example, processor 1810 may be configured to perform determining a forwarding path based on a data flow, and transceiver 1830 may be configured to transmit the data flow to PE3 based on MTN path 2.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 can perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 can correspond to the PE2 in the method 1000. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE2 in the method 1000. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE2 in method 1000. For example, transceiver 1830 is configured to receive a data stream transmitted by PE1, and processor 1810 is configured to determine a forwarding path according to the data stream.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 can perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 1000 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 can correspond to the PE3 in the method 1000. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE3 in the method 1000. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by PE3 in method 1000. For example, transceiver 1830 is configured to receive data streams transmitted by PE1 and to transmit data streams to CE2 via link 2, and processor 1810 is configured to determine a forwarding path based on the data streams.

In one example, the communications device 1800 can perform the method 1100 in the above embodiments, and when the communications device 1800 is used to perform the method 1100 in the above embodiments, the communications device 1800 can correspond to the PE1 in the method 1100. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the PE1 in the method 1100. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than the transceiving operations performed by PE1 in method 1100. For example, the transceiver 1830 is configured to receive the data stream transmitted by the CE1 and transmit the data stream through the MTN path 1 or MTN path 2, and the processor 1810 is configured to determine a customer identifier corresponding to the data stream.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 can perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 can correspond to the first communications apparatus in the method 1300. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the first communications device in the method 1300. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the first communications device in method 1300. For example, the transceiver 1830 is configured to receive a first indication sent by the second communication device and send a third indication to the third communication device, and the processor 1810 is configured to determine that the second MTN path is failed according to the first indication.

In one example, the communication device 1800 can perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1800 is used to perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1800 can correspond to the second communication device in the method 1300. The transceiver 1830 is used for performing transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1300. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the second communications device in method 1300. For example, the transceiver 1830 may be configured to send a first indication and the processor 1810 may be configured to determine that the second MTN path is faulty.

In one example, the communication device 1800 can perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1800 is used to perform the method 1300 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1800 can correspond to the third communication device in the method 1300. The transceiver 1830 is used for performing transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1300. The processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the third communications device in the method 1300. For example, the transceiver 1830 is configured to receive the first indication or the second indication, and the processor 1810 is configured to determine that the second MTN path fails and switch the second MTN path to the first MTN path.

In one example, the communications apparatus 1800 can perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, and when the communications apparatus 1800 is used to perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, the communications apparatus 1800 can correspond to the first communications apparatus in the method 1400. The transceiver 1830 is used for performing transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1400. The processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the first communications device in the method 1400. For example, the transceiver 1830 is configured to transmit a data stream to the second communication device via the third MTN path, and the processor 1810 is configured to determine that the second path has failed and configure the third MTN path in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1800 can perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1800 is used to perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1800 can correspond to the second communication device in the method 1400. The transceiver 1830 is used for performing transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1400. The processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1400. For example, the transceiver 1830 is configured to receive a data stream transmitted by the first communication device through the third MTN path and transmit the data stream to the fourth communication device through the second path, and the processor 1810 is configured to determine that the second MTN path fails and configure the third MTN path in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1800 can perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1800 is used to perform the method 1400 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1800 can correspond to the fourth communication device in the method 1400. The transceiver 1830 is used for performing transceiving operations performed by the fourth communication device in the method 1400. The processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the fourth communications device in the method 1400. For example, the transceiver 1830 may be configured to transmit a data stream to a first communication device via a first path, and the processor 1810 may be configured to determine that a second path fails and configure the first path to an active state.

In one example, the communications device 1800 can perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, and when the communications device 1800 is used to perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, the communications device 1800 can correspond to the first communications device in the method 1500. The transceiver 1830 is used to perform transceiving operations performed by the first communication device in the method 1500. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the first communications device in method 1500. For example, the transceiver 1830 is configured to receive a first indication sent by the second communications device, where the first indication indicates that the second MTN path fails, and the processor 1810 is configured to configure the first MTN path to be active.

In one example, the communication device 1800 can perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1800 is used to perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1800 can correspond to the second communication device in the method 1500. The transceiver 1830 is used for performing transceiving operations performed by the second communication device in the method 1500. Processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the second communications device in method 1500. For example, the transceiver 1830 is configured to transmit a first indication indicating that the second MTN path is failed, and the processor 1810 is configured to configure the third MTN path to be in an active state.

In one example, the communication device 1800 can perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, and when the communication device 1800 is used to perform the method 1500 in the above embodiments, the communication device 1800 can correspond to the third communication device in the method 1500. The transceiver 1830 is used for performing transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1500. The processor 1810 is configured to perform operations other than transceiving operations performed by the third communication device in the method 1500. For example, the transceiver 1830 is configured to receive a first indication sent by the second communication device, where the first indication indicates that the second MTN path fails, and the processor 1810 is configured to configure the first MTN path to be in an active state.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps performed by the first communication device in the above embodiments.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps performed by the second communication device in the above embodiments.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps performed by the third communication device in the above embodiments.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps performed by the fourth communication device in the above embodiments.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, including any of the first communication device, any of the second communication device, any of the third communication device, and any of the fourth communication device mentioned in the above embodiments. The communication system is configured to perform one or more of the operations involved in any of the methods mentioned in the above embodiments.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a communication system, including at least one memory and at least one processor, where the at least one memory stores instructions, and the at least one processor executes the instructions to cause the communication system to perform any one or more of the operations of the methods (e.g., method 400, method 600, and method 700) described in any of the previous embodiments of the present application.

The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the drawings described above, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit is only a logical division, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, each service unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a hardware form, and can also be realized in a software service unit form.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software business unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed to by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method of the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in one or more of the examples described above, the services described in this disclosure may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the services may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.

The above embodiments are intended to explain the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-homing communication method in a network, the network comprising a first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device via a first metropolitan area transport network, MTN, path and a second MTN path, respectively, the method comprising:

and transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second MTN path.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

and after the second MTN path is unavailable, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client by using the first MTN path.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein before transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client using the first MTN path, the method further comprises:

4. The method of claim 3, wherein prior to said determining that said second MTN path fails, said method comprises:

the first communication device receives the first indication from the second communication device.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first indication is carried in a dual homing coordinated DHC message.

6. The method of claim 4 or 5, wherein after receiving the first indication, the method further comprises:

and the first communication device sends a second indication to the third communication device, and instructs the third communication device to switch the transmission path of the data stream corresponding to the first client from the second MTN path to the first MTN path.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second indication is included in an Automatic Protection Switching (APS) message.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein prior to said determining that said second MTN path fails, said method comprises:

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first indication is included in an operation, maintenance, administration, OAM, message.

10. The method of claim 2, wherein before transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client using the first MTN path, the method further comprises:

and the third communication device receives indication information sent by the first communication device, wherein the indication information is used for indicating the third communication device to switch the second MTN path to the first MTN path.

11. The method of claim 2, wherein before transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client using the first MTN path, the method further comprises:

and determining that the second MTN path fails according to a third indication sent by the third communication device, wherein the third indication is used for indicating that the second MTN path fails.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the third indication is sent by the third communication device to the first communication device.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the third indication is included in an Automatic Protection Switching (APS) message.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the third indication is sent by the third communication device to the second communication device.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the third indication is included in an operation, maintenance, administration, OAM, message.

16. The method of claim 2, wherein before the data stream corresponding to the first client is transmitted using the first MTN path, the method further comprises:

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first indication is carried in a Dual Homing Coordination (DHC) message or an operation, maintenance, administration (OAM) message.

18. The method according to any of claims 1-17, wherein the network further comprises a fourth communication device connecting the first communication device and the second communication device via a first path and a second path, respectively.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the first communications device and the second communications device are communicatively coupled via a third MTN path, the method further comprising:

and when the second path is available and the second MTN path is unavailable, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first MTN path, the third MTN path and the second path.

20. The method of claim 18 or 19, wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are communicatively connected via a third MTN path, the method further comprising:

21. The method of any one of claims 18-20, further comprising:

22. The method of claims 1-21, further comprising:

and transmitting a data stream corresponding to a second client through the first MTN path.

23. A multi-homing communication method in a network, the network comprising a first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device via a first path and a second path, respectively, and the first communication device and the second communication device are connected via a first MTN path, the method comprising:

when the second path is available, transmitting a data stream corresponding to a first client through the second path;

and when the second path is unavailable, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first path and the first MTN path.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein transmitting a data stream corresponding to a first client over the second path when the second path is available comprises:

25. The method of claim 23 or 24, wherein when the second path is not available, the method further comprises:

and the first communication device determines that the second path has a fault according to indication information sent by the second communication device, wherein the indication information is used for indicating that the second path has a fault.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the indication information is carried in a dual homing coordination DHC message.

27. The method according to any of claims 24-26, wherein the network further comprises a fourth communication device connecting the first communication device and the second communication device via a second MTN path and a third MTN path, respectively.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the first path and the first MTN path when the second path is unavailable comprises:

29. The method according to claim 27 or 28, wherein transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client through the second path when the second path is available comprises:

and when the third MTN path is unavailable and the second path is available, transmitting the data stream corresponding to the first client by the first MTN path and the second MTN path through the second MTN path.

30. A multi-homing communication method in a network, the network comprising a first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device connects the first communication device and the second communication device through a first metropolitan area transport network, MTN, path and a second MTN path, respectively, the method comprising:

and when the second MTN working path is not used, configuring the state of the first MTN path into an active state.

31. A communication system, the communication system comprising: the communication device comprises a first communication device, a second communication device and a third communication device, wherein the third communication device is connected with the first communication device and the second communication device through a first metropolitan area transmission network (MTN) path and a second MTN path respectively.

32. The system of claim 31, wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are connected via a third MTN path.

33. The system according to claim 31 or 32, wherein said MTN communication system further comprises a fourth communication device, said fourth communication device connecting said first communication device and said second communication device via a first path and a second path, respectively.

34. A communication system according to any of claims 31 to 33, wherein the communication system is arranged to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 30.

35. A multi-homing system, the system comprising: at least one processor and memory;

the memory for storing instructions or computer programs;

the at least one processor configured to execute the instructions or computer program in the memory to cause the system to perform the method of any of claims 1-30.

36. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of claims 1-30 above.